CN116191685A - Three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure applied to dynamic wireless power supply system - Google Patents

Three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure applied to dynamic wireless power supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116191685A
CN116191685A CN202211680795.6A CN202211680795A CN116191685A CN 116191685 A CN116191685 A CN 116191685A CN 202211680795 A CN202211680795 A CN 202211680795A CN 116191685 A CN116191685 A CN 116191685A
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China
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phase
coil
distance
transmitting end
short
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CN202211680795.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
宋贝贝
孙天
崔淑梅
朱春波
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Priority to CN202211680795.6A priority Critical patent/CN116191685A/en
Publication of CN116191685A publication Critical patent/CN116191685A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/005—Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • H02J50/402—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/90—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure applied to a dynamic wireless power supply system. According to the short-distance distributed transmitting coil structure, the harmonic component in the travelling wave magnetic field generated by the transmitting end can be eliminated by specially designing the turn distance and the coil length of the transmitting coil, so that the energy transfer magnetic field is distributed in a sine way along the moving path of the receiving end. The short-distance distributed transmitting coil structure is applied to a three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system, so that fluctuation of output power in the dynamic wireless power supply system can be effectively restrained, and the output stability of the system is improved.

Description

Three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure applied to dynamic wireless power supply system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless power transmission, and particularly relates to a three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure applied to a dynamic wireless power supply system.
Background
The dynamic wireless power supply technology can fundamentally solve the problems that the energy density of a vehicle-mounted power battery of a new energy electric automobile is low, the endurance mileage is insufficient, the parking charging is frequent and the like, can greatly improve the endurance mileage of the automobile, reduce the waiting time of the parking charging, and enable the automobile to get rid of the constraint of a wire in a non-contact charging mode, and has the advantages of high safety, strong flexibility, strong environmental adaptability and the like. For a dynamic wireless power supply system, a receiving end can move relative to a transmitting end in a charging process, so that mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil is changed, fluctuation of output voltage is caused, and output power is unstable. Therefore, suppressing the output voltage fluctuation of the receiving end has important significance for improving the transmission performance of the dynamic wireless power supply system and promoting the large-scale application of the dynamic wireless power supply system.
Compared with a single-phase wireless power supply system, the three-phase wireless power supply system can utilize a traveling wave magnetic field to reduce fluctuation of output voltage in the moving process of a receiving end, and is widely paid attention to various research institutions at home and abroad. Various research institutions at home and abroad conduct many researches on a three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system, however, the existing researches have a common defect: the sine of the transmission magnetic field is not subjected to targeted design of the transmission end, so that harmonic components in the travelling wave magnetic field generated by the three-phase transmission coil generate harmonic induction voltage in the receiving coil, the output voltage of the receiving end still changes along with the position of the receiving end, and the output power cannot be constant in the dynamic charging process. This not only increases the difficulty in designing the receiving side converter, but also reduces the average output power of the system. Therefore, how to effectively suppress the harmonic component in the exciting magnetic field of the transmitting end is a problem to be solved in the dynamic wireless power supply technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure applied to a dynamic wireless power supply system.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme, the invention provides a three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure applied to a dynamic wireless power supply system, the three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure is formed by arranging three groups of single-phase coils in an xOy plane along the x-axis direction in a staggered way by 2τ/3, the three groups of coils are respectively excited by three-phase alternating currents, the single-phase coils are wound in a roundabout way along the x-axis direction, the winding directions among adjacent coils are opposite, and the coil length l T The same; number of turns N of coil T Satisfy N T =2n, where N is a positive integer, the number of turns N T Refers to the number of single turns constituting any one coil; the three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure adjusts system performance by adjusting the space between the conductor turns and the length of the coil.
Further, in this structure, the transmitting end adopts a length l T A short-range coil of = (i-1) · (τ/i) to achieve the objective of eliminating the i-th harmonic magnetic field, where τ is the pole pitch of the transmitting coil; meanwhile, the phase difference delta x of each turn of short-distance coil along the travelling direction, namely the x-axis direction T Is placed by letting Deltax T =2τ/(j·n) to achieve the purpose of eliminating the j-th harmonic magnetic field.
Further, the x-axis direction refers to the moving direction of the receiving end relative to the transmitting end; the xOy plane refers to the plane where the receiving end is located; the polar distance tau refers to the distance between the geometric centers of adjacent coils in phase.
Further, the inter-turn distance Deltax T Refers to the axial center distance between any one wire in any coil and the other wire adjacent to the wire and having the same current direction.
Further, the coil length l T Refers to the projected length of any turn in any transmit coil in the x-axis direction.
Further, the configuration of each phase of transmit coil is the same.
Further, adjacent two-phase coils are arranged in a staggered manner along the x-axis direction in the xOy plane by a phase difference of (2τ/3).
Further, the amplitude of the sinusoidal alternating current excitation current fed by each phase of transmitting coil is equal, and the time phases of excitation of the adjacent two phases of coils are different (2 pi/3).
Further, the coil is wound by using the same physical property wire.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, through design parameters, the three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end can simultaneously eliminate any two harmonic components in the excitation magnetic field of the transmitting end, can be simultaneously applied to single-phase and multi-phase receiving end wireless power supply systems with various configurations, and has universality.
(2) The three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end is simple in design, fluctuation of output power can be restrained basically, system efficiency is improved, a receiving end does not need to regulate and control output voltage through a DC/DC converter, system performance is improved, and system cost is reduced.
(3) Compared with the traditional whole-distance transmitting coil, the three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end has the advantages that the self inductance of the transmitting coil is reduced, the voltage stress of the coil in the working process is reduced, and the three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end can be suitable for a system with a larger power level.
