CN116215015B - 一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN116215015B
CN116215015B CN202211557917.2A CN202211557917A CN116215015B CN 116215015 B CN116215015 B CN 116215015B CN 202211557917 A CN202211557917 A CN 202211557917A CN 116215015 B CN116215015 B CN 116215015B
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parts
layer
temperature
powder
mixing
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CN116215015A (zh
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张亮
王泽云
徐明立
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Jiangsu Huanyu Auto Parts Co ltd
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Jiangsu Huanyu Auto Parts Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚及其制备方法，属于汽车顶棚制备技术领域，包括碳纤维板材、隔热层、防水层一、防水层二、金属层、填充层、水管、水泵、包裹层，所述碳纤维板材的下方与所述隔热层粘结，所述防水层一粘结在所述隔热层的下方，所述金属层的内设有水管槽，所述水管固定连接在水管槽内，所述金属层的上表面粘结有防水层二，所述防水层一和防水层二之间固定粘结，所述填充层位于金属层的下方，且与金属层的下表面粘结，相比现有的金属顶棚，本发明的顶棚在夏季吸热性差，保温性强，汽车空调的耗电量低，使人民的出行成本降低，更能促进节能减排，使人们出行更佳环保。

Description

一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车顶棚制备技术领域，具体是涉及一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚及其制备方法。
背景技术
汽车顶棚是整车里面饰的至关重要构造组成，它对汽车的作用除了内部的装饰外，还可以有效果的起到隔热，隔音等作用。它的关键构成材质是聚氨酯泡沫材料，这样的材质有着质量轻，隔热，弹性好等诸多优点，随着汽车行业的日益发展，这样的材质在内饰领域也取得了越来越广泛的应用。
现有的汽车顶棚采用金属材质，外表烤漆，内部加装软饰，这种结构的汽车顶棚在夏季容易吸热，尤其是黑色汽车，吸热效果最佳，导致汽车内部的温度上升的很快，内部热量不易散发出去，只能通过空调对汽车内部降温，增加出行中空调使用的成本，导致汽车碳排放增加，不利于环保出行。
在冬季汽车内部又特别冷，必须开空调对车内进行升温，增加了汽车出行的耗油量，进一步增加了出行成本，因此需要一种在夏季能够有效阻热和隔热的顶棚，在冬季又能起到保暖效果的顶棚。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚及其制备方法。
本发明的技术方案是：一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚，包括碳纤维板材、隔热层、防水层一、防水层二、金属层、填充层、水管、水泵、包裹层，所述碳纤维板材的下方与所述隔热层粘结，所述防水层一粘结在所述隔热层的下方，所述金属层内设有多个水管槽，所述水管以单线来回穿插的方式活动穿插在多个水管槽内部，所述金属层的上表面粘结有防水层二，所述防水层一和防水层二之间固定粘结，所述填充层位于金属层的下方，且与金属层的下表面粘结，所述包裹层位于填充层下方，包裹层的上表面与填充层的下表面粘结，包裹层的边缘与所述金属层的边缘固定连接，所述水泵固定连接在汽车水箱内部，水泵的出水口与水管的进水口相通，水管的出水口固定连接在汽车水箱的内部。
