CN114274801B - Output voltage fluctuation suppression method for three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system - Google Patents

Output voltage fluctuation suppression method for three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system Download PDF

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CN114274801B
CN114274801B CN202011032848.4A CN202011032848A CN114274801B CN 114274801 B CN114274801 B CN 114274801B CN 202011032848 A CN202011032848 A CN 202011032848A CN 114274801 B CN114274801 B CN 114274801B
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CN114274801A (en
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崔淑梅
宋贝贝
高鑫
杜博超
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for suppressing output voltage fluctuation of a three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system based on a short-distance receiving coil. The output voltage fluctuation suppression method based on the short-distance receiving coil is simultaneously applicable to wireless power supply transmitting end devices with different structures such as three-phase zigzag transmitting coils and three-phase I-type power supply guide rails.

Description

Output voltage fluctuation suppression method for three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless power transmission, and particularly relates to a three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system output voltage fluctuation suppression method based on a short-distance receiving coil.
Background
The dynamic wireless power supply technology can realize non-contact power supply of electric automobiles, rail trains, factory carrying equipment and mobile portable equipment. Compared with the traditional wired power supply mode, the technology has the advantages of high safety, water resistance, dust resistance, flexible charging and the like. Under the same transmission distance, the three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system has higher output power compared with a single-phase system, and meanwhile, the fluctuation of the output power can be reduced by utilizing a traveling wave magnetic field, so that the three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system is widely applied to high-power application occasions.
Various research institutions at home and abroad conduct many researches on a Three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system, and documents [ H.Matsumoto, Y.Shibako, Y.Shiihara, R.Nagata and Y.Neba, "Three-Phase Lines to Single-Phase Coil Planar Contactless Power Transformer," in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol.65, no.4, pp.2904-2914,April 2018,doi:10.1109/TIE.2017.2748049 ] propose a Three-phase zigzag wireless power supply system, wherein a transmitting end of the system adopts a Three-phase zigzag transmitting coil, and a receiving end adopts a single-phase round coil. The literature [ S.Cui, B.Song, X.Gao and S.Dong, "A Narrow-Width Three Phase Magnetic Coupling Mechanism with Constant Output Power for Electric Vehicles Dynamic Wireless Charging,"2018IEEE PELS Workshop on Emerging Technologies:Wireless Power Transfer (Wow), montreal, QC,2018, pp.1-6, doi: 10.1109/Wow.2018.845057 ] proposes a three-phase I-type wireless power supply system which employs I-type power supply rails to further increase transmission distance. Patent [ application publication number CN 109660032A ] proposes a three-phase receiving terminal structure, has solved three-phase receiving coil and has led to the inconsistent problem of phase voltage owing to stack. However, the above systems have a common disadvantage: there is an output power fluctuation. Harmonic components in a travelling wave magnetic field generated by the three-phase transmitting coil can generate harmonic induction voltages in the receiving coil, and in the moving process of the receiving end, the phase difference between the harmonic induction voltages and the fundamental induction voltages can change along with the position of the receiving end. Therefore, the harmonic component in the travelling wave magnetic field generates harmonic induction voltage in the receiving coil, so that the amplitude of the output voltage of the receiving end changes along with the position of the receiving end, and the output voltage fluctuates. In a dynamic wireless power supply system, in order to realize constant voltage/constant current charging of a vehicle-mounted battery, the output voltage of a receiving end needs to be ensured to be constant. The larger output voltage fluctuation not only increases the design difficulty of the receiving-end converter, but also reduces the average output power of the system. Therefore, suppressing output power fluctuation is a problem to be solved in the three-phase dynamic wireless power supply technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of large output voltage fluctuation in the current three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system, and provides a method for suppressing the output voltage fluctuation of the three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system based on a short-distance receiving coil. The method of the invention uses the short-distance receiving coil to eliminate the induction voltage generated in the receiving coil by the harmonic wave traveling wave magnetic field generated by the three-phase transmitting coil, thereby effectively inhibiting the fluctuation of the output voltage in the three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system and realizing the constancy of the output voltage. The output voltage fluctuation suppression method based on the short-distance receiving coil is simultaneously applicable to wireless power supply transmitting end devices with different structures such as three-phase zigzag transmitting coils and three-phase I-type power supply guide rails.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme, and provides a three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system output voltage fluctuation suppression method based on a short-distance receiving coil, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: the transmitting end device of the three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system adopts three-phase transmitting coils, and three-phase symmetrical high-frequency alternating current is introduced into each phase of transmission; obtaining the magnetic field distribution generated by the single-phase transmitting coil on the plane of the receiving end by means of magnetic field analytic calculation or finite element simulation;
step 2: carrying out Fourier decomposition on a magnetic field generated by a single-phase transmitting coil to determine a fundamental component and a higher harmonic component in the magnetic field, wherein the magnetic poles generated by the transmitting coil are N poles and S poles distributed in a staggered manner along the running direction, so that the harmonic magnetic field only contains odd-numbered components;
step 3: the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed based on harmonic components in a magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil, and the induction voltage generated by the harmonic magnetic field in the receiving coil can be eliminated by designing the length of the short-distance receiving coil, so that the purpose of inhibiting output voltage fluctuation in the dynamic power supply process is realized.
