CN116199548A - Medicine fertilizer integrated granule preparation - Google Patents
Medicine fertilizer integrated granule preparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN116199548A CN116199548A CN202310041625.1A CN202310041625A CN116199548A CN 116199548 A CN116199548 A CN 116199548A CN 202310041625 A CN202310041625 A CN 202310041625A CN 116199548 A CN116199548 A CN 116199548A
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- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- topdressing
- microspheres
- carrier
- insecticidal
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 title description 8
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- MBNMHBAJUNHZRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiosultap monosodium Chemical compound [Na+].OS(=O)(=O)SCC(N(C)C)CSS([O-])(=O)=O MBNMHBAJUNHZRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000219095 Vitis Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000000560 Citrus x paradisi Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000229 biodegradable polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004622 biodegradable polyester Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 description 2
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005886 Chlorantraniliprole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000805 Polyaspartic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940090496 Urease inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000219094 Vitaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQBZAOZWBKABNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[Ca] Chemical compound [P].[Ca] ZQBZAOZWBKABNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- PSOVNZZNOMJUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorantraniliprole Chemical compound CNC(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=CC(C)=C1NC(=O)C1=CC(Br)=NN1C1=NC=CC=C1Cl PSOVNZZNOMJUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 compound amino acid Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YKBZOVFACRVRJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinotefuran Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C(/NC)NCC1CCOC1 YKBZOVFACRVRJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021021 grapes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010064470 polyaspartate Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002601 urease inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pesticide-fertilizer integrated granular preparation, which comprises a fertilizer core, wherein the fertilizer core is dissolved after meeting water, the fertilizer core comprises a plurality of topdressing microspheres and insecticidal microspheres with diameters less than 0.02mm, the duration of the stable state of the topdressing microspheres is 1.5-3 times of the duration of the stable state of the insecticidal microspheres, and the pesticide-fertilizer integrated granular preparation takes fertilizer as a carrier and can fertilize and kill crops once according to the sequence of once topdressing, insecticidal and twice topdressing; the components for realizing the disinsection and the secondary topdressing in the granular preparation are in microsphere forms, and the performance of the corresponding stage of the granular preparation cannot be affected by daily irrigation operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medicine and fertilizer integration, and particularly relates to a medicine and fertilizer integrated granular preparation.
Background
Because multiple topdressing and multiple dosing are often required during the growth of field crops, the crops are continuously provided with nutrition through continuous topdressing, and pesticides need to be released as soon as possible during dosing to kill pests. Because the workload of field operation is reduced, especially the workload of multiple fertilization and multiple medication is reduced, the integration of pesticide and fertilizer is the current field of research.
The prior art, for example, chinese patent application No. CN201611055797.0, discloses a double-film, double-slow-control and double-effect water-soluble pesticide-fertilizer integrated preparation and a processing technology thereof, wherein the double-film, double-slow-control and double-effect water-soluble pesticide-fertilizer integrated preparation comprises a fertilizer core and a double-layer coating layer wrapping the surface of the fertilizer core, and the double-layer coating layer sequentially comprises a starch grafted film layer and a biodegradable polyester film layer from inside to outside. The preparation method of the fertilizer core comprises the steps of mixing fertilizer, biochemical potassium fulvate, compound amino acid and NAM urease inhibitor, uniformly stirring, putting the mixture into a disc granulator as a mixed base material, mixing polyaspartic acid, dinotefuran and water, spraying the mixture on the mixed base material for disc granulation to obtain granules with the granularity of 10-50 meshes, and drying to obtain the fertilizer core; the surface of the fertilizer core is coated with a starch grafted film layer with the thickness of 0.1-1 mm, and the surface of the starch grafted film layer is continuously coated with a biodegradable polyester film layer with the thickness of 50-60 mu m, so that the double-film, double-slow-control and double-effect water-soluble pesticide-fertilizer integrated preparation is obtained.