(4) Compared with the traditional full-distance transmitting coil, the three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end has the advantages that the wire consumption is reduced, the cost of the system is reduced, meanwhile, the coil resistance is reduced, the energy loss is reduced, and the system has higher energy transmission efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-phase transmitting coil in the three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure;
fig. 2 is a front view of a structure of a single-phase transmitting coil in the three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting coil;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the z-axis component distribution of a single-phase magnetic field of a conventional three-phase meander-type transmitting coil;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the z-axis component distribution of a single-phase magnetic field of a short-range distributed transmitting coil;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the output voltage variation of a conventional three-phase structure and the structure according to the present invention during dynamic wireless power supply.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior researches, the invention provides a short-distance distributed transmitting coil structure applied to a dynamic wireless power supply system. According to the short-distance distributed transmitting coil structure, the harmonic component in the travelling wave magnetic field generated by the transmitting end can be eliminated by specially designing the turn distance and the coil length of the transmitting coil, so that the energy transfer magnetic field is distributed in a sine way along the moving path of the receiving end. The short-distance distributed transmitting coil structure is applied to a three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system, so that fluctuation of output power in the dynamic wireless power supply system can be effectively restrained, and the output stability of the system is improved. Meanwhile, the receiving end does not need to regulate and control the output voltage through the DC/DC converter, so that the purpose of omitting the DC/DC converter of the receiving end and reducing the system cost is achieved. The short-distance distributed transmitting coil structure has universality and can be simultaneously applied to single-phase and multi-phase receiving end wireless power supply systems adopting different configurations. By reasonably designing parameters such as the turn distance, the coil length and the like of the short-distance distributed transmitting coil, the short-distance distributed receiving coil can achieve the purpose of constant output power when being matched with different receiving ends.
The invention provides a three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure applied to a dynamic wireless power supply system, which is formed by arranging three groups of single-phase coils in an xOy plane along the x-axis direction in a staggered mode of 2 tau/3, wherein the three groups of coils are respectively fed with three-phase alternating current excitation, the single-phase coils are wound in a roundabout way along the x-axis direction, the winding directions among adjacent coils are opposite, and the coil length l T The same; number of turns N of coil T Satisfy N T =2n, where N is a positive integer, the number of turns N T Refers to the number of single turns constituting any one coilThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure adjusts system performance by adjusting the space between the conductor turns and the length of the coil. The single-phase short-range distributed transmitting coil is shown in fig. 1 and 2, and the three-phase short-range distributed transmitting coil is shown in fig. 3.
In the structure, the transmitting end adopts the length l T A short-range coil of = (i-1) · (τ/i) to achieve the objective of eliminating the i-th harmonic magnetic field, where τ is the pole pitch of the transmitting coil; meanwhile, the phase difference delta x of each turn of short-distance coil along the travelling direction, namely the x-axis direction T Is placed by letting Deltax T =2τ/(j·n) to achieve the purpose of eliminating the j-th harmonic magnetic field.
The x-axis direction refers to the moving direction of the receiving end relative to the transmitting end; the xOy plane refers to the plane where the receiving end is located; the polar distance tau refers to the distance between the geometric centers of adjacent coils in phase. The z-axis direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the xOy plane pointing toward the receiving end.
The turn spacing Deltax T Refers to the axial center distance between any one wire in any coil and the other wire adjacent to the wire and having the same current direction.
The coil length l T Refers to the projected length of any turn in any transmit coil in the x-axis direction. Coil width w T Refers to the projected length of any turn in any transmit coil in the direction of the vertical x-axis in the xOy plane.
The harmonic wave refers to a traveling wave magnetic field component with the frequency being an integer multiple or a fraction multiple of the fundamental wave of the traveling wave magnetic field in the traveling wave magnetic field. The traveling wave magnetic field fundamental wave refers to a traveling wave magnetic field component with the frequency of omega=pi/tau in the traveling wave magnetic field.
In the three-phase transmitting terminal shown in fig. 3, the configuration of each phase transmitting coil is the same. Adjacent two-phase coils are arranged in a staggered manner along the x-axis direction within the xOy plane by a phase difference of (2τ/3). The sinusoidal alternating current excitation current fed by each phase of transmitting coil has equal amplitude, and the time phases excited by the adjacent two phases of coils are different (2 pi/3). The coil is wound by adopting leads with the same physical properties.
The two frequency components can be eliminated respectively by designing the coil length and the turn spacing, and the eliminated harmonic frequency should be determined based on the actual requirement in the design process. Here, the elimination of fifth harmonic and seventh harmonic is taken as an example:
embodiment one:
step 1: selecting the pole distance tau=1800 mm, and the number of turns N of the single-phase coil T ＝2n＝4，i＝5，j＝7；
Step 2: let coil length l T = (i-1) · (τ/i) =1440 mm, eliminating 5 th harmonic of the induced voltage in the receiving coil by eliminating 5 th harmonic magnetic field with reasonable coil length, and further eliminating the problem of output power fluctuation caused by 5 th harmonic;
step 3: let the turn spacing Deltax T =2τ/(j·n) = 257.14mm, eliminating 7 th harmonic of the induced voltage in the receiving coil by eliminating 7 th harmonic magnetic field with a reasonable inter-turn distance, and further eliminating the problem of output power fluctuation caused by 7 th harmonic;
step 4: and (3) winding a coil by adopting Litz wires or a plurality of insulated enameled wires, wherein the multiphase coils are positioned in the same plane, and three-phase alternating current excitation is introduced for energy transmission.
Embodiment two:
step 1: selecting the pole distance tau=1800 mm, and the number of turns N of the single-phase coil T ＝2n＝4，i＝7，j＝5；
Step 2: let coil length l T = (i-1) · (τ/i) = 1542.86mm, eliminating the 7 th harmonic of the induced voltage in the receiving coil by eliminating the 7 th harmonic magnetic field with a reasonable coil length, and further eliminating the problem of output power fluctuation caused by the 7 th harmonic;
step 3: let the turn spacing Deltax T 2 tau/(j.n) =360 mm, eliminating 5 th harmonic of induced voltage in the receiving coil through a reasonable inter-turn distance, and further eliminating the problem of output power fluctuation caused by 5 th harmonic;
step 4: and winding a coil by adopting Litz wires or a plurality of insulating enamelled wires, wherein the multiphase coils are positioned in the same plane, and exciting is conducted to conduct energy transfer.
The three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure applied to the dynamic wireless power supply system is described in detail, and specific examples are applied to illustrate the principle and the implementation mode of the dynamic wireless power supply system, and the description of the above examples is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the dynamic wireless power supply system; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention in view of the above.

