CN116254886A - Method for measuring displacement of foundation pit side slope top and side slope shallow soil body - Google Patents
Method for measuring displacement of foundation pit side slope top and side slope shallow soil body Download PDFInfo
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- CN116254886A CN116254886A CN202310326605.9A CN202310326605A CN116254886A CN 116254886 A CN116254886 A CN 116254886A CN 202310326605 A CN202310326605 A CN 202310326605A CN 116254886 A CN116254886 A CN 116254886A
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- inclinometer
- slope
- foundation pit
- displacement
- soil body
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
- E02D1/08—Investigation of foundation soil in situ after finishing the foundation structure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/18—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids
- G01C9/24—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids in closed containers partially filled with liquid so as to leave a gas bubble
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
- G08B21/24—Reminder alarms, e.g. anti-loss alarms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B3/00—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems
- G08B3/10—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring the displacement of soil mass at the top and shallow layers of a side slope of a foundation pit, and belongs to the field of foundation pit safety. Determining the number and the positions of monitoring points according to engineering foundation pit design drawings and specifications; the foundation pit monitoring points simultaneously determine the number and the positions of the inclinometer pipes; installing an inclinometer pipe, and centering and fixing the 28mm galvanized round steel on the inclinometer pipe through the 6mm round steel in the inclinometer pipe; welding two connecting rods in the transverse and longitudinal directions on round steel in an inclinometer pipe, and setting a pointer; manufacturing a monitoring point, cutting a 2mm wide cross mark on the top by using galvanized round steel with the length of 200mm and the diameter of 20mm, and welding graduated scales in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction with the monitoring point through flat irons; the position of the pointer determined by the connecting rod determines the position of the graduated scale, the round steel of the monitoring point is crashed into the soil body, and the ground is 50mm; the top of the inclinometer tube is provided with a level tube, and whether the soil body is deviated or not can be judged according to whether the air bubble of the level tube is deviated or not. The invention realizes rapid monitoring of the change of the slope top and the shallow soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of foundation pit safety, and particularly relates to a method for measuring displacement of a slope top of a foundation pit slope and a shallow soil body of the slope.
Background
With the development of urban construction, various large cities in the world develop and utilize underground spaces for different purposes, such as high-rise building multi-layer basements, underground railways, underground shops, various underground civil and industrial facilities and the like. The increase of the foundation pit scale and the excavation depth makes the deformation and stability of the temporary enclosure structure complex and prominent, and becomes a very concerned problem for engineering and municipal administration departments. On the one hand, the increase of the plane size and the excavation depth causes a plurality of new problems, which are difficult to solve according to the existing theory and experience; on the other hand, as the density of various buildings in cities increases, adjacent environments, underground pipelines and ground traffic have more strict limits on the displacement and adverse effects generated after excavation and construction of foundation pits. Therefore, foundation pit engineering monitoring is very important, especially deep foundation pit engineering monitoring in the construction process.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for measuring horizontal displacement of the top of a foundation pit slope and displacement of soil body on a shallow layer of the slope, which has simple steps and simple operation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the inventor obtains the technical scheme of the invention through practice and summary, and the invention discloses a method for measuring the displacement of the top of a foundation pit side slope and the soil body at the shallow layer of the side slope, which comprises the following steps:
step one, determining the number and positions of monitoring points and detection points according to engineering foundation pit design drawings and specifications;
step two, simultaneously determining the number and the positions of the inclinometer pipes according to the foundation pit detection points;
step three, prefabricating an inclinometer pipe, wherein the inclinometer pipe is arranged in a multi-section manner, a fixing frame is arranged in the inclinometer pipe, the fixing frame is fixedly connected with the inclinometer pipe, and a distance measuring piece is arranged in the fixing frame;
the middle of the inclinometer pipe is inserted with a displacement measuring rod, the head of the displacement measuring rod extends out of the inclinometer pipe, and the bottom of the displacement measuring rod is fixedly connected with the bottom of the inclinometer pipe; the distance measuring piece is suitable for detecting the distance between the distance measuring piece and the displacement measuring rod in the inclinometer pipe;
driving the inclinometer pipe into the detection point to ensure that the inclinometer pipe is parallel to the slope top of the slope during driving;
step five, welding a connecting rod on the displacement measuring rod, wherein a supporting rod is arranged at one end of the connecting rod, which is far away from the inclinometer pipe, and the supporting rod is perpendicular to the connecting rod; the ends of the supporting rod and the connecting rod are provided with a pointing needle;
step six, manufacturing a monitoring pile: selecting galvanized round steel, cutting a cross mark with the width of 2mm at the top, driving a monitoring pile into the top of the slope, and leaking out of the top of the slope by 50mm;
welding two groups of galvanized flat irons of the vertical support rod and the connecting rod at the leakage part, wherein graduated scales are arranged at the ends of the two groups of galvanized flat irons, and the pointing needle points to the zero position of the graduated scales;
and seventhly, arranging a level pipe at the top of the inclinometer pipe, judging whether the soil body is deflected up and down according to whether the air bubbles of the level pipe are deflected, and judging whether the soil body is deflected horizontally according to the deflection of the detection pointing needle. Judging whether the side earthwork problem of the foundation pit is displacement of the shallow soil body.
