CN1162643C - Combined circular coal-burning power generating system and method adopting partial gasification and air preheating - Google Patents

Combined circular coal-burning power generating system and method adopting partial gasification and air preheating Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1162643C
CN1162643C CNB001211463A CN00121146A CN1162643C CN 1162643 C CN1162643 C CN 1162643C CN B001211463 A CNB001211463 A CN B001211463A CN 00121146 A CN00121146 A CN 00121146A CN 1162643 C CN1162643 C CN 1162643C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gas
coal
boiler
fluidized bed
steam
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Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CNB001211463A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1277339A (en
Inventor
韩安霈
龙潮
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CHINA INTERNATIONAL ENGINEERING CONSULTING Co
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CHINA INTERNATIONAL ENGINEERING CONSULTING Co
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Priority to CNB001211463A priority Critical patent/CN1162643C/en
Publication of CN1277339A publication Critical patent/CN1277339A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2001/001200 priority patent/WO2002020952A1/en
Priority to AU2002223391A priority patent/AU2002223391A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1162643C publication Critical patent/CN1162643C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/067Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion heat coming from a gasification or pyrolysis process, e.g. coal gasification
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02CGAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/20Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
    • F02C3/205Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products in a fluidised-bed combustor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00Geometry
    • F05D2250/10Two-dimensional
    • F05D2250/14Two-dimensional elliptical
    • F05D2250/141Two-dimensional elliptical circular
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y02E20/18Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a combined cycle power generating system with partial gasification and air preheating of fuel coal and a method. The system mainly comprises a gas island, a boiler island, a gas turbine island, a gas cooler/steam superheater and a steam turbine island, wherein the gas island is composed of a pressurizing fluidized bed gasifying stove and auxiliary equipment thereof, wherein the pressurizing fluidized bed gasifying stove uses air as a gasifying agent and gasifies partially coal; the boiler island is composed of a low-rate cycle fluidized bed boiler and auxiliary equipment thereof; the gas turbine island is composed of a gas compressor of a gas turbine set, a preposition combustion chamber, a gas turbine and a power generator set and auxiliary equipment thereof; the gas cooler/steam superheater utilizes the heat of high-temperature gas to heat steam to a set superheated temperature; the steam turbine island is composed a steam turbine and a power generator set and auxiliary equipment thereof. In this way, the reasonably combined fuel combined cycle power generating system and a method can achieve the purpose of power generation with high efficiency, low pollution and low cost.

