CN116209773A - 双特异性CD123 x CD3双抗体用于治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的用途 - Google Patents
双特异性CD123 x CD3双抗体用于治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤比如急性骨髓样白血病(AML)或脊髓发育不良综合征(MDS),包括对化疗剂和/或去甲基化剂难治性的血液系统恶性肿瘤的方法。方法涉及以有效刺激杀伤所述患者中所述血液系统恶性肿瘤的细胞的量向患者施用CD123xCD3双特异性结合分子。本发明尤其针对这种方法的实施方式,其中来自在这种施用之前的患者的细胞样品证明一种或多种靶基因的表达相对于这种基因的基线表达水平,例如,在正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体参考群体中这种基因的基线表达水平,或相对于参考基因的表达水平是增加的。
Description
序列表的引用
按照37 C.F.R.1.821等条款,本申请包括一个或多个序列表,其以计算机可读介质(文件名:1301_0167P1_ST25.txt,创建于2020年6月17日,并且大小为31,062字节)公开,该文件通过引用以其整体并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤比如急性骨髓样白血病(AML)或脊髓发育不良综合征(MDS),包括对化疗剂和/或去甲基化剂难治性的血液系统恶性肿瘤的方法。方法涉及以有效刺激杀伤所述患者中所述血液系统恶性肿瘤的细胞的量向患者施用CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子。本发明尤其针对这种方法的实施方式,其中来自在这种施用之前的患者的细胞样品证明一种或多种靶基因的表达相对于这种基因的基线表达水平,例如,在正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体参考群体中这种基因的基线表达水平,或相对于参考基因的表达水平是增加的。
背景技术
I.CD123
CD123(白介素3受体α,IL-3Ra)是40kDa分子并且是白介素3受体复合物的部分(Stomski,F.C.等(1996)“Human Interleukin-3(IL-3)Induces Disulfide-Linked IL-3Receptor Alpha-And Beta-Chain Heterodimerization,Which Is Required ForReceptor Activation But Not High-Affinity Binding,”Mol.Cell.Biol.16(6):3035-3046)。白介素3(IL-3)驱动多能干细胞早期分化为红系祖细胞、骨髓样祖细胞和淋巴祖细胞。CD123在CD34+定向祖细胞上表达(Taussig,D.C.等(2005)“Hematopoietic Stem CellsExpress Multiple Myeloid Markers:Implications For The Origin And TargetedTherapy Of Acute Myeloid Leukemia,”Blood 106:4086-4092),但不通过CD34+/CD38-正常造血干细胞表达。CD123通过嗜碱性粒细胞、肥大细胞、浆细胞样树突状细胞表达,通过单核细胞、巨噬细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞表达一些,并且通过中性粒细胞和巨核细胞表达低或不表达。一些非造血组织(胎盘、睾丸的间质细胞、某些脑细胞成分和一些内皮细胞)表达CD123;然而,表达大部分是细胞质的。
据报道,CD123由白血病母细胞和白血病干细胞(LSC)表达(Jordan,C.T.等(2000)“The Interleukin-3Receptor Alpha Chain Is A Unique Marker For Human AcuteMyelogenous Leukemia Stem Cells,”Leukemia 14:1777-1784;Jin,W.等(2009)“Regulation Of Th17 Cell Differentiation And EAE Induction By MAP3K NIK,”Blood 113:6603-6610)。在人类正常前体群体中,CD123由造血祖细胞(HPC)的亚型表达,而不是由正常造血干细胞(HSC)表达。CD123也由浆细胞样树突状细胞(pDC)和嗜碱性粒细胞表达,并且在较小程度上由单核细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞表达(Lopez,A.F.等(1989)“Reciprocal Inhibition Of Binding Between Interleukin 3And Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor To Human Eosinophils,”Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.(U.S.A.)86:7022-7026;Sun,Q.等(1996)“Monoclonal Antibody7G3Recognizes The N-Terminal Domain Of The Human Interleukin-3(IL-3)ReceptorAlpha Chain And Functions As A Specific IL-3Receptor Antagonist,”Blood 87:83-92;L.等(2001)“Interleukin-3Receptor Alpha Chain(CD123)Is WidelyExpressed In Hematologic Malignancies,”Haematologica86(12):1261-1269;Masten,B.J.等(2006)“Characterization Of Myeloid And Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells InHuman Lung,”J.Immunol.177:7784-7793;Korpelainen,E.I.等(1995)“Interferon-GammaUpregulates Interleukin-3(IL-3)Receptor Expression In Human Endothelial CellsAnd Synergizes With IL-3In Stimulating Major Histocompatibility Complex ClassII Expression And Cytokine Production,”Blood 86:176-182)。
已经报道CD123在包括急性骨髓样白血病(AML)和脊髓发育不良综合征(MDS)的广泛的血液系统恶性肿瘤中的恶性细胞上过表达(L.等(2001)“Interleukin-3Receptor Alpha Chain(CD123)Is Widely Expressed In Hematologic Malignancies,”Haematologica 86(12):1261-1269)。CD123的过表达与AML的预后较差有关(Tettamanti,M.S.等(2013)“Targeting Of Acute Myeloid Leukaemia By Cytokine-Induced KillerCells Redirected With A Novel CD123-Specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor,”Br.J.Haematol.161:389-401)。
II.CD3
CD3是包括四条不同链的T细胞共受体(Wucherpfennig,K.W.等(2010)“Structural Biology Of The T-Cell Receptor:Insights Into Receptor Assembly,Ligand Recognition,And Initiation OfSignaling,”Cold SpringHarb.Perspect.Biol.2(4):a005140;第1-14页)。在哺乳动物中,该复合物包含CD3γ链、CD3δ链和两条CD3ε链。这些链与称为T细胞受体(TCR)的分子缔合,以便在T淋巴细胞中产生启动信号。在没有CD3的情况下,TCR无法适当组装并且被降解(Thomas,S.等(2010)“Molecular Immunology Lessons From Therapeutic T-Cell Receptor GeneTransfer,”Immunology129(2):170–177)。发现CD3结合所有成熟T细胞的膜,并且几乎不结合其他细胞类型的膜(参见,Janeway,C.A.等(2005)In:Immunobiology:The ImmuneSystem In Health And Disease,”第6版.Garland Science Publishing,NY,第214-216页;Sun,Z.J.等(2001)“Mechanisms Contributing To T Cell Receptor Signaling AndAssembly Revealed By The Solution Structure Of An Ectodomain Fragment OfTheCD3ε:γHeterodimer,”Cell 105(7):913-923;Kuhns,M.S.等(2006)“Deconstructing TheForm And Function Of The TCR/CD3 Complex,”Immunity.2006年2月;24(2):133-139)。
III.AML和MDS
急性骨髓样白血病(AML)和脊髓发育不良综合征(MDS)被认为在小部分的白血病干细胞(LSC)中出现并且通过其得以持续,该白血病干细胞通常处于休眠状态(即不是迅速分裂的细胞),并且因此抵抗细胞死亡(凋亡)和常规化疗剂。LSC的特征在于高水平的CD123表达,其在正常人的骨髓中相应的正常造血干细胞中不存在(Jin,W.等(2009)“RegulationOf Th17 Cell Differentiation And EAE Induction By MAP3K NIK,”Blood 113:6603-6610;Jordan,C.T.等(2000)“The Interleukin-3Receptor Alpha Chain Is A UniqueMarker For Human Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Stem Cells,”Leukemia14:1777-1784)。CD123在45%-95%的AML、85%的毛细胞白血病(HCL)和40%的急性B淋巴细胞白血病(B-ALL)中表达。CD123表达还与多种其他恶性肿瘤/前恶性肿瘤(pre-malignancies)相关:慢性骨髓样白血病(CML)祖细胞(包括急变期(blast crisis)CML)、霍奇金里德斯特恩伯格(Hodgkin’sReed Sternberg)(RS)细胞、转化的非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)、一些慢性淋巴细胞性白血病(CLL)(CD11c+)、急性T淋巴细胞白血病的亚型(T-ALL)(16%,最不成熟的,大部分是成人的)、浆细胞样树突状细胞(pDC)DC2恶性肿瘤和CD34+/CD38-脊髓发育不良综合征(MDS)骨髓样恶性肿瘤。
AML是克隆性疾病,其特征在于在骨髓中转化的髓样祖细胞的增殖和积聚,其最终导致造血功能障碍。AML的发病率随着年龄而增加,并且年长患者通常比年轻患者具有更差的治疗效果(Robak,T.等(2009)“Current And Emerging Therapies For Acute MyeloidLeukemia,”Clin.Ther.2:2349-2370)。不幸地,现在,大多数具有AML的成年人死于他们的疾病。
AML的治疗最初集中在诱导缓解(诱导疗法)。一旦达到缓解,治疗转为致力于巩固这种缓解(缓解后或巩固疗法),并且在一些情况下,转为维持疗法。针对AML的标准缓解诱导范例是用蒽环类/阿糖胞苷组合的化疗,然后巩固化疗(通常用更高剂量的与在诱导时期期间使用相同的药物)或人类干细胞移植,这取决于患者耐受强化治疗的能力和单独用化疗治愈的可能性(参见,例如,Roboz,G.J.(2012)“Current Treatment Of Acute MyeloidLeukemia,”Curr.Opin.Oncol.24:711-719)。
诱导疗法中频繁使用的剂包括阿糖胞苷和蒽环类。阿糖胞苷(也称为AraC)通过干扰DNA合成而杀伤癌细胞(和其他快速分裂的正常细胞)。与AraC治疗相关的副作用包括对感染的抵抗力下降,白细胞生成减少的结果;由于血小板生成减少引起的出血;和由于红细胞的潜在减少引起的贫血。其他副作用包括恶心和呕吐。蒽环类(例如,柔红霉素(daunorubicin)、多柔比星(doxoubicin)和伊达比星(idarubicin))具有数种作用方式,包括抑制DNA和RNA合成、破坏DNA的更高阶结构和产生损伤细胞的氧自由基。蒽环类的最严重的不良应答是心脏毒性,其相当限制施用的终生剂量,并且在一定程度上限制它们的有用性。
已经确定干细胞移植为具有首次或随后缓解期的AML患者中最有效的抗白血病治疗的形式(Roboz,G.J.(2012)“Current Treatment Of Acute Myeloid Leukemia,”Curr.Opin.Oncol.24:711-719)。然而,不幸地,尽管在新诊断的AML的治疗中有重大进展,但20%至40%的患者用标准诱导化疗未实现缓解,并且预计50%至70%的进入首次完全缓解期的患者在3年内复发。在复发时或针对具有抗性疾病的患者的最佳策略仍不确定(参见,Tasian,S.K.(2018“Acute Myeloid Leukemia Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-CellImmunotherapy:How Far Up The Road Have We Traveled?,”Ther.Adv.Hematol.9(6):135-148;Przespolewski,A.等(2018)“Advances In Immunotherapy For Acute MyeloidLeukemia”Future Oncol.14(10):963-978;Shimabukuro-Vornhagen,A.等(2018)“Cytokine Release Syndrome,”J.Immunother.Cancer.6(1):56第1-14页;Milone,M.C等(2018)“The Pharmacology of T Cell Therapies,”Mol.Ther.Methods Clin.Dev.8:210-221;Dhodapkar,M.V.等(2017)“Hematologic Malignancies:Plasma Cell Disorders,”Am.Soc.Clin.Oncol.Educ.Book.37:561-568;Kroschinsky,F.等(2017)“New Drugs,NewToxicities:Severe Side Effects Of Modern Targeted And Immunotherapy OfCancerAnd Their Management,”Crit.Care 14;21(1):89)。因此,需要新治疗性策略。
IV.双特异性分子
提供的非单特异性分子(例如,双特异性抗体、双特异性双抗体、抗体等)提供了优于单特异性分子比如天然抗体的显著优势:共连接和共定位细胞表达不同表位的能力。因此,双特异性分子具有广泛的应用,包括疗法和免疫诊断。双特异性允许在各种应用中设计和工程化双抗体具有很大的灵活性,提供了对多聚体抗原的增强亲和力、不同抗原的交联以及依赖于两种靶抗原的存在定向靶向特定细胞类型。特别重要的是不同细胞的共连接,例如,效应细胞比如细胞毒素T细胞与肿瘤细胞的交联(Staerz等(1985)“HybridAntibodies Can Target Sites For Attack By T Cells,”Nature314:628-631,以及Holliger等(1996)“Specific Killing Of Lymphoma Cells By Cytotoxic T-CellsMediated By A Bispecific Diabody,”Protein Eng.9:299-305)。
为了提供比天然抗体具有更大能力的分子,已经开发了各种重组双特异性抗体形式(参见,例如,PCT公布号WO 2008/003116、WO 2009/132876、WO 2008/003103、WO 2007/146968、WO 2009/018386、WO 2012/009544、WO 2013/070565),其中大多数使用连接体肽将进一步结合蛋白(例如,scFv、VL、VH等)融合至抗体核(IgA、IgD、IgE、IgG或IgM)或在抗体核(IgA、IgD、IgE、IgG或IgM)内,或将多个抗体结合部分(例如,两个Fab片段或scFv)彼此融合。可替选的形式使用连接体肽将结合蛋白(例如,scFv、VL、VH等)融合至二聚化结构域比如CH2-CH3结构域,或可替选的多肽(WO 2005/070966、WO 2006/107786、WO 2006/107617、WO 2007/046893)和其中CL和CH1结构域从其各自的天然位置和/或VL和VH结构域转换的其他形式已经多样化(WO 2008/027236、WO 2010/108127)以允许它们结合大于一种的抗原。
本领域另外注意到产生能够结合两种或更多种不同表位种类的双抗体的能力(参见,例如,Holliger等(1993)“’Diabodies’:Small Bivalent And Bispecific AntibodyFragments,”Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.(U.S.A.)90:6444-6448。已经描述了稳定的、共价键合的异源二聚化非单特异性双抗体(参见,例如,WO 2006/113665;WO/2008/157379;WO 2010/080538;WO 2012/018687;WO/2012/162068;Johnson,S.等(2010)“Effector CellRecruitment With Novel Fv-Based Dual-Affinity Re-Targeting Protein Leads ToPotent Tumor Cytolysis And In Vivo B-Cell Depletion,”J.Molec.Biol.399(3):436-449;Veri,M.C.等(2010)“Therapeutic Control Of B Cell Activation ViaRecruitment Of Fcgamma Receptor IIb(CD32B)Inhibitory Function With A NovelBispecific Antibody Scaffold,”Arthritis Rheum.62(7):1933-1943;Moore,P.A.等(2011)“Application Of Dual Affinity Retargeting Molecules To Achieve OptimalRedirected T-Cell Killing Of B-Cell Lymphoma,”Blood117(17):4542-4551)。这种双抗体将一个或多个半胱氨酸残基掺入每个采用的多肽种类中。例如,在这种构建体的C-末端添加半胱氨酸残基已显示允许多肽链之间形成二硫键,稳定所得异源二聚体而不干扰二价分子的结合特性。另外,已经描述了包括双抗体样结构域的三价分子(参见,例如,WO2015/184203和WO 2015/184207)。双抗体表位结合结构域还可以针对任何免疫效应细胞的表面决定簇,比如在T淋巴细胞、天然杀伤(NK)细胞或其他单核细胞上表达的CD3、CD16、CD32或CD64。在许多研究中,还发现双抗体结合至效应细胞决定簇,例如,Fcγ受体(FcγR)以激活效应细胞(Holliger等(1996)“Specific Killing Of Lymphoma Cells By CytotoxicT-Cells Mediated By A Bispecific Diabody,”Protein Eng.9:299-305;Holliger等(1999)“Carcinoembryonic Antigen(CEA)-Specific T-cell Activation In ColonCarcinoma Induced By Anti-CD3 x Anti-CEA Bispecific Diabodies And B7 x Anti-CEA Bispecific Fusion Proteins,”Cancer Res.59:2909-2916;WO 2006/113665;WO2008/157379;WO 2010/080538;WO 2012/018687;WO 2012/162068)。通常,效应细胞激活是由抗原结合抗体经Fc-FcγR相互作用与效应细胞结合来触发;因此,就此而言,双抗体分子可以展示出Ig样功能性,而与它们是否包括Fc结构域无关(例如,如本领域已知的任何效应子功能测定中所测定的或本文中举例说明的(例如,ADCC测定))。通过交联肿瘤和效应细胞,双抗体不仅将效应细胞带到肿瘤细胞附近,但导致有效的肿瘤杀伤(参见例如Cao等(2003)“Bispecific Antibody Conjugates In Therapeutics,”Adv.Drug.Deliv.Rev.55:171-197)。