Specifically, the invention is used for preliminarily detecting displacement conditions of a plurality of soil bodies, is mainly applied to the condition that an underground structure is loose or complex, realizes levelness and offset detection at two points by arranging the monitoring piles and the inclinometer pipes, and can be provided with a processing element and a buzzer for prompting monitoring personnel geological changes by alarming after the offset of the ranging sensor reaches the standard.
In a further technical scheme, the pointing needle is triangular and is galvanized flat iron with the thickness of 4mm, and the height of the pointing needle is lower than that of the graduated scale.
In a further technical scheme, the inclinometer tube is a hard PVC tube, a leveling tube is fixedly arranged at the top of the displacement measuring rod, and the leveling tube is parallel to the connecting rod.
In a further technical scheme, the connecting rod is 6mm galvanized round steel, and the diameter of the monitoring pile is 20mm galvanized round steel.
In a further technical scheme, the fixing frame comprises an annular plate, a bracket part is integrally connected in the annular plate, the bracket part is I-shaped, the bracket part is circumferentially arranged in the annular plate, mounting parts are arranged in the bracket part at intervals, a ranging sensor is arranged in the mounting parts, and the output end of the ranging sensor is suitable for being corresponding to the central vertical line of a displacement measuring rod; the displacement measuring rod is suitable for being inserted into the middle of the plurality of groups of bracket parts.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can obtain the following technical effects:
the invention is used for preliminarily detecting displacement conditions of a plurality of soil bodies and is mainly applied to the condition that an underground structure is loose or complex.
The method for measuring the horizontal displacement of the slope top of the foundation pit and the displacement of the soil body on the shallow layer of the slope can more intuitively obtain the relative displacement value of the slope top monitoring point and the soil body on the shallow layer, judge whether the soil body is deviated according to whether the level pipe is deviated or not so as to judge whether the change happens to the change of the displacement value caused by the change of the soil body on the shallow layer or the change of the displacement value caused by the monitoring point on the slope top, and is different from the traditional direct measurement data of the drop monitoring, related personnel can obtain whether the deviation happens during normal inspection without erecting an instrument, and the point with the displacement exceeding the early warning value can be erected again.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a top plan view of the installation of the present invention at the top of a slope;
FIG. 2 is a side mounting schematic of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a distance measuring device according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a connecting rod, a pointing needle, a monitoring pile, a supporting rod, a graduated scale, an inclinometer, a displacement measuring rod, an annular plate, a leveling pipe and a bracket, wherein the connecting rod is arranged in the connecting rod, the pointing needle is arranged in the connecting rod, the monitoring pile is arranged in the monitoring pile, the supporting rod is arranged in the supporting rod, the graduated scale is arranged in the graduated scale, the inclinometer is arranged in the inclinometer, the displacement measuring rod is arranged in the inclinometer, the annular plate is arranged in the connecting rod, the leveling pipe is arranged in the annular plate, and the leveling pipe is arranged in the leveling pipe and the bracket is arranged in the bracket; 11. a mounting part; 12. a distance measuring sensor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The principles of the invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in one embodiment of the present invention, a method for measuring the displacement of the top and shallow soil of a foundation pit slope includes the following steps:
step one, determining the number and positions of monitoring points and detection points according to engineering foundation pit design drawings and specifications;
step two, simultaneously determining the number and the positions of the inclinometer pipes 6 according to the foundation pit detection points;
step three, prefabricating an inclinometer 6, wherein the inclinometer 6 is arranged in a plurality of sections, a fixing frame is arranged in the inclinometer 6 and fixedly connected with the inclinometer 6, and a distance measuring piece is arranged in the fixing frame;
a displacement measuring rod 7 is inserted in the middle of the inclinometer 6, the head of the displacement measuring rod 7 extends out of the inclinometer 6, and the bottom of the displacement measuring rod 7 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the inclinometer 6; the distance measuring piece is suitable for detecting the distance between the distance measuring piece and the displacement measuring rod 7 in the inclinometer tube 6;
driving the inclinometer pipe 6 into the detection point to ensure that the inclinometer pipe 6 is parallel to the slope top during driving;
fifthly, welding the connecting rod 1 on the displacement measuring rod 7, wherein a supporting rod 4 is arranged at one end of the connecting rod 1, which is far away from the inclinometer pipe 6, and the supporting rod 4 is vertical to the connecting rod 1; the ends of the supporting rod 4 and the connecting rod 1 are provided with a pointing needle 2;
step six, manufacturing a monitoring pile 3: selecting galvanized round steel, cutting a cross mark with the width of 2mm at the top, driving the monitoring pile 3 into the top of the slope, and leaking out of the top of the slope by 50mm;
welding two groups of galvanized flat irons of the vertical support rod 4 and the connecting rod 1 at the leakage part, wherein graduated scales 5 are arranged at the ends of the two groups of galvanized flat irons, and the pointing needle 2 points to the zero position of the graduated scales 5;
and seventhly, arranging a leveling pipe 9 at the top of the inclinometer 6, judging whether the soil body is vertically deflected according to whether the air bubbles of the leveling pipe 9 are deflected, and judging whether the soil body is horizontally deflected according to the deflection of the detection pointing needle 2.
The pointing needle 2 is triangular, is galvanized flat iron with the thickness of 4mm, and the height of the pointing needle 2 is lower than that of the graduated scale 5. The inclinometer is characterized in that the inclinometer 6 is a hard PVC pipe, a leveling pipe 9 is fixedly arranged at the top of the displacement measuring rod 7, and the leveling pipe 9 is parallel to the connecting rod 1. The connecting rod 1 is 6mm galvanized round steel, and the diameter of the monitoring pile 3 is 20mm galvanized round steel. The inclinometer 6 is a 28mm galvanized steel pipe, and the embodiment solves the problem that the position of a foundation pit side slope or a shallow soil body is preliminarily detected in the prior art, is mainly used for monitoring soil quality near the foundation pit, and the detection point can be a detected more complex underground position or a wiring concentrated position.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, in another embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of example 1, the fixing frame includes an annular plate 8, a bracket portion 10 is integrally connected in the annular plate 8, the bracket portion 10 is in an i shape, the bracket portion 10 is circumferentially disposed in the annular plate 8, mounting portions 11 are disposed in the bracket portion 10 at intervals, a ranging sensor 12 is mounted in the mounting portions, and an output end of the ranging sensor 12 is adapted to be corresponding to a central vertical line of the displacement measuring rod 7; the displacement measuring rod 7 is adapted to be inserted in the middle of the sets of bracket parts 10.