As another example, the Chinese patent application with the patent application number of CN202110509535.1 discloses a novel environment-friendly medical fertilizer, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the medical fertilizer comprises a first slow release layer, a second slow release layer, a third slow release layer and a fourth slow release layer which are arranged from outside to inside, and the fourth slow release layer contains 40-64 parts of macroelement fertilizer and 6.2-12.5 parts of kaolin protein composite slow release adhesive by weight; the third slow release layer contains 0.5 to 5 parts of monosultap, 0.1 to 5 parts of chlorantraniliprole and 1 to 2 parts of kaolin natural polymer slow release adhesive; the second slow release layer contains 0.1 to 5 parts of medium trace element fertilizer and 0.8 to 1.5 parts of kaolin natural polymer slow release adhesive; the first slow release layer contains residual monosultap, residual macroelement fertilizer and residual kaolin protein composite slow release adhesive.
The disadvantage of the above patent is that: (1) The pesticide fertilizer with the multilayer structure is easy to crack in daily irrigation operation, so that the preset multilayer structure cannot generate effects in sequence; (2) After the multilayer structure is broken, multiple components can act simultaneously, and the fertilizer application and disinsection effects on crops are limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pesticide-fertilizer integrated granular preparation, which takes fertilizer as a carrier and can fertilize and kill insects for crops once according to the sequence of once topdressing, insecticidal and twice topdressing; the components for realizing the disinsection and the secondary topdressing in the granular preparation are in microsphere forms, and the performance of the corresponding stage of the granular preparation cannot be affected by daily irrigation operation.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:
the integrated granular preparation for pesticide and fertilizer comprises a fertilizer core, wherein the fertilizer core is dissolved after meeting water, the fertilizer core comprises a plurality of topdressing microspheres with diameters not more than 0.02mm and insecticidal microspheres, and the duration of the stable state of the topdressing microspheres is 1-2 times of the duration of the stable state of the insecticidal microspheres.
The fertilizer core of the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer integrated granular preparation begins to dissolve after meeting water, and additional fertilizer is carried out once; after the primary topdressing is finished, the stable state time of the topdressing microsphere is 1-2 times of the stable state time of the insecticidal microsphere, so that the insecticidal and secondary topdressing can sequentially act in sequence; meanwhile, as the additional fertilizer microsphere and the insecticidal microsphere are both microsphere structures with the particle size not larger than 0.02mm, the particle size of the daily irrigation water drops is 1-2 mm, the structural damage of the microspheres caused by the impact of the daily irrigation water drops is small, the additional fertilizer microsphere and the insecticidal microsphere can be ensured to maintain stable states according to the preset time, and further the full play of the efficacy of the pesticide fertilizer is ensured. The stable state of the topdressing microsphere and the stable state of the insecticidal microsphere are realized by respectively adjusting the composition components and the structure of the topdressing microsphere and the insecticidal microsphere.
In the above-mentioned drug-fertilizer integrated granule preparation, the fertilizer core further comprises a topdressing carrier, the topdressing carrier forms a fertilizer core main body, and the topdressing carrier comprises fertilizer and natural polymer matrix.
Compared with a pure fertilizer structure, the structure formed by the fertilizer and the natural polymer matrix is stronger in water absorption capacity, cannot be split immediately after irrigation impact, can delay the prior dissolution of the topdressing carrier after the structure absorbs water, can also relieve the split of the structure of the integrated granular preparation of the fertilizer, and further reduces the influence on follow-up topdressing microspheres and insecticidal microspheres in daily irrigation operation.
The invention provides a structure of a pesticide-fertilizer integrated granular preparation, wherein the mass ratio of fertilizer to natural polymer matrix in a topdressing carrier is 1:0.1-0.3, and a plurality of topdressing microspheres and a plurality of insecticidal microspheres are uniformly mixed and then sealed in the topdressing carrier.