能够介导T细胞重定向的细胞杀伤表达CD123的恶性细胞的几种靶向CD123和CD3的双特异性分子正在开发中(参见,例如,Vey,N.,等(2017)“Interim Results From APhase 1First-In-Human Study Of Flotetuzumab,a CD123 x CD3 Bispecific DARTMolecule In AML/MDS,”Annals of Oncology,28(S5)5,mdx373.001;Godwin,C.D.,等(2017)“Bispecific Anti-CD123 x Anti-CD3 AdaptirTMMolecules APVO436 and APVO437Have Broad Activity Against Primary Human AML Cells In Vitro”Blood.130(S1):2639;Forslund,A.,等(2016)“Ex Vivo Activity Profile of the CD123xCD3Antibody JNJ-63709178Against Primary Acute Myeloid Leukemia BoneMarrow Samples”Blood 128(22):2875)。然而,采用能够将T细胞靶向血液系统恶性肿瘤位置的双特异性结合分子的努力并未完全成功。因此,仍然需要开发新的策略来使用CD123 xCD3双特异性结合分子治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤。本发明直接解决了这种需要和其他需要,如以下描述的。
发明内容
本发明涉及治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤比如急性骨髓样白血病(AML)或脊髓发育不良综合征(MDS),包括对化疗剂和/或去甲基化剂难治性的血液系统恶性肿瘤的方法。方法涉及以有效刺激杀伤所述患者中所述血液系统恶性肿瘤的细胞的量向患者施用CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子。本发明尤其针对这种方法的实施方式,其中来自在这种施用之前的患者的细胞样品证明一种或多种靶基因的表达相对于这种基因的基线表达水平,例如,在正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体参考群体中这种基因的基线表达水平,或相对于参考基因的表达水平是增加的。
详细地,本发明提供了确定患者是否是使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子以治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的合适应答者的方法,其中方法包括:
(a)相对于一种或多种靶基因和/或参考基因的表达,在施用CD123x CD3双特异性分子之前评估来自患者的细胞样品中一种或多种靶基因的表达;和
(b)如果发现一种或多种靶基因的表达相对于一种或多种靶基因和/或参考基因的表达是增加的,将患者鉴定为用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗的合适应答者,其中所述一种或多种靶基因选自以下组成的组中:SERPHINH1、NOTCH2、FCGR3A/B、FPR1、FBP1、PDGFA、CRABP2、THBS1、ICOS和CD8B。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中方法评估:(i)一种或多种靶基因的表达;和(ii)其表达不与血液系统恶性肿瘤特征性相关的一种或多种参考基因。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其包括评估相对于患者的一种或多种参考基因的基线表达,一种或多种靶基因的表达。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其包括评估相对于正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体或这种个体的群体的一种或多种靶基因的表达,患者的一种或多种靶基因的表达。本发明进一步提供了此类方法的实施方式,其中这种患者的一种或多种靶基因的表达大于正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的这种个体或这种个体的群体的这种靶基因的表达水平的第一四分位数(即大于底部25%)、大于第二四分位数(即大于底部50%)或大于第三四分位数(即大于底部75%)。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其包括评估相对于使用本发明方法和组合物对血液系统恶性肿瘤先前没有成功地治疗的个体(例如,对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤没有成功应答的个体),或这种个体的群体的一种或多种靶基因的表达,患者的一种或多种靶基因的表达。本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中这种患者的一种或多种靶基因的表达大于这种个体或未治疗的这种个体的群体的这种靶基因的表达水平的第一四分位数(即大于底部25%),大于第二四分位数(即大于底部50%),或大于第三四分位数(即大于底部75%)。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其包括评估相对于使用本发明的方法和组合物对血液系统恶性肿瘤先前成功地治疗的个体(例如,对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤成功应答的个体)或这种个体的群体的一种或多种靶基因的表达,患者的一种或多种靶基因的表达。本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中这种患者的一种或多种靶基因的表达在这种个体或成功治疗的个体的这种群体的这种靶基因的表达水平的这种靶基因的表达水平的第一四分位数内(即底部25%内)、第二四分位数内(即在底部25%和50%之间)或第三四分位数内(即在底部50%和75%之间)。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中群体中一种或多种靶基因的相对表达水平通过平均从个体的群体获得的细胞样品中的基因表达水平而建立。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中这种患者展示出至少一种这种靶基因的表达水平:
(a)大于正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的第一四分位数;或
(b)大于对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤没有成功应答的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的第一四分位数;或
(c)在对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤成功应答的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的至少第一四分位数内。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中这种患者展示出至少一种这种靶基因的表达水平:
(a)大于正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的第二四分位数;或
(b)大于对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤没有成功应答的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的第二四分位数;或
(c)在对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤成功应答的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的至少第二四分位数内。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中这种患者展示出至少一种这种靶基因的表达水平:
(a)大于正遭受所述血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的第三四分位数;或
(b)大于对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子以治疗所述血液系统恶性肿瘤没有成功应答的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的第三四分位数;本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中这种方法进一步包括如果确定患者是这种治疗和这种方法的合适应答者,向患者施用治疗剂量的CD123 x CD3双特异性分子,其中施用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子刺激杀伤患者的血液系统恶性肿瘤的细胞。
本发明进一步提供治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的方法,其中方法包括:
(a)采用以上实施方式的任一个的方法来确定患者是否是使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子以治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的合适应答者;
(b)如果确定患者是这种治疗的合适应答者,向患者施用治疗剂量的CD123 x CD3双特异性分子;
其中施用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子刺激杀伤患者的血液系统恶性肿瘤的细胞。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其另外包括在治疗开始后一次或多次评估从患者获得的细胞样品中这种一种或多种靶基因的表达。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中细胞样品的骨髓或血液样品。特别地,这种方法的实施方式,其中细胞样品是骨髓样品。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其进一步包括检测患者的骨髓的样品中一种或多种靶基因的表达水平。本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其进一步包括检测一种或多种参考基因的表达水平。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其包括检测患者的骨髓的样品中这种一种或多种靶基因和/或这种一种或多种参考基因的表达水平,特别地在施用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子之前。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中评估表达或确定患者是否是使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子以治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的合适应答者通过以下进行:
(a)使用基因表达平台确定一种或多种细胞样品中每种靶基因的基因表达水平;和
(b)比较靶基因表达水平与一种或多种参考基因的表达水平。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中评估表达或确定患者是否是使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子以治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的合适应答者通过以下进行:
(a)在基因表达平台中测量一个或多个细胞样品中每种靶基因的原始RNA水平;
其中基因表达平台包括看家基因的参考基因集合;和
(b)使用内部参考基因的测量的RNA水平,为靶基因的每个测量的原始RNA水平分配相对表达值。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中一种或多种参考基因包括以下的一种或多种:ABCF1、G6PD、NRDE2、OAZ1、POLR2A、SDHA、STK11IP、TBC1D10B、TBP和UBB。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中为一种或多种靶基因确定基因标签评分。在本发明的具体的实施方式中,这种基因标签评分通过包括以下的方法从每种靶基因的原始RNA水平确定:
(a)使用包括看家基因的参考基因集合的基因表达平台,测量再一个细胞样品中每种靶基因的原始RNA水平,
(b)针对这种看家基因的几何平均值将每个测量的原始RNA水平进行标准化,并任选地进一步针对标准将每个RNA值进行标准化,
(c)对每个标准化的RNA值进行log转换,
(d)对标签中每个靶基因的log转换的RNA值求和,和
(e)将标准化的log转换的RNA值的总和除以标签中的靶基因数量,以生成基因标签评分。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中患者基因标签评分:
(a)大于从正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体中一种或多种靶基因的表达水平计算的基因标签的评分的第一四分位数;或
(b)大于从对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤没有成功应答的个体的群体中一种或多种靶基因的表达水平计算的基因标签的评分的第一四分位数;或
(c)在从对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤成功应答的个体的群体中一种或多种靶基因的表达水平计算的基因标签的评分的至少第一四分位数内,
表明对用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子的治疗更有利的患者应答。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中患者基因标签评分:
(a)大于从正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体中一种或多种靶基因的表达水平计算的基因标签的第二四分位数;或
(b)大于从对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤没有成功应答的个体的群体中一种或多种靶基因的表达水平计算的基因标签的第二四分位数;或
(c)在从对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤成功应答的个体的群体中一种或多种靶基因的表达水平计算的基因标签的评分的至少第二四分位数内,
表明对用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子的治疗更有利的患者应答。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中患者基因标签评分:
(a)大于从正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体中一种或多种靶基因的表达水平计算的基因标签的评分的第三四分位数;或
(b)大于从对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤没有成功应答的个体的群体中一种或多种靶基因的表达水平计算的基因标签的评分的第三四分位数,
表明对用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子的治疗更有利的患者应答。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中CD123 x CD3双特异性分子是包括scFv的双特异性抗体或双特异性分子。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中CD123 x CD3双特异性分子是JNJ-63709178、XmAb14045或APVO436。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中CD123 x CD3双特异性分子是具有两条、三条或四条多肽链的共价键合的双特异性双抗体。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中CD123 x CD3双特异性分子包括:
(a)包含SEQ ID NO:6的CDR的VHCD123结构域;和
(b)包含SEQ ID NO:10的CDR的VLCD123结构域。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中CD123 x CD3双特异性分子包括:
(a)包含SEQ ID NO:6的VHCD123结构域;和
(b)包含SEQ ID NO:10的VLCD123结构域。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中CD123 x CD3双特异性分子包括:
(a)包含SEQ ID NO:14的CDR的VHCD3结构域;和
(b)包含SEQ ID NO:1的CDR的VLCD3结构域。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中CD123 x CD3双特异性分子包括:
(a)包含SEQ ID NO:14的VHCD3结构域;和
(b)包含SEQ ID NO:1的VL CD3结构域。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中CD123 x CD3双特异性分子为双抗体,其包括:
