CN116210700B - 一种防治草莓炭疽病的杀菌组合物 - Google Patents
一种防治草莓炭疽病的杀菌组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于农药技术领域，具体涉及一种防治草莓炭疽病的杀菌组合物。一种防治草莓炭疽病的杀菌组合物，所述杀菌组合物的有效成分由东莨菪内酯与氟吡菌酰胺、纳他霉素或苯醚甲环唑复配而成。本发明杀菌组合物中东莨菪内酯与氟吡菌酰胺、纳他霉素或苯醚甲环唑以一定质量比进行复配时，共毒系数大于120，表现为协同增效作用，可以提高对草莓炭疽病的防治效果，进而可以减少杀菌剂的施用剂量，有利于降低草莓果实中的农药残留和降低对环境造成的影响，可以为开发新型化学药剂提供支持。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药技术领域，具体涉及一种防治草莓炭疽病的杀菌组合物。
背景技术
草莓属蔷薇科草莓属多年生草本植物，其果实营养丰富，口感上佳，深受消费者喜爱，是我国重要的经济作物。草莓炭疽病是危害草莓并造成草莓减产的主要病害之一，其在草莓整个生育期内均可发生，在繁苗阶段和定植初期发生最为普遍，主要危害草莓根部和匍匐茎，造成草莓植株根部腐烂和整株死亡。
草莓炭疽病的防治手段主要包括农业防治、生物防治和化学防治，其中化学防治是控制草莓炭疽病的有效手段。但随着病原菌抗性的逐年上升，使得杀菌剂对其的防治效果大打折扣，通过增加杀菌剂的使用剂量又会增加农药残留和加剧对环境造成的影响。因此，有必要开发一种能提高对草莓炭疽病防治效果的新型药剂。
公开于该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解，而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种防治草莓炭疽病的杀菌组合物，其可以提高对草莓炭疽病的防治效果，进而减少杀菌剂的施用剂量，有利于降低草莓果实中的农药残留和降低对环境造成的影响。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：
本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种防治草莓炭疽病的杀菌组合物，所述杀菌组合物的有效成分由东莨菪内酯与氟吡菌酰胺、纳他霉素或苯醚甲环唑复配而成。
作为优选，所述东莨菪内酯和氟吡菌酰胺的质量比为1-10：8-1。
作为优选，所述东莨菪内酯和纳他霉素的质量比为1-5：30-1。
作为优选，所述东莨菪内酯和苯醚甲环唑的质量比为1-40：15-1。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供一种农药制剂，所述农药制剂包括所述的防治草莓炭疽病的杀菌组合物和农药学上可接受的辅助成分。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
本发明杀菌组合物中东莨菪内酯与氟吡菌酰胺、纳他霉素或苯醚甲环唑以一定质量比进行复配时，表现为表现为协同增效作用，可以提高对草莓炭疽病的防治效果，进而可以减少杀菌剂的施用剂量，有利于降低草莓果实中的农药残留和降低对环境造成的影响，可以为开发新型化学药剂提供支持。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明专利的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域所属的技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例：东莨菪内酯复配后的室内生物活性试验
1.供试药剂：99％东莨菪内酯(上海融合医药科技发展有限公司)、96％氟吡菌酰胺(湖北玖丰隆化工有限公司)、95％纳他霉素(青岛万源山生物科技有限公司)、95％苯醚甲环唑(江苏优嘉植物保护有限公司)
2.供试病菌：胶孢炭疽菌Colletotrichum gloeosporioides，采自草莓种植园内的草莓炭疽病株，在实验室内分离纯化得到，保存于PDA培养基上。
3.PDA培养基：马铃薯200g、葡萄糖20g和琼脂粉15g，加水至1000mL，自然pH。
4.试验方法(参考《NY/T 1156.2-2006农药室内生物测定准则杀菌剂第2部分：抑制病原真菌菌丝生长试验平皿法》)
4.1供试药剂先用二甲基亚砜溶解，再用0.1％吐温-80稀释分别配制单剂母液，设置多组配比，各单剂及每组配比混剂均按等比方法设置5个梯度质量浓度。
4.2在无菌的条件下将预先融化的PDA培养基加入无菌锥形瓶中，从低浓度到高浓度依次定量吸取药液，分别加入上述锥形瓶中，充分摇均。然后等量倒入4个直径为9cm的培养皿中，制成含药平板，同时设不含有效成分的空白对照处理，每个处理设置3个重复。
4.3在无菌的条件下，用直径为5mm的灭菌打孔器在供试病菌菌落边缘打孔，制成直径为5mm的菌饼；用接种器将菌饼接种于含药平板中央，菌丝面朝上，盖上皿盖后置于25℃的培养箱中培养。