进一步地，所述碳纤维板材有以下重量份的成分组成：80-100份碳纤维、30-40份ABS橡胶粉、10-16份高密度聚乙烯、14-25份无卤膨胀型阻燃剂、10-15份结晶Ⅱ型聚磷酸铵、0.1-1.2份抗氧化剂、8-25份硅氟胶，所述无卤膨胀型阻燃剂由磷酸、三聚氰胺、氧化锌按质量比7:3:1混合制成，所述抗氧化剂为没食子酸丙酯；碳纤维板材作为外层，导热性差，耐热性强。
进一步地，所述隔热层由以下重量份的成分组成：60-80份玉米芯颗粒、10-15漂珠、3-5份表面活性剂、5-13份缩合磷酸盐、3-8份三氧化二锑、2-5份硫酸锌、50-65份水玻璃，所述表面活性剂采用十二烷基苯磺酸钠，通过隔热层进行阻止内部热量流失，阻止外部热量进入汽车内部。
进一步地，所述金属层采用的金属由以下质量百分比的成分组成：10-15％镁、3-4％镍、1-2.2％铬、0.1-0.2％钼、18-20％钛，余量为铜，所述金属的导热性强可将水管中的水中热量快速传递给汽车内部。
进一步地，所述包裹层采用耐污纤维制成，所述耐污纤维由以下重量份的成分混纺而成：40-50份棉纤维、20-30份聚氨酯纤维、15-20份聚酰胺纤维、25-35份硅酸铝纤维。耐污纤维作为内饰，美观且耐污性好。
进一步地，所述填充层采用耐高温海绵制成，所述耐高温海绵的原料由以下重量份的成分组成：70-80份聚氧化丙烯二醇、35-45份异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、10-15份硅灰石粉、20-25份2-氨乙基十七烯基咪唑啉、4-5份改性纳米硅溶胶、10-20份水，填充层的耐高温海绵可以起到保暖和缓冲，耐高温性能佳，且防止车内人员头部与顶棚碰撞导致擦伤。
上述一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、碳纤维板材制备：
将碳纤维通过纺织机纺织成碳纤维布、再将上述重量份的ABS橡胶粉、高密度聚乙烯、无卤膨胀型阻燃剂、结晶Ⅱ型聚磷酸铵、抗氧化剂、硅氟胶放入混料机中以80-120r/min的混料速度混合15-30min后，形成涂抹液，混料温度为120-200℃，将涂抹液涂抹至碳纤维布的表面，然后将碳纤维布放入模具中冷却至室温，待碳纤维定型后，得到碳纤维板材；
S2、隔热层制备：
将上述重量份的玉米芯颗粒和漂珠放入混料机中室温下混合均匀，混料机转速120-150r/min，混料时长5-10min，混合完成后得到混合物，将上述重量份的表面活性剂、缩合磷酸盐、三氧化二锑、硫酸锌、水玻璃放入反应釜中，混合搅拌30-40min，搅拌速度为1-2h，混合温度为200-210℃，反应完成后，降低反应釜温度至80-100℃，将混合物加入反应釜继续搅拌20-30min后，得到隔热材料，对碳纤维板的下表面涂抹粘结剂，再将隔热材料倒置碳纤维板的下表面，通过模具压制形成隔热层；
S3、金属层制备：
将上述质量百分比的镁粉、镍粉、铬粉、钼粉、钛粉、铜粉放入混料机中混合均匀，混料速度120-150r/min，混料时长为20-30min，混料完成后倒入真空炉中加热至2650-3000℃，加热时长为1-2h，加热完成后得到金属熔体，再将金属熔体导入模具中冷却成型，成型后得到金属型材，再对金属型材的上表面进行打磨，打磨完成后形成金属层；
S4、防水层粘合：
对隔热层的下表面通过粘结剂粘贴防水锡纸，形成防水层一，在所述金属层的表面通过粘结剂粘结防水锡纸，形成防水层二，再将水管穿入在金属层内的水管槽中，通过粘合剂将防水层一与防水层二固定粘结；
S5、制备成品顶棚：
将上述重量份的聚氧化丙烯二醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯放入混合其中进行低速混合，混合时长为30-40min，低速混合完成后再将硅灰石粉、2-氨乙基十七烯基咪唑啉、改性纳米硅溶胶、水加入混合器中高速混合1-2min，混合完成后放入模具中发泡定型后得到耐高温海绵，再对耐高温海绵的上表面涂抹粘结剂并与金属层的下表面粘结，形成填充层，将耐污纤维通过纺织机纺织成布，形成包裹层，在包裹层的上表面涂抹粘结剂，再与填充层的下表面粘结，将水管的进水口与所述水泵的出水口相通，最终形成汽车顶棚。