(a)包含SEQ ID NO:21的氨基酸序列的第一多肽链;和
(b)包含SEQ ID NO:23的氨基酸序列的第二多肽链;并且
其中第一和第二多肽链通过二硫键共价键合至彼此。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中这种患者的血液系统恶性肿瘤选自由下述组成的组中:急性骨髓样白血病(AML)、慢性骨髓样白血病(CML)、急变期CML、与CML相关的Abelson癌基因(Bcr-ABL易位),脊髓发育不良综合征(MDS)、急性B淋巴细胞白血病(B-ALL)、急性T淋巴细胞白血病(T-ALL)、慢性淋巴细胞白血病(CLL)、Richter综合征、CLL的Richter转化、毛细胞白血病(HCL)、母细胞浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤(BPDCN)、非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)包括套细胞淋巴瘤(MCL)和小淋巴细胞淋巴瘤(SLL)、霍奇金淋巴瘤、系统性肥大细胞增生症和伯基特淋巴瘤。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中这种患者的血液系统恶性肿瘤是AML、MDS、BPDCN或T-ALL。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中这种患者的血液系统恶性肿瘤对于化疗(CTX)是难治性的,比如对基于阿糖胞苷/蒽环类的细胞毒素化疗是难治性的或对去甲基化剂(HMA)化疗是难治性的。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其进一步包括确定与由正常外周血液单核细胞(PBMC)表达的相应基线水平CD123相比,母细胞(癌细胞)的CD123的水平表达。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中表达水平通过测量CD123的细胞表面表达而确定。本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中CD123的细胞表面表达相对于基线表达水平增加至少约20%。本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中CD123表达的增加使患者对用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗更应答。
本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中CD123 x CD3双特异性分子的有效剂量选自由下述组成的组中:约30、约60、约100、约200、约300、约400和约500ng/kg患者重量/天。
本发明进一步提供了所有上述方法的实施方式,其中治疗剂量以连续输注施用。本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中治疗剂量是通过连续输注1天施用的约30ng/kg/天,随后是通过连续输注1天施用的约60ng/kg患者重量/天的治疗剂量,随后是通过连续输注1天施用的约100ng/kg/天的治疗剂量,随后是通过连续输注1天施用的约200ng/kg/天的治疗剂量,随后是通过连续输注1天施用的约300ng/kg/天的治疗剂量,随后是通过连续输注1天施用的约400ng/kg/天的治疗剂量,随后是通过连续输注1天施用的约500ng/kg/天的治疗剂量。本发明进一步提供了这种方法的实施方式,其中治疗剂量进一步包括施用通过连续输注达至另外21天施用的约500ng/kg/天。
本发明进一步提供了所有上述方法的实施方式,其中患者是人类患者。
附图说明
图1A-1C说明了示例性双抗体分子的总体结构。图1A提供了具有两个表位-结合结构域、异源二聚体-促进结构域和含有连接体的半胱氨酸的双链CD123 x CD3双特异性双抗体(“DART-A”也称为伏妥珠单抗(flotetuzumab))的第一和第二多肽链的结构。图1B-1C提供了包括三条多肽链的具有两个表位-结合结构域的CD123 x CD3双特异性双抗体的总体结构。两条多肽链拥有CH2和CH3结构域,使得缔合的链形成Fc结构域的全部或部分。包括VL和VH结构域的多肽链进一步包括异源二聚体-促进结构域和连接体。半胱氨酸残基可存在于连接体(图1A和1B)中和/或异源二聚体-促进结构域(图1C)中。识别相同表位的VL和VH结构域使用相同的阴影或填充图案显示。
图2说明了与对伏妥珠单抗完全应答相关的前10个基因的表达(完全缓解(CR)、具有部分血液学恢复的完全缓解(CRh)、具有不完全血液学恢复的完全缓解(CRi))。将该群组内每个基因的表达从-2至+2衡量(scaled)。在上部行中指示治疗后患者应答以及纳入研究时的状态和免疫簇。如先前详细说明的定义免疫簇状态(Vadakekolathu J,等(2020)“Immune Landscapes Predict Chemotherapy Resistance And Immunotherapy ResponseIn Acute Myeloid Leukemia,”Sci Transl Med.12:eaaz0463)。
图3绘制了展示出完全应答、部分应答和无应答的患者的10个基因标签评分。
图4显示了热图,其总结了来自具有复发难治性AML的患者的基线骨髓样品中10个基因分类评分和免疫细胞型特异性以及生物活性标签评分之间的相关系数。
图5显示了测量对来自伏妥珠单抗的抗白血病活性的单独的或组合的10个基因标签评分和ELN细胞遗传学风险的预测能力的AUROC曲线。
发明详述
本发明涉及治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤比如急性骨髓样白血病(AML)或脊髓发育不良综合征(MDS),包括对化疗剂和/或去甲基化剂难治性的血液系统恶性肿瘤的方法。方法涉及以有效刺激杀伤所述患者中所述血液系统恶性肿瘤的细胞的量向患者施用CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子。本发明尤其针对这种方法的实施方式,其中来自在这种施用之前的患者的细胞样品证明一种或多种靶基因的表达相对于这种基因的基线表达水平,例如,在正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体参考群体中这种基因的基线表达水平,或相对于参考基因的表达水平是增加的。
如上所述,化疗抗性和复发仍然是具有急性骨髓样白血病(AML)的儿童和成人死亡的重要原因。接受常规化疗后,预计只有26.9%的患者可以存活超过5年。
具有急性骨髓样白血病(AML)的患者的治疗方法在30多年中没有实质性改变。标准的一线疗法是阿糖胞苷与柔红霉素联合给予的双药物方案(所谓的7+3诱导疗法,本文缩写为“CTX”)。去甲基化剂(本文缩写为“HMA”)地西他滨和阿扎胞苷通常施用至老年患者或被认为不适合CTX方案的患者。然而,文献估计表明,多达45%的患者对标准的一线化疗是难治性的。由于这些药物通常对正常组织诱导的急性和长期副作用的严重程度,因此认为进一步强化常规的细胞毒素化疗是不可行的(Tasian,S.K.(2018“Acute MyeloidLeukemia Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Immunotherapy:How Far Up The RoadHave We Traveled?,”Ther.Adv.Hematol.9(6):135-148;Przespolewski,A.等(2018)“Advances In Immunotherapy For Acute Myeloid Leukemia”Future Oncol.14(10):963-978;Shimabukuro-Vornhagen,A.等(2018)“Cytokine Release Syndrome,”J.Immunother.Cancer.6(1):56第1-14页;Milone,M.C.等(2018)“The Pharmacology of TCell Therapies,”Mol.Ther.Methods Clin.Dev.8:210-221;Dhodapkar,M.V.等(2017)“Hematologic Malignancies:Plasma Cell Disorders,”Am.Soc.Clin.Oncol.Educ.Book.37:561-568;Kroschinsky,F.等(2017)“New Drugs,NewToxicities:Severe Side Effects Of Modern Targeted And Immunotherapy Of CancerAnd Their Management,”Crit.Care 14;21(1):89)。
接合T细胞的双特异性抗体刺激促炎细胞因子的释放。这些细胞因子可以通过直接的细胞毒性和通过激活和募集免疫细胞进入肿瘤部位来增加抗白血病功效(Hoseini,S.S.等(2107)“Acute Myeloid Leukemia Targets For Bispecific Antibodies,”BloodCancer Journal 7:e522,doi:10.1038/bcj.2017.2;第1-12页。特别地,正在在复发/难治性(“R/R”)AML的1/2期研究中测试使用伏妥珠单抗,CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子的治疗。尽管免疫疗法对选择性靶向导致血液系统恶性肿瘤的癌细胞具有大的潜力(参见,例如,Koch,J.等(2017)“Recombinant Antibodies to Arm Cytotoxic Lymphocytes inCancer Immunotherapy,”Transfus.Med.Hemother.44:337-350;Lichtenegger,F.S.等(2017)“Recent Developments In Immunotherapy Of Acute Myeloid Leukemia,”J.Hematol.Oncol.10:142,第1-20页),采用能够将T细胞靶向血液系统恶性肿瘤位置的双特异性结合分子的努力尚未完全成功。
因此,包括免疫疗法的新的治疗策略的发现仍然是优先事项。先前已经报道,具有免疫富集的且IFNγ优势的肿瘤微环境(“TME”)的AML患者经历无复发生存期显著缩短,表明对标准诱导化疗难治(Vadakekolathu,J.等(2017)“Immune Gene Expression Profilingin Children and Adults with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Identifies DistinctPhenotypic Patterns,”Blood 130:3942A)。此外,已经报道某些基因表达标签与对CD123x CD3双特异性分子,伏妥珠单抗的应答相关(Vadakekolathu J等(2020)“ImmuneLandscapes Predict Chemotherapy Resistance And Immunotherapy Response InAcute Myeloid Leukemia,”Sci.Transl.Med.12(546):eaaz0463)。
如本文使用的,术语“基因表达标签”旨在表示作为特定细胞类型和/或生物过程特征的一组基因的基因表达模式(参见,例如,Stenner,F.等(2018)“CancerImmunotherapy and the Immune Response in Follicular Lymphoma,”Front.Oncol.8:219doi:10.3389/fonc.2018.00219,第1-7页;Cesano,A.等(2018)“Bringing The NextGeneration Of Immuno-Oncology Biomarkers To The Clinic,”Biomedicines 6(14)doi:10.3390/biomedicines6010014,第1-11页;Shrestha,G.等(2016)“The Value OfGenomics In Dissecting The RAS-Network And In Guiding Therapeutics For RAS-Driven Cancers,”Semin.Cell Dev.Biol.58:108-117;Gingras,I.等(2015)“CCR 20thAnniversary Commentary:Gene-Expression Signature in Breast Cancer--Where DidIt Start and Where Are We Now?,”Clin.Cancer Res.21(21):4743-4746;Eberhart,C.G.(2011)“Molecular Diagnostics In Embryonal Brain Tumors,”Brain Pathol.21(1):96-104;Baylin,S.B.(2009)“Stem Cells,Cancer,And Epigenetics,”StemBook,ed.The Stem Cell Research Community,StemBook,doi/10.3824/stembook.1.50.1,第1-14页;Asakura,M.等(2009)“Global Gene Expression Profiling In The FailingMyocardium,”Circ.J.73(9):1568-1576;Shaffer,A.L.等(2001)“Signatures Of TheImmune Response,”Immunity 15(3):375-385;Staudt,L.M.等(2005)“The Biology OfHuman Lymphoid Malignancies Revealed By Gene Expression Profiling,”Adv.Immunol.87:163-208)。观察的基因表达标签和/或由改变的(或未改变的)生物过程引起的标签的变化可用于评估病原性医学条件的存在、性质和/或严重程度。
本发明的中心方面涉及鉴定独特的“10个基因表达标签”,其预测对采用CD123 xCD3双特异性结合分子的疗法,包括采用CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子伏妥珠单抗的疗法的有利应答。“10个基因表达标签”的10个基因是:SERPHINH1、NOTCH2、FCGR3A/B、FPR1、FBP1、PDGFA、CRABP2、THBS1、ICOS和CD8B。本发明部分源于认识到,具有血液系统恶性肿瘤(例如,急性骨髓样白血病)的患者的某些亚群体特别适合用CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子(例如,伏妥珠单抗)的治疗。该亚群的成员可以通过他们展示出升高表达这种10个基因表达标签的能力容易地鉴定。
I.鉴定特别地适合用本发明的CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子治疗的患者群体
A.用于确定“基因表达标签”的方法
为了确定患者是否展现出升高表达10个基因表达标签,从而被鉴定为特别适合使用本发明的方法和组合物治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤,评估来自从患者获得的细胞样品的RNA样品以确定其是否证明一种或多种“靶”基因的表达增加,其表达与这种标签相关。这种评估可使用预先存在的基因表达检测和/或测量,或可并入检测和/或测量这种基因表达的步骤。如本文使用的,术语“细胞样品”指含有细胞或细胞提取物的样品。
可采用任何细胞样品作为用于确定患者是否展示出以对采用CD123 xCD3双特异性结合分子的疗法有利应答的应答为特征的10个基因表达标签的RNA或蛋白质的来源。在某些实施方式中,使用从患者或供体群体的骨髓(BM)样品或血液样品或母细胞(癌细胞)样品获得的RNA进行这种基因表达比较。当从供体群体的这种细胞获得RNA以提供基线表达水平时,可以使用所采用的表达水平的平均值(例如,可以采用几何平均值)。许多不同的参考群体可用于这种基因表达比较。在特别的实施方式中,将由患者展示出的至少一种靶基因的表达水平与在以下中展现出的这种靶基因的表达水平比较:正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体;在确定这种参考表达水平时遭受这种血液系统恶性肿瘤的并对血液系统恶性肿瘤的治疗没有成功应答的个体的群体(即,对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤没有成功应答的个体的群体);和/或在确定这种参考表达水平时遭受这种血液系统恶性肿瘤的并其后使用本发明的方法和组合物成功治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体(即,对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤成功应答的个体的群体)。当比较者群体是正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体时,这种群体优选地包括正遭受与患者相同的血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体。这种群体可包括在用化疗剂预先治疗后复发和/或对用化疗剂治疗是难治性(即,原发性难治性)的个体。当比较者群体是用CD123 xCD3双特异性分子治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤成功或不成功应答的个体的群体时,这种群体优选地包括正遭受与患者相同的血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体。
如本文使用的,如果相对于基线或其他比较者(例如,这种基因在群体中的表达),其表达是至少约10%更多,至少约20%更多、至少约30%更多、至少约40%更多、至少约50%更多、至少约60%更多、至少约70%更多、至少约80%更多、至少约90%更多、至少约1.5倍更多、至少约2倍更多、至少约2.5倍更多、至少约3倍更多、至少约3.5倍更多、至少约4倍更多、至少约4.5倍更多、至少约5倍更多、至少约5.5倍更多、至少约6倍更多、至少约6.5倍更多、至少约7倍更多、至少约7.5倍更多、至少约8倍更多、至少约8.5倍更多、至少约9倍更多、至少约10倍更多,则该基因的表达被称为“增加”。可替选地,这种增加依照“log2倍数变化”描述。对于表达的增加,0.4的log2倍数变化相当于约30%更多的表达;0.5的log2倍数变化相当于约40%更多的表达;0.6的log2倍数变化相当于约50%更多的表达;0.7的log2倍数变化相当于约60%更多的表达;0.8的log2倍数变化相当于约70%更多的表达;0.9的log2倍数变化相当于约90%更多的表达;1的log2倍数变化相当于2倍增加;1.5的log2倍数变化相当于2.8倍增加;2的log2倍数变化相当于4倍增加;2.5的log2倍数变化相当于5.7倍增加;3的log2倍数变化相当于8倍增加;3.5的log2倍数变化相当于11.3倍增加;4的log2倍数变化相当于16倍增加等。Log2倍数变化通常用于比较计数与阵列数据并且也适用于t检验。
可替选地,这种增加依照“基因标签评分”描述,其中靶基因簇的每一个的表达经测量、针对一个或多个看家基因和/或内部标准进行标准化并求和以生成单个基因标签评分。可选地,在标准化后且在求和之前,每个靶基因的表达可对数转化和/或加权。用于计算这种评分的方法是本领域已知的并且本文提供了具体方法(参见,以下的实施例1)。
如果患者的10个基因标签评分大于从正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平计算的基因标签评分的第一四分位数(即大于底部25%)、大于从正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平计算的基因标签评分的第二四分位数(即,大于下方的50%)、大于从正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平计算的基因标签评分的基因标签评分的第三四分位数(即,大于下方的75%)、大于从正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平计算的基因标签评分的85%、大于90%或大于95%,患者的10个基因标签评分也被称为“增加”。