4.4待空白对照菌落的直径达培养皿直径的2/3以上时，用卡尺测量菌落直径，每个菌落用十字交叉法垂直测量直径各一次，取其平均值，以此计算各处理的菌丝生长抑制率，用DPS软件对药剂浓度对数值和菌丝生长抑制率几率值进行回归分析，计算各处理药剂的EC50，并根据孙云沛法计算混剂的共毒系数(CTC值)。
5.计算公式
D＝D1-D2
上式中：D--菌落增长直径；D1--菌落直径；D2--菌饼直径。
上式中：I--菌丝抑制率；D0--空白对照菌落增长直径；Dt--药剂处理菌落增长直径。
实测毒力指数(ATI)＝(标准药剂EC50/供试药剂EC50)×100；
理论毒力指数(TTI)＝A药剂毒力指数×混剂中A的百分含量+B药剂毒力指数×混剂中B的百分含量；
共毒系数(CTC)＝[混剂实测毒力指数(ATI)/混剂理论毒力指数(TTI)]×100。
6.药剂复配评价
CTC≤80为拮抗作用；80＜CTC＜120为相加作用；CTC≥120为增效作用。
7.试验结果
表1东莨菪内酯和氟吡菌酰胺复配对草莓炭疽病的胶孢炭疽菌室内生物活性测定结果
| 药剂名称及配比 | EC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
| 东莨菪内酯 | 18.39 | 100.00 | -- | -- |
| 氟吡菌酰胺 | 2.74 | 671.17 | -- | -- |
| 东莨菪内酯1：氟吡菌酰胺8 | 1.28 | 1436.72 | 607.70 | 236.42 |
| 东莨菪内酯1：氟吡菌酰胺5 | 2.39 | 769.46 | 575.97 | 133.59 |
| 东莨菪内酯1：氟吡菌酰胺3 | 1.06 | 1734.91 | 528.38 | 328.35 |
| 东莨菪内酯1：氟吡菌酰胺1 | 0.83 | 2215.66 | 385.58 | 574.63 |
| 东莨菪内酯3：氟吡菌酰胺1 | 5.29 | 347.64 | 242.79 | 143.18 |
| 东莨菪内酯5：氟吡菌酰胺1 | 7.47 | 246.18 | 195.19 | 126.12 |
| 东莨菪内酯8：氟吡菌酰胺1 | 4.29 | 428.67 | 163.46 | 262.24 |
| 东莨菪内酯10：氟吡菌酰胺1 | 2.36 | 779.24 | 151.92 | 512.91 |
由表1可以看出，东莨菪内酯和氟吡菌酰胺在质量比为1-10：8-1范围内的共毒系数均大于120，说明东莨菪内酯和氟吡菌酰胺复配后对草莓炭疽病的胶孢炭疽菌表现为增效作用。
表2东莨菪内酯和纳他霉素复配对草莓炭疽病的胶孢炭疽菌室内生物活性测定结果
由表2可以看出，东莨菪内酯和纳他霉素在质量比为1-5：30-1范围内的共毒系数均大于120，说明东莨菪内酯和纳他霉素复配后对草莓炭疽病的胶孢炭疽菌表现为增效作用。
表3东莨菪内酯和苯醚甲环唑复配对草莓炭疽病的胶孢炭疽菌室内生物活性测定结果
| 药剂名称及配比 | EC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
| 东莨菪内酯 | 18.39 | 100.00 | -- | -- |
| 苯醚甲环唑 | 4.57 | 402.41 | -- | -- |
| 东莨菪内酯1：苯醚甲环唑15 | 3.69 | 498.37 | 383.51 | 129.95 |
| 东莨菪内酯1：苯醚甲环唑10 | 2.35 | 782.55 | 374.92 | 208.73 |
| 东莨菪内酯1：苯醚甲环唑5 | 4.19 | 438.90 | 352.01 | 124.69 |
| 东莨菪内酯1：苯醚甲环唑3 | 1.56 | 1178.85 | 326.81 | 360.72 |
| 东莨菪内酯1：苯醚甲环唑1 | 3.64 | 505.22 | 251.20 | 201.12 |
| 东莨菪内酯3：苯醚甲环唑1 | 2.46 | 747.56 | 175.60 | 425.71 |
| 东莨菪内酯5：苯醚甲环唑1 | 1.28 | 1436.72 | 150.40 | 955.26 |
| 东莨菪内酯10：苯醚甲环唑1 | 4.21 | 436.82 | 127.49 | 342.62 |
| 东莨菪内酯20：苯醚甲环唑1 | 8.42 | 218.41 | 114.40 | 190.92 |
| 东莨菪内酯30：苯醚甲环唑1 | 6.67 | 275.71 | 109.76 | 251.21 |
| 东莨菪内酯40：苯醚甲环唑1 | 9.24 | 199.03 | 107.38 | 182.35 |
由表3可以看出，东莨菪内酯和苯醚甲环唑在质量比为1-40：15-1范围内的共毒系数均大于120，说明东莨菪内酯和苯醚甲环唑复配后对草莓炭疽病的胶孢炭疽菌表现为增效作用。
综上所述，本发明杀菌组合物中东莨菪内酯与氟吡菌酰胺、纳他霉素或苯醚甲环唑一定质量比进行复配时，共毒系数大于120，表现为表现为协同增效作用，可以提高对草莓炭疽病的防治效果。
Claims (1)
1.一种防治草莓炭疽病的杀菌组合物，其特征在于，所述杀菌组合物的有效成分由东莨菪内酯与氟吡菌酰胺复配而成，所述东莨菪内酯和氟吡菌酰胺的质量比为1-10：8-1。
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