Further, the design principle of the short-distance receiving coil is specifically as follows:
(1) Since the 3 rd harmonic magnetic fields generated by the three-phase transmitting coils can be mutually offset in space, the 3 rd harmonic magnetic fields have no influence on output voltage fluctuation; when the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil only contains 5 times of harmonic components, the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed to be 4 tau/5, wherein tau is the pole distance of the transmitting end, the induction voltages generated by the 5 times of harmonic magnetic field in the receiving coil cancel each other, the voltage in the receiving coil is only generated by the fundamental wave magnetic field, and in the moving process of the receiving end, the amplitude of the induction voltage generated by the fundamental wave magnetic field is unchanged, so that the output voltage of the system is constant;
(2) When the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil only contains 7 times of harmonic components, the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed to be 6 tau/7; similarly, when the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil only contains i-th harmonic components, i=5, 7,9,11, … …, shortDesigned to be at a distance from the receiving coilAt the moment, the induction voltages generated by the i-th harmonic magnetic field in the receiving coil are mutually counteracted, the induction voltage in the receiving coil is only generated by the fundamental wave magnetic field, and the output voltage of the system is constant in the moving process of the receiving end;
(3) When the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil only contains 5 th harmonic components and 7 th harmonic components, the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed to be 5 tau/6, and at the moment, the short-distance receiving coil can simultaneously inhibit harmonic induction voltages generated by the 5 th harmonic magnetic field and the 7 th harmonic magnetic field in the receiving coil, so that the purpose of inhibiting fluctuation of the output voltage of the system is realized; similarly, when the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil contains only the i-th harmonic component and the i+2-th harmonic component, the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed to beAt the moment, the short-distance receiving coil can simultaneously restrain the induced voltage generated by the i-order harmonic magnetic field and the i+2-order harmonic magnetic field in the receiving coil, so that the purpose of restraining the fluctuation of the output voltage of the system is achieved.
Further, the short-distance receiving coil is a rectangular coil, and the length of the rectangular coil is l coil Rectangular coil width w coil Rectangular coil length l for the purpose of suppressing output voltage fluctuation coil According to higher harmonic components in a magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil; rectangular coil width w coil Only the amplitude of the induced voltage in the receiving coil is affected, and the induced voltage generated by the harmonic magnetic field is suppressed, thereby changing the coil width w coil Only the amplitude of the output voltage of the system is affected, and the fluctuation of the output voltage of the system is not affected; the rectangular coil width w coil Determined according to the transmission power required by the system.
Further, the short-distance receiving coils are all wound by litz wires or multi-strand enameled wires insulated from each other among strands, and the number of turns of the short-distance receiving coils is N S Wherein N is S Is a positive integer, and is determined according to the transmission power required by the system.
Further, the short-distance receiving coil is matched with a flat receiving end magnetic core for use, the flat receiving end magnetic core is made of ferrite material, and is paved right above the short-distance receiving coil and used for binding the direction of magnetic force lines and shielding a leakage magnetic field; the size of the flat receiving end magnetic core is larger than or equal to that of the short-distance receiving coil.
Further, a plurality of short-distance receiving coils are used in series; the sizes of the plurality of short-distance receiving coils connected in series are identical, and two adjacent short-distance receiving coils can be closely attached together or placed at a certain distance.