如果患者的10个基因标签评分大于从对血液系统恶性肿瘤的治疗没有成功应答的个体的群体(例如,CD123 x CD3双特异性分子对血液系统恶性肿瘤的治疗没有成功应答的个体的群体)中这种靶基因的表达水平计算的基因标签评分的第一四分位数(即大于底部25%)、大于从对血液系统恶性肿瘤的治疗没有成功应答的个体的群体(例如,CD123 xCD3双特异性分子对血液系统恶性肿瘤的治疗没有成功应答的个体的群体)中这种靶基因的表达水平计算的基因标签评分的第二四分位数(即,大于下方的50%)、大于从对血液系统恶性肿瘤的治疗没有成功应答的个体的群体(例如,CD123 x CD3双特异性分子对血液系统恶性肿瘤的治疗没有成功应答的个体的群体)中这种靶基因的表达水平计算的基因标签评分的第三四分位数(即,大于下方的75%)、大于从对血液系统恶性肿瘤的治疗没有成功应答的个体的群体(例如,CD123 x CD3双特异性分子对血液系统恶性肿瘤的治疗没有成功应答的个体的群体)中这种靶基因的表达水平计算的基因标签评分的85%、大于90%或大于95%,患者的10个基因标签评分也被称为“增加”。
如果患者的10个基因标签评分在从使用本发明的方法和组合物对血液系统恶性肿瘤先前已经成功治疗的个体的群体(例如,对使用CD123 xCD3双特异性分子治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤成功应答的个体的群体)中这种靶基因的表达水平计算的基因标签评分的至少第一四分位数内(即在底部25%内),在至少第二四分位数内(即在底部25%和50%之间),在至少第三四分位数(即在底部50%和75%之间)内、大于85%、大于90%或大于95%的基因标签评分,患者的10个基因标签评分也被称为“增加”。
发现增加的10个基因标签评分表明对用本发明的CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤更有利的患者应答。
在一个实施方式中,通过确定靶基因的表达是否相对于当这种患者是健康时或在这种患者接受血液系统恶性肿瘤的诊断之前被评估的患者中其表达的基线水平,或相对于在这种患者的化疗治疗方案的过程期间时或在这种患者的涉及CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子的治疗方案的过程期间该基因的表达是“增加”的,将患者鉴定为展示出升高的10个基因表达标签,并且因此特别适合使用本发明的方法和组合物治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤。
在第二个实施方式中,通过比较一种或多种靶基因的表达水平与从正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体中这种靶基因的平均的和加权的基线表达水平,将患者鉴定为展示出升高的10个基因表达标签,并且因此特别适合使用本发明的方法和组合物治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤。其表达大于这种平均的或加权的基线水平的靶基因被称为展现出“增加的”表达水平,并且本发明的方法和组合物特别适用于治疗这种患者的血液系统恶性肿瘤。例如,本发明的方法和组合物特别适用于展示出大于正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的第一四分位数(即大于底部25%)的“增加的”靶基因表达水平的患者。本发明的方法和组合物特别适用于展示出大于正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的第二四分位数(即大于底部50%)的“增加的”靶基因表达水平的患者。本发明的方法和组合物特别适用于展示出大于正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的第三四分位数(即大于底部75%)的“增加的”靶基因表达水平的患者。本发明的方法和组合物特别适用于展示出大于正遭受血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的85%、大于90%或大于95%的“增加的”靶基因表达水平的患者。
在第三个实施方式中,通过比较一种或多种靶基因的表达水平与对于使用本发明的方法和组合物对血液系统恶性肿瘤先前没有成功治疗的个体的群体(例如,对使用CD123x CD3双特异性分子治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤没有成功应答的个体的群体)中这种靶基因的平均的或加权的基线表达水平,将患者鉴定为展示出升高的10个基因表达标签,并且因此特别适合使用本发明的方法和组合物治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤。其表达等于或大于这种平均的或加权的基线水平的靶基因被称为展示出“增加的”表达水平,并且本发明的方法和组合物特别适用于治疗这种患者的血液系统恶性肿瘤。本发明的方法和组合物特别适用于展示出大于这种没有成功治疗的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的第一四分位数(即大于底部25%)的“增加的”靶基因表达水平的患者。本发明的方法和组合物特别适用于展示出大于这种没有成功治疗的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的第二四分位数(即大于底部50%)的“增加的”靶基因表达水平的患者。本发明的方法和组合物特别适用于展示出大于这种没有成功治疗的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的第三四分位数(即大于底部75%)的”增加的”靶基因表达水平的患者。本发明的方法和组合物特别适用于展示出大于这种没有成功治疗的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的85%、大于90%或大于95%的”增加的”靶基因表达水平的患者。
在第四个实施方式中,通过比较一种或多种靶基因的表达水平与对于使用本发明的方法和组合物对血液系统恶性肿瘤先前成功治疗的个体的群体(例如,对使用CD123 xCD3双特异性分子治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤成功应答的个体的群体)中这种靶基因的平均的或加权的基线表达水平,将患者鉴定为展示出升高的10个基因表达标签,并且因此特别适合使用本发明的方法和组合物治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤。其表达等于或大于这种平均的或加权的基线水平的靶基因被称为展示出“增加的”表达水平,并且本发明的方法和组合物特别适用于治疗这种患者的血液系统恶性肿瘤。本发明的方法和组合物特别适用于展示出在这种成功治疗的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的至少第一四分位数内(即在底部25%内)的“增加的”靶基因表达水平的患者。本发明的方法和组合物特别适用于展示出在这种成功治疗的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的至少第二四分位数内(即在底部25%和50%之间)的“增加的”靶基因表达水平的患者。本发明的方法和组合物特别适用于展示出在这种成功治疗的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的至少第三四分位数内(即在底部50%和75%之间)的“增加的”靶基因表达水平的患者。本发明的方法和组合物甚至更特别适用于展示出在这种先前治疗的个体的群体中这种靶基因的表达水平的至少第四四分位数内(即,底部75%以上)的“增加的”靶基因表达水平的患者。
在某些实施方式中,通过比较靶基因的表达水平与一种或多种与疾病无关或不因疾病状态展现出表达增加的基因(“参考”基因)的表达水平来确定靶基因的表达是否“增加”。由于参考基因通常以不同水平表达,因此可利用参考基因的表达的几何平均值来计算比例因数。几何平均值通过将数据集中每个样品值的每个基因相乘,然后取所得乘积的第n个根(其中n是组中的数字计数)来获得。几何平均值类似于算术平均值,因为其表示一组数字的集中趋势。然而,与算术平均值不同,几何平均值对探针之间计数水平幅度的变化不太敏感。为了比较整个样品群组的生物标签,可使用来自一组“参考”基因的几何平均值来标准化整个数据集的个体样品,以便在生物基因之间进行比较,而不受技术差异的影响比如样品质量输入和样品质量。
优选的“参考”基因在正常和恶性的细胞中以相同水平的组成型表达。看家基因(Eisenberg,E.等(2003)“Human Housekeeping Genes Are Compact,”Trends inGenetics.19(7):362-365;kon Butte,A.J.等(2001)“Further Defining Housekeeping,Or"Maintenance,"Genes Focus On′A Compendium Of Gene Expression In NormalHuman Tissues’,”Physiol.Genomics.7(2):95-96;Zhu,J.等(2008)“On The Nature OfHuman Housekeeping Genes,”Trends in Genetics24(10):481-484;Eisenberg,E.等(2013)“Human Housekeeping Genes,Revisited,”Trends in Genetics.29(10):569-574),比如用于维持基本细胞功能的所需基因是一类优选的参考基因。
在进一步的实施方式中,本发明的CD123 x CD3结合分子疗法可另外包括施用抗人PD-L1结合分子,比如抗人PD-L1抗体,或具有人PD-L1结合结构域的双抗体。按照该实施方式可使用的抗人PD-L1结合分子包括阿特利珠单抗(atezolizumab)、阿维单抗(avelumab)和德瓦鲁单抗(durvalumab)(参见,例如,美国专利号9,873,740;8,779,108)。阿特利珠单抗(WHO药物信息,2015,推荐的INN:列表74,29(3):387)、德瓦鲁单抗(WHO药物信息,2015,推荐的INN:列表74,29(3):393-394)和阿维单抗(WHO药物信息,2016,推荐的INN:列表74,30(1):100-101)的完整重链和轻链的氨基酸序列是本领域已知的。
在可替选的进一步实施方式中,本发明的CD123 x CD3结合分子疗法可另外包括施用抗人PD-1结合分子,比如抗人PD-1抗体,或具有人PD-1结合结构域的双抗体。按照该实施方式可使用的抗人PD-1结合分子包括:纳武单抗(nivolumab)(也称为5C4、BMS-936558、ONO-4538、MDX-1106,并且通过Bristol-Myers Squibb作为销售)、派姆单抗(pembrolizumab)(之前称为兰罗利珠单抗(lambrolizumab),也称为MK-3475、SCH-900475,并且通过Merck作为销售)、EH12.2H7(从BioLegend商业上可获得的)、匹地利珠单抗(pidilizumab)(CAS注册号:1036730-42-3,也称为CT-011,CureTech)、瑞弗利单抗(retifanlimab)(CAS注册号:2226345-85-1,也称为MGA012)和DART-I(WO 2017/019846中公开的),(还参见,例如,美国专利号5,952,136;7,488,802;7,521,051;8,008,449;8,088,905;8,354,509;8,552,154;8,779,105;8,900,587;9,084,776;PCT专利公开WO2004/056875;WO 2006/121168;WO 2008/156712;WO 2012/135408;WO 2012/145493;WO2013/014668;WO 2014/179664;WO 2014/194302;WO 2015/112800;WO 2017/019846和WO2017/214092)。
B.示例性“靶”基因
C.示例性“参考”基因
在正常和恶性细胞中以相同水平组成型表达的看家基因包括示例性类型的参考基因。看家基因包括参与一般基因表达(比如编码转录因子、阻遏物、RNA剪接因子、翻译因子、tRNA合成酶、RNA结合蛋白、核糖体蛋白、线粒体核糖体蛋白、RNA聚合酶、蛋白质加工因子、热休克蛋白、组蛋白、细胞周期调节剂、细胞凋亡、癌基因、DNA修复/复制等的基因),代谢(比如编码以下的酶的基因:碳水化合物代谢、柠檬酸循环、脂质代谢、氨基酸代谢、NADH脱氢酶、细胞色素C氧化酶、ATPase、溶酶体酶、蛋白酶体蛋白、核糖核酸酶、硫还原酶等),细胞结构完整性(比如编码细胞骨架蛋白、参与细胞器合成的蛋白、线粒体蛋白等的基因)和细胞表面蛋白(比如编码细胞粘附蛋白、离子通道和转运蛋白、受体、HLA/免疫球蛋白/细胞识别蛋白等的基因)、激酶/信号传导蛋白(比如生长因子、组织坏死因子、酪蛋白激酶等)的基因。适用于该目的的参考基因包括编码以下的基因:
·甾醇调节成分结合蛋白(例如,ATF1、ATF2、ATF4、ATF6、ATF7、ATF7、BTF3、E2F4、ERH、HMGB1、ILF2、IER2、JUND、TCEB2等);
·阻遏物(例如,PUF60等);
·RNA剪接蛋白质(例如,BAT1、HNRPD、HNRPK、PABPN1、SRSF3等);
·翻译因子(例如,EIF1、EIF1AD、EIF1B、EIF2A、EIF2AK1、EIF2AK3、EIF2AK4、EIF2AK1、EIF2B2、EIF2B3、EIF2B4、EIF2S2、EIF3A、EIF3B、EIF3D、EIF3G、EIF3I、EIF3H、EIF3J、EIF3K、EIF3L、EIF3M、EIF3S5、EIF3S8、EIF4A1、EIF4A2、EIF4A3、EIF4E2、EIF4G1、EIF4G2、EIF4G3、EIF4H、EIF5、EIF5、EIF5A、EIF5AL1、EIF5B、EIF6、TUFM等);
·tRNA合成酶(例如,AARS、AARS2、AARSD1434、CARS、CARS2、DARS、DARS2、EARS2614、FARS2、FARSA、FARSB、GARS、HARS、HARS2、IARS、IARS2、KARS、LARS2、MARS、MARS2、NARS、NARS2、QARS、RARS、RARS2、SARS、TARS、VARS2、WARS2、YARS、YARS2436等);
·RNA结合蛋白(例如,ELAVL1等);
·核糖体蛋白(例如,RPL5、RPL8、RPL9、RPL10A、RPL11、RPL14、RPL25、RPL26L1、RPL27、RPL30、RPL32、RPL34、RPL35、RPL35A、RPL36AL、RPS5、RPS6、RPS6KA3、RPS6KB1、RPS6KB2、RPS13、RPS19BP1、RPS20、RPS23、RPS24、RPS27、RPN1等);
·线粒体核糖体蛋白(例如,MRPL9、MRPL1、MRPL10、MRPL11、MRPL12、MRPL13、MRPL14、MRPL15、MRPL16、MRPL17、MRPL18、MRPL19、MRPL2、MRPL20、MRPL21、MRPL22、MRPL23、MRPL24、MRPL27、MRPL28、MRPL3、MRPL30、MRPL32、MRPL33、MRPL35、MRPL36、MRPL37、MRPL38、MRPL4、MRPL40、MRPL41、MRPL42、MRPL43、MRPL44、MRPL45、MRPL46、MRPL47、MRPL48、MRPL49、MRPL50、MRPL51、MRPL52、MRPL53、MRPL54、MRPL55、MRPL9、MRPS10、MRPS11、MRPS12、MRPS14、MRPS15、MRPS16、MRPS17、MRPS18A、MRPS18B、MRPS18C、MRPS2、MRPS21、MRPS22、MRPS23、MRPS24、MRPS25、MRPS26、MRPS27、MRPS28、MRPS30、MRPS31、MRPS33、MRPS34、MRPS35、MRPS5、MRPS6、MRPS7、MRPS9等);
·RNA聚合酶(例如,POLR1C、POLR1D、POLR1E、POLR2A、POLR2B、POLR2C、POLR2D、POLR2E、POLR2F、POLR2G、POLR2H、POLR2I、POLR2J、POLR2K、POLR2L、POLR3C、POLR3E、POLR3GL、POLR3K等);
·蛋白质加工蛋白(例如,PPID、PPIE、PPIF、PPIG、PPIH、CANX、CAPN1、CAPN7、CAPNS1、NACA、NACA2、PFDN2、PFDN4、PFDN5、PFDN6、SNX2、SNX3、SNX4、SNX5、SNX6、SNX9、SNX12、SNX13、SNX17、SNX18、SNX19、SNX25、SSR1、SSR2、SSR3、SUMO1、SUMO3等);
·热休克蛋白(例如,HSPA4、HSPA5、HSPA8、HSPA9、HSPA14、HSBP1等);
·组蛋白(例如,HIST1H2BC、H1FX、H2AFV、H2AFX、H2AFY、H2AFZ等);
·细胞周期蛋白(例如,ARHGAP35、ARHGAP5、ARHGDIA、ARHGEF10L、ARHGEF11、ARHGEF40、ARHGEF7、RAB10、RAB11A、RAB11B、RAB14、RAB18、RAB1A、RAB1B、RAB21、RAB22A、RAB2A、RAB2B380、RAB3GAP1、RAB3GAP2、RAB40C、RAB4A、RAB5A、RAB5B、RAB5C、RAB6A、RAB7A、RAB9A、RABEP1、RABEPK、RABGEF1、RABGGTA、RABGGTB、CENPB、CTBP1、CCNB1IP1、CCNDBP1、CCNG1、CCNH、CCNK402、CCNL1、CCNL2、CCNY、PPP1CA、PPP1CC、PPP1R10、PPP1R11、PPP1R15B、PPP1R37、PPP1R7、PPP1R8、PPP2CA、PPP2CB552、PPP2R1A、PPP2R2A、PPP2R2D、PPP2R3C、PPP2R4、PPP2R5A、PPP2R5B、PPP2R5C、PPP2R5D、PPP2R5E、PPP4C、PPP4R1、PPP4R2、PPP5C、PPP6C、PPP6R2、PPP6R3、RAD1、RAD17、RAD23B、RAD50、RAD51C、IST1等);
·凋亡蛋白(例如,DAD1、DAP3、DAXX等);
·癌基因蛋白(例如,ARAF、MAZ、MYC等);
·DNA修复/复制蛋白(例如,MCM3AP、XRCC5、XRCC6等);
·代谢蛋白质(例如,PRKAG1、PRKAA1、PRKAB1、PRKACA、PRKAG1、PRKAR1A、PRKRIP1等);
·碳水化合物代谢蛋白(例如,ALDOA、B3GALT6、B4GALT3、B4GALT5、B4GALT7、GSK3A、GSK3B、TPI1、PGK1、PGAM5、ENOPH1、LDHA、TALDO1、TSTA3);
·柠檬酸循环蛋白(例如,SDHA、SDHAF2、SDHB、SDHC、SDHD等);
·脂质代谢蛋白(例如,HADHA等);
·氨基酸代谢蛋白(例如,COMT等);
·NADH脱氢酶(例如,NDUFA2、NDUFA3、NDUFA4、NDUFA5、NDUFA6、NDUFA7、NDUFA8、NDUFA9、NDUFA10、NDUFA11、NDUFA12、NDUFA13、NDUFAF2、NDUFAF3、NDUFAF4、NDUFB2、NDUFB3、NDUFB4、NDUFB5、NDUFB6、NDUFB7、NDUFB10、NDUFB11、NDUFB8、NDUFB9、NDUFC1、NDUFC2、NDUFC2、NDUFS5、NDUFV2、NDUFS2、NDUFS3、NDUFS4、NDUFS5、NDUFS6、NDUFS7、NDUFS8、NDUFV1、NDUFV2等);