进一步地，步骤S4和S5中所述粘结剂由以下重量份的成分组成：30-35份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、10-15份丙烯酸羟丙酯、3-5份丙烯酸羟乙酯、1-2份聚四氟乙烯，粘合效果好，不易产生脱落。
进一步地，步骤S3中的镁粉粒度为20-30μm、镍粉粒度为13-25μm、铬粉粒度为40-60μm、钼粉粒度为8-15μm、钛粉粒度为10-25μm、铜粉粒度为80-100μm，这种粉末粒度下导热性最强。
进一步地，步骤S5中低速混合的混合速度为80-100r/min，混合温度为30-40℃，高速混合的混合速度为200-250r/min，这种技术参数下，混料效率高。
本发明的有益效果是：
(1)相比现有的金属顶棚，本发明的顶棚在夏季吸热性差，保温性强，汽车空调的耗电量低，使人民的出行成本降低，更能促进节能减排，使人们出行更佳环保。
(2)本发明的汽车顶棚在冬季可将发动机冷却水箱的热水循环至水管中，金属层快速将热水中的热量传递至汽车内部，起到保温效果，能够降低发动机水箱水温的同时，将发动机水箱热量进行回收利用，降低汽车空调制热成本，更佳节能环保，对废弃顶棚的材料也可进行分层回收，本发明的保温层采用环保型轻质材料，造价更低，使用效果更佳。
附图说明
图1是本发明顶棚的结构示意图。
图2是本发明顶棚制备的流程图。
其中，1-碳纤维板材、2-隔热层、3-防水层一、4-防水层二、5-金属层、6-填充层、7-水管、8-水泵、9-包裹层、10-水管槽。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
如图1所示，一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚，包括碳纤维板材1、隔热层2、防水层一3、防水层二4、金属层5、填充层6、水管7、水泵8、包裹层9，碳纤维板材1的下方与隔热层2粘结，防水层一3粘结在隔热层2的下方，金属层5内设有多个水管槽10，水管7以单线来回穿插的方式活动穿插在多个水管槽10内部，金属层5的上表面粘结有防水层二4，防水层一3和防水层二4之间固定粘结，填充层6位于金属层5的下方，且与金属层5的下表面粘结，包裹层9位于填充层6下方，包裹层9的上表面与填充层6的下表面粘结，包裹层9的边缘与金属层5的边缘固定连接，水泵8固定连接在汽车水箱内部，水泵8的出水口与水管7的进水口相通，水管7的出水口固定连接在汽车水箱的内部。
碳纤维板材1有以下重量份的成分组成：80份碳纤维、30份ABS橡胶粉、10份高密度聚乙烯、14份无卤膨胀型阻燃剂、10份结晶Ⅱ型聚磷酸铵、0.1份抗氧化剂、8份硅氟胶，无卤膨胀型阻燃剂由磷酸、三聚氰胺、氧化锌按质量比7:3:1混合制成，抗氧化剂为没食子酸丙酯；碳纤维板材1作为外层，导热性差，耐热性强。
隔热层2由以下重量份的成分组成：60份玉米芯颗粒、10漂珠、3份表面活性剂、5份缩合磷酸盐、3份三氧化二锑、2份硫酸锌、50份水玻璃，表面活性剂采用十二烷基苯磺酸钠，通过隔热层2进行阻止内部热量流失，阻止外部热量进入汽车内部。
金属层5采用的金属由以下质量百分比的成分组成：10％镁、3％镍、1％铬、0.1％钼、18％钛，余量为铜，金属的导热性强可将水管7中的水中热量快速传递给汽车内部。
包裹层9采用耐污纤维制成，耐污纤维由以下重量份的成分混纺而成：40份棉纤维、20份聚氨酯纤维、15份聚酰胺纤维、25份硅酸铝纤维。耐污纤维作为内饰，美观且耐污性好。
填充层6采用耐高温海绵制成，耐高温海绵的原料由以下重量份的成分组成：70份聚氧化丙烯二醇、35份异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、10份硅灰石粉、20份2-氨乙基十七烯基咪唑啉、4份改性纳米硅溶胶、10份水，填充层的耐高温海绵可以起到保暖和缓冲，耐高温性能佳，且防止车内人员头部与顶棚碰撞导致擦伤。
实施例2：
