CN202503405U - AC generator - Google Patents
AC generator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN202503405U CN202503405U CN2012201251751U CN201220125175U CN202503405U CN 202503405 U CN202503405 U CN 202503405U CN 2012201251751 U CN2012201251751 U CN 2012201251751U CN 201220125175 U CN201220125175 U CN 201220125175U CN 202503405 U CN202503405 U CN 202503405U
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- alternating current
- multipole
- ultrasonic
- generator
- voltage
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an AC generator, which comprises a motor served as the power producer, and is characterized by further comprising two multipolar high-frequency generators with different numbers of magnetic poles, a reversing conductive ring, a carbon brush and a rectification circuit, wherein rotors of the two multipolar high-frequency generators are mounted on a same rotor shaft driven by the motor, rotor coils of the two multipolar high-frequency generators are connected in series and then connected with an input end of the rectification circuit, an output end of the rectification circuit is connected to the reversing conductive ring which is also mounted on the rotor shaft, and the reversing conductive ring contacts with the carbon brush for outputting a required sine wave AC current. Compared with the generator of the prior art, the AC generator has the advantages of simple structure, convenient production process, capability of saving massive silicon steel materials and copper materials, and reduced cost; moreover, the AC generator of the utility model has high generating efficiency, small waveform distortion of output sine wave AC current, and strong anti-interference capability.
Description
Technical field
the utility model relates to a kind of alternating current generator.
Background technology
inversion generator is because its volume is little, in light weight, and plurality of advantages such as good electrical property develop very fast in the small engine electrical generator fields in recent years.The operation principle of conventional inversion generator is to adopt a ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator to send a undamped alternating current that frequency is higher; Through method for rectifying this AC rectification is become a constant DC; Convert thereof into needed alternating current through inverter circuit again, be commonly called as the ADA mode.Because existing ADA inverter circuit is through bridge circuit, adopt the IGBT power transistor to direct current copped wave, through lc circuit this waveform is carried out shaping again, be reduced into AC sine wave.Can produce bigger switching loss because adopt the IGBT power transistor under the state of chopping frequency 20K, to work; Cause the loss of transistorized heating and power; Reduced efficient; The high-power inductance that is used for waveform after the copped wave is carried out shaping simultaneously also can produce bigger heat, causes bigger loss.Simultaneously the multiple harmonic of 20K chopping frequency can produce missile high frequency radio electromagnetic wave, as will with generator power do bigger, then the radio magnetic wave is also bigger, this can't pass through existing European EMC authentication requesting.
also have through direct with the rectification of controlled rectification method to upper frequency undamped alternating current electricity in the prior art certainly; The angle of flow of controlling its different time simultaneously obtains the alternating current near sine waveform; But waveform distortion is bigger; And distortion factor variation is bigger under different loads, thereby can't satisfy the requirement of many electrical appliances.And from the employed IGBT high power transistor of cost angle A DA inverting; Big capacity electrochemical capacitor; The price of high-power inductance is all higher; And the igbt transistor specification is along with the increase of electric current, and the increase doubly of price exponentially is so will make more than 5 kilowatts or more powerful generator cost will be higher.So the inversion generator also is difficult to substitute conventional electric generators at present.
Can produce the alternating current with envelope after
two high-frequency alternating current stacks is known principle and method; This method can produce the little sine wave alternating current of waveform distortion, yet above-mentioned principle and method also is not utilized in the alternating current generator industry field.
Summary of the invention
the utility model purpose is: a kind of alternating current generator is provided, and it compares the existing generator that relates in the background technology, and is not only simple in structure; Production technology is convenient, saves material, and is with low cost; And waveform distortion is little, and antijamming capability is strong, and generating efficiency is high.
The technical scheme of
the utility model is: a kind of alternating current generator, comprise engine as power source, and it is characterized in that also comprising two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator, switching-over conducting ring, carbon brush and rectification circuits with different magnetic poles number; The rotor of said two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generators is installed in same by on engine-driven armature spindle; And after being connected in series, the rotor coil of these two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generators is connected with rectification circuit input end; The output of said rectification circuit then inserts the switching-over conducting ring that is installed in equally on the said armature spindle, and said switching-over conducting ring then contacts the required sine wave alternating current of output with carbon brush.
are preferred, and two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generators are the external stator inner rotor core described in the utility model, and their stator is fixed in the same stator cover.