The additional fertilizer microsphere and the insecticidal microsphere are sealed in the additional fertilizer carrier to reduce the influence of daily operation on the additional fertilizer microsphere and the insecticidal microsphere before the additional fertilizer carrier is dissolved to the greatest extent, and after the additional fertilizer carrier is partially dissolved or split, the additional fertilizer microsphere and the insecticidal microsphere are not dispersed around due to the adsorption of the natural polymer matrix so as to ensure the follow-up accurate medication and fertilization, and in addition, the additional fertilizer microsphere and the insecticidal microsphere are uniformly mixed in the additional fertilizer carrier, so that the condition of uneven medication or fertilization can not occur.
In order to prevent the premature splitting of the topdressing carrier, which is unfavorable for subsequent disinsection and secondary topdressing, the thickness ratio of the secondary core layer formed by uniformly mixing the plurality of topdressing microspheres and the plurality of disinsection microspheres to the topdressing carrier is about 1:3-7.
In order to prevent nutrients contained in the fertilizer from being dissolved in soil moisture excessively rapidly, the fertilizer is lost along with the flowing of surface water and the infiltration of the soil moisture into the ground before being absorbed by crops, and the additional fertilizer carrier also comprises 30-50 parts of chicken manure or cow manure.
Or, the invention provides a structure of another pesticide-fertilizer integrated granular preparation, wherein the mass ratio of fertilizer to natural polymer matrix in the topdressing carrier is 2-2.5:1, and the topdressing microspheres and the insecticidal microspheres are respectively and uniformly distributed in the topdressing carrier.
The higher natural polymer matrix ratio in the topdressing carrier ensures that the topdressing microspheres and the insecticidal microspheres are completely wrapped by the topdressing carrier after the granular preparation encounters water, further protects the structures of the topdressing microspheres and the insecticidal microspheres, and the uniformly distributed topdressing microspheres and the insecticidal microspheres accurately ensure the subsequent insecticidal and secondary topdressing application amount.
In order to further ensure that the topdressing carrier is rapidly formed after meeting water and avoid the lapse of topdressing microspheres and insecticidal microspheres, the invention also adds natural polymer initiator, preferably, the mass ratio of chitosan and natural polymer initiator in the natural polymer matrix is 1:0.1-0.2.
In the pesticide-fertilizer integrated granular preparation, the topdressing microsphere comprises a topdressing core and a biodegradable layer wrapping the outer surface of the topdressing core, and the content of monosultap in the pesticide microsphere is not less than 0.3%.
The additional fertilizer microsphere is used as secondary additional fertilizer, so that a stable state needs to be maintained for a long time, the additional fertilizer microsphere is preferably a structure that a biodegradable layer wraps an additional fertilizer core, the biodegradable layer can select corresponding components according to practical application, and the insecticidal microsphere is preferably water-insoluble monosultap.
Further, the additional fertilizer core in the additional fertilizer microsphere is one or more of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, medium trace element fertilizer, biological bacterial fertilizer and organic fertilizer. The specific components and the proportion of the topdressing core are selected according to the types of crops and the application period.
Further, the outer surface of the fertilizer core is uniformly wrapped with a disinfection shell, and the disinfection shell comprises plant ash and/or negative ion materials. The disinfection shell improves the storage performance of the integrated granular preparation of the pesticide and the fertilizer, can sterilize and disinfect, further prolongs the storage time of the granular preparation, has negative ion material effect, can promote the growth of crops in the agricultural field, improves the yield, has the structure that the negative ion material can generally adsorb fertilizer components in an additional fertilizer carrier, avoids the fertilizer in the additional fertilizer carrier from being absorbed by soil rapidly, and reduces the utilization rate of the fertilizer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The fertilizer core of the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer integrated granular preparation begins to dissolve after meeting water, and additional fertilizer is carried out once; after the primary topdressing is finished, the stable state time of the topdressing microsphere is 1-2 times of the stable state time of the insecticidal microsphere, so that the insecticidal and secondary topdressing can sequentially act in sequence; meanwhile, as the additional fertilizer microsphere and the insecticidal microsphere are both microsphere structures with the diameter smaller than 0.02mm, the particle size of the daily irrigated water drops is 1-2 mm, so that the impact of the daily irrigated water drops has less damage to the structures of the microspheres, the stable state according to the preset time can be ensured, and further the full play of the efficacy of the pesticide fertilizer is ensured.