如图1所示，一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚，包括碳纤维板材1、隔热层2、防水层一3、防水层二4、金属层5、填充层6、水管7、水泵8、包裹层9，碳纤维板材1的下方与隔热层2粘结，防水层一3粘结在隔热层2的下方，金属层5内设有多个水管槽10，水管7以单线来回穿插的方式活动穿插在多个水管槽10内部，金属层5的上表面粘结有防水层二4，防水层一3和防水层二4之间固定粘结，填充层6位于金属层5的下方，且与金属层5的下表面粘结，包裹层9位于填充层6下方，包裹层9的上表面与填充层6的下表面粘结，包裹层9的边缘与金属层5的边缘固定连接，水泵8固定连接在汽车水箱内部，水泵8的出水口与水管7的进水口相通，水管7的出水口固定连接在汽车水箱的内部。
碳纤维板材1有以下重量份的成分组成：90份碳纤维、35份ABS橡胶粉、15份高密度聚乙烯、20份无卤膨胀型阻燃剂、13份结晶Ⅱ型聚磷酸铵、1份抗氧化剂、15份硅氟胶，无卤膨胀型阻燃剂由磷酸、三聚氰胺、氧化锌按质量比7:3:1混合制成，抗氧化剂为没食子酸丙酯；碳纤维板材1作为外层，导热性差，耐热性强。
隔热层2由以下重量份的成分组成：65份玉米芯颗粒、13漂珠、4份表面活性剂、10份缩合磷酸盐、7份三氧化二锑、4份硫酸锌、60份水玻璃，表面活性剂采用十二烷基苯磺酸钠，通过隔热层2进行阻止内部热量流失，阻止外部热量进入汽车内部。
金属层5采用的金属由以下质量百分比的成分组成：13％镁、3.5％镍、1.5％铬、0.15％钼、19％钛，余量为铜，金属的导热性强可将水管7中的水中热量快速传递给汽车内部。
包裹层9采用耐污纤维制成，耐污纤维由以下重量份的成分混纺而成：45份棉纤维、25份聚氨酯纤维、18份聚酰胺纤维、30份硅酸铝纤维。耐污纤维作为内饰，美观且耐污性好。
填充层6采用耐高温海绵制成，耐高温海绵的原料由以下重量份的成分组成：75份聚氧化丙烯二醇、40份异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、13份硅灰石粉、23份2-氨乙基十七烯基咪唑啉、4.5份改性纳米硅溶胶、15份水，填充层的耐高温海绵可以起到保暖和缓冲，耐高温性能佳，且防止车内人员头部与顶棚碰撞导致擦伤。
实施例3：
如图1所示，一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚，包括碳纤维板材1、隔热层2、防水层一3、防水层二4、金属层5、填充层6、水管7、水泵8、包裹层9，碳纤维板材1的下方与隔热层2粘结，防水层一3粘结在隔热层2的下方，金属层5内设有多个水管槽10，水管7以单线来回穿插的方式活动穿插在多个水管槽10内部，金属层5的上表面粘结有防水层二4，防水层一3和防水层二4之间固定粘结，填充层6位于金属层5的下方，且与金属层5的下表面粘结，包裹层9位于填充层6下方，包裹层9的上表面与填充层6的下表面粘结，包裹层9的边缘与金属层5的边缘固定连接，水泵8固定连接在汽车水箱内部，水泵8的出水口与水管7的进水口相通，水管7的出水口固定连接在汽车水箱的内部。
碳纤维板材1有以下重量份的成分组成：100份碳纤维、40份ABS橡胶粉、16份高密度聚乙烯、25份无卤膨胀型阻燃剂、15份结晶Ⅱ型聚磷酸铵、1.2份抗氧化剂、25份硅氟胶，无卤膨胀型阻燃剂由磷酸、三聚氰胺、氧化锌按质量比7:3:1混合制成，抗氧化剂为没食子酸丙酯；碳纤维板材1作为外层，导热性差，耐热性强。
隔热层2由以下重量份的成分组成：80份玉米芯颗粒、15漂珠、5份表面活性剂、13份缩合磷酸盐、8份三氧化二锑、5份硫酸锌、65份水玻璃，表面活性剂采用十二烷基苯磺酸钠，通过隔热层2进行阻止内部热量流失，阻止外部热量进入汽车内部。
金属层5采用的金属由以下质量百分比的成分组成：15％镁、4％镍、2.2％铬、0.2％钼、20％钛，余量为铜，金属的导热性强可将水管7中的水中热量快速传递给汽车内部。
包裹层9采用耐污纤维制成，耐污纤维由以下重量份的成分混纺而成：50份棉纤维、30份聚氨酯纤维、20份聚酰胺纤维、35份硅酸铝纤维。耐污纤维作为内饰，美观且耐污性好。
填充层6采用耐高温海绵制成，耐高温海绵的原料由以下重量份的成分组成：80份聚氧化丙烯二醇、45份异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、15份硅灰石粉、25份2-氨乙基十七烯基咪唑啉、5份改性纳米硅溶胶、20份水，填充层的耐高温海绵可以起到保暖和缓冲，耐高温性能佳，且防止车内人员头部与顶棚碰撞导致擦伤。