·细胞色素C氧化酶(例如,COX4I1、COX5B、COX6B1、COX6C、COX7A2、COX7A2L、COX7C、COX8、COX8A、COX11、COX14、COX15、COX16、COX19617、COX20、CYC1、UQCC、UQCR10、UQCR11、UQCRB、UQCRC1、UQCRC2、UQCRHL591、UQCRQ、ATPase、ATP2C1、ATP5A1、ATP5B、ATP5C1、ATP5D、ATP5F1、ATP5G2、ATP5G3、ATP5H、ATP5J、ATP5J2、ATP5J2、ATP5L、ATP5O、ATP5S、ATP5SL、ATP6AP1、ATP6V0A2、ATP6V0B、ATP6V0C、ATP6V0D1、ATP6V0E1、ATP6V1C1、ATP6V1D、ATP6V1E1、ATP6V1F、ATP6V1G1、ATP6V1H、ATPAF2、ATPIF1等);
·溶酶体蛋白(例如,CTSD、CSTB、LAMP1、LAMP2、M6PR等);
·蛋白酶体蛋白(例如,PSMA1、PSMA2、PSMA3、PSMA4、PSMA5、PSMA6、PSMA7、PSMB1、PSMB2、PSMB3、PSMB4、PSMB5、PSMB6、PSMB7、PSMC2、PSMC3、PSMC4、PSMC5、PSMC6、PSMD1、PSMD10、PSMD11、PSMD12、PSMD13、PSMD14、PSMD2、PSMD3、PSMD4、PSMD5、PSMD6、PSMD7、PSMD8、PSMD9、PSME2、PSME3、PSMF1、PSMG2、PSMG3、PSMG4591、UBA1、UBA2、UBA3、UBA5、UBA52、UBAC2、UBALD1、UBAP1、UBAP2L、UBB、UBC、UBE2A、UBE2B、UBE2D2、UBE2D3、UBE2D4、UBE2E1、UBE2E2、UBE2E3、UBE2F、UBE2G2、UBE2H、UBE2I、UBE2J1、UBE2J2、UBE2K、UBE2L3、UBE2M、UBE2N、UBE2NL989、UBE2Q1、UBE2R2、UBE2V1、UBE2V2、UBE2W、UBE2Z、UBE3A、UBE3B、UBE3C、UBE4A、UBE4B、USP10、USP14、USP16、USP19、USP22、USP25、USP27X073、USP33、USP38、USP39、USP4、USP47、USP5、USP7、USP8、USP9X590等);
·核糖核酸酶(例如,RNH等);
·硫还原酶(例如,TXN2、TXNDC11、TXNDC12、TXNDC15、TXNDC17、TXNDC9、TXNL1、TXNL4A、TXNL4B、TXNRD1、细胞骨架、ANXA6、ANXA7、ARPC1A、ARPC2、ARPC5L、CAPZA2、CAPZB、RHOB、RHOT1、RHOT2、TUBB、WDR1等);
·参与细胞器合成的蛋白(例如,BLOC1S1、BLOC1S2、BLOC1S3、BLOC1S4、BLOC1S6、AP1G1、AP1M1、AP2A1、AP2A2、AP2M1、AP2S1、AP3B1、AP3D1、AP3M1、AP3S1、AP3S2、AP4B1、AP5M1、ANXA6、ANXA7、AP1B1、CLTA、CLTB、CLTC等);
·线粒体蛋白(例如,MTX2等);
·细胞表面蛋白(例如,AP2S1、CD81、GPAA1、LGALS9、MGAT2、MGAT4B、VAMP3等);
·细胞粘附蛋白(例如,CTNNA1、CTNNB1、CTNNBIP1、CTNNBL1、CTNND1458等);
·离子通道和转运蛋白(例如,ABCB10、ABCB7、ABCD3、ABCE1、ABCF1、ABCF2、ABCF3、CALM1、MFSD11、MFSD12、MFSD3、MFSD5、SLC15A4、SLC20A1、SLC25A11、SLC25A26、SLC25A28、SLC25A3、SLC25A32、SLC25A38、SLC25A39、SLC25A44、SLC25A46、SLC25A5、SLC27A4、SLC30A1、SLC30A5、SLC30A9、SLC35A2、SLC35A4、SLC35B1、SLC35B2、SLC35C2、SLC35E1、SLC35E3、SLC35F5、SLC38A2、SLC39A1、SLC39A3、SLC39A7、SLC41A3、SLC46A3、SLC48A1、受体、ACVR1、ACVR1B、CD23等);
·HLA/免疫球蛋白/细胞识别蛋白(例如,BAT1、BSG、MIF、TAPBP等);
·激酶/信号传导蛋白(例如,ADRBK1、AGPAT1、ARF1、ARF3、ARF4、ARF5、ARL2、CSF1、CSK、DCT、EFNA3、FKBP1A、GDI1、GNAS1、GNAI2、HAX1、ILK、MAPKAPK2、MAP2K2、MAP3K11、PITPNM、RAC1、RAP1B、RAGA、STK19、STK24、STK25、YWHAB、YWHAH、YWHAQ、YWHAZ等);
·生长因子(例如,AIF1、HDGF、HGS、LTBP4、VEGFB、ZFP36L1、组织坏死因子、CD40、酪蛋白激酶、CSNK1E、CSNK2B等);和·混杂的蛋白(例如,ALAS1、ARHGEF2、ARMET、AES、BECN1、BUD31、CKB、CPNE1、ENSA、FTH1、GDI2、GUK1、HPRT、IFITM1、JTB、MMPL2、NME2、NONO、P4HB、PRDX1、PTMA、RPA2、SULT1A3、SYNGR2、TTC1、C11Orf13、C14orf2、C21orf33、SPAG7、SRM、TEGT、DAZAP2、MEA1等)。
示例性看家基因包括表2中列出的那些。表2也提供了每个基因的代表性、非限制性NCBI登录号。可采用这种基因(和/或其剪接变体)的任何组合或亚组合。
在某些实施方式中,利用以下参考基因:ABCF1、G6PD、NRDE2、OAZ1、POLR2A、SDHA、STK11IP、TBC1D10B、TBP和UBB。
D.评估靶基因和参考基因的表达的示例性方法
为了揭示靶基因相对于基线或参考基因的表达水平,对应于每个评估的靶基因的细胞样品中mRNA的量经确定并且针对对应于基线或参考基因的mRNA表达进行标准化。可以采用任何合适的方法来完成这种分析。示例性方法采用分析系统(NanoString Technologies,Inc.)。在分析系统中,样品的RNA在足以允许样品RNA杂交至探针的条件下,在基因特异性报告探针和捕获探针的集合存在的情况下孵育。每个报告探针都携带荧光条形码,并且每个捕获探针含有能够将杂交复合物固定至固体支持物以进行数据收集的生物素部分。杂交后,去除过量的探针,并且通过自动荧光显微镜扫描支持物。为每个靶分子计算条形码。数据分析可使用4.0分析软件(NanoString Technologies,Inc.)或相似的软件进行。实施例1中显示的数据使用PanCancer IO 360TMGene Expression Panel试剂盒(NanoString Technologies,Inc.)获得的,该试剂盒含有用于770个不同基因的探针集合(750个基因覆盖了在肿瘤界面处、肿瘤微环境和免疫应答的关键通路)和可用于数据标准化的20个内部参考基因(表5)。10个基因标签评分计算如下:
·将每个基因的原始数据计数针对每个样品选择的管家(HK)基因(例如,ABCF1、NRDE2、G6PD、OAZ1、POLR2A、SDHA、STK11IP、TBC1D10B、TBP、UBB)的几何平均值进行标准化。
·然后将HK标准化的数据针对IO 360分组标准进行标准化,优选地针对在与测试的样品相同的盒上运行的那些标准。
·然后对数转换每个标准化的基因计数。
·将每个标准化的和对数转换的RNA值加在一起。
·将标准化的对数转换的RNA值的总和除以标签中靶基因的数量(即10个)以生成单个评分。
II.示例性CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子
A.JNJ-63709178
JNJ-63709178是具有沉默Fc功能的人源化IgG4双特异性抗体。抗体是使用Genmab技术生产的,并且能够结合肿瘤细胞上的CD123和T细胞上的CD3。JNJ-63709178能够将T细胞募集至CD123-表达肿瘤细胞并且在体外诱导这些肿瘤细胞的杀伤(MOLM-13、OCI-AML5和KG-1;EC50=0.51-0.91nM)。JNJ-63709178公开在WO 2016/036937;Gaudet,F.等(2016)“Development of a CD123 x CD3 Bispecific Antibody(JNJ-63709178)for the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia(AML)”,Blood128:2824;和Forslund,A.等(2016)“Ex Vivo Activity Profile of the CD123 x CD3Antibody JNJ-63709178Against Primary Acute Myeloid Leukemia Bone MarrowSamples,”Blood 128:2875中,其文件通过引用并入本文)。JNJ-63709178和/或相关抗体的重链和轻链的氨基酸序列:13RB179、13RB180、13RB181、13RB182、13RB183、13RB186、13RB187、13RB188、13RB189、CD3B19,7959、3978、7955、9958、8747、8876、4435和5466公开在WO 2016/036937中。
B.XmAb14045
XmAb14045(也称为维克妥单抗(vibecotamab))是含有CD123结合结构域和细胞毒素T-细胞结合结构域(CD3)二者的肿瘤-靶向抗体。XmAb双特异性Fc结构域用作这些两个抗原结合结构域的支架,并且赋予XmAb14045长的循环半衰期、稳定性和易于制造。XmAb14045与CD3的接合激活T细胞以高效和靶向杀伤CD123-表达肿瘤细胞(美国专利公开2017/0349660;Chu,S.Y.等(2014)“Immunotherapy with Long-Lived Anti-CD123 x CD3Bispecific Antibodies Stimulates Potent T Cell-Mediated Killing of Human AMLCell Lines and of CD123+Cells in Monkeys:A Potential Therapy for AcuteMyelogenous Leukemia,”Blood 124(21):2316,其文件通过引用并入本文)。XmAb14045和类似的CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子的重链和轻链的氨基酸序列公开在美国专利公开2017/0349660中和WHO药物信息,推荐INN列表120,2018,32(4):658-660中。
C.APVO436
APVO436是具有抗CD123 scFv部分和抗CD3 scFv部分的ADAPTIRTMCD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子。每个scFv部分结合至已经被修饰以消除ADCC/CDC效应子功能的Fc结合域。公开了APVO436以低nM范围中的EC50值结合人CD123和CD3-表达细胞,并且表明以低效应子与靶比率针对CD123-表达肿瘤细胞系的有效靶特异性活性。公开了APVO436能够有效地诱导T-细胞启动和增殖,伴随着CD123表达细胞在原发性(primary)AML受试者样品和正常供体样品的实验中的消耗。APVO436(参见,Comeau,M.R.等(2018)“APVO436,a Bispecificanti-CD123x anti-CD3 ADAPTIRTMMolecule for Redirected T-cell Cytotoxicity,Induces Potent T-cell Activation,Proliferation and Cytotoxicity with LimitedCytokine Release,”AACR Annual Meeting April 2018,Abstract 1786;Godwin,C.D.等(2017)“Bispecific Anti-CD123 x Anti-CD3 ADAPTIRTMMolecules APVO436and APVO437Have Broad Activity Against Primary Human AML Cells In Vitro,”AmericanSociety of Hematology Annual Meeting,December 2017,Blood130:2639;Comeau,M.R.等(2017)“Bispecific anti-CD123 x anti-CD3ADAPTIRTMMolecules for Redirected T-cell Cytotoxicity in Hematological Malignancies,”AACR Annual Meeting April2017,Abstract 597)。APVO436CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子的重链和轻链的氨基酸序列公开在WO2018/057802A1中。
D.DART-A
DART-A(也称为伏妥珠单抗,CAS号:1664355-28-5)是本发明的示例性CD123 xCD3双特异性结合分子。DART-A是能够同时和特异性结合至CD123的表位和CD3的表位的序列优化的双特异性双抗体(“CD123x CD3”双特异性双抗体)(美国专利公布号US 2016-0200827,在PCT公布WO 2015/026892,在Al-Hussaini,M.等(2016)“Targeting CD123 InAcute Myeloid Leukemia Using A T-Cell-Directed Dual-Affinity RetargetingPlatform,”Blood 127:122-131,在Vey,N.等(2017)“A Phase 1,First-in-Human Studyof MGD006/S80880(CD123 x CD3)in AML/MDS,”2017ASCO Annual Meeting,June 2-6,2017,Chicago,IL:Abstract TPS7070,其每个文件通过引用以其整体并入本文)。发现DART-A相对于类似组成的其他非序列优化的CD123x CD3双特异性双抗体展示出增强的功能活性,并且因此被称为“序列优化的”CD123 x CD3双特异性双抗体。PCT申请PCT/US2017/050471描述了用于向患者施用DART-A的特定的给药方案,并且通过引用以其整体并入本文。
DART-A包括第一多肽链和第二多肽链(图1)。双特异性双抗体的第一多肽链在N-末端至C-末端方向上将包括N-末端、能够结合至CD3的单克隆抗体的轻链可变结构域(VL结构域)(VLCD3)、间插连接体肽(连接体1)、能够结合至CD123的单克隆抗体的重链可变结构域(VH结构域)(VHCD123)和C-末端。
这种VLCD3结构域的示例性序列是SEQ ID NO:1:
QAVVTQEPSL TVSPGGTVTL TCRSSTGAVT TSNYANWVQQ KPGQAPRGLI
GGTNKRAPWT PARFSGSLLG GKAALTITGA QAEDEADYYC ALWYSNLWVF
GGGTKLTVLG
VLCD3的抗原结合结构域包括:
CDRL1(SEQ ID NO:2):RSSTGAVTTSNYAN
CDRL2(SEQ ID NO:3):GTNKRAP
CDRL3(SEQ ID NO:4):ALWYSNLWV
这种连接体1的示例性序列是SEQ ID NO:5:GGGSGGGG。这种VHCD123结构域的示例性序列是SEQ ID NO:6:
EVQLVQSGAE LKKPGASVKV SCKASGYTFT DYYMKWVRQA PGQGLEWIGD
IIPSNGATFY NQKFKGRVTI TVDKSTSTAY MELSSLRSED TAVYYCARSH
LLRASWFAYW GQGTLVTVSS
VHCD123的抗原结合结构域包括:
CDRH1(SEQ ID NO:7):DYYMK
CDRH2(SEQ ID NO:8):DIIPSNGATFYNQKFKG
CDRH3(SEQ ID NO:9):SHLLRASWFAY
第二多肽链将包括,在N-末端至C-末端方向上,N-末端、能够结合至CD123的单克隆抗体的VL结构域(VLCD123)、间插连接体肽(例如,连接体1)、能够结合至CD3的单克隆抗体的VH结构域(VHCD3)和C-末端。这种VLCD123结构域的示例性序列是SEQ ID NO:10:
DFVMTQSPDS LAVSLGERVT MSCKSSQSLL NSGNQKNYLT WYQQKPGQPP
KLLIYWASTR ESGVPDRFSG SGSGTDFTLT ISSLQAEDVA VYYCQNDYSY
PYTFGQGTKL EIK
VLCD123的抗原结合结构域包括:
CDRL1(SEQ ID NO:11):KSSQSLLNSGNQKNYLT
CDRL2(SEQ ID NO:12):WASTRES
CDRL3(SEQ ID NO:13):QNDYSYPYT
这种VHCD3结构域的示例性序列是SEQ ID NO:14:
EVQLVESGGG LVQPGGSLRL SCAASGFTFS TYAMNWVRQA PGKGLEWVGR
IRSKYNNYAT YYADSVKDRF TISRDDSKNS LYLQMNSLKT EDTAVYYCVR
HGNFGNSYVS WFAYWGQGTL VTVSS
VHCD3的抗原结合结构域包括:
CDRH1(SEQ ID NO:15):TYAMN
CDRH2(SEQ ID NO:16):RIRSKYNNYATYYADSVKD
CDRH3(SEQ ID NO:17):HGNFGNSYVSWFAY
本发明的序列优化的的CD123 x CD3双特异性双抗体经工程化使得这种第一和第二多肽经半胱氨酸残基沿着它们的长度共价键合至彼此。这种半胱氨酸残基可引入将多肽的VL和VH结构域分开的间插连接体(例如,连接体1)中。可替选地,将第二肽(连接体2)引入每条多肽链中,例如,在这种多肽链的N-末端至VL结构域或C-末端至VH结构域的位置处。这种连接体2的示例性序列是SEQ ID NO:18:GGCGGG。
异源二聚体的形成可通过进一步工程化这种多肽链以含有带相反电荷的多肽螺旋来驱动。因此,在特定的实施方式中,多肽链之一将经工程化以含有“E-螺旋”结构域(SEQID NO:19:EVAALEKEVAALEKEVAALEKEVAALEK),其残基将在pH 7形成负电荷,而两条多肽链的另一条经工程化以含有“K-螺旋”结构域(SEQ ID NO:20:KVAALKEKVAALKEKVAALKEKVAALKE),其残基将在pH 7形成正电荷。这种带电的结构域的存在促进第一多肽和第二多肽之间的缔合,并且因此促进异源二聚化。
提供哪种螺旋给第一或第二多肽链是不重要的。然而,本发明的示例性序列优化的CD123 x CD3双特异性双抗体(“DART-A”)具有第一多肽链,其具有序列(SEQ ID NO:21):
QAVVTQEPSL TVSPGGTVTL TCRSSTGAVT TSNYANWVQQ KPGQAPRGLI
GGTNKRAPWT PARFSGSLLG GKAALTITGA QAEDEADYYC ALWYSNLWVF
GGGTKLTVLG GGGSGGGGEV QLVQSGAELK KPGASVKVSC KASGYTFTDY
YMKWVRQAPG QGLEWIGDII PSNGATFYNQ KFKGRVTITV DKSTSTAYME
LSSLRSEDTA VYYCARSHLL RASWFAYWGQ GTLVTVSSGG CGGGEVAALE
KEVAALEKEV AALEKEVAAL EK
DART-A链1包括:SEQ ID NO:1─SEQ ID NO:5─SEQ ID NO:6─SEQ ID NO:18─SEQ ID NO:19。编码DART-A的第一多肽链的多核苷酸是SEQ ID NO:22:
caggctgtgg tgactcagga gccttcactg accgtgtccc caggcggaac
tgtgaccctg acatgcagat ccagcacagg cgcagtgacc acatctaact
