CN116247423A - Electromagnetic coupling feed broadband wave beam airborne circularly polarized antenna - Google Patents

Electromagnetic coupling feed broadband wave beam airborne circularly polarized antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116247423A
CN116247423A CN202211617369.8A CN202211617369A CN116247423A CN 116247423 A CN116247423 A CN 116247423A CN 202211617369 A CN202211617369 A CN 202211617369A CN 116247423 A CN116247423 A CN 116247423A
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feed
broadband
dielectric plate
electromagnetic coupling
antenna
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王卫
崔文
孔璇
范祥辉
张宇烜
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Xian Aeronautics Computing Technique Research Institute of AVIC
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Xian Aeronautics Computing Technique Research Institute of AVIC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
    • H01Q1/285—Aircraft wire antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/378—Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
    • H01Q5/385—Two or more parasitic elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an electromagnetic coupling feed broadband wave beam airborne circular polarization antenna, belongs to an airborne wireless communication technology, realizes the airborne circular polarization antenna which obtains broadband wave beam characteristics through electromagnetic coupling feed, provides required wide-angle domain network coverage of airborne wireless communication, can support the reception of multiple polarizations of an antenna of ground terminal equipment, and ensures the effective access of wireless communication.

Description

Electromagnetic coupling feed broadband wave beam airborne circularly polarized antenna
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of supporting devices, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic coupling feed broadband bandwidth wave beam airborne circularly polarized antenna.
Background
The traditional airborne antenna generally adopts a linearly polarized monopole antenna, but the phenomenon of polarization mismatch (polarization mismatch refers to that the received signal quality is poor) can occur when the aircraft is in different directions, so that the communication effect is greatly reduced. The latitude is improved, when the circularly polarized wave encounters an obstacle, the polarization is reversed, polarization isolation exists between the reflected wave and the direct wave, the reflected wave and the direct wave can be easily identified by the circularly polarized antenna, and the circularly polarized antenna can receive any linearly polarized wave. Therefore, the circularly polarized antenna has the advantages of multipath resistance, improved polarization matching efficiency, faraday rotation effect cancellation and the like, and is widely used in civil and military fields. When an on-board device communicates with a ground terminal device, wideband beam technology of an antenna becomes a key technology in order to increase coverage and transmission rate between devices.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam airborne circularly polarized antenna is provided, which uses an electromagnetic coupling feed, a broadband phase-shifting network and a parasitic radiator to realize broadband and broadband beam characteristics, and realizes the broadband beam circularly polarized antenna with the characteristics of broadband, wide beam width, low profile, simple structure, low axial ratio and the like.
A multimode hierarchical fault reconstruction method, an electromagnetic coupling feeds the airborne circular polarized aerial of wide band wide wave beam, the said aerial includes five layers of dielectric plates that set up sequentially from top to bottom, and is wrapped up by the cylindrical metal sleeve structure, it surrounds the circumference in main radiator of the aerial;
the first layer is four parasitic radiation patches printed on the upper layer of the upper dielectric plate, and each parasitic radiation patch is a sector patch;
the second dielectric plate is a PMI foam supporting layer, and the appearance of the second dielectric plate is matched with that of the dielectric plate;
the third dielectric plate comprises a hollow circular main radiation patch printed on the top surface of the third dielectric plate and four feeding sheets with rotation symmetry characteristics on the bottom surface, wherein: the hollow circular main radiation patch is used for generating a main radiation mode of the antenna, and four feed pieces with rotation symmetry characteristics are arranged for exciting the hollow circular main radiation patch to generate radiation;
the fourth dielectric plate is a PMI foam supporting layer and comprises a PMI foam medium and four inner feed probes, wherein the PMI foam medium is used for the four inner feed probes, and the four inner feed probes and the feed sheet feed the feed sheet;
the fifth dielectric plate comprises a feed network printed on the upper layer and a metal floor printed on the lower layer, wherein the feed network and the metal floor are used for changing the amplitude and the phase of radio frequency signals so as to realize the broadband and circularly polarized receiving and transmitting functions of the antenna;
the hollow circular main radiation patch is excited by electromagnetic coupling feed of four feed pieces, and each feed piece is connected with a feed network on the upper layer of the fifth dielectric plate through a feed probe structure and is used for normal radiation of the wide-beam circular polarized antenna.