对比实施例1-实施例3，实施例3的汽车顶棚在实际应用中使用效果最佳，因此实施例3为最佳实施例。
实施例4：
如图2所示，在实施例3的基础上，实施例4提供了上述一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚的制备方法包括以下步骤：
S1、碳纤维板材制备：
将碳纤维通过纺织机纺织成碳纤维布、再将上述重量份的ABS橡胶粉、高密度聚乙烯、无卤膨胀型阻燃剂、结晶Ⅱ型聚磷酸铵、抗氧化剂、硅氟胶放入混料机中以80r/min的混料速度混合15min后，形成涂抹液，混料温度为120℃，将涂抹液涂抹至碳纤维布的表面，然后将碳纤维布放入模具中冷却至室温，待碳纤维定型后，得到碳纤维板材1；
S2、隔热层2制备：
将上述重量份的玉米芯颗粒和漂珠放入混料机中室温下混合均匀，混料机转速120r/min，混料时长5min，混合完成后得到混合物，将上述重量份的表面活性剂、缩合磷酸盐、三氧化二锑、硫酸锌、水玻璃放入反应釜中，混合搅拌30min，搅拌速度为1h，混合温度为200℃，反应完成后，降低反应釜温度至80℃，将混合物加入反应釜继续搅拌20min后，得到隔热材料，对碳纤维板的下表面涂抹粘结剂，再将隔热材料倒置碳纤维板的下表面，通过模具压制形成隔热层2；
S3、金属层5制备：
将上述质量百分比的镁粉、镍粉、铬粉、钼粉、钛粉、铜粉放入混料机中混合均匀，混料速度120r/min，混料时长为20min，混料完成后倒入真空炉中加热至2650℃，加热时长为1h，加热完成后得到金属熔体，再将金属熔体导入模具中冷却成型，成型后得到金属型材，再对金属型材的上表面进行打磨，打磨完成后形成金属层5；
S4、防水层粘合：
对隔热层2的下表面通过粘结剂粘贴防水锡纸，形成防水层一3，在金属层5的表面通过粘结剂粘结防水锡纸，形成防水层二4，再将水管7穿入在金属层5内的水管槽10中，通过粘合剂将防水层一3与防水层二4固定粘结；
S5、制备成品顶棚：
将上述重量份的聚氧化丙烯二醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯放入混合其中进行低速混合，混合时长为30min，低速混合完成后再将硅灰石粉、2-氨乙基十七烯基咪唑啉、改性纳米硅溶胶、水加入混合器中高速混合1-2min，混合完成后放入模具中发泡定型后得到耐高温海绵，再对耐高温海绵的上表面涂抹粘结剂并与金属层5的下表面粘结，形成填充层6，将耐污纤维通过纺织机纺织成布，形成包裹层9，在包裹层9的上表面涂抹粘结剂，再与填充层6的下表面粘结，将水管7的进水口与水泵8的出水口相通，最终形成汽车顶棚。
步骤S4和S5中粘结剂由以下重量份的成分组成：30份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、10份丙烯酸羟丙酯、3份丙烯酸羟乙酯、1份聚四氟乙烯，粘合效果好，不易产生脱落。
步骤S3中的镁粉粒度为20-30μm、镍粉粒度为13-25μm、铬粉粒度为40-60μm、钼粉粒度为8-15μm、钛粉粒度为10-25μm、铜粉粒度为80-100μm，这种粉末粒度下导热性最强。
步骤S5中低速混合的混合速度为80r/min，混合温度为30℃，高速混合的混合速度为200r/min，这种技术参数下，混料效率高。
实施例5：
如图2所示，在实施例3的基础上，实施例5提供了上述一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚的制备方法包括以下步骤：
S1、碳纤维板材制备：
将碳纤维通过纺织机纺织成碳纤维布、再将上述重量份的ABS橡胶粉、高密度聚乙烯、无卤膨胀型阻燃剂、结晶Ⅱ型聚磷酸铵、抗氧化剂、硅氟胶放入混料机中以80-120r/min的混料速度混合15-30min后，形成涂抹液，混料温度为120-200℃，将涂抹液涂抹至碳纤维布的表面，然后将碳纤维布放入模具中冷却至室温，待碳纤维定型后，得到碳纤维板材1；
S2、隔热层2制备：