acgccaattg ggtgcagcag aagccaggac aggcaccaag gggcctgatc
gggggtacaa acaaaagggc tccctggacc cctgcacggt tttctggaag
tctgctgggc ggaaaggccg ctctgactat taccggggca caggccgagg
acgaagccga ttactattgt gctctgtggt atagcaatct gtgggtgttc
gggggtggca caaaactgac tgtgctggga gggggtggat ccggcggcgg
aggcgaggtg cagctggtgc agtccggggc tgagctgaag aaacccggag
cttccgtgaa ggtgtcttgc aaagccagtg gctacacctt cacagactac
tatatgaagt gggtcaggca ggctccagga cagggactgg aatggatcgg
cgatatcatt ccttccaacg gggccacttt ctacaatcag aagtttaaag
gcagggtgac tattaccgtg gacaaatcaa caagcactgc ttatatggag
ctgagctccc tgcgctctga agatacagcc gtgtactatt gtgctcggtc
acacctgctg agagccagct ggtttgctta ttggggacag ggcaccctgg
tgacagtgtc ttccggagga tgtggcggtg gagaagtggc cgcactggag
aaagaggttg ctgctttgga gaaggaggtc gctgcacttg aaaaggaggt
cgcagccctg gagaaa
DART-A的第二多肽链具有序列(SEQ ID NO:23):
DFVMTQSPDS LAVSLGERVT MSCKSSQSLL NSGNQKNYLT WYQQKPGQPP
KLLIYWASTR ESGVPDRFSG SGSGTDFTLT ISSLQAEDVA VYYCQNDYSY
PYTFGQGTKL EIKGGGSGGG GEVQLVESGG GLVQPGGSLR LSCAASGFTF
STYAMNWVRQ APGKGLEWVG RIRSKYNNYA TYYADSVKDR FTISRDDSKN
SLYLQMNSLK TEDTAVYYCV RHGNFGNSYV SWFAYWGQGT LVTVSSGGCG
GGKVAALKEK VAALKEKVAA LKEKVAALKE
DART-A链2包括:SEQ ID NO:10─SEQ ID NO:5─SEQ ID NO:14─SEQ ID NO:18─SEQ ID NO:20。编码DART-A的第二多肽链的多核苷酸是SEQ ID NO:24:
gacttcgtga tgacacagtc tcctgatagt ctggccgtga gtctggggga
gcgggtgact atgtcttgca agagctccca gtcactgctg aacagcggaa
atcagaaaaa ctatctgacc tggtaccagc agaagccagg ccagccccct
aaactgctga tctattgggc ttccaccagg gaatctggcg tgcccgacag
attcagcggc agcggcagcg gcacagattt taccctgaca atttctagtc
tgcaggccga ggacgtggct gtgtactatt gtcagaatga ttacagctat
ccctacactt tcggccaggg gaccaagctg gaaattaaag gaggcggatc
cggcggcgga ggcgaggtgc agctggtgga gtctggggga ggcttggtcc
agcctggagg gtccctgaga ctctcctgtg cagcctctgg attcaccttc
agcacatacg ctatgaattg ggtccgccag gctccaggga aggggctgga
gtgggttgga aggatcaggt ccaagtacaa caattatgca acctactatg
ccgactctgt gaaggataga ttcaccatct caagagatga ttcaaagaac
tcactgtatc tgcaaatgaa cagcctgaaa accgaggaca cggccgtgta
ttactgtgtg agacacggta acttcggcaa ttcttacgtg tcttggtttg
cttattgggg acaggggaca ctggtgactg tgtcttccgg aggatgtggc
ggtggaaaag tggccgcact gaaggagaaa gttgctgctt tgaaagagaa
ggtcgccgca cttaaggaaa aggtcgcagc cctgaaagag
如通过人和食蟹猴细胞所测试的,DART-A具有同时结合CD123和CD3的能力。发现提供DART-A会引起T细胞启动、介导母细胞减少、驱动T细胞扩增、诱导T细胞激活以及引起靶癌细胞的重定向杀伤(表3)。
更特别地,在具有高CD123表达(Kasumi-3(EC50=0.01ng/mL))、中CD123表达(Molm13(EC50=0.18ng/mL)和THP-1(EC50=0.24ng/mL))和中低或低CD123表达(TF-1(EC50=0.46ng/mL)和RS4-11(EC50=0.5ng/mL))的靶细胞系中,无论CD3表位结合特异性如何,DART-A在亚-ng/mL范围中展现出以实现50%的最大活性(EC50)所需的浓度的强大重定向杀伤能力。类似地,在具有来自不同供体的T细胞的多个靶细胞系中也观察到了DART-A-重定向杀伤,并且在不表达CD123的细胞系中没有观察到重定向杀伤活性。结果总结在表4中。
此外,当将人T细胞和肿瘤细胞(Molm13或RS4-11)组合并且皮下注入到NOD/SCIDγ(NSG)敲除的小鼠中,MOLM13肿瘤在0.16、0.5、0.2、0.1、0.02和0.004mg/kg剂量水平被显著地抑制。在MOLM13模型中,0.004mg/kg和更高的剂量是有效的(active)。与RS4-11模型相比,MOLM13模型中与抑制肿瘤生长相关的较低DART-A剂量与体外数据一致,其表明MOLM13细胞比RS4-11细胞具有更高水平的CD123表达,其与MOLM13细胞中对在体外DART-A介导的细胞毒性增加的敏感性相关。
DART-A对来自AML患者的原发性AML样品(骨髓单核细胞(BMNC)和外周血液单核细胞(PBMC))有活性。用DART-A孵育原发性AML骨髓样品导致白血病细胞群体随时间消耗,伴随着残余T细胞(CD4和CD8二者)的相伴扩增以及T细胞激活标志物(CD25和Ki-67)的诱导。在CD8和CD4 T细胞二者中均观察到颗粒酶B和穿孔素水平的上调。与未处理对照或对照DART相比,用DART-A孵育原发性AML骨髓样品导致白血病细胞群体随时间消耗。当计数T细胞(CD8和CD4染色)和测定激活(CD25染色)时,与未处理或对照DART样品相比,DART-A样品中的T细胞扩增并且被激活。还发现DART-A能够介导人和食蟹猴PBMC二者中pDC细胞的消耗,食蟹猴pDC早在仅仅10ng/kg DART-A输注后4天的时候被消耗。在DART-A处理的动物中,观察到细胞因子干扰素γ、TNFα、IL-6、IL-5、IL4和IL2的水平未升高。这些数据表明,DART-A介导的靶细胞杀伤是通过颗粒酶B和穿孔素通路介导的。
对CD123阴性靶(U937细胞)或对照DART没有观察到活性,表明观察到的T细胞激活严格取决于靶细胞接合,并且DART-A对CD3的单价接合不足以触发T细胞启动。
总而言之,DART-A是基于抗体的分子,其接合TCR的CD3ε亚基以重定向T淋巴细胞针对表达CD123(在数种血液系统恶性肿瘤中上调的抗原)的细胞。DART-A用相似的亲和力结合人和食蟹猴的抗原,并且重定向来自两种物种的T细胞以杀伤CD123+细胞。用每周递增剂量的DART-A一周4或7天输注的猴子,无论给药方案如何,在治疗起始后72小时显示循环CD123+细胞的消耗,其在整个治疗的4周中持续。也发生循环T细胞的减少,但是在4天剂量方案在猴子中的随后输注之前恢复到基线,与DART-A介导的动员(mobilization)一致。DART-A施用增加了循环的PD1+T细胞,但不增加TIM-3+T细胞;此外,对来自处理的猴子的T细胞的离体分析展现出未改变的重定向靶细胞裂解,表明没有衰竭。毒性仅限于DART-A第一次输注后细胞因子的最小瞬时释放,而不是在随后的施用之后、甚至在递增剂量时,并且在红细胞团(mass)中最小可逆的减少伴随着在CD123+骨髓祖细胞中的减少。
E.另外的双特异性双抗体分子
包括Fc区并且具有图1B中显示的通式结构的DART-A的可替选的版本在US 2016-0200827中描述。含有Fc结构域的CH2和CH3结构域的示例性多肽具有序列(SEQ ID NO:25)(“携带杵的”Fc结构域):
APEAAGGPSV FLFPPKPKDT LMISRTPEVT CVVVDVSHED PEVKFNWYVD
GVEVHNAKTK PREEQYNSTY RVVSVLTVLH QDWLNGKEYK CKVSNKALPA
PIEKTISKAK GQPREPQVYT LPPSREEMTK NQVSLWCLVK GFYPSDIAVE
WESNGQPENN YKTTPPVLDS DGSFFLYSKL TVDKSRWQQG NVFSCSVMHE
ALHNHYTQKS LSLSPGX
其中X是K或不存在
和序列(SEQ ID NO:26)(“携带臼的”Fc结构域):
APEAAGGPSV FLFPPKPKDT LMISRTPEVT CVVVDVSHED PEVKFNWYVD
GVEVHNAKTK PREEQYNSTY RVVSVLTVLH QDWLNGKEYK CKVSNKALPA
PIEKTISKAK GQPREPQVYT LPPSREEMTK NQVSLSCAVK GFYPSDIAVE
WESNGQPENN YKTTPPVLDS DGSFFLVSKL TVDKSRWQQG NVFSCSVMHE
ALHNRYTQKS LSLSPGX
其中X是K或不存在
示例性DART-A w/Fc构建体的第一多肽在N-末端至C-末端方向上包括N-末端、能够结合至CD123的单克隆抗体的VL结构域(VLCD123)、间插连接体肽(连接体1)、能够结合至CD3的单克隆抗体的VH结构域(VHCD3)、连接体2、E-螺旋结构域、连接体5、肽1、含有Fc结构域的CH2和CH3结构域的多肽和C-末端。示例性连接体5具有序列:GGG。示例性肽1具有序列:DKTHTCPPCP(SEQ ID NO:29)。因此,这种DART-A w/Fc版本1构建体的第一多肽包括:SEQ IDNO:10─SEQ ID NO:5─SEQ ID NO:14─SEQ ID NO:18─SEQ ID NO:19─GGG─SEQ ID NO:29─SEQ ID NO:25(其中X是K)。
这种DART-A w/Fc版本1构建体的第一多肽的示例性序列具有序列(SEQ ID NO:27):
DFVMTQSPDS LAVSLGERVT MSCKSSQSLL NSGNQKNYLT WYQQKPGQPP
KLLIYWASTR ESGVPDRFSG SGSGTDFTLT ISSLQAEDVA VYYCQNDYSY
PYTFGQGTKL EIKGGGSGGG GEVQLVESGG GLVQPGGSLR LSCAASGFTF
STYAMNWVRQ APGKGLEWVG RIRSKYNNYA TYYADSVKDR FTISRDDSKN
SLYLQMNSLK TEDTAVYYCV RHGNFGNSYV SWFAYWGQGT LVTVSSGGCG
GGEVAALEKE VAALEKEVAA LEKEVAALEK GGGDKTHTCP PCPAPEAAGG
PSVFLFPPKP KDTLMISRTP EVTCVVVDVS HEDPEVKFNW YVDGVEVHNA
KTKPREEQYN STYRVVSVLT VLHQDWLNGK EYKCKVSNKA LPAPIEKTIS
KAKGQPREPQ VYTLPPSREE MTKNQVSLWC LVKGFYPSDI AVEWESNGQP
ENNYKTTPPV LDSDGSFFLY SKLTVDKSRW QQGNVFSCSV MHEALHNHYT
QKSLSLSPGK
这种DART-A w/Fc版本1构建体的第二条链在N-末端至C-末端方向上将包括N-末端、能够结合至CD3的单克隆抗体的VL结构域(VLCD3)、间插连接体肽(连接体1)、能够结合至CD123的单克隆抗体的VH结构域(VHCD123)、连接体2、K-螺旋结构域和C-末端。因此,这种DART-A w/Fc版本1构建体的第二多肽包括:SEQ ID NO:1─SEQ ID NO:5─SEQ ID NO:6─SEQ ID NO:18─SEQ ID NO:20。这种多肽具有序列(SEQ ID NO:28):
QAVVTQEPSL TVSPGGTVTL TCRSSTGAVT TSNYANWVQQ KPGQAPRGLI
GGTNKRAPWT PARFSGSLLG GKAALTITGA QAEDEADYYC ALWYSNLWVF
GGGTKLTVLG GGGSGGGGEV QLVQSGAELK KPGASVKVSC KASGYTFTDY
YMKWVRQAPG QGLEWIGDII PSNGATFYNQ KFKGRVTITV DKSTSTAYME
LSSLRSEDTA VYYCARSHLL RASWFAYWGQ GTLVTVSSGG CGGGKVAALK
EKVAALKEKV AALKEKVAAL KE
这种DART-A w/Fc版本1的第三多肽链将包括IgG Fc结构域的CH2和CH3结构域。示例性多肽包括肽1(DKTHTCPPCP;SEQ ID NO:29)和Fc结构域的CH2和CH3结构域(SEQ ID NO:26,其中X是K)和具有SEQ ID NO:30的序列:
DKTHTCPPCP APEAAGGPSV FLFPPKPKDT LMISRTPEVT CVVVDVSHED
PEVKFNWYVD GVEVHNAKTK PREEQYNSTY RVVSVLTVLH QDWLNGKEYK
CKVSNKALPA PIEKTISKAK GQPREPQVYT LPPSREEMTK NQVSLSCAVK
GFYPSDIAVE WESNGQPENN YKTTPPVLDS DGSFFLVSKL TVDKSRWQQG
NVFSCSVMHE ALHNRYTQKS LSLSPGK
包括可替选的优化的抗CD3结合结构域的另外CD123 x CD3双特异性双抗体在WO2019/160904中提供。具体地,这种双抗体包括SEQ ID NO:6的VHCD123结构域和SEQ ID NO:10的VLCD123结构域,并且进一步包括Fc区。
III.药物制剂
本发明的组合物包括用于药物组合物的制造的大量药物组合物(例如,不纯的或非无菌组合物)和可用于单位剂型的制备的药物组合物(即,适合于向受试者或患者施用的组合物)。这种组合物包括预防或治疗有效量的CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子和药学上可接受的载体。
示例性药物制剂包括CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子和水性稳定剂和任选地药学上可接受的载体。
如本文使用的,术语“药学上可接受的载体”旨在指由监管机构批准或列于美国药典或其他公认的药典中适合于递送至动物和更特别地人的稀释剂、佐剂(例如,弗氏佐剂(完全和不完全))、赋形剂或媒介物。这种药学载体可以是无菌液体,比如水和油,其包括石油、动物、蔬菜或合成来源的那些油,比如花生油、大豆油、矿物油、芝麻油等。当静脉内施用药物组合物时,水可用作载体。盐水溶液和水性右旋糖和甘油溶液也可用作液体载体,特别地用于可注射溶液。合适的药学赋形剂包括淀粉、葡萄糖、乳糖、蔗糖、明胶、麦芽、大米、面粉、白垩、硅胶、硬脂酸钠、单硬脂酸甘油酯、滑石、氯化钠、脱脂乳、甘油、丙烯、乙二醇、水、乙醇等。如果需要,组合物还可含有少量的湿润或乳化剂或pH缓冲剂。这些组合物可以采取溶液、悬浮液、乳液、片剂、丸剂、胶囊,粉末、缓释制剂等的形式。
一般而言,将本发明的组合物的成分以单位剂型,例如液体制剂、干燥冷冻干燥粉末或无水浓缩物在指示活性剂的量的气密地密封容器比如小瓶、安瓿或小袋中单独或混合在一起供应。其中组合物通过输注被施用,其可用含有无菌药学级水或盐水的输注瓶子分配。其中组合物通过注射施用,可提供用于注射的无菌水或盐水的安瓿,以便成分可在施用之前混合。
本发明还提供了包括含有单独的或具有稳定剂和/或药学上可接受的载体的CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子的一个或多个容器的药物包装或试剂盒。另外,用于治疗疾病的一种或多种其他预防或治疗剂还可被包括在药物包装或试剂盒中。本发明还提供了包括填充有本发明的药物组合物的一种或多种成分的一个或多个容器的药物包装或试剂盒。任选地与这种容器相关的可以是以调控药物制剂或生物产品的制造、用途和销售的政府机构指定的形式的通知,该通知反映了机构对用于人施用的制造、用途或销售的批准。
IV.试剂盒
本发明提供了包括CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子、说明材料(例如,与存储、剂量、适应症、副作用、禁忌症等相关的)和任选地可用于以上方法的稳定剂和/或载体的试剂盒。在这种试剂盒中,CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子可被包装在可指示本文含有的分子的量的气密密封容器比如安瓿、小瓶、小袋等中。容器可由任何药学上可接受的材料,比如玻璃、树脂、塑料等形成。这种试剂盒的CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子可在气密密封容器中以可例如与水或盐水重构至受试者施用合适的浓度的液体溶液、干燥灭菌冷冻干燥粉末或无水浓缩物供应。这种液体或冷冻干燥材料应在其来源容器中在2和8℃之间存储并且材料应在重构后约24小时内、约12小时内、约6小时内、约5小时内、约3小时内或约1小时内施用。试剂盒可进一步包括在一个或多个容器中用于治疗癌症的一种或多种其他预防和/或治疗剂;和/或试剂盒可进一步包括结合一种或多种与癌症相关的癌症抗原的一种或多种细胞毒素抗体。在某些实施方式中,其他预防或治疗剂是化疗的。在其他实施方式中,预防或治疗剂是生物或激素治疗性的。试剂盒可进一步包括使用说明书,或其他打印信息。
另外,用于治疗疾病的一种或多种其他预防或治疗剂还可被包括在药物包装或试剂盒中。本发明还提供了包括填充有本发明的药物组合物的一种或多种成分的一个或多个容器的药物包装或试剂盒。任选地与这种容器相关的可以是以调控药物制剂或生物产品的制造、用途和销售的政府机构指定的形式的通知,该通知反映了机构对用于人施用的制造、用途或销售的批准。
V.施用的方法
可提供本发明的CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子药物制剂用于通过向受试者施用有效量的本发明的分子或包括本发明的融合蛋白质或缀合分子的药物组合物来治疗、预防和改善与疾病、障碍或感染相关的一种或多种症状。在一个方面中,这种组合物是基本上纯化的(即,基本上不含限制其效果或产生不期望的副作用的物质)。在具体的实施方式中,受试者是动物,优选地哺乳动物比如非灵长类(例如,牛、马、猫、犬、啮齿动物等)或灵长类(例如,猴子比如食蟹猴、人等)。在特定的实施方式中,受试者或患者是人。
施用本发明的CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子药物制剂的方法包括但不限于肠胃外施用(例如,皮内、肌内、腹膜内、静脉内和皮下)。在具体的实施方式中,静脉内施用CD123x CD3双特异性结合分子。组合物可通过任何方便的通路,例如,通过输注施用,并且可与其他生物活性剂一起施用。
