CN116254053A - 一种水性环保无铜防污涂料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于化工涂料技术领域，公开了一种水性环保无铜防污涂料及其制备方法，所述水性环保无铜防污涂料，按重量份计，包括以下组分：去离子水20‑25份、乙二醇丁醚1.5‑3.0份、羟乙基纤维素0.5‑1.5份、流变助剂1.5‑3.5份、消泡剂0.2‑0.4份、分散剂0.2‑0.6份、氧化锌15‑30份、氧化铁红4‑6份、吡啶硫酮铜10‑20份、敌草隆6‑10份、松香乳化液15‑30份、氯乙烯共聚物乳液10‑20份、PH调节剂1‑3份、成膜助剂3‑6份。本发明通过对松香树脂的乳化、氯乙烯共聚物乳液以及吡啶硫酮铜类和敌草隆的作用，得到的水性环保无铜防污涂料具有广谱、高效、低毒的防污效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化工涂料技术领域，尤其涉及一种水性环保无铜防污涂料及其制备方法，应用于海水、淡水中的船舶、海洋结构物、管道等防污工程中。
背景技术
世界各海区的生物有18000多种是附着动物，600多种是附着植物。船底附着海生物后，增加阻力，降低航速，燃料耗用量增加，机械的磨损增大。海生物的附着还破坏漆膜，加速钢板的腐蚀，不仅增加了船舶的维修保养次数和时间，而且降低了船舶的在航率。对舰艇来说，海生物极大地影响航速，若海生物附着在声呐罩上，则干扰声的侦察性能，削弱了军舰的战斗力。
迄今为止，涂覆船舶防污涂料仍然是防止海洋生物附着的最经济而有效的措施。防污损效果主要是依靠氧化亚铜的渗出来达到，较有机锡类防污涂料危害小，虽然符合当前的环保要求，但是仍存在较为严重的环境危害性。氧化亚铜对海洋环境危害极大，因此无铜/低铜、低毒高效环保的防污涂料一直是污损防除研究的重点和热点方向。溶剂型无锡自抛光防污涂料使用的成膜物质为高分子树脂，生物降解速度差，溶解性不好。生物降解高分子材料在防污涂料中的应用方面，国际上相关的研究近几年才开展起来，还未见到有成熟的防污涂料产品问世。当前，在生物降解型防污涂料的研究中，存在着制备生物可降解高分子材料的原材料价格较高、大多数合成的生物降解型树脂在防污涂料的常用溶剂中溶解性能不良、生物降解速度不好控制、耐海水浸泡性能差以及防污期效短等诸多问题需要解决。
随着国家环保政策日趋严厉及人们环保安全意识的增强，对于溶剂型涂料工业来说，在产品的生产过程中和涂装使用阶段，都需要使用二甲苯、甲苯、芳烃、正丁醇、醋酸丁酯、PMA等有机溶剂，这些溶剂不仅在生产环节污染环境，而且在应用环节中也会污染环境，溶剂的发也增加了成本。因此，水性环保防污涂料的研究越来越受到重视。
发明内容
根据以上现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种水性环保无铜防污涂料及其制备方法，提供了一种低毒、高效、环保、可生物降解的防污涂料。
为实现以上目的，所采用的技术方案是：
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种水性环保无铜防污涂料，按重量份计，包括以下组分：
进一步，所述松香乳化液为将松香树脂进行乳化处理得到。
进一步，所述羟乙基纤维素20℃时2％的水溶液中的粘度为50000-60000mpa.s。
进一步，所述成膜助剂为醇酯十二。
进一步，所述流变助剂为聚酰胺蜡粉。
再进一步，所述分散剂为巴斯夫4560，所述消泡剂为迪高825。
本发明的目的之二在于提供一种上述水性环保无铜防污涂料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)按选定的重量份数将所述去离子水、乙二醇丁醚混合均匀后，将羟乙基纤维素按重量投料，低速搅拌至完全溶解；
(2)按选定的重量份数将分散剂、流变助剂、消泡剂投料到步骤(1)中，中速搅拌均匀；
(3)按选定的重量份数向步骤(2)中依次加入所述氧化锌、氧化铁红、吡啶硫酮铜、敌草隆混合，并高速分散至细度50-80微米以下；
(4)按选定的重量份数将所述松香乳化液、氯乙烯共聚物乳液投料到步骤(3)中，慢速搅拌均匀后；
(5)按选定的重量份数将所述PH调节剂慢速投料到步骤(4)中，并低速搅拌均匀；
(6)按选定的重量份数将所述成膜助剂慢速投料到步骤(5)中，慢速搅拌15分钟均匀后，过滤即得。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：
本发明通过对松香树脂的乳化使松香乳化液能更好地溶解在水里，在海水中会慢慢溶解、漆膜内的毒料可稳定地逐步向海水渗出，在溶解的过程中不产生皂化层；氯乙烯共聚物乳液的使用因为氯乙烯基的存在，极性强，具有优异的附着力、耐海水特性。可降解有机防污体系使用了环保型有机防污剂吡啶硫酮铜类、敌草隆，其具有广谱、高效、低毒的防污效果。
具体实施方式
以下结合实例对本发明进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。
实施例1
一种水性环保无铜防污涂料，按重量份计，包括以下组分：
所述水性环保无铜防污涂料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)按选定的重量份数将所述去离子水、乙二醇丁醚混合均匀后，将羟乙基纤维素按重量投料，低速搅拌至完全溶解；
(2)按选定的重量份数将分散剂、流变助剂、消泡剂投料到步骤(1)中，中速搅拌均匀；
(3)按选定的重量份数向步骤(2)中依次加入所述氧化锌、氧化铁红、吡啶硫酮铜、敌草隆混合，并高速分散至细度50-80微米以下；