将上述重量份的玉米芯颗粒和漂珠放入混料机中室温下混合均匀，混料机转速140r/min，混料时长7min，混合完成后得到混合物，将上述重量份的表面活性剂、缩合磷酸盐、三氧化二锑、硫酸锌、水玻璃放入反应釜中，混合搅拌35min，搅拌速度为1.5h，混合温度为205℃，反应完成后，降低反应釜温度至90℃，将混合物加入反应釜继续搅拌25min后，得到隔热材料，对碳纤维板的下表面涂抹粘结剂，再将隔热材料倒置碳纤维板的下表面，通过模具压制形成隔热层2；
S3、金属层5制备：
将上述质量百分比的镁粉、镍粉、铬粉、钼粉、钛粉、铜粉放入混料机中混合均匀，混料速度130r/min，混料时长为25min，混料完成后倒入真空炉中加热至2800℃，加热时长为1.5h，加热完成后得到金属熔体，再将金属熔体导入模具中冷却成型，成型后得到金属型材，再对金属型材的上表面进行打磨，打磨完成后形成金属层5；
S4、防水层粘合：
对隔热层2的下表面通过粘结剂粘贴防水锡纸，形成防水层一3，在金属层5的表面通过粘结剂粘结防水锡纸，形成防水层二4，再将水管7穿入在金属层5内的水管槽10中，通过粘合剂将防水层一3与防水层二4固定粘结；
S5、制备成品顶棚：
将上述重量份的聚氧化丙烯二醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯放入混合其中进行低速混合，混合时长为35min，低速混合完成后再将硅灰石粉、2-氨乙基十七烯基咪唑啉、改性纳米硅溶胶、水加入混合器中高速混合1.5min，混合完成后放入模具中发泡定型后得到耐高温海绵，再对耐高温海绵的上表面涂抹粘结剂并与金属层5的下表面粘结，形成填充层6，将耐污纤维通过纺织机纺织成布，形成包裹层9，在包裹层9的上表面涂抹粘结剂，再与填充层6的下表面粘结，将水管7的进水口与水泵8的出水口相通，最终形成汽车顶棚。
步骤S4和S5中粘结剂由以下重量份的成分组成：33份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、13份丙烯酸羟丙酯、4份丙烯酸羟乙酯、1.5份聚四氟乙烯，粘合效果好，不易产生脱落。
步骤S3中的镁粉粒度为20-30μm、镍粉粒度为13-25μm、铬粉粒度为40-60μm、钼粉粒度为8-15μm、钛粉粒度为10-25μm、铜粉粒度为80-100μm，这种粉末粒度下导热性最强。
步骤S5中低速混合的混合速度为90r/min，混合温度为35℃，高速混合的混合速度为230r/min，这种技术参数下，混料效率高。
实施例6：
如图2所示，在实施例3的基础上，实施例6提供了上述一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚的制备方法包括以下步骤：
S1、碳纤维板材制备：
将碳纤维通过纺织机纺织成碳纤维布、再将上述重量份的ABS橡胶粉、高密度聚乙烯、无卤膨胀型阻燃剂、结晶Ⅱ型聚磷酸铵、抗氧化剂、硅氟胶放入混料机中以120r/min的混料速度混合30min后，形成涂抹液，混料温度为200℃，将涂抹液涂抹至碳纤维布的表面，然后将碳纤维布放入模具中冷却至室温，待碳纤维定型后，得到碳纤维板材1；
S2、隔热层2制备：
将上述重量份的玉米芯颗粒和漂珠放入混料机中室温下混合均匀，混料机转速150r/min，混料时长10min，混合完成后得到混合物，将上述重量份的表面活性剂、缩合磷酸盐、三氧化二锑、硫酸锌、水玻璃放入反应釜中，混合搅拌40min，搅拌速度为2h，混合温度为210℃，反应完成后，降低反应釜温度至100℃，将混合物加入反应釜继续搅拌30min后，得到隔热材料，对碳纤维板的下表面涂抹粘结剂，再将隔热材料倒置碳纤维板的下表面，通过模具压制形成隔热层2；
S3、金属层5制备：
将上述质量百分比的镁粉、镍粉、铬粉、钼粉、钛粉、铜粉放入混料机中混合均匀，混料速度150r/min，混料时长为30min，混料完成后倒入真空炉中加热至3000℃，加热时长为2h，加热完成后得到金属熔体，再将金属熔体导入模具中冷却成型，成型后得到金属型材，再对金属型材的上表面进行打磨，打磨完成后形成金属层5；
S4、防水层粘合：
对隔热层2的下表面通过粘结剂粘贴防水锡纸，形成防水层一3，在金属层5的表面通过粘结剂粘结防水锡纸，形成防水层二4，再将水管7穿入在金属层5内的水管槽10中，通过粘合剂将防水层一3与防水层二4固定粘结；
S5、制备成品顶棚：