The invention is used for preliminarily detecting displacement conditions of a plurality of soil bodies and is mainly applied to the condition that an underground structure is loose or complex.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A method for measuring the displacement of the top of a foundation pit side slope and the soil body at the shallow layer of the side slope is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: step one, determining the number and positions of monitoring points and detection points according to engineering foundation pit design drawings and specifications; step two, simultaneously determining the number and the positions of the inclinometer pipes (6) according to the foundation pit detection points; step three, prefabricating an inclinometer pipe (6), wherein the inclinometer pipe (6) is arranged in a multi-section manner, a fixing frame is arranged in the inclinometer pipe, the fixing frame is fixedly connected with the inclinometer pipe (6), and a distance measuring piece is arranged in the fixing frame; a displacement measuring rod (7) is inserted in the middle of the inclinometer pipe (6), the head of the displacement measuring rod (7) extends out of the inclinometer pipe (6), and the bottom of the displacement measuring rod (7) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the inclinometer pipe (6); the distance measuring piece is suitable for detecting the distance between the distance measuring piece and the displacement measuring rod (7) in the inclinometer tube (6); driving an inclinometer pipe (6) into the detection point to ensure that the inclinometer pipe (6) is parallel to the slope top during driving; fifthly, welding the connecting rod (1) on the displacement measuring rod (7), wherein a supporting rod (4) is arranged at one end of the connecting rod (1) far away from the inclinometer pipe (6), and the supporting rod (4) is perpendicular to the connecting rod (1); the end parts of the supporting rod (4) and the connecting rod (1) are provided with a pointing needle (2); step six, manufacturing a monitoring pile (3): a galvanized round steel is selected, a cross mark with the width of 2mm is cut at the top, a monitoring pile (3) is driven into the slope top and leaks out of the slope top by 50mm, two groups of galvanized flat irons of a vertical supporting rod (4) and a connecting rod (1) are welded at the leaking part, graduated scales (5) are arranged at the ends of the two groups of galvanized flat irons, and a pointing needle (2) points to the zero point position of the graduated scales (5); and seventhly, arranging a leveling pipe (9) at the top of the inclinometer pipe (6), judging whether the soil body is vertically offset according to whether the air bubbles of the leveling pipe (9) are offset, and judging whether the soil body is horizontally offset according to the offset of the detection pointing needle (2).
2. The method for measuring the displacement of the top of a foundation pit slope and the soil body on the shallow layer of the slope according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the pointing needle (2) is triangular and is galvanized flat iron with the thickness of 4mm, and the height of the pointing needle (2) is lower than that of the graduated scale (5).
3. The method for measuring the displacement of the top of a foundation pit slope and the soil body on the shallow layer of the slope according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the inclinometer is characterized in that the inclinometer tube (6) is a hard PVC tube, a leveling tube (9) is fixedly arranged at the top of the displacement measuring rod (7), and the leveling tube (9) is parallel to the connecting rod (1).
4. The method for measuring the displacement of the top of a foundation pit slope and the soil body on the shallow layer of the slope according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the connecting rod (1) is made of galvanized round steel with the diameter of 6mm, and the diameter of the monitoring pile (3) is made of galvanized round steel with the diameter of 20 mm.
5. The method for measuring the displacement of the top of a foundation pit slope and the soil body on the shallow layer of the slope according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the fixing frame comprises an annular plate (8), a support part (10) is integrally connected in the annular plate (8), the support part (10) is I-shaped, the support part (10) is circumferentially arranged in the annular plate (8), mounting parts (11) are arranged in the support part (10) at intervals, a ranging sensor (12) is arranged in the mounting parts, and the output end of the ranging sensor (12) is suitable for being corresponding to the central vertical line of a displacement measuring rod (7); the displacement measuring rod (7) is suitable for being inserted into the middle of a plurality of groups of bracket parts (10).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310326605.9A CN116254886A (en) | 2023-03-30 | 2023-03-30 | Method for measuring displacement of foundation pit side slope top and side slope shallow soil body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310326605.9A CN116254886A (en) | 2023-03-30 | 2023-03-30 | Method for measuring displacement of foundation pit side slope top and side slope shallow soil body |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116254886A true CN116254886A (en) | 2023-06-13 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310326605.9A Pending CN116254886A (en) | 2023-03-30 | 2023-03-30 | Method for measuring displacement of foundation pit side slope top and side slope shallow soil body |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116254886A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-03-30 CN CN202310326605.9A patent/CN116254886A/en active Pending
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