(2) Compared with a pure fertilizer structure, the structure formed by the fertilizer and the natural polymer matrix is stronger in water absorption capacity, cannot be split immediately after irrigation impact, can delay the prior dissolution of the topdressing carrier after the structure absorbs water, can also relieve the split of the structure of the integrated granular preparation of the fertilizer, and further reduces the influence on follow-up topdressing microspheres and insecticidal microspheres in daily irrigation operation.
(3) According to the invention, the topdressing microspheres and the insecticidal microspheres are enclosed in the topdressing carrier so as to reduce the influence of daily operation on the topdressing microspheres and the insecticidal microspheres before the topdressing carrier is dissolved to the greatest extent, and after the topdressing carrier is partially dissolved or split, the topdressing microspheres and the insecticidal microspheres are not dispersed around due to the adsorption of natural polymer matrixes so as to ensure the follow-up accurate medication and fertilization, and in addition, the topdressing microspheres and the insecticidal microspheres are uniformly mixed in the topdressing carrier, so that the condition of uneven medication or fertilization can not occur.
(4) The high natural polymer matrix in the topdressing carrier disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the high natural polymer matrix ratio ensures that the topdressing microspheres and the insecticidal microspheres are completely wrapped by the topdressing carrier after the granular preparation meets water, the structure of the topdressing microspheres and the insecticidal microspheres is further protected, and the uniformly distributed topdressing microspheres and the insecticidal microspheres accurately ensure the subsequent insecticidal and secondary topdressing application amount.
(5) The additional fertilizer microsphere is used as the secondary additional fertilizer, so that a stable state needs to be maintained for a long time, the additional fertilizer microsphere is preferably a structure that a biodegradable layer wraps an additional fertilizer core, the biodegradable layer can select corresponding components according to practical application, and the insecticidal microsphere is preferably water-insoluble monosultap.
(6) The disinfection shell improves the storage performance of the integrated granular preparation of the pesticide and the fertilizer, can sterilize and disinfect, further prolongs the storage time of the granular preparation, has negative ion material effect, can promote the growth of crops in the agricultural field, improves the yield, has the structure that the negative ion material can generally adsorb fertilizer components in an additional fertilizer carrier, avoids the fertilizer in the additional fertilizer carrier from being absorbed by soil rapidly, and reduces the utilization rate of the fertilizer.
Detailed Description
The following describes the technical scheme of the invention in further detail by using specific embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a pesticide-fertilizer integrated granular preparation, which comprises a fertilizer core which is dissolved after meeting water, wherein the fertilizer core comprises a topdressing carrier, topdressing microspheres and insecticidal microspheres which form a fertilizer core main body. The topdressing microspheres and the insecticidal microspheres are uniformly mixed to form a secondary core layer, and the secondary core layer is sealed in the topdressing carrier and has a thickness ratio of about 1:3 with the topdressing carrier.
Wherein the topdressing carrier comprises fertilizer and natural polymer matrix with the mass ratio of 1:0.1, and also comprises 30 parts of chicken manure. The fertilizer is a high-concentration compound fertilizer with the total nutrient content of more than 40%, and the water-soluble phosphorus occupies more than 60% of available phosphorus, and the natural polymer matrix of the embodiment is preferably biological cellulose chitosan.
The particle size of the topdressing microsphere and the insecticidal microsphere is not more than 0.02mm, the stable state duration of the topdressing microsphere is 1 time of the stable state duration of the insecticidal microsphere, the topdressing microsphere comprises a topdressing core and a biodegradable layer wrapping the outer surface of the topdressing core, the topdressing core is a medium-concentration compound fertilizer, the total nutrient content is more than 40%, the water-soluble phosphorus occupies more than 60% of available phosphorus, the nitrate nitrogen content is more than 1.5%, and the water content is less than 2%. The insecticidal microsphere comprises 0.3% of monosultap and 0.1% of carbendazim powder.