将上述重量份的聚氧化丙烯二醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯放入混合其中进行低速混合，混合时长为40min，低速混合完成后再将硅灰石粉、2-氨乙基十七烯基咪唑啉、改性纳米硅溶胶、水加入混合器中高速混合2min，混合完成后放入模具中发泡定型后得到耐高温海绵，再对耐高温海绵的上表面涂抹粘结剂并与金属层5的下表面粘结，形成填充层6，将耐污纤维通过纺织机纺织成布，形成包裹层9，在包裹层9的上表面涂抹粘结剂，再与填充层6的下表面粘结，将水管7的进水口与水泵8的出水口相通，最终形成汽车顶棚。
步骤S4和S5中粘结剂由以下重量份的成分组成：35份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、15份丙烯酸羟丙酯、5份丙烯酸羟乙酯、2份聚四氟乙烯，粘合效果好，不易产生脱落。
步骤S3中的镁粉粒度为20-30μm、镍粉粒度为13-25μm、铬粉粒度为40-60μm、钼粉粒度为8-15μm、钛粉粒度为10-25μm、铜粉粒度为80-100μm，这种粉末粒度下导热性最强。
步骤S5中低速混合的混合速度为100r/min，混合温度为40℃，高速混合的混合速度为250r/min，这种技术参数下，混料效率高。
对比实施例4-实施例6，实施例6所制备的汽车顶棚的效果最好，因此实施例6为最佳实施例。

Claims (10)

1.一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚，其特征在于，包括碳纤维板材(1)、隔热层(2)、防水层一(3)、防水层二(4)、金属层(5)、填充层(6)、水管(7)、水泵(8)、包裹层(9)，所述碳纤维板材(1)的下方与所述隔热层(2)粘结，所述防水层一(3)粘结在所述隔热层(2)的下方，所述金属层(5)内设有多个水管槽(10)，所述水管(7)以单线来回穿插的方式活动穿插在多个水管槽(10)内部，所述金属层(5)的上表面粘结有防水层二(4)，所述防水层一(3)和防水层二(4)之间固定粘结，所述填充层(6)位于金属层(5)的下方，且与金属层(5)的下表面粘结，所述包裹层(9)位于填充层(6)下方，包裹层(9)的上表面与填充层(6)的下表面粘结，包裹层(9)的边缘与所述金属层(5)的边缘固定连接，所述水泵(8)固定连接在汽车水箱内部，水泵(8)的出水口与水管(7)的进水口相通，水管(7)的出水口固定连接在汽车水箱的内部。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚，其特征在于，所述碳纤维板材(1)由以下重量份的成分组成：80-100份碳纤维、30-40份ABS橡胶粉、10-16份高密度聚乙烯、14-25份无卤膨胀型阻燃剂、10-15份结晶Ⅱ型聚磷酸铵、0.1-1.2份抗氧化剂、8-25份硅氟胶，所述无卤膨胀型阻燃剂由磷酸、三聚氰胺、氧化锌按质量比7:3:1混合制成，所述抗氧化剂为没食子酸丙酯。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚，其特征在于，所述隔热层(2)由以下重量份的成分组成：60-80份玉米芯颗粒、10-15漂珠、3-5份表面活性剂、5-13份缩合磷酸盐、3-8份三氧化二锑、2-5份硫酸锌、50-65份水玻璃，所述表面活性剂采用十二烷基苯磺酸钠。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚，其特征在于，所述金属层(5)采用的金属由以下质量百分比的成分组成：10-15％镁、3-4％镍、1-2.2％铬、0.1-0.2％钼、18-20％钛，余量为铜。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚，其特征在于，所述包裹层(9)采用耐污纤维制成，所述耐污纤维由以下重量份的成分混纺而成：40-50份棉纤维、20-30份聚氨酯纤维、15-20份聚酰胺纤维、25-35份硅酸铝纤维。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚，其特征在于，所述填充层(6)采用耐高温海绵制成，所述耐高温海绵的原料由以下重量份的成分组成：70-80份聚氧化丙烯二醇、35-45份异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、10-15份硅灰石粉、20-25份2-氨乙基十七烯基咪唑啉、4-5份改性纳米硅溶胶、10-20份水。