In
the utility model as according to 3000 rev/mins of rotors; The general requirement of output AC electricity frequency 50Hz; Preferred two weeks of the cycle difference of one of them multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator and another multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator; Promptly produce the amplitude modulation overlaid waveforms that two cycles change; The amplitude modulation overlaid waveforms that said two cycles change forms the forward dc pulsating voltage waveform of a 50Hz alternating current after by rectification after through rectification, this dc pulse moving voltage is commutated through switching-over conducting ring and the carbon brush that is in contact with it export a required sine wave alternating current again.
are preferred, the high-frequency alternating current that the multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator of two different magnetic poles numbers described in the utility model sends the be connected in series zero crossing of the envelope waveform that forms and the reversal point angular alignment of the said relatively carbon brush of said switching-over conducting ring.
are further, also comprise voltage controller in the utility model, and the output of said rectification circuit links to each other with said voltage controller earlier and inserts the switching-over conducting ring again; Thereby said voltage controller is used for the dc pulse moving voltage size after the rectification adjusted and reaches the stable of alternator output voltage.
certainly further, voltage controller is preferably mounted on the armature spindle described in the utility model, and rotates synchronously with the rotor of two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generators.During practical implementation, said voltage controller shell can be fixed with the rotor of arbitrary multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator.
Outside the method that the utility model is adjusted except above-mentioned dc pulse moving voltage size after utilizing voltage controller to rectification, also provide another kind of pressure regulation means following:
The magnetic pole of the stator of
said two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generators all adopts permanent magnetism magnetic pole and the combination of electric excitation pole; Electric excitation pole coil on said two stators all connects voltage controller; Said voltage controller comprises sample circuit and the electric excitation pole coil driver that the alternating current generator output end voltage is taken a sample, and said electric excitation pole coil driver perhaps adopts other feeder ear (such as the power supply circuits of independently specializing in electric excitation pole coil) with the alternating current generator output as feeder ear; Said voltage controller is controlled two voltage swings on the rotor coil through the size of current on the electric excitation pole coil of adjusting two stators, thereby reaches the stable of output voltage.
are certain; Preferably; The sample circuit of voltage controller described in the utility model and electric excitation pole coil driver all insert said switching-over conducting ring; Said sample circuit exchange conductive ring output AC electricity is taken a sample, and electric excitation pole coil then adopts the alternating current of switching-over conducting ring output to supply power simultaneously.
in addition, rectification circuit described in the utility model also can adopt conventional controlled rectification circuit, controls through said controlled rectification circuit to reach the stable of alternator output voltage, this also is a kind of pressure regulation means.
The operation principle of
the utility model is following: after two output windings that send the multipole high-frequency alternator of different frequency undamped alternating current electricity connect with series system; Its waveform stack can produce the amplitude modulation alternating current with envelope of an amplitude with the voltage difference variation of two undamped alternating current electricity; Again said amplitude modulation alternating current being formed one after through the rectification circuit rectification has sinusoidal wave by the dc pulse moving voltage waveform after the rectification; Again said dc pulse moving voltage is inserted the switching-over conducting ring, through the carbon brush that contacts with said switching-over conducting ring said dc pulse moving voltage being commutated at last and drawing forms a required sine wave alternating current.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model is compared the generator of prior art; Simple in structure, production technology makes things convenient for, can practice thrift a large amount of silicon steel materials and therefore copper material has reduced cost; Electrical property can reach the majority parameters of present inversion generator; The index that all is higher than existing general generator, generating efficiency are compared particularly the Small Universal generator and are compared greatly and improve with general generator.Therefore practiced thrift use cost, also reduced pollution simultaneously environment.
It is little that
the utility model can produce waveform distortion; And the sine wave alternating current that does not have the high frequency radio Electromagnetic Interference; It not only has all advantages of existing inversion generator, and manufacturing cost is significantly less than existing inversion generator, even is lower than the manufacturing cost of general general generator at present; And there is not the high frequency radio electromagnetic wave, can passes through existing European EMC authentication requesting.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation (dc pulse moving voltage through after the control rectification comes regulated output voltage) of a kind of specific embodiment of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the A-A profile of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the B-B profile of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the electric principle sketch of Fig. 1 embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation (coming regulated output voltage through control section electricity excitation pole coil current) of the another kind of specific embodiment of the utility model;
Fig. 6 is the C-C profile of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is the D-D profile of Fig. 5;
Fig. 8 is the electric principle sketch of Fig. 5 embodiment;
Fig. 9 is the undamped alternating current electrical waveform that a multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator sends;
The undamped alternating current electrical waveform that Figure 10 sends for another multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator;
Figure 11 is the ac power waveform with envelope after the stack of two different frequency undamped alternating current electricity;
Figure 12 is the dc pulse moving voltage waveform of alternating current after rectification with envelope;
Figure 13 is the sine wave AC electrical waveform of dc pulse moving voltage after the switching-over conducting ring commutates.