Example 2
This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1, except for the following:
the thickness ratio of the secondary core layer to the topdressing carrier in the fertilizer core is about 1:7, the mass ratio of the fertilizer to the natural polymer matrix in the topdressing carrier is 1:0.3, the stable state duration of the topdressing microsphere is 2 times of the stable state duration of the insecticidal microsphere, the topdressing core is a potassium dihydrogen high potassium fertilizer, and the biodegradable layer of the topdressing microsphere is nano kaolin.
Example 3
This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1, except for the following:
the thickness ratio of the secondary core layer to the topdressing carrier in the fertilizer core is about 1:5, the mass ratio of the fertilizer to the natural polymer matrix in the topdressing carrier is 1:0.2, the stable state duration of the topdressing microsphere is 1.5 times of the stable state duration of the insecticidal microsphere, the topdressing core is a potassium dihydrogen high potassium fertilizer, and the biodegradable layer of the topdressing microsphere is nano kaolin.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a pesticide-fertilizer integrated granular preparation with another structure, which comprises a fertilizer core which is dissolved after meeting water, wherein the fertilizer core comprises an additional fertilizer carrier, additional fertilizer microspheres and insecticidal microspheres which form a fertilizer core main body. The topdressing microspheres and the insecticidal microspheres are uniformly distributed in the topdressing carrier.
Wherein the topdressing carrier comprises fertilizer and natural polymer matrix with the mass ratio of 2:1, and the mass ratio of chitosan and natural polymer initiator in the natural polymer matrix is 1:0.1. The fertilizer is a high-concentration compound fertilizer with the total nutrient content of more than 40 percent, and the water-soluble phosphorus occupies more than 60 percent of available phosphorus.
The particle size of the topdressing microsphere and the particle size of the insecticidal microsphere are smaller than 0.02mm, the stable state duration of the topdressing microsphere is 1.5 times of the stable state duration of the insecticidal microsphere, the topdressing microsphere comprises a topdressing core and a biodegradable layer wrapping the outer surface of the topdressing core, the topdressing core is a potassium dihydrogen high potassium fertilizer, and the biodegradable layer of the topdressing microsphere is nano kaolin. The insecticidal microsphere comprises 0.3% of monosultap and 0.1% of carbendazim powder.
Example 5
This example is substantially identical to example 4, except for the following:
the mass ratio of the fertilizer to the natural polymer matrix in the topdressing carrier is 2.5:1, and the mass ratio of the fertilizer to the natural polymer matrix in the topdressing carrier is 1:0.2.
Example 6
This example is substantially identical to example 4, except for the following:
the mass ratio of the fertilizer to the natural polymer matrix in the topdressing carrier is 2:1, and the mass ratio of the fertilizer to the natural polymer matrix in the topdressing carrier is 1:0.2.
Example 7
This example is substantially identical to example 4, except for the following:
the outer surface of the fertilizer core is uniformly wrapped with a disinfection shell, and the disinfection shell is formed by wrapping the outer surface of the fertilizer core with plant ash.
Example 8
This example is substantially identical to example 4, except for the following:
the outer surface of the fertilizer core is uniformly wrapped with a disinfection shell, the disinfection shell is formed by wrapping the outer surface of the fertilizer core with plant ash and nano sepiolite, and the mass ratio of the plant ash to the nano sepiolite is 1:0.05.
Comparative example 1
This example is substantially identical to example 3, with the following differences:
the particle diameters of the topdressing microsphere and the insecticidal microsphere are 0.5mm.
Comparative example 2
This example is substantially identical to example 6, except for the following:
the particle diameters of the topdressing microsphere and the insecticidal microsphere are 0.5mm.