通过输注施用可使用输液泵来完成。“输液泵”是医疗设备,其以受控的方式,尤其是在限定的速率并且持续延长的时段将流体递送至患者的身体。输液泵可以机械地供给动力,但是更典型地是电力地供给动力。一些输液泵是“固定式”输液泵并且设计在患者的床边使用。其他的称为“移动式(ambulatory)”输液泵,设计为便携式或可穿戴式。“注射器”泵是一种输液泵,其中将待递送的流体保持在腔室(例如注射器)的贮液器中并且可移动的活塞用于控制腔室的体积且因此流体的递送。在“弹性体”输液泵中,流体被保持在可伸展的球囊贮液器中,并且来自球囊的弹性壁的压力驱动了流体递送。在“蠕动”输液泵中,一组滚子在一段易弯曲的管上向下挤压,将流体向前推动。在“多通道”输液泵中,可以从多个贮液器以多种速率递送流体。“智能泵”是指配备有计算机控制的流体递送系统以便能够响应不良药物相互作用的风险或当泵的参数设置超出指定限制时发出警报的输液泵。输液泵的实例是众所周知的,并且在例如[匿名的]2002“General-Purpose Infusion Pumps,”HealthDevices 31(10):353-387中和在美国专利号10,029,051、10,029,047、10,029,045、10,022,495、10,022,494、10,016,559、10,006,454、10,004,846、9,993,600、9,981,082、9,974,901、9,968,729、9,931,463、9,927,943等中提供。
在某些实施方式中,本发明的CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子药物制剂通过一个或多个移动式泵促进输注而施用,以便在治疗性方案期间患者将为可移动式的。在某些实施方式中,CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子药物制剂通过连续输注施用。在具体的实施方式中,7天连续输注方案包括约30ng/kg患者重量/天的治疗剂量3天,随后约100ng/kg/天的治疗剂量4天(例如,30ng/kg患者重量/天的治疗剂量3天,随后100ng/kg/天的治疗剂量4天等)。在另一个具体的实施方式中,7天连续输注方案包括约30ng/kg患者重量/天的治疗剂量1天,随后约60ng/kg患者重量/天的治疗剂量1天,随后约100ng/kg/天的治疗剂量1天,随后约200ng/kg/天的治疗剂量1天,随后约300ng/kg/天的治疗剂量1天,随后约400ng/kg/天的治疗剂量1天,随后约500ng/kg/天的治疗剂量1天。在某些实施方式中,这种7天连续输注方案随后是21天连续输注方案,其中21天的每天施用500ng/kg/天的治疗剂量。在某些实施方式中,这种21天连续输注方案随后是21天连续输注方案,其中在这种21天方案的每周的1-4天期间施用500ng/kg/天的治疗剂量并且在每周的5-7天期间不施用治疗剂量。
在治疗的任何以上过程中,另外可监测肿瘤微环境中CD8+T-淋巴细胞的比例。这种监测可发生在施用CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子之前、在CD123 x CD3结合分子疗法的过程期间和/或在CD123 x CD3结合分子疗法的循环的结束后。
VI.本发明的组合物的用途
本发明的CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子可用于治疗与CD123表达相关或特征在于CD123表达的任何疾病或病症。特别地,本发明的CD123x CD3双特异性结合分子可用于治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤。本发明的CD123x CD3双特异性结合分子特别地适合用于治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤,包括化疗难治性血液系统恶性肿瘤。如本文使用的,化疗难治性血液系统恶性肿瘤是对两种或更多种诱导尝试是难治性的、小于6个月的第一CR或用去甲基化剂治疗的两个或多个周期后失败的血液系统恶性肿瘤。
因此,在没有限制的情况下,这种分子可在急性骨髓样白血病(AML)(包括原发性化疗难治性AML),慢性骨髓样白血病(CML)包括急变期CML和与CML相关的Abelson癌基因(Bcr-ABL易位)、脊髓发育不良综合征(MDS)、急性B淋巴细胞白血病(B-ALL)、急性T淋巴细胞白血病(T-ALL)、慢性淋巴细胞白血病(CLL)包括Richter综合征或CLL的Richter转化、毛细胞白血病(HCL)、母细胞浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤(BPDCN)、非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)包括套细胞淋巴瘤(MCL)和小淋巴细胞淋巴瘤(SLL)、霍奇金淋巴瘤、系统性肥大细胞增生症和伯基特淋巴瘤的诊断或治疗中采用。本发明的CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子可另外用于制备用于治疗上述病症的药物。
本发明的CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子特别地适合用于急性骨髓样白血病(AML,包括原发性化疗难治性急性骨髓样白血病)、血液学脊髓发育不良综合征(MDS)、母细胞浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤(BPDCN)、非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)或急性T淋巴细胞白血病(T-ALL)的治疗。
实施例
现在已经大致地描述了本发明,本发明通过参考以下实施例将更容易理解,实施例通过阐释的方式提供,并且除非指定,实施例不旨在限制本发明。
实施例1
特别适合于本发明的CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子治疗的患者群体的基因表达标签
为了证明患有血液系统恶性肿瘤,特别是AML的患者的基因表达模式与CD123 xCD3双特异性结合分子疗法的有利结果之间的相关性,来自参加伏妥珠单抗(NCT#02152956,示例性CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子)的1/2期临床试验的具有复发或难治性AML的患者中,从具有个体患者同意书的患者获得的骨髓(“BM”)样品分离RNA。
770个免疫相关基因的表达,包括预定义免疫基因标签评分在用示例性CD123 xCD3双特异性分子伏妥珠单抗治疗的患者亚组的基线骨髓样品中检查。简而言之,使用NanoString PanCancer IO360TM测定来查询770个基因的表达,包括用推荐的2期剂量的伏妥珠单抗治疗具有复发/难治性AML的患者亚组(n=38)的骨髓样品(RP2D;在基线处收集的38个骨髓样品和在治疗(周期1[n=25]和2[n=9]后)时收集的34个骨髓样品)中14种免疫细胞类型和32个免疫肿瘤学标签的丰度。使用系统(NanoStringTechnologies,Inc.)基本上如下生成IO 360基因计数:从未分级的骨髓抽出物中提取RNA(每个样品~100ng),并且与报告物和捕获探针混合物一起孵育,用于杂交。使用高分辨率装置在nCounter FLEX分析系统上分析转录体计数。报告物代码计数(RCC)输出文件用于计算基因标签评分。基本上如WO 2020/092404和Vadakekolathu J等(2020)“ImmuneLandscapes Predict Chemotherapy Resistance And Immunotherapy Response InAcute Myeloid Leukemia,”Sci.Transl.Med.12(546):eaaz0463中描述的,将由NanoString描述的预定义标签的标签评分计算为生物相关基因集合的预定义线性组合(加权平均值)。此外,使用Orange3软件包(版本3.25.0)生成了排序基因列表(χ2值)。无监督的层次聚类(欧几里得(Euclidean)距离,全联动(complete linkage))。
如先前所报道的,具有原发性诱导失败(PIF)/早期复发(ER)的患者显示出相对于展示出晚期复发(LR)的患者更高的免疫浸润。与LR相比,PIF/ER和HMA治疗的患者中PD-L1和炎症趋化因子评分更高。肿瘤炎症标签评分(TIS)与抗原加工机制和炎症趋化因子评分相关(P<0.0001),表明在高度T细胞发炎的样品中发生了抗原呈递和T细胞趋化作用(Vadakekolathu J等(2020)“Immune Landscapes Predict Chemotherapy ResistanceAnd Immunotherapy Response In Acute Myeloid Leukemia.”Sci.Transl.Med.12(546):eaaz0463)。
通过对基因表达组中的770个免疫相关基因进行排序来进行进一步分析。该排序鉴定了简约的(parsimonious)表达标签,涵盖与对示例性CD123x CD3双特异性分子伏妥珠单抗完全应答相关的前10个基因,定义为完全缓解(CR)、具有不完全血液学恢复的完全缓解(CRi)或具有部分血液学恢复的完全缓解(CRh)。10个鉴定的基因:CD8B、CRABP2、FCGR3A/B、FBP1、FPR1、ICOS、NOTCH2、PDGFA、SERPINH1和THBS1在以上表1中列出。表1还提供了每个基因的代表性、非限制性NCBI登录号。图2提供了显示与对示例性CD123 x CD3双特异性分子伏妥珠单抗完全应答相关的这些10个基因表达的热图。新鉴定的10个基因标签评分计算为整个患者群组中基因表达的平均总和。相对于LR这10个基因标签的表达在研究登记时在具有PIF/ER的患者中更高,并且在具有高或中等免疫簇评分的患者中更高。图3根据患者应答(完全应答、部分应答或无应答)绘制了10个基因标签评分,并且显示展示出抗白血病应答的患者具有更高的10个基因标签评分。如图4中呈现的热图中显示的,这10个基因标签评分与骨髓免疫浸润程度相关,其通过预定义免疫基因标签评分(NanoString)的表达测量确定的,包括中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞和骨髓细胞类型,并且具有炎症趋化因子和其他反映T细胞发炎的、IFN-γ驱动的TME的标签评分。不受任何特定机制的约束,值得注意的是,标签中的基因包括CD8B、免疫检查点ICOS和NOTCH2,所有这些都反映了T细胞驱动和高度免疫抑制的肿瘤微环境,其可以通过CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子比如伏妥珠单抗重新激活。在这个方面中,增加的Notch信号传导与具有结直肠癌以及具有抑制的T细胞应答的患者中增强的CD8 T细胞浸润相关。此外,Notch2,而不是Notch1信号传导,是淋巴瘤实验模型中具有抗肿瘤活性的细胞毒素T淋巴细胞的产生所极度需要的,并且作为颗粒酶B的转录激活剂。
使用STRING(string-db.org)进行功能性蛋白质关联网络的分析。这些数据表明,与完全应答相关的10个基因在与抗原结合和加工、VEGF激活的受体活性、Notch信号传导、癌症中的micro-RNA调节以及1型T辅助细胞(Th1)和Th2分化相关的属性分类(ontologies)和途径中得到丰富(表5)。这些数据支持TME中增强和持续的抗原呈递在促进来自CD123 xCD3双特异性结合分子比如伏妥珠单抗的抗白血病应答中的潜在作用。
图5中显示AUROC曲线,其单独或组合测量在研究开始时欧洲白血病网(ELN)风险疾病状态(Dohner H等,2017,“Diagnosis and management of AML in adults:2017ELNrecommendations from an international expert panel.”Blood 129(4):424-47)、以及用于示例性CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子伏妥珠单抗的抗白血病活性的10个基因评分的预测能力。表6中提供了标准误差和置信区间。值得注意的是,与单独ELN风险类别的0.672相比,10个基因标签评分当单独考虑时具有0.854的AUROC值,并且当与ELN风险类别结合时具有0.904的AUROC值。此外,用CD123 x CD3双特异性结合分子伏妥珠单抗治疗调节了TME,如水平升高的免疫浸润、PD-L1表达、抗原呈递和IFN-γ信号传导基因标签表明的。
本说明书中提及的所有公开和专利以相同的程度通过引用并入本文,如同每个单独的公开或专利申请被明确且单独地指出以其整体通过引用并入一样。尽管本发明已经结合其具体实施方式进行了描述,但是应当理解它能进一步改变,并且本申请意欲涵盖本发明的任何变化、用途或调整,其总体上遵循本发明的原理并且包括落入本发明所属领域内的已知或惯用实践内的并且可适用于前文所提出的实质特征的这种偏离。
序列表
<110> 宏观基因有限公司
诺丁汉特伦特大学
J·K·戴维森
S·茹泰拉
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Gly Asp Ile Ile Pro Ser Asn Gly Ala Thr Phe Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe
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Asp Phe Val Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Asp Ser Leu Ala Val Ser Leu Gly
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Glu Arg Val Thr Met Ser Cys Lys Ser Ser Gln Ser Leu Leu Asn Ser
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Gly Asn Gln Lys Asn Tyr Leu Thr Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln
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Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Gly
1 5 10 15
Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser Thr Tyr
20 25 30
Ala Met Asn Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val
35 40 45
Gly Arg Ile Arg Ser Lys Tyr Asn Asn Tyr Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Ala Asp
50 55 60
Ser Val Lys Asp Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asp Ser Lys Asn Ser
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Leu Tyr Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Lys Thr Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr
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Ala Ala Leu Glu Lys Glu Val Ala Ala Leu Glu Lys
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Ala Ala Leu Lys Glu Lys Val Ala Ala Leu Lys Glu
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Gln Ala Val Val Thr Gln Glu Pro Ser Leu Thr Val Ser Pro Gly Gly
1 5 10 15
Thr Val Thr Leu Thr Cys Arg Ser Ser Thr Gly Ala Val Thr Thr Ser
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Asn Tyr Ala Asn Trp Val Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Ala Pro Arg Gly
35 40 45
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145 150 155 160
Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile Gly Asp Ile Ile Pro Ser Asn Gly Ala Thr
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Phe Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe Lys Gly Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Val Asp Lys
180 185 190
Ser Thr Ser Thr Ala Tyr Met Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp
195 200 205
Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Ala Arg Ser His Leu Leu Arg Ala Ser Trp
210 215 220
Phe Ala Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser Gly Gly
225 230 235 240
Cys Gly Gly Gly Glu Val Ala Ala Leu Glu Lys Glu Val Ala Ala Leu
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Glu Lys Glu Val Ala Ala Leu Glu Lys Glu Val Ala Ala Leu Glu Lys
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<223> 编码人源化CD123 x CD3双特异性抗体伏妥珠单抗(DART-A)的第一多肽链的多核苷酸
<400> 22
caggctgtgg tgactcagga gccttcactg accgtgtccc caggcggaac tgtgaccctg 60
acatgcagat ccagcacagg cgcagtgacc acatctaact acgccaattg ggtgcagcag 120
aagccaggac aggcaccaag gggcctgatc gggggtacaa acaaaagggc tccctggacc 180
cctgcacggt tttctggaag tctgctgggc ggaaaggccg ctctgactat taccggggca 240
caggccgagg acgaagccga ttactattgt gctctgtggt atagcaatct gtgggtgttc 300
gggggtggca caaaactgac tgtgctggga gggggtggat ccggcggcgg aggcgaggtg 360
cagctggtgc agtccggggc tgagctgaag aaacccggag cttccgtgaa ggtgtcttgc 420
aaagccagtg gctacacctt cacagactac tatatgaagt gggtcaggca ggctccagga 480