wherein: M1, M2 represent two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generators that number of magnetic poles is different respectively; 1, engine; 2, armature spindle; 3, rotor field spider; 4, stator cover; 5, switching-over conducting ring; 6, carbon brush; 7, carbon brush holder; 8, voltage controller; Q1, Q2 represent the rotor magnetic pole of two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generators respectively; R1, R2 represent the magnetic steel of stator of two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generators respectively; L1, L2 represent the electric excitation pole of two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator stators respectively.
Embodiment
embodiment 1: combine shown in Fig. 1-4; This alternating current generator that present embodiment provides; Have the engine 1 as power source, the characteristics of its TRT part are that two different multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1, M2 of number of magnetic poles are made an overall structure, and the rotor that is about to two said multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1, M2 is fixed on the same rotor field spider 3; Rotor field spider 3 is fixed on the armature spindle 2, this armature spindle 2 links to each other with the output shaft of engine 1 again.And the stator of two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1, M2 is fixed on the same stator cover 4.Said two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1, M2 make the varying number number of magnetic poles; Because the number of magnetic poles of these two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1, M2 is different, therefore be fixed on the same roots rotor axle 2 when rotating the high frequency undamped alternating current that two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generators can send different frequency.Also be equipped with voltage controller 8 and switching-over conducting ring 5 on the armature spindle 2 in the present embodiment, then be fixed with carbon brush holder 7 in the stator cover 4, fixing carbon brush 6 on the said carbon brush holder 7.In conjunction with shown in Figure 4; After being connected in series, the rotor coil of said two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1, M2 is connected with rectification circuit input end; The output of said rectification circuit then inserts switching-over conducting ring 5 behind said voltage controller 8,5 of said switching-over conducting rings contact with carbon brush 6 and export required sine wave alternating current.
specifically combine shown in Fig. 2-3, and in the present embodiment, the rotor magnetic pole Q1 number of one of them multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1 is 30 utmost points, and the rotor magnetic pole Q2 number of another multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M2 is 24 utmost points; The corresponding magnetic steel of stator R1 of multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1 of 30 utmost points is that the corresponding magnetic steel of stator R2 of multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M2 of 10 pairs of SN utmost points, 24 utmost points is 8 pairs of SN utmost points.When rotating speed is 3000 rev/mins; What the multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1 of 30 utmost points exported is 500 hertz of constant amplitude high-frequency alternating currents of three-phase (as shown in Figure 9), and what the multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M2 of 24 utmost points exported is 400 hertz of constant amplitude high-frequency alternating currents of three-phase (shown in figure 10).
combine shown in Figure 11-13; During present embodiment work; Two voltages of rotor coil series connection back output of two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1, M2 are applied and produce the alternating current (shown in Figure 11) with envelope waveform; After the rectification of rectification circuit forms the dc pulse moving voltage (shown in Figure 12) of a sine wave after by rectification; The voltage controller 8 of said generator is installed on the rotor; Because galvanic pressure regulation makes things convenient for manyly than the pressure regulation of alternating current; Therefore preferential selection of this embodiment carried out the voltage adjustment to said dc pulse moving voltage, insert through the dc pulse moving voltage of voltage controller 8 adjustment back voltage constants and be installed in the switching-over conducting ring 5 on the armature spindle 2 equally, at last through the carbon brush 6 that contact with said switching-over conducting ring 5 with said dc pulse moving voltage rectification and draw a formation required sine wave alternating current (shown in Figure 13).