(4)按选定的重量份数将所述松香乳化液、氯乙烯共聚物乳液投料到步骤(3)中，慢速搅拌均匀后；
(5)按选定的重量份数将所述PH调节剂慢速投料到步骤(4)中，并低速搅拌均匀；
(6)按选定的重量份数将所述成膜助剂慢速投料到步骤(5)中，慢速搅拌15分钟均匀后，过滤即得。
实施例2
一种水性环保无铜防污涂料，按重量份计，包括以下组分：
所述水性环保无铜防污涂料的制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3
一种水性环保无铜防污涂料，按重量份计，包括以下组分：
所述水性环保无铜防污涂料的制备方法同实施例1。
对比例1
对比例1与实施例1的区别在于不含有吡啶硫酮铜和敌草隆，其余组分及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例2
对比例1与实施例1的区别在于不含有氯乙烯共聚物乳液，其余组分及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
对比例3
对比例1与实施例1的区别在于其为未经乳化的松香，其余组分及制备方法均与实施例1相同。
测试
将实施例1-3以及对比例1-3制备得到的水性环保无铜防污涂料进行防污漆海生物覆盖面积测试，测试结果如表1所示。
表1.实施例1-3以及对比例1-3防污漆海生物覆盖面积测试结果
| 性能指标 | 3个月 | 6个月 | 9个用 | 12个月 | 15个月 | 18个月 |
| 对比例1 | 42％ | 100％ | 100％ | 100％ | 100％ | 100％ |
| 对比例2 | 0％ | 60％ | 100％ | 100％ | 100％ | 100％ |
| 对比例3 | 45％ | 100％ | 100％ | 100％ | 100％ | 100％ |
| 实施例1 | 0％ | 2％ | 6％ | 35％ | 50％ | 86％ |
| 实施例2 | 0％ | 0％ | 0％ | 0％ | 6％ | 18％ |
| 实施例3 | 0％ | 0％ | 0％ | 0％ | 1％ | 7％ |
从表1可以看出，本发明制备得到的水性环保无铜防污涂料通过对松香树脂的乳化、氯乙烯共聚物乳液的使用、以及环保型有机防污剂吡啶硫酮铜类和敌草隆的作用，得到的水性环保无铜防污涂料具有广谱、高效、低毒的防污效果，产生了优异的防污漆海生物覆盖效果。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种水性环保无铜防污涂料，其特征在于，按重量份计，包括以下组分：
2.根据权利要求1所述水性环保无铜防污涂料，其特征在于，所述松香乳化液为将松香树脂进行乳化处理得到。
3.根据权利要求1所述水性环保无铜防污涂料，其特征在于，所述羟乙基纤维素20℃时2％的水溶液中的粘度为50000-60000mpa.s。
4.根据权利要求1所述水性环保无铜防污涂料，其特征在于，所述成膜助剂为醇酯十二。
5.根据权利要求1所述水性环保无铜防污涂料，其特征在于，所述流变助剂为聚酰胺蜡粉。
6.根据权利要求1所述水性环保无铜防污涂料，其特征在于，所述分散剂为巴斯夫4560，所述消泡剂为迪高825。
7.一种如权利要求1所述水性环保无铜防污涂料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)按选定的重量份数将所述去离子水、乙二醇丁醚混合均匀后，将羟乙基纤维素按重量投料，低速搅拌至完全溶解；
(2)按选定的重量份数将分散剂、流变助剂、消泡剂投料到步骤(1)中，中速搅拌均匀；
(3)按选定的重量份数向步骤(2)中依次加入所述氧化锌、氧化铁红、吡啶硫酮铜、敌草隆混合，并高速分散至细度50-80微米以下；
(4)按选定的重量份数将所述松香乳化液、氯乙烯共聚物乳液投料到步骤(3)中，慢速搅拌均匀后；
(5)按选定的重量份数将所述PH调节剂慢速投料到步骤(4)中，并低速搅拌均匀；
(6)按选定的重量份数将所述成膜助剂慢速投料到步骤(5)中，慢速搅拌15分钟均匀后，过滤即得。
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| CN110655838A (zh) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-07 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | 一种甜菜碱型离子液改性涂料及其制备方法和应用 |
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| CN111574900A (zh) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-08-25 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | 一种水性自抛光防污涂料及其制备方法和应用 |
| US20210301153A1 (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-09-30 | Chugoku Marine Paints, Ltd. | Waterborne antifouling coating material composition |
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