The beneficial effects are that:
the invention designs an electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam airborne circularly polarized antenna based on an electromagnetic coupling feed structure, a parasitic radiation patch and a cylindrical metal sleeve. In order to widen the impedance bandwidth of the antenna, an electromagnetic coupling feed structure is adopted, an additional resonance point is generated by introducing an inductor and a capacitor, and a fan-shaped parasitic radiation patch is loaded, so that the parasitic patch generates the resonance point at high frequency. The antenna is subjected to sectional matching by optimizing the geometric parameters of the fan-shaped parasitic patch and the feeding patch, so that the curves of the high frequency band and the low frequency band are smooth and communicated, and the effect of a broadband is achieved. In order to increase the beam width of the antenna, a cylindrical metal sleeve is added around the antenna, and the electric field component in the vertical direction is increased, so that the effect of widening the beam width is achieved, the wilkinson power divider is used for providing equal-amplitude and same-direction excitation, circular polarization is achieved, radiation patches are excited indirectly, and meanwhile, patch resistors are loaded on the wilkinson power divider, so that the isolation between two output ports is further improved. In addition, a stable phase difference can be maintained in a wide frequency band by the broadband phase shifter. And the floor is placed below the antenna, so that the radiation pattern of the antenna has good directivity, and the maximum radiation direction is ensured to be positioned right above the antenna in the whole working frequency band. The antenna has the advantages of wide frequency band, wide beam width, low section, simple structure, low axial ratio and the like, and is suitable for the field of airborne wireless communication.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a perspective structure of the electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam airborne circularly polarized antenna;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the overall structure of the electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam airborne circularly polarized antenna;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the overall structure of the electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam airborne circularly polarized antenna;
fig. 4 is a bottom view of the feeding network of the electromagnetic coupling feeding broadband beam airborne circularly polarized antenna;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the main Wilkinson power divider of the electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam airborne circularly polarized antenna;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a 180 DEG broadband phase shifter of the electromagnetic coupling feed broadband bandwidth beam on-board circularly polarized antenna;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a 90 DEG broadband phase shifter of the electromagnetic coupling feed broadband bandwidth beam on-board circularly polarized antenna;
FIG. 8 is a standing wave ratio graph of the electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam on-board circularly polarized antenna;
FIG. 9 is a main polarization and cross polarization pattern of the electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam airborne circularly polarized antenna at the XOZ plane of 5.125 GHz;
FIG. 10 is a diagram of the main polarization and cross polarization of the electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam on-board circularly polarized antenna at YOZ plane of 5.125 GHz;
FIG. 11 is a main polarization and cross polarization pattern of the electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam airborne circularly polarized antenna at the XOZ plane of 5.5 GHz;
FIG. 12 is a diagram of the main polarization and cross polarization of the electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam on-board circularly polarized antenna at the YOZ plane of 5.5 GHz;
FIG. 13 is a main polarization and cross polarization pattern of the electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam airborne circularly polarized antenna at the XOZ plane of 5.875 GHz;
FIG. 14 is a diagram of the main polarization and cross polarization of the electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam on-board circularly polarized antenna at YOZ plane of 5.875 GHz;
FIG. 15 is an axial ratio graph of the electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam on-board circularly polarized antenna;
fig. 16 is a main polarization gain curve diagram of the electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam on-board circularly polarized antenna, wherein:
1. a first dielectric plate; 2. a second dielectric plate; 3. a third dielectric plate; 4. a fourth dielectric plate; 5. a fifth dielectric plate; 6. parasitic radiating patches; 7. a primary radiating patch; 8. a feeding sheet; 9. a feed probe; 10. a feed network; 11. a cylindrical metal sleeve; 12. a hollow hole; 13. a feed input port; 14. a main wilkinson power divider; 15. a resistance of 100 Ω; 16. a 180 DEG broadband phase shifter; 17. an output port; 181. a first-stage wilkinson power divider; 182. a second-stage wilkinson power divider; 191. a first 90 DEG broadband phase shifter; 191. a second 90 deg. broadband phase shifter.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Other advantages and effects of the present disclosure will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes embodiments of the present disclosure by way of specific examples. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are merely some, but not all embodiments of the present disclosure. The disclosure may be embodied or practiced in other different specific embodiments, and details within the subject specification may be modified or changed from various points of view and applications without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort, based on the embodiments in this disclosure are intended to be within the scope of this disclosure.