The drug-fertilizer integrated granular formulations provided in examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were subjected to a thermal storage test. The test method is as follows:
the granular formulation samples were sealed in glass vials, stored in an incubator at 54 ℃ ± 2 ℃ for 14d and 28d, removed, placed in a desiccator, and cooled to room temperature. The determination of the mass fraction of the active ingredient is completed within 24 hours. The measurement results are shown in the following table.
Table 1 results of heat storage test of the integrated granular formulations of the drugs and fertilizers of examples 1 to 8 and comparative example 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the decomposition rates of the integrated granular preparation for medical fertilizer provided in examples 1-8 are lower than 5% in 14d and 28d, wherein the decomposition rate of 14d is lower than 2%, so that the integrated granular preparation for medical fertilizer provided by the invention is excellent in stability of two structures. Wherein the decomposition rates of comparative examples 1-2 are all significantly higher, it is presumed that the particle size change of the topdressing microspheres and the insecticidal microspheres affects the stability of the granular formulation.
The drug-fertilizer integrated granular formulations provided in examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were subjected to a steady state test. The test method is as follows:
placing the granular preparation samples in a glass bottle, storing the granular preparation samples in an environment of 28+/-2 ℃ under the condition of 8 hours of illumination every day, spraying deionized water into the glass bottle every 5 days until part of the samples are removed in 7d, 14d and 28d respectively, placing the samples in a dryer, detecting the number of topdressing microspheres and insecticidal microsphere cracks of each sample, calculating the cracking rate, and testing the results shown in the table below.
Table 2 results of steady state tests of the drug-fertilizer integrated granular formulations of examples 1 to 8 and comparative example 1
As shown in table 2, the insecticidal microspheres and the topdressing microspheres of the pesticide-fertilizer integrated granular preparation provided in examples 1-8 have a breakage rate of less than 5% in 7d, so that the topdressing carrier of the pesticide-fertilizer integrated granular preparation can be effectively ensured to maintain a stable state when topdressing is carried out once; the breaking rate of the insecticidal microspheres is about 38% in 14d, so that the insecticidal can be orderly carried out, the breaking rate of the additional fertilizer microspheres is lower than 20%, the preparation can be ensured to carry out secondary additional fertilizer after the insecticidal is finished, and a sufficient interval period is also ensured between the primary additional fertilizer and the secondary additional fertilizer; the insecticidal microspheres are almost completely broken in 28 days, the breaking rate of the additional fertilizer microspheres is kept at about 30%, and the secondary additional fertilizer effect can be effectively ensured. Meanwhile, the insecticidal microspheres and the top dressing microspheres of comparative examples 1 and 2 had a low breakage rate at 7d, but both microspheres were difficult to maintain in a stable state at 14d, and had all broken at 28 d.
Field growth test of the pesticide fertilizer of examples 1-8
The test crop is Kyoho grape, and is tested in a certain area of Zhejiang.
The Kyoho grapes are randomly and averagely divided into 10 groups of 300 plants, each group is planted with one mu, and the planting is carried out at adjacent planting sites. Application of base fertilizer referring to conventional field management, the fertilization amount of base fertilizer: the fertilizing amount can be 3000-4000 kg of organic fertilizer per mu and 1.5-2.0 kg of phosphorus-calcium fertilizer is combined. Before grape fruit setting, 10 groups of the integrated granular preparation of the pesticide and fertilizer of examples 1-9 and comparative examples 1-2 are randomly selected and applied, the dosage is 50kg per mu, the application method is that the pesticide and fertilizer is placed under grape roots, and other field management modes are carried out conventionally; the obtained grape fruits were collected during the picking period and tested for each item. The test method is as follows:
average mass of fruit particles: randomly selecting 5kg of each group of collected grape clusters, respectively carrying out fruit grain quality test on single fruits, and taking an average value;
sugar degree: randomly selecting 5kg of grape clusters collected in each group, respectively carrying out sugar degree test on single fruits, and taking an average value;
appearance: and classifying the appearance grades of the collected grape clusters according to the appearance color and the fruit grain size of the fruits, and measuring and calculating the first grade rate. The test results were as follows:
TABLE 3 results of field growth experiments for examples 1-8 and comparative examples 1-2
As can be seen from table 3, the results of the field growth test of the pesticide-fertilizer integrated granule formulations of examples 1 to 8 are significantly better than those of the comparative example group in the evaluation of the average quality, sugar degree and appearance of the fruit pieces, and example 8 is significantly better than example 7, presumably because of the effect of the negative ion component. While comparative examples 1-2 may not effectively exert the functions of topdressing and disinfestation, each item of data is far inferior to the examples.