embodiment 2: combination Fig. 5-shown in Figure 8; This alternating current generator that present embodiment provides is identical with embodiment 1 part; Has engine 1 as power source; The characteristics of its TRT part are that two different multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1, M2 of number of magnetic poles are made an overall structure; The rotor that is about to two said multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1, M2 is fixed on the same rotor field spider 3, rotor field spider 3 is fixed on the armature spindle 2 again, and this armature spindle 2 links to each other with the output shaft of engine 1.And the stator of two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1, M2 is fixed on the same stator cover 4.Said two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1, M2 make the varying number number of magnetic poles; Because the number of magnetic poles of these two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1, M2 is different, therefore be fixed on the same roots rotor axle 2 when rotating the high frequency undamped alternating current that two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1, M2 can send different frequency.Also be equipped with switching-over conducting ring 5 on the armature spindle 2 in the present embodiment, then be fixed with carbon brush holder 7 in the stator cover 4, fixing carbon brush 6 on the said carbon brush holder 7.In conjunction with Fig. 6-shown in Figure 8; Present embodiment 2 all adopts permanent magnetism magnetic pole and electric excitation pole combination (promptly on stator cover 4, magnet steel and electric excitation pole being installed simultaneously) with the different magnetic pole of the stator of said two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1, M2 that are of embodiment 1, the electric excitation pole L1 on said two stators, L2 coil all insert said switching-over conducting ring 5 through a voltage controller 8.The rotor coil of said two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1, the M2 back that is connected in series is connected with rectification circuit input end, and the output of said rectification circuit then inserts the conducting ring 5 that commutates, and 5 of said switching-over conducting rings contact with carbon brush 6 and export required sine wave alternating current.Said voltage controller 8 comprises sample circuit and the electric excitation pole coil driver that the alternating current generator output end voltage is taken a sample; The sample circuit of this voltage controller 8 and electric excitation pole coil driver all insert said switching-over conducting ring 5 in the present embodiment; The alternating current of sample circuit exchange conductive ring 5 outputs is taken a sample, and electric excitation pole coil then adopts the alternating current of switching-over conducting ring 5 outputs to supply power simultaneously.Said voltage controller 8 is controlled two voltage swings on the rotor coil through the size of current on the electric excitation pole coil of adjusting two stators, thereby reaches the stable of output voltage.
are concrete like Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7, in the present embodiment; The rotor magnetic pole Q1 number of one of them multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1 is 30 utmost points, and the rotor magnetic pole Q2 number of another multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M2 is 24 utmost points.The multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1 of 30 utmost points is corresponding to be 8 couples of SN utmost point permanent-magnet stator magnet steel R1 and 2 couples of extremely electric excitation pole L1 of SN, and the multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M2 of 24 utmost points is corresponding to be 6 couples of SN utmost point permanent-magnet stator magnet steel R2 and 2 couples of extremely electric excitation pole L2 of SN.When rotating speed is 3000 rev/mins; What the multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1 of 30 utmost points exported is 500 hertz of constant amplitude high-frequency alternating currents of three-phase (as shown in Figure 9), and what the multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M2 of 24 utmost points exported is 400 hertz of constant amplitude high-frequency alternating currents of three-phase (shown in figure 10).
combination Figure 11-shown in Figure 13; When present embodiment is specifically worked; Because the stator of said two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1, M2 is separately installed with part electricity excitation pole L1, L2; The size that changes electric current on electric excitation pole L1, the L2 coil through voltage controller 8 is the size of voltage on the said rotor coil of may command, thereby reaches the purpose of regulated output voltage.After the constant amplitude high-frequency alternating current overlapped in series of voltage stabilizing, produce a alternating current (shown in Figure 11) by what said two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator M1, M2 sent with envelope waveform; After the rectification of rectification circuit forms the pulsating dc voltage (shown in Figure 12) of a sine wave after by rectification; This pulsating dc voltage inserts switching-over conducting ring 5, at last through the carbon brush 6 that contact with said switching-over conducting ring 5 with said dc pulse moving voltage rectification and draw a formation required sine wave alternating current (shown in Figure 13).
the foregoing description certainly only are the technical conceive and the characteristics of explanation the utility model; Its purpose is to let the people who is familiar with this technology can understand content of the utility model and enforcement according to this, can not limit the protection range of the utility model with this.All modifications of doing according to the spirit of the utility model main technical schemes all should be encompassed within the protection range of the utility model.