Description

Partial gasification air preheat combined circular coal-burning power generating system and method
The gas steam combined cycle for power generation system and method that the present invention relates to is called partial gasification air preheat combined circular coal-burning power generating system (Partial Gasification Air Preheated CombinedCycle Power System), is called for short " PGACC ".
More particularly, the fire coal that the present invention relates to a kind of optimum organization closes cycle generating system.It is with coal gasification, burning, desulfurization and purification, two power generation cycle of and combustion gas--steam make up in aggregates rightly, form simpler, low in the pollution of the environment and characteristics such as investment and operation and maintenance cost be lower thereby possess generating, power supplying efficiency height, system.
The invention still further relates to a difunctional heat exchanger, have the function of gas cooler and steam superheater.It is to use steam as cooling medium, and coal gas is cooled to below 650 ℃, makes the alkali in the coal gas be frozen into solids full the genus, thereby can make coal gas meet the requirement of gas turbine with ceramic filter with the dust in the coal gas and alkali metal and other particle filterings.Steam is superheated to design temperature to drive the generating of vapor wheel generating set in cooling coal gas.Steam is from the gas-turbine waste heat boiler and the duplexing matter CFBB of native system.So both rationally utilize the sensible heat of coal gas of high temperature, steam superheating can be subjected to the restriction of combustion turbine exhaustion temperature again to very high temperature.
The invention still further relates to a duplexing matter atmosphere circulating fluidized bed boiler.The semicoke that this steam coal gasification furnace produces is made fuel with output high temperature compressed air and these two kinds of working medium of high-pressure saturated steam, utilizes the lime stone calcium oxide (CaO) of coal gasifier remnants simultaneously, further finishes the sweetening process of semicoke.Because the employing of duplexing matter atmosphere circulating fluidized bed boiler makes the gasification furnace in the native system be avoided the poor efficiency stage of coal gasification course, improves its output thereby simplify its structure.Because the heat that coal-char combustion discharges is used for heated compressed air more than 60%, thereby the merit that can improve the combustion machine of combined cycle and steam turbine thermal efficiency of cycle when.
The invention still further relates to a rational sweetening process.In pressurized fluidized bed gasifier, desulphurization reaction can be with the long-pending Shen of the calcium sulfide (CaS) that generates in the flying dust of the semicoke of its close phase layer and coal gas stream.These semicokes and flying dust are admitted to CFBB with residual lime stone calcium oxide (CaO) subsequently, in the fluid bed of boiler, still unreacted sulphur (S) will continue to react with lime stone calcium oxide (CaO) in calcium sulfide (CaS) and the semicoke, and final the generation stablized harmless calcium sulfate (CaSO 4), and discharge with CFBB bed slag.
Known tentatively commercial off-the-shelf integrated gasification combined cycle plants system (IGCC) generally is at high temperature coal all to be gasified as gasifying agent with oxygen.Thereby whole system complexity, own demand are many, investment and operation and maintenance cost height.
The known pressurised fluidized bed combined cycle system of tentatively commercial off-the-shelf (PFBC-CC) then is that coal is burnt in pressurised fluidized bed and desulfurization, and the high temperature and high pressure flue gas of generation is in order to drive gas turbine power generation.Because of the gas cleaning difficulty, bigger to the corrosion and the wearing and tearing of combustion machine, influence the combustion machine life-span.Again since the temperature of the high temperature and high pressure flue gas of pressurised fluidized bed generation be subjected to pressurised fluidized bed condition of work restriction and can not be too high, thereby make the efficient of combustion gas circulation be difficult to improve.
At the problems referred to above, some countries just making great efforts to seek a kind of system simpler, from electricity consumption still less, more reliable clean combustion of coal association circulating power generation system.
One of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of with the clean combustion of coal association circulating power generation system of air with the coal partial gasification.The partial gasification of its coal is finished in pressurized fluidized bed gasifier and duplexing matter CFBB respectively with the burning of gasification back residue semicoke.Owing to, can avoid the poor efficiency stage of coal gasification course, thereby gasification furnace structure is simplified, gas yield is improved just with the coal partial gasification.Because binary cycle boiler also is used to heat combustion machine compressed air, thereby can improve the combustion machine of combined cycle system and the merit ratio of steam turbine.Again owing to can utilize the desulfurizing agent lime stone in the combustion process of coal gasification process and semicoke, to carry out desulfurization, thereby not only can reduce sulfur content in gas but also can reduce the binary cycle boiler sulfur in smoke, need not coal gas and boiler smoke are carried out the external desulfurzation processing.
Two of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of with the clean combustion of coal association circulating power generation system of air with the coal partial gasification.And its gas cooler and steam superheater are combined, minimizing adds the quantity of steam that water quench coal gas is produced in addition, with the combustion machine of raising system and the merit ratio of steam turbine, thereby improves power plant efficiency.