cagggactgg aatggatcgg cgatatcatt ccttccaacg gggccacttt ctacaatcag 540
aagtttaaag gcagggtgac tattaccgtg gacaaatcaa caagcactgc ttatatggag 600
ctgagctccc tgcgctctga agatacagcc gtgtactatt gtgctcggtc acacctgctg 660
agagccagct ggtttgctta ttggggacag ggcaccctgg tgacagtgtc ttccggagga 720
tgtggcggtg gagaagtggc cgcactggag aaagaggttg ctgctttgga gaaggaggtc 780
gctgcacttg aaaaggaggt cgcagccctg gagaaa 816
<210> 23
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<220>
<223> 人源化CD123 x CD3双特异性抗体伏妥珠单抗(DART-A)的第二多肽链
<400> 23
Asp Phe Val Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Asp Ser Leu Ala Val Ser Leu Gly
1 5 10 15
Glu Arg Val Thr Met Ser Cys Lys Ser Ser Gln Ser Leu Leu Asn Ser
20 25 30
Gly Asn Gln Lys Asn Tyr Leu Thr Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln
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Pro Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile Tyr Trp Ala Ser Thr Arg Glu Ser Gly Val
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Pro Asp Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr
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Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Ala Glu Asp Val Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Asn
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Asp Tyr Ser Tyr Pro Tyr Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile
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Lys Gly Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly Gly Gly Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser
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Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Gly Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala
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Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser Thr Tyr Ala Met Asn Trp Val Arg Gln
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Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val Gly Arg Ile Arg Ser Lys Tyr
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Asn Asn Tyr Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val Lys Asp Arg Phe Thr
180 185 190
Ile Ser Arg Asp Asp Ser Lys Asn Ser Leu Tyr Leu Gln Met Asn Ser
195 200 205
Leu Lys Thr Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Val Arg His Gly Asn
210 215 220
Phe Gly Asn Ser Tyr Val Ser Trp Phe Ala Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr
225 230 235 240
Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser Gly Gly Cys Gly Gly Gly Lys Val Ala Ala
245 250 255
Leu Lys Glu Lys Val Ala Ala Leu Lys Glu Lys Val Ala Ala Leu Lys
260 265 270
Glu Lys Val Ala Ala Leu Lys Glu
275 280
<210> 24
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<212> DNA
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<220>
<223> 编码人源化CD123 x CD3双特异性抗体伏妥珠单抗(DART-A)的第二多肽链的多核苷酸
<400> 24
gacttcgtga tgacacagtc tcctgatagt ctggccgtga gtctggggga gcgggtgact 60
atgtcttgca agagctccca gtcactgctg aacagcggaa atcagaaaaa ctatctgacc 120
tggtaccagc agaagccagg ccagccccct aaactgctga tctattgggc ttccaccagg 180
gaatctggcg tgcccgacag attcagcggc agcggcagcg gcacagattt taccctgaca 240
atttctagtc tgcaggccga ggacgtggct gtgtactatt gtcagaatga ttacagctat 300
ccctacactt tcggccaggg gaccaagctg gaaattaaag gaggcggatc cggcggcgga 360
ggcgaggtgc agctggtgga gtctggggga ggcttggtcc agcctggagg gtccctgaga 420
ctctcctgtg cagcctctgg attcaccttc agcacatacg ctatgaattg ggtccgccag 480
gctccaggga aggggctgga gtgggttgga aggatcaggt ccaagtacaa caattatgca 540
acctactatg ccgactctgt gaaggataga ttcaccatct caagagatga ttcaaagaac 600
tcactgtatc tgcaaatgaa cagcctgaaa accgaggaca cggccgtgta ttactgtgtg 660
agacacggta acttcggcaa ttcttacgtg tcttggtttg cttattgggg acaggggaca 720
ctggtgactg tgtcttccgg aggatgtggc ggtggaaaag tggccgcact gaaggagaaa 780
gttgctgctt tgaaagagaa ggtcgccgca cttaaggaaa aggtcgcagc cctgaaagag 840
<210> 25
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340 345 350
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Leu Thr Val Leu His Gln Asp Trp Leu Asn Gly Lys Glu Tyr Lys Cys
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Ser Arg Glu Glu Met Thr Lys Asn Gln Val Ser Leu Trp Cys Leu Val
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<210> 28
<211> 272
<212> PRT
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<220>
<223> DART-A w/Fc版本1构建体的第二多肽链
<400> 28
Gln Ala Val Val Thr Gln Glu Pro Ser Leu Thr Val Ser Pro Gly Gly
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<211> 227
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<223> 含有肽1 (SEQ ID NO:29)和"携带臼的" CH2和CH3 Fc结构域 (SEQ ID NO:26)的多肽
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Asp Lys Thr His Thr Cys Pro Pro Cys Pro Ala Pro Glu Ala Ala Gly
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Claims (25)
1.一种确定患者是否是使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子以治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的合适应答者的方法,其中所述方法包括:
(a)相对于一种或多种靶基因和/或参考基因的表达,在施用所述CD123 x CD3双特异性分子之前评估来自所述患者的细胞样品中一种或多种靶基因的表达;和
(b)如果发现所述一种或多种靶基因的表达相对于所述一种或多种靶基因和/或参考基因的所述表达是增加的,将患者鉴定为用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗的合适应答者,其中所述一种或多种靶基因选自由以下组成的组中:SERPHINH1、NOTCH2、FCGR3A/B、FPR1、FBP1、PDGFA、CRABP2、THBS1、ICOS和CD8B。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述方法评估:
(i)一种或多种靶基因的表达;和
(ii)其表达不与所述血液系统恶性肿瘤特征性相关的一种或多种参考基因。
3.根据权利要求1-2的任一项所述的方法,其中所述方法包括相对于所述患者的所述一种或多种参考基因的基线表达,评估所述一种或多种靶基因的表达。
4.根据权利要求1-3的任一项所述的方法,其中所述方法包括评估相对于以下的所述一种或多种靶基因的表达,所述患者的所述一种或多种靶基因的表达:
(a)正遭受所述血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体或这种个体的群体;或
(b)对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗所述血液系统恶性肿瘤没有成功应答的个体或这种个体的群体;或
(c)对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗所述血液系统恶性肿瘤成功应答的个体或这种个体的群体。
5.根据权利要求1-4的任一项所述的方法,其中所述群体中所述一种或多种靶基因的相对表达水平通过平均从所述个体的群体获得的细胞样品中基因表达水平而建立。
6.根据权利要求1-5的任一项所述的方法,其中所述患者展示出至少一种所述靶基因的表达水平:
(a)大于正遭受所述血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体中所述靶基因的表达水平的第一四分位数;或
(b)大于对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗所述血液系统恶性肿瘤没有成功应答的个体的群体中所述靶基因的表达水平的第一四分位数;或
(c)在对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子治疗所述血液系统恶性肿瘤成功应答的个体的群体中所述靶基因的表达水平的至少第一四分位数内。
7.根据权利要求1-6的任一项所述的方法,其中所述方法进一步包括如果确定所述患者是这种治疗的合适应答者,向所述患者施用治疗剂量的所述CD123 x CD3双特异性分子,并且其中所述CD123 x CD3双特异性分子的所述施用刺激杀伤所述患者中所述血液系统恶性肿瘤的细胞。
8.一种治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的方法,其中所述方法包括:
(a)采用根据权利要求1-6的任一项所述的方法来确定患者是否是使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子以治疗所述血液系统恶性肿瘤的合适应答者;
(b)如果确定所述患者是这种治疗的合适应答者,向所述患者施用治疗剂量的所述CD123 x CD3双特异性分子;
其中所述CD123 x CD3双特异性分子的所述施用刺激杀伤所述患者中所述血液系统恶性肿瘤的细胞。
9.根据权利要求1-8的任一项所述的方法,其中所述细胞样品是骨髓样品。
10.根据权利要求1-9的任一项所述的方法,其中所述评估表达或所述确定所述患者是否是使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子以治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的合适应答者通过以下进行:
(a)使用基因表达平台,确定一种或多种细胞样品中每种靶基因的基因表达水平;和
(b)比较所述靶基因表达水平与一种或多种参考基因的表达水平。
11.根据权利要求1-10的任一项所述的方法,其中所述评估表达或所述确定所述患者是否是使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子以治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的合适应答者通过以下进行:
(a)使用基因表达平台,测量再一个细胞样品中每种靶基因的原始RNA水平,其中基因表达平台包括看家基因的参考基因集合,和
(b)使用内部参考基因的测量的RNA水平,为靶基因的每个测量的原始RNA水平分配相对表达值。
12.根据权利要求1-11的任一项所述的方法,其中所述一种或多种参考基因包括以下的一种或多种:ABCF1、G6PD、NRDE2、OAZ1、POLR2A、SDHA、STK11IP、TBC1D10B、TBP和UBB。
13.根据权利要求1-12的任一项所述的方法,其中为所述一种或多种靶基因确定基因标签评分。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述基因标签评分通过包括以下的步骤确定:
(a)使用包括看家基因的参考基因集合的基因表达平台,测量再一个细胞样品中每种靶基因的原始RNA水平,
(b)针对所述看家基因的几何平均值将每个测量的原始RNA水平进行标准化,并任选地进一步针对标准将每个RNA值进行标准化,
(c)对每个标准化的RNA值进行log转换,
(d)对标签中每个靶基因的log转换的RNA值求和,和
(e)将标准化的log转换的RNA值的总和除以标签中的靶基因数量,以生成基因标签评分。
15.根据权利要求13-14的任一项所述的方法,其中患者基因标签评分:
(a)大于从正遭受所述血液系统恶性肿瘤的个体的群体中一种或多种所述靶基因的表达水平计算的所述基因标签的评分的第一四分位数;或
(b)大于从对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子以治疗所述血液系统恶性肿瘤没有成功应答的个体的群体中一种或多种所述靶基因的表达水平计算的所述基因标签的评分的第一四分位数;或
(c)在从对使用CD123 x CD3双特异性分子以治疗所述血液系统恶性肿瘤成功应答的个体的群体中一种或多种所述靶基因的表达水平计算的所述基因标签的评分的至少第一四分位数内,
表明是对用所述CD123 x CD3双特异性分子的治疗更有利的患者应答。
16.根据权利要求1-15的任一项所述的方法,其中所述CD123 x CD3双特异性分子是包括scFv的双特异性抗体或双特异性分子。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中所述CD123 x CD3双特异性分子是JNJ-63709178、XmAb14045或APVO436。
18.根据权利要求1-15的任一项所述的方法,其中所述CD123 x CD3双特异性分子是具有两条、三条或四条多肽链的共价键合的双特异性双抗体。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法,其中所述双抗体包括:
(a)具有SEQ ID NO:21的氨基酸序列的第一多肽链;和
(b)具有SEQ ID NO:23的氨基酸序列的第二多肽链;并且
其中所述第一多肽链和所述第二多肽链通过二硫键彼此共价键合。
20.根据权利要求1-19的任一项所述的方法,其中所述患者的所述血液系统恶性肿瘤选自由下述组成的组中:急性骨髓样白血病(AML)、慢性骨髓样白血病(CML)、急变期CML、与CML相关的Abelson癌基因(Bcr-ABL易位)、脊髓发育不良综合征(MDS)、急性B淋巴细胞白血病(B-ALL)、急性T淋巴细胞白血病(T-ALL)、慢性淋巴细胞白血病(CLL)、Richter综合征、CLL的Richter转化、毛细胞白血病(HCL)、母细胞浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤(BPDCN)、包括套细胞淋巴瘤(MCL)和小淋巴细胞淋巴瘤(SLL)的非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)、霍奇金淋巴瘤、系统性肥大细胞增生症和伯基特淋巴瘤。
21.根据权利要求21所述的方法,其中所述患者的所述血液系统恶性肿瘤是AML。
22.根据权利要求1-21的任一项所述的方法,其中所述患者的所述血液系统恶性肿瘤对化疗是难治性的。
23.根据权利要求1-22的任一项所述的方法,其中所述CD123 x CD3双特异性分子的所述治疗剂量包括选自由约30、约60、约100、约200、约300、约400和约500ng/kg患者重量/天组成的组的至少一种剂量。
24.根据权利要求1-23的任一项所述的方法,其中所述治疗剂量通过连续输注施用。
25.根据权利要求1-24的任一项所述的方法,其中所述患者是人类患者。
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