It is noted that various aspects of the embodiments are described below within the scope of the following claims. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein may be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any specific structure and/or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the present disclosure, one skilled in the art will appreciate that one aspect described herein may be implemented independently of any other aspect, and that two or more of these aspects may be combined in various ways. For example, an apparatus may be implemented and/or a method practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, such apparatus may be implemented and/or such methods practiced using other structure and/or functionality in addition to one or more of the aspects set forth herein.
As shown in fig. 1, the electromagnetic coupling feed broadband wave beam airborne circularly polarized antenna comprises five layers of dielectric plates which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and is wrapped by a cylindrical metal sleeve structure 11, the antenna surrounds the circumference of a main radiator of the antenna, the center frequency of the antenna is 5.5GHz, the relative impedance bandwidth is not less than 15%, and the axial ratio bandwidth is not less than 20%; the half-power beam width is larger than 100 degrees, the in-band gain is gentle, and the gain is not smaller than 5.5dB, wherein:
the first layer is provided with four parasitic radiation patches 6 printed on the top surface of the first dielectric plate 1, and each parasitic radiation patch is a sector patch 6;
the second layer is a second dielectric plate 2, the second dielectric plate 2 is a PMI foam supporting layer, and the appearance is matched with that of the first dielectric plate 1;
the third layer is a third dielectric plate 3, and the third dielectric plate 3 comprises a hollow circular main radiation patch 7 printed on the top surface of the third dielectric plate and four feeding sheets 8 with rotation symmetry characteristics on the bottom surface, wherein: the hollow circular main radiation patch 7 is used for generating a main radiation mode of the antenna, and four feeding sheets 8 with rotation symmetry characteristics are arranged for exciting the hollow circular main radiation patch 7 to generate radiation;
the fourth layer is a fourth dielectric plate, the fourth dielectric plate 4 is a PMI foam supporting layer and comprises a PMI foam medium and four inner feed probes 9, wherein the PMI foam medium is used for feeding the four inner feed probes 9, the four inner feed probes 9 and the feed sheet 8 to the feed sheet 8;
the fifth layer is a fifth dielectric plate 5, and the fifth dielectric plate 5 comprises a feed network 10 printed on the top surface of the fifth dielectric plate and a metal floor on the bottom surface of the fifth dielectric plate, wherein the feed network and the metal floor are used for changing the amplitude and the phase of radio frequency signals, so that the broadband and circular polarization receiving and transmitting functions of the antenna are realized. The antenna further comprises a cylindrical metal sleeve structure 11 surrounding the main radiator of the antenna. The hollow circular main radiation patch 7 is excited by electromagnetic coupling feed of four feed pieces 8, and the feed pieces are connected with a feed network 10 on the upper layer of the fifth dielectric plate 5 through a feed probe 9 structure and are used for normal radiation of the wide-beam circular polarized antenna;
the hollow circular main radiation patch 7 is excited by electromagnetic coupling feeding of four feeding patches 8, each feeding patch being connected by a feeding probe 9 structure to a feeding network 10 on the top surface of the fifth dielectric plate 5 for normal radiation of the wide beam circular polarized antenna.
The medium plates selected from the first layer, the third layer and the fifth layer 5 are all F4B, the thicknesses of the medium plates are respectively 0.25mm,0.25mm and 0.25mm, the thicknesses of the PMI foam mediums selected from the second layer 2 and the fourth layer 4 are respectively 0.5mm and 2.5mm, the medium plates are all round structures with the same area, and the fifth medium plate 5 is a round structure with the area not smaller than that of the upper layer.
As a specific embodiment provided in the present case, four fan-shaped parasitic radiation patches 6 are arranged in a rotationally symmetrical manner, and adjacent parasitic radiation patches have an included angle of 90 ° with the antenna as the center. As shown in fig. 2, four fan-shaped parasitic radiation patches 6 are uniformly distributed around the top layer of the first dielectric plate 1, and each fan-shaped patch has an angle θ1 and a radius R3. The circular main radiation paster 7 of cavity is located the top layer of third dielectric plate 3, and its radius is R1, and the radius of cavity is R2, and feed piece 8 is located the lower floor of third dielectric plate 3, and its length is L1, and width is W1, wherein: as shown in fig. 4, the feed network 7 includes a main wilkinson power divider 14, a feed port 13, 4 output ports 17, a 180 ° broadband phase shifter 16, a first secondary wilkinson power divider 181, a second secondary wilkinson power divider 182, a plurality of 100deg.C resistors 15, and 4 broadband phase shifters.