7.如权利要求1-6任意一项所述的一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、碳纤维板材制备：
将碳纤维通过纺织机纺织成碳纤维布、再将上述重量份的ABS橡胶粉、高密度聚乙烯、无卤膨胀型阻燃剂、结晶Ⅱ型聚磷酸铵、抗氧化剂、硅氟胶放入混料机中以80-120r/min的混料速度混合15-30min后，形成涂抹液，混料温度为120-200℃，将涂抹液涂抹至碳纤维布的表面，然后将碳纤维布放入模具中冷却至室温，待碳纤维定型后，得到碳纤维板材(1)；
S2、隔热层(2)制备：
将上述重量份的玉米芯颗粒和漂珠放入混料机中室温下混合均匀，混料机转速120-150r/min，混料时长5-10min，混合完成后得到混合物，将上述重量份的表面活性剂、缩合磷酸盐、三氧化二锑、硫酸锌、水玻璃放入反应釜中，混合搅拌30-40min，搅拌速度为1-2h，混合温度为200-210℃，反应完成后，降低反应釜温度至80-100℃，将混合物加入反应釜继续搅拌20-30min后，得到隔热材料，对碳纤维板的下表面涂抹粘结剂，再将隔热材料倒置碳纤维板的下表面，通过模具压制形成隔热层(2)；
S3、金属层(5)制备：
将上述质量百分比的镁粉、镍粉、铬粉、钼粉、钛粉、铜粉放入混料机中混合均匀，混料速度120-150r/min，混料时长为20-30min，混料完成后倒入真空炉中加热至2650-3000℃，加热时长为1-2h，加热完成后得到金属熔体，再将金属熔体导入模具中冷却成型，成型后得到金属型材，再对金属型材的上表面进行打磨，打磨完成后形成金属层(5)；
S4、防水层粘合：
对隔热层(2)的下表面通过粘结剂粘贴防水锡纸，形成防水层一(3)，在所述金属层(5)的表面通过粘结剂粘结防水锡纸，形成防水层二(4)，再将水管(7)穿入在金属层(5)内的水管槽(10)中，通过粘合剂将防水层一(3)与防水层二(4)固定粘结；
S5、制备成品顶棚：
将上述重量份的聚氧化丙烯二醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯放入混合其中进行低速混合，混合时长为30-40min，低速混合完成后再将硅灰石粉、2-氨乙基十七烯基咪唑啉、改性纳米硅溶胶、水加入混合器中高速混合1-2min，混合完成后放入模具中发泡定型后得到耐高温海绵，再对耐高温海绵的上表面涂抹粘结剂并与金属层(5)的下表面粘结，形成填充层(6)，将耐污纤维通过纺织机纺织成布，形成包裹层(9)，在包裹层(9)的上表面涂抹粘结剂，再与填充层(6)的下表面粘结，将水管(7)的进水口与所述水泵(8)的出水口相通，最终形成汽车顶棚。
8.如权利要求7所述的一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S4和S5中所述粘结剂由以下重量份的成分组成：30-35份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、10-15份丙烯酸羟丙酯、3-5份丙烯酸羟乙酯、1-2份聚四氟乙烯。
9.如权利要求7所述的一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S3中的镁粉粒度为20-30μm、镍粉粒度为13-25μm、铬粉粒度为40-60μm、钼粉粒度为8-15μm、钛粉粒度为10-25μm、铜粉粒度为80-100μm。
10.如权利要求7所述的一种基于耐高温环保型可回收材料的顶棚的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S3中的镁粉粒度为20-30μm、镍粉粒度为13-25μm、铬粉粒度为40-60μm、钼粉粒度为8-15μm、钛粉粒度为10-25μm。
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