Three of purpose of the present invention is that the high temperature heat with coal gas makes the saturated vapor of waste heat boiler and binary cycle boiler overheated.Thereby make vapour system may adopt subcritical or supercritical parameter and do not fired the restriction of machine delivery temperature.Also needn't be in waste heat boiler refuelling afterburning in addition, thereby make the waste heat boiler structure single.
Four of purpose of the present invention is the semicokes that come combustion fluidized bed gasification furnace to produce with CFBB.This boiler adopts normal pressure, low range circulation, does not arrange steam superheater.Its furnace wall cooling applies with the abrasionproof fire brick layer, and arranges air heater above burner hearth.Thereby make the major part (more than 60%) of coal-char combustion heat be used to add hot-air.The compressed air that gas turbine can be sent here is heated to about 600~800 ℃ like this, thereby the merit that both can improve the combustion machine of system and steam turbine power plant efficiency when need not to use expensive high temperature heat-resisting again.
Five of purpose of the present invention is the reasonable disposition with system's each several part, tries to achieve the optimum efficiency of whole system.With simple relatively system, simple relatively equipment and structure and lower investment, realize higher generating, power supplying efficiency and less environmental pollution.
Purpose of the present invention can realize by following system and method: coal after will pulverizing and desulfurizing agent (lime stone) are gasifying agent with air and steam, by pressurized fluidized bed gasifier partial gasification and desulfurization, produce low-heat value gas and semicoke; Described low-heat value gas send the gas turbine extended furnace after cooling, dedusting, purification; Described semicoke burns by duplexing matter atmosphere circulating fluidized bed boiler, and the heat that coal-char combustion discharges is used for the air after the compression of heating gas turbine compressor more than 60%, and the heat below 40% is used to produce saturated vapor; The generation high-temperature fuel gas generated electricity through the gas turbine expansion working after the high temperature compressed air of described binary cycle boiler heating sent gas turbine extended furnace and low-heat value gas combustion, the high-pressure saturated steam that high-pressure saturated steam that combustion turbine exhaustion produces by waste heat boiler and described binary cycle boiler produce be sent to together gas cooler and steam superheater overheated after, the generating of warp let-off steam turbine expansion working.
The combined circular coal-burning power generating system of such reasonable combination and method can realize efficient, the low pollution and low-cost purpose of generating electricity.
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a system architecture schematic diagram of the present invention:
Pressurized fluidized bed gasifier 2 is arranged in the coal gas island 1, carry out part wideization of gas and desulfurization in coal after the pulverizing and the lime stone adding stove.The coal gas that is produced enters gas cooler and steam superheater 4 is cooled to below 650 ℃ after cyclone separator 3 separates.Then by ceramic filter 5 with dust, alkali metal and other solids filterings, send into combustion machine extended furnace 32.Semicoke and remaining lime stone (calcium oxide) are sent to CFBB through suitably cooling off also after the step-down.
Atmosphere circulating fluidized bed boiler 11 is arranged in the boiler island 10, and step-down and suitable cooled semicoke and lime stone are sent into boiler furnace 12, and coal-char combustion is sent into burner hearth by pressure fan 17 through air preheater 16 with air.The high-temperature flue gas that burning produces flows through the air heater 13 of burner hearth top, and the low-temperature flue gas after the heated compressed air carries out gas solid separation by cyclone separator 14.Overwhelming majority flying dust is separated and sends burner hearth back to.Low-temperature flue gas after the separation through economizer 15, air preheater 16 and deduster 19, enters chimney by air-introduced machine 20 more at last.Waste heat boiler 21 in the boiler island utilizes the exhaust of combustion machine with boiler feedwater heating and produce high steam (saturated or low overheated), joins with the steam of CFBB and sends into gas cooler and steam superheater 4 is overheated.
Compressor 31 in the combustion machine island 30 will be from atmosphere inhaled air compression supercharging, and the air heater 13 that will be sent to the atmosphere circulating fluidized bed boiler except the most of air the cooling combustion machine required air heats, and the part air is sent to pressurized fluidized bed gasifier after pressure-charge compressor 6 superchargings.Extended furnace 32 is used to drive gas turbine 33 and generating set 34 generatings thereof in order to lower heat of combustion coal gas by the high-temperature fuel gas that compressed air and low-heat value gas combustion produced after the preheating.
The high temperature and high pressure steam that Turbo-generator Set 41 in the Turbine Island 40 and 42 usefulness gas coolers and steam superheater are sent here drives and generating.A small amount of high pressure extraction of steam turbine 41 is supplied with pressurized fluidized bed gasifier 2, and a small amount of low-pressure pumping steam is supplied with oxygen-eliminating device 45 feedwater and carried out deoxygenation.Boiler feedwater is sent into waste heat boiler 21 and CFBB 11 by feed pump 46 behind oxygen-eliminating device 45.