Fig. 5 shows the connection mode of the main wilkinson power divider, wherein 100 Ω resistors 15 are respectively arranged between two power supply lines with different pitches, the ends of the power supply lines are ports of one-to-two, one port is connected to the second secondary wilkinson power divider 182 through power supply, and the other port is connected to the 180 ° broadband phase shifter 16 shown in fig. 5. The two-in-one feed network consisting of the main wilkinson power divider and the 180-degree broadband phase shifter provides a phase difference of 0 degree and 180 degrees respectively, and specifically,
the feed network 10 printed on the top surface of the fifth dielectric plate 5 includes 0 °,90 °,180 ° and 270 ° four output ports connected to the bottoms of the four feed probes 9, respectively, the feed network includes a feed input port 13 and a main wilkinson power divider 14 connected to the feed input port 13, the main wilkinson power divider 14 is provided with a 100deg.C resistor, one end is connected with a 180 ° broadband phase shifter 16 for delaying the phase by 180 °, and the other end is connected with a first second wilkinson power divider 181, where:
the 180-degree broadband phase shifter 16 is connected with a second-stage Wilkinson power divider 182 for outputting two paths of equal-power signals, one end of the second-stage Wilkinson power divider 182 is connected with a first 90-degree broadband phase shifter 191, the first 90-degree broadband phase shifter 191 is connected with a 0-degree output port, and the other end of the first 90-degree broadband phase shifter 191 is connected with a 90-degree output port;
one end of the first second-level wilkinson power divider 181 is connected to the second 90 ° broadband phase shifter 192, the second 90 ° broadband phase shifter 192 is connected to the 180 ° output port, and the other end is connected to the 270 ° output port.
Fig. 6 shows a 90 ° phase shifter 19, where the phases of the four output ports 17 are 0 °,90 °,180 °,270 ° in sequence, and the amplitudes are equal through cascading of a plurality of power splitters and phase shifters.
As the specific implementation scheme provided by the scheme, a circular hole is formed in the middle of the circular main radiation patch 7 and is used for optimizing the voltage standing wave ratio in the working frequency band of the antenna, four feed pieces 8 are printed on the other side of the circular main radiation patch, and the four feed pieces are in a rotationally symmetrical structure and correspond to the positions of the parasitic radiation patch 6 one by one. Four feed probes 9 pass through the fourth dielectric plate 4 to connect the four feed tabs 8 with respective feed network 10 portions.
As shown in fig. 4, the feed network 10 includes a primary wilkinson power divider 14, a 180 ° broadband phase shifter 16 connected to the primary wilkinson power divider, two secondary wilkinson power dividers 18, and a 90 ° broadband phase shifter 19 connected to the secondary wilkinson power divider.
In one embodiment, corresponding to the antenna parameters, the center frequency is 5.5GHz, the relative impedance bandwidth is not less than 15%, the axial ratio bandwidth reaches 20%, the half-power beam width is greater than 100 °, the in-band gain is gentle, the gain is not less than 5.5dB, and the parameters of the dielectric slab are as follows:
the radius of the first dielectric plate 1 is 7.6mm, the thickness is F4B of 0.25mm, and the dielectric constant is 2.65;
the second dielectric plate 2 has a radius of 7.6mm and a thickness of 0.5mm, and has a dielectric constant of 1.1;
the radius of the third dielectric plate 3 is 7.6mm, the thickness is F4B of 0.25mm, and the dielectric constant is 2.65;
the radius of the fourth dielectric plate 4 is 7.6mm, the thickness of the PMI foam medium is 2.5mm, and the dielectric constant is 1.1;
the radius of the fifth dielectric plate 5 is not less than 7.6mm, the thickness is F4B of 0.25mm, the dielectric constant is 2.65, the structures are closely matched with each other, and the optimized design is carried out to realize the circularly polarized antenna working in a wider band and with a wider radiation beam, other structural dimensions are shown in the table 1,
structure of the L1 W1 R1 R2 R3 θ1
Size of the device 3.93 0.55 6.9 0.69 5.87 50°
TABLE 1
Wherein: l1 is the length of the feeding sheet, and W1 is the width of the feeding sheet; r1 is the radius of the main radiation patch, and R2 is the radius of the hollow part of the main radiation patch; r3 is the radius of the fan-shaped parasitic radiation patch, and θ1 is the angle of the fan-shaped parasitic radiation patch.