Claims (9)

1. Be applied to dynamic wireless power supply system's three-phase short distance distributed transmitting terminal structure, its characterized in that: the three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure is formed by arranging three groups of single-phase coils in an xOy plane along the x-axis direction in a staggered mode by 2τ/3, three groups of coils are respectively excited by three-phase alternating currents, the single-phase coils are wound in a roundabout way along the x-axis direction, the winding directions of adjacent coils are opposite, and the coil length l T The same; number of turns N of coil T Satisfy N T =2n, where N is a positive integer, the number of turns N T Refers to the number of single turns constituting any one coil; the three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure adjusts system performance by adjusting the space between the conductor turns and the length of the coil.
2. The three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting end adopts a length l T A short-range coil of = (i-1) · (τ/i) to achieve the objective of eliminating the i-th harmonic magnetic field, where τ is the pole pitch of the transmitting coil; meanwhile, the phase difference delta x of each turn of short-distance coil along the travelling direction, namely the x-axis direction T Is placed by letting Deltax T =2τ/(j·n) to achieve the purpose of eliminating the j-th harmonic magnetic field.
3. The three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure according to claim 2, wherein the x-axis direction refers to a moving direction of the receiving end relative to the transmitting end; the xOy plane refers to the plane where the receiving end is located; the polar distance tau refers to the distance between the geometric centers of adjacent coils in phase.
4. The three-phase short-range distributed transmitting end structure according to claim 2, characterized in that inter-turn distance Δx T Refers to the axial center distance between any one wire in any coil and the other wire adjacent to the wire and having the same current direction.
5. The three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure according to claim 2, wherein the coil length l T Refers to the projected length of any turn in any transmit coil in the x-axis direction.
6. The three-phase short-range distributed transmitting end structure according to claim 2, wherein the configuration of each phase of transmitting coil is the same.
7. The three-phase short-range distributed transmitting end structure according to claim 2, wherein adjacent two-phase coils are arranged in an xOy plane along the x-axis direction by a phase difference (2τ/3) dislocation.
8. The three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure according to claim 2, wherein the amplitude of sinusoidal alternating current excitation current fed by each phase of transmitting coil is equal, and the time phases of excitation of adjacent two phases of coils are different by (2 pi/3).
9. The three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure according to claim 2, wherein the coils are wound by adopting leads with the same physical properties.
CN202211680795.6A 2022-12-27 2022-12-27 Three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure applied to dynamic wireless power supply system Pending CN116191685A (en)

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CN202211680795.6A CN116191685A (en) 2022-12-27 2022-12-27 Three-phase short-distance distributed transmitting end structure applied to dynamic wireless power supply system

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