Claims (7)

1. partial gasification air preheat association circulating power generation system, it is characterized in that: pressurized fluidized bed gasifier, cyclone separator, difunctional heat exchanger, ceramic filter, continuous in proper order by the sealing utilidor, link to each other with the gas turbine generator group through the extended furnace; Another outlet of pressurized fluidized bed gasifier and cyclone separator, link to each other with duplexing matter atmosphere circulating fluidized bed boiler via pipeline, two outlets of duplex matter atmosphere circulating fluidized bed boiler, one steam (vapor) outlet links to each other with difunctional heat exchanger via pipeline and auxiliary equipment, and another hot air outlet links to each other with the extended furnace via pipeline; Another outlet of difunctional heat exchanger, its superheated steam links to each other with the vapor wheel generating set via pipeline; The exhaust outlet of gas turbine generator group links to each other with waste heat boiler via pipeline, and the outlet of waste heat boiler links to each other with difunctional heat exchanger, vapor wheel generating set via pipeline and auxiliary equipment order.
2. cycle generating system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described difunctional heat exchanger is gas cooler and steam superheater.
3. cycle generating system as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described difunctional heat exchanger, be the difunctional heat exchanger of shell-and-tube, and the outer and housing internal cavity of pipe is a coal gas of high temperature, is high steam in the pipe.
4. cycle generating system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: arranged air heater in the described duplexing matter atmosphere circulating fluidized bed boiler, and on furnace wall cooling, lay abrasionproof refractory brick to reduce the steam caloric value, the semicoke that gasification furnace produces can be burnt, the major part that guarantees the coal-char combustion release heat is used to add hot-air, and the heat that its burning is discharged is used for more than 60% compressed air is heated to about 600~800 ℃.
5. the coal-fired combined cycle generation method of a partial gasification air preheat, it is characterized in that: coal after the fragmentation and desulfurizing agent lime stone are added in the pressurized fluidized bed gasifier, make gasifying agent with air and water vapour, make coal carry out partial gasification, produce raw gas and semicoke, simultaneously in gasification furnace, coal with the effect of desulfurizing agent lime stone under coal gas is carried out desulfurization;
Raw gas solidifies the alkali metal in the coal gas through below the difunctional cools down to 650 ℃, pass through ceramic filter again after, making raw gas purifying is cleaned coal gas;
The semicoke that pressurized fluidized bed gasifier produces enters duplexing matter atmosphere circulating fluidized bed boiler, the compressed air heating that gas turbine is sent here obtains high temperature compressed air, via pipeline, auxiliary equipment and difunctional heat exchanger, become saturated vapor, be sent to vapor wheel generator work done generating;
The extended furnace combustion that cleaned coal gas after the purification and high temperature compressed air are sent into the combustion machine around, the high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas of generation, expansion working generating in gas turbine generator;
The waste gas that gas turbine is discharged enters waste heat boiler, the generation saturated vapor that evaporates the water, and, be sent to vapor wheel generator work done generating through difunctional superheating heat exchanger.
6. circulating generation method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described difunctional heat exchanger, to manage outward with the saturated vapor that produced of waste heat boiler and binary cycle boiler in the pipe, 900~1000 ℃ coal gas of high temperature is cooled to below 650 ℃, simultaneously, the saturated vapor in the pipe is become the suitable desired superheated steam of steam turbine generator.
7. circulating generation method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: can utilize lime stone remaining in the semicoke, in described duplexing matter atmosphere circulating fluidized bed boiler, gasification furnace is generated and be converted into stable and harmless calcium sulfate with the nuisance calcium sulfide that semicoke enters, with the content of sulfur dioxide in effective reduction boiler smoke, thereby need not to carry out the desulfurization of coal gas and flue gas with special external desulfurzation device.
CNB001211463A 2000-07-28 2000-07-28 Combined circular coal-burning power generating system and method adopting partial gasification and air preheating Expired - Fee Related CN1162643C (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNB001211463A CN1162643C (en) 2000-07-28 2000-07-28 Combined circular coal-burning power generating system and method adopting partial gasification and air preheating
PCT/CN2001/001200 WO2002020952A1 (en) 2000-07-28 2001-07-24 Partially-gasified air-preheated and coal-fired combined cycle power generation system and power generation method
AU2002223391A AU2002223391A1 (en) 2000-07-28 2001-07-24 Partially-gasified air-preheated and coal-fired combined cycle power generation system and power generation method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNB001211463A CN1162643C (en) 2000-07-28 2000-07-28 Combined circular coal-burning power generating system and method adopting partial gasification and air preheating

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CN1277339A CN1277339A (en) 2000-12-20
CN1162643C true CN1162643C (en) 2004-08-18

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WO (1) WO2002020952A1 (en)

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CN106960113B (en) * 2017-04-12 2020-06-30 西安热工研究院有限公司 Responsibility division method for machine island and furnace island in performance acceptance of single-shaft combined cycle generator set
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CN1277339A (en) 2000-12-20
AU2002223391A1 (en) 2002-03-22
WO2002020952A1 (en) 2002-03-14

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