The principle is as follows: an electromagnetic coupling feed structure is adopted, an additional resonance point is generated by introducing an inductor and a capacitor, and a sector parasitic radiation patch is loaded, and the parasitic patch generates the resonance point at high frequency, so that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is widened. The antenna is subjected to sectional matching by optimizing the geometric parameters of the fan-shaped parasitic patch and the feeding patch, so that the curves of the high frequency band and the low frequency band are smooth and communicated, and the effect of a broadband is achieved. The cylindrical metal sleeve is added around the antenna, the electric field component in the vertical direction is increased, and parasitic patches are loaded to change current distribution, so that the effect of widening the beam width is achieved, meanwhile, the wilkinson power divider is used for providing constant amplitude in-phase excitation, and patch resistors are loaded on the wilkinson power divider, so that the isolation between two output ports is further improved. In addition, a stable phase difference can be maintained in a wide frequency band by the broadband phase shifter. And the floor is placed below the antenna, so that the radiation pattern of the antenna has good directivity, and the maximum radiation direction is ensured to be positioned right above the antenna in the whole working frequency band.
The invention designs a novel electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam airborne circularly polarized antenna based on an electromagnetic coupling feed structure by utilizing the idea of segment matching, and the frequency bandwidth and the beam width of the broadband beam circularly polarized antenna can be quickly, conveniently and flexibly adjusted by optimizing parameter variables such as fan-shaped parasitic patches, feed pieces, sleeve heights and the like.
The application effect of this structure is shown as follows:
as shown in fig. 8, in the standing wave ratio graph of the present embodiment, the center frequency of the wideband circularly polarized antenna is 5.5GHz, and the relative impedance bandwidth is not less than 15%.
As shown in fig. 9, the dominant polarization and cross polarization pattern of the XOZ plane at 5.15GHz in this embodiment is shown, and the half power beam width of the dominant polarization pattern is 105 °.
As shown in fig. 10, in this embodiment, the polarization and cross polarization patterns of the YOZ plane at 5.15GHz are shown, and the half-power beam width of the polarization pattern is 104 °.
As shown in fig. 11, the present embodiment is an XOZ plane main polarization and cross polarization pattern at 5.5GHz, the half power beam width of the main polarization pattern being 103 °.
As shown in fig. 12, the present embodiment is a YOZ plane main polarization and cross polarization pattern at 5.5GHz, and the half power beam width of the main polarization pattern is 102 °.
As shown in fig. 13, the dominant polarization and cross polarization pattern of the XOZ plane at 5.87GHz in this embodiment is shown, and the half power beam width of the dominant polarization pattern is 100 °.
As shown in fig. 14, in this embodiment, the dominant polarization and cross polarization patterns are provided at the YOZ plane of 5.875GHz, and the half power beam width of the dominant polarization pattern is 100 °.
As shown in fig. 15, an axial ratio parameter graph of the present embodiment is shown. As a preferable scheme, the center frequency of the broadband circularly polarized antenna is 5.5GHz, and the axial ratio bandwidth reaches 20%.
As shown in fig. 16, the main polarization gain curve of the present embodiment is that the gain is relatively gentle in the frequency band, and the maximum gain is not less than 5.5dB.
The foregoing is merely specific embodiments of the disclosure, but the protection scope of the disclosure is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the disclosure are intended to be covered by the protection scope of the disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. The electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam airborne circularly polarized antenna is characterized by comprising five layers of dielectric plates which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the antenna is wrapped by a cylindrical metal sleeve structure (11), and the antenna is surrounded in the circumferential direction of a main radiator of the antenna;
the first layer is formed by printing four parasitic radiation patches (6) on the top surface of the first dielectric plate (1), and each parasitic radiation patch is a sector patch (6);
the second dielectric plate (2) is a PMI foam supporting layer, and the appearance of the second dielectric plate is matched with that of the first dielectric plate (1);
the third dielectric plate (3) comprises a hollow circular main radiation patch (7) printed on the top surface of the third dielectric plate and four feeding sheets (8) with rotation symmetry characteristics on the bottom surface, wherein: the hollow circular main radiation patch (7) is used for generating a main radiation mode of the antenna, and four feed pieces (8) with rotation symmetry characteristics are arranged for exciting the hollow circular main radiation patch (7) to generate radiation;
the fourth dielectric plate (4) is a PMI foam supporting layer and comprises a PMI foam medium and four inner feed probes (9), wherein the PMI foam medium is used for feeding the four inner feed probes (9), the four inner feed probes (9) and the feed sheet (8) to the feed sheet (8);
the fifth dielectric plate (5) comprises a feed network (10) printed on the top surface of the fifth dielectric plate and a metal floor on the bottom surface of the fifth dielectric plate, wherein the feed network and the metal floor are used for changing the amplitude and the phase of radio frequency signals so as to realize the broadband and circularly polarized receiving and transmitting functions of the antenna;
the hollow circular main radiation patch (7) is excited by electromagnetic coupling feeding of four feeding sheets (8), and each feeding sheet is connected with a feeding network (10) on the top surface of the fifth dielectric plate (5) through a feeding probe (9) structure and is used for normal radiation of the wide-beam circular polarized antenna.