Claims (9)
1. an alternating current generator comprises the engine as power source, it is characterized in that also comprising two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator, switching-over conducting ring, carbon brush and rectification circuits with different magnetic poles number; The rotor of said two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generators is installed in same by on engine-driven armature spindle; And after being connected in series, the rotor coil of these two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generators is connected with rectification circuit input end; The output of said rectification circuit then inserts the switching-over conducting ring that is installed in equally on the said armature spindle, and said switching-over conducting ring then contacts the required sine wave alternating current of output with carbon brush.
2. a kind of alternating current generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that said two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generators are the external stator inner rotor core, and their stator is fixed in the same stator cover.
3. a kind of alternating current generator according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the cycle difference of the multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator of said two different magnetic poles numbers when same rotational speed was two weeks.
4. according to claim 1 or 3 described a kind of alternating current generators, it is characterized in that: the high-frequency alternating current that the multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generator of said two different magnetic poles numbers sends the be connected in series zero crossing of the envelope waveform that forms and the reversal point angular alignment of the said relatively carbon brush of said switching-over conducting ring.
5. a kind of alternating current generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise voltage controller, the output of said rectification circuit links to each other with said voltage controller earlier and inserts the switching-over conducting ring again; Thereby said voltage controller is used for the dc pulse moving voltage size after the rectification adjusted and reaches the stable of alternator output voltage.
6. a kind of alternating current generator according to claim 5 is characterized in that: said voltage controller is installed on the armature spindle, and rotates synchronously with the rotor of two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generators.
7. a kind of alternating current generator according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that: the magnetic pole of the stator of said two multipole ultrasonic-frequency rotory generators all adopts permanent magnetism magnetic pole and the combination of electric excitation pole; Electric excitation pole coil on said two stators all connects voltage controller; Said voltage controller comprises sample circuit and the electric excitation pole coil driver that the alternating current generator output end voltage is taken a sample, and said electric excitation pole coil driver perhaps adopts other feeder ear with the alternating current generator output as feeder ear; Said voltage controller is controlled two voltage swings on the rotor coil through the size of current on the electric excitation pole coil of adjusting two stators, thereby reaches the stable of output voltage.
8. a kind of alternating current generator according to claim 7; It is characterized in that: the sample circuit of said voltage controller and electric excitation pole coil driver all insert said switching-over conducting ring; Said sample circuit exchange conductive ring output AC electricity is taken a sample, and electric excitation pole coil then adopts the alternating current of switching-over conducting ring output to supply power simultaneously.
9. a kind of alternating current generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that said rectification circuit is a controlled rectification circuit, controls through said controlled rectification circuit to reach the stable of alternator output voltage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012201251751U CN202503405U (en) | 2012-03-19 | 2012-03-19 | AC generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012201251751U CN202503405U (en) | 2012-03-19 | 2012-03-19 | AC generator |
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| CN202503405U true CN202503405U (en) | 2012-10-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2012201251751U Expired - Fee Related CN202503405U (en) | 2012-03-19 | 2012-03-19 | AC generator |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102624310A (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2012-08-01 | 陈维加 | Alternative-current generator |
| CN103023242A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-04-03 | 上海交通大学 | Stator-free brushless double-rotor inner-ring permanent magnet synchronous motor with rotary controller |
| CN103051124A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-04-17 | 上海伊节动力科技有限公司 | Stator-free dual-electric brush dual-rotor outer circle permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN103078457A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-05-01 | 上海交通大学 | Double-rotor synchronous motor with two electric brushes and permanent magnets on inner circle and without stator |
-
2012
- 2012-03-19 CN CN2012201251751U patent/CN202503405U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102624310A (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2012-08-01 | 陈维加 | Alternative-current generator |
| CN103023242A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-04-03 | 上海交通大学 | Stator-free brushless double-rotor inner-ring permanent magnet synchronous motor with rotary controller |
| CN103051124A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-04-17 | 上海伊节动力科技有限公司 | Stator-free dual-electric brush dual-rotor outer circle permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN103078457A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-05-01 | 上海交通大学 | Double-rotor synchronous motor with two electric brushes and permanent magnets on inner circle and without stator |
| CN103023242B (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-12-24 | 上海交通大学 | Stator-free brushless double-rotor inner-ring permanent magnet synchronous motor with rotary controller |
| CN103078457B (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2015-04-22 | 上海交通大学 | Double-rotor synchronous motor with two electric brushes and permanent magnets on inner circle and without stator |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20121024 Termination date: 20160319 |