Claims (10)
1. The integrated granular preparation for the pesticide and the fertilizer comprises a fertilizer core, and is characterized in that the fertilizer core is dissolved after meeting water, the fertilizer core comprises a plurality of topdressing microspheres with diameters not more than 0.02mm and insecticidal microspheres, and the duration of the stable state of the topdressing microspheres is 1-2 times of the duration of the stable state of the insecticidal microspheres.
2. The pharmaceutical fertilizer integrated granule formulation of claim 1, wherein the fertilizer core further comprises a topdressing carrier, the topdressing carrier comprising a fertilizer and a natural polymeric matrix, the topdressing carrier comprising a fertilizer core body.
3. The integrated granule preparation for pesticide and fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the fertilizer to the natural polymer matrix in the topdressing carrier is 1:0.1-0.3, and the topdressing microspheres and the insecticidal microspheres are uniformly mixed and then sealed in the topdressing carrier.
4. The pharmaceutical-fertilizer integrated granule formulation of claim 3, wherein the secondary core layer formed by uniformly mixing the plurality of additional fertilizer microspheres and the plurality of insecticidal microspheres and the additional fertilizer carrier have a thickness ratio of about 1:3-7.
5. The integrated granule preparation for medical fertilizer according to claim 4, wherein the additional fertilizer carrier further comprises 30-50 parts by mass of dried chicken manure or dried cow manure.
6. The integrated granule preparation of pesticide and fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of fertilizer to natural polymer matrix in the topdressing carrier is 2-2.5:1, and the topdressing microspheres and the insecticidal microspheres are uniformly distributed in the topdressing carrier respectively.
7. The integrated granule of claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of chitosan to natural polymer initiator in the natural polymer matrix is 1:0.1-0.2.
8. The integrated granule formulation of claim 1, wherein the topdressing microsphere comprises a topdressing core and a biodegradable layer wrapping the outer surface of the topdressing core, and the content of monosultap in the microsphere is not less than 0.3%.
9. The integrated granule of claim 1, wherein the additional core of the additional microsphere is one or more of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, medium trace element fertilizer, biological bacterial fertilizer and organic fertilizer.
10. The integrated granule formulation of medical fertilizer as set forth in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the outer surface of the fertilizer core is uniformly coated with a sterilizing shell, the sterilizing shell comprising plant ash and/or a negative ion material.
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| JPH07206564A (en) * | 1994-01-11 | 1995-08-08 | Chisso Corp | Agrochemical-coated granular fertilizer and its production |
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| CN108191473A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-06-22 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of granulated fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN113072409A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-07-06 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Low tower preparation method of small particle calcium fertilizer containing nitrogen and calcium oxide |
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| JPH07206564A (en) * | 1994-01-11 | 1995-08-08 | Chisso Corp | Agrochemical-coated granular fertilizer and its production |
| CN1153157A (en) * | 1995-09-28 | 1997-07-02 | 住友化学工业株式会社 | Pesticide-containing granular fertilizer composition and process for producing the same |
| CN108191473A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-06-22 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of granulated fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN113072409A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-07-06 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Low tower preparation method of small particle calcium fertilizer containing nitrogen and calcium oxide |
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