2. The electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam airborne circularly polarized antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that the four fan-shaped parasitic radiation patches (6) are of rotationally symmetrical layout, adjacent parasitic radiation patches having an included angle of 90 ° with the antenna as the center.
3. The electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam airborne circularly polarized antenna according to claim 2, wherein a circular hole is arranged in the middle of the circular main radiation patch (7) and is used for optimizing the voltage standing wave ratio in the working frequency band of the antenna;
four feed pieces (8) are printed on the other side of the circular main radiation patch, and the four feed pieces are in a rotationally symmetrical structure and correspond to the positions of the parasitic radiation patch (6) one by one.
4. The electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam on-board circularly polarized antenna according to claim 4, wherein the four feed probes (9) pass through the fourth dielectric plate (4) to connect the four feed tabs (8) with the feed network (10) portion respectively.
5. The electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam on-board circularly polarized antenna of claim 4, wherein the feed network (10) comprises a master wilkinson power divider (14), a 180 ° broadband phase shifter (16) connected to the master wilkinson power divider, two secondary wilkinson power dividers (18) and a 90 ° broadband phase shifter (19) connected to the slave wilkinson power divider.
6. The electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam airborne circularly polarized antenna of claim 5, wherein the first, third and fifth dielectric plates are all F4B with thickness of 0.25mm,0.25mm and 0.25mm respectively; PMI foam media selected for the second medium plate and the fourth medium plate have thicknesses of 0.5mm and 2.5mm respectively, each medium plate has a circular structure with the same area, and the fifth medium plate (5) has a circular structure with the area not smaller than that of the upper layer.
7. The electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam airborne circularly polarized antenna according to claim 6, wherein the center frequency of the antenna is 5.5GHz, the relative impedance bandwidth is not less than 15%, and the axial ratio bandwidth is not less than 20%; the half power beam width is larger than 100 degrees, the in-band gain is gentle, and the gain is not smaller than 5.5dB.
8. The electromagnetic coupling feed broadband beam on-board circularly polarized antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that the feed network (10) printed on the top surface of the fifth dielectric plate (5) comprises four output ports of 0 °,90 °,180 ° and 270 ° connected with the bottoms of the four feed probes (9), respectively, the feed network comprises a feed input port (13) and a main wilkinson power divider (14) connected with the feed input port (13), the main wilkinson power divider (14) is provided with a 100 Ω resistor, one end is connected with a 180 ° broadband phase shifter (16) for phase delay 180 °, and the other end is connected with a first second wilkinson power divider (181), wherein:
the 180-degree broadband phase shifter (16) is connected with a second-stage Wilkinson power divider (182) for outputting two paths of equal-power signals, one end of the second-stage Wilkinson power divider (182) is connected with the 90-degree broadband phase shifter (19), the first 90-degree broadband phase shifter (191) is connected with an output port of 0 degrees, and the other end of the first 90-degree broadband phase shifter is connected with an output port of 90 degrees;
one end of the first second-level Wilkinson power divider (181) is connected with a second 90-degree broadband phase shifter (192), the second 90-degree broadband phase shifter (192) is connected with a 180-degree output port, and the other end of the second-level Wilkinson power divider is connected with a 270-degree output port.
CN202211617369.8A 2022-12-15 2022-12-15 Electromagnetic coupling feed broadband wave beam airborne circularly polarized antenna Pending CN116247423A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117791156A (en) * 2024-02-26 2024-03-29 安徽大学 Small circularly polarized antenna and aircraft wireless communication method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117791156A (en) * 2024-02-26 2024-03-29 安徽大学 Small circularly polarized antenna and aircraft wireless communication method
CN117791156B (en) * 2024-02-26 2024-05-17 安徽大学 Small circularly polarized antenna and aircraft wireless communication method

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