The three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system output voltage fluctuation suppression method based on the short-distance receiving coil has the following beneficial effects: the method can eliminate the induction voltage generated in the receiving coil by the harmonic traveling wave magnetic field generated by the three-phase transmitting coil by reasonably designing the length of the short-distance receiving coil, thereby effectively inhibiting the fluctuation of the output voltage in the three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system and realizing the constancy of the output voltage. On one hand, the method can reduce the fluctuation range of the input voltage of the DC/DC converter at the receiving end and effectively reduce the design difficulty of the DC/DC converter. On the other hand, the method does not need a complex control strategy, and only needs to reasonably design the length of the receiving coil in the receiving end device, so that constant voltage/constant current charging of the vehicle-mounted battery can be realized, and the reliability of the system is effectively improved. Meanwhile, the method disclosed by the invention has universality and can be simultaneously applied to dynamic wireless power supply systems with different transmitting end structures such as three-phase zigzag transmitting coils, three-phase I-type power supply guide rails and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for suppressing output voltage fluctuation in a three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a short-distance receiving coil according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase meandering transmitting end mated with a short-range receiving coil;
FIG. 4 is a front view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of magnetic fields generated by a single-phase transmitting coil in the plane of the receiving end;
FIG. 6 is a plot of induced voltage phasors generated by a fundamental traveling wave magnetic field and a harmonic traveling wave magnetic field in a single receiving conductor;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a variation of the induced voltage in the full-distance receiving coil with the position of the receiving end;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the suppression of 5 th harmonic induced voltages using a short-range receive coil;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the suppression of the 7 th harmonic induced voltage using a short-range receive coil;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the variation of the effective value of the output voltage with the position of the receiving end after the output voltage fluctuation suppression method according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the short-distance receiving coil and receiving end core according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a plurality of short-range receiver coils in series;
the component names corresponding to the reference numerals in the figures are as follows:
1-short-distance receiving coil;
2—three-phase transmitting coil;
3—a receiving end plane;
4, a whole-distance receiving coil;
5—receiving end plate core;
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-12, the invention provides a method for suppressing output voltage fluctuation of a three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system based on a short-distance receiving coil, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: the transmitting end device of the three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system adopts three-phase transmitting coils, and three-phase symmetrical high-frequency alternating current is introduced into each phase of transmission; obtaining the magnetic field distribution generated by the single-phase transmitting coil on the plane of the receiving end by means of magnetic field analytic calculation or finite element simulation;
step 2: the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil is subjected to Fourier decomposition to determine a fundamental component and a higher harmonic component in the magnetic field, and because the magnetic poles generated by the transmitting coil are N poles and S poles are distributed in a staggered manner along the running direction, the harmonic magnetic field only contains odd-order components, namely a 3 rd harmonic component, a 5 th harmonic component and a 7 th harmonic component …;
step 3: the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed based on harmonic components in a magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil, and the induction voltage generated by the harmonic magnetic field in the receiving coil can be eliminated by designing the length of the short-distance receiving coil, so that the purpose of inhibiting output voltage fluctuation in the dynamic power supply process is realized.
The design principle of the short-distance receiving coil is as follows:
(1) Since the 3 rd harmonic magnetic fields generated by the three-phase transmitting coils can be mutually offset in space, the 3 rd harmonic magnetic fields have no influence on output voltage fluctuation; when the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil only contains 5 times of harmonic components, the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed to be 4 tau/5, wherein tau is the pole distance of the transmitting end, the induction voltages generated by the 5 times of harmonic magnetic field in the receiving coil cancel each other, the voltage in the receiving coil is only generated by the fundamental wave magnetic field, and in the moving process of the receiving end, the amplitude of the induction voltage generated by the fundamental wave magnetic field is unchanged, so that the output voltage of the system is constant;
(2) When the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil only contains 7 times of harmonic components, the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed to be 6 tau/7; similarly, when the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil only contains i-th harmonic components, i=5, 7,9,11 and … …, the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed as followsAt the moment, the induction voltages generated by the i-th harmonic magnetic field in the receiving coil are mutually counteracted, the induction voltage in the receiving coil is only generated by the fundamental wave magnetic field, and the output voltage of the system is constant in the moving process of the receiving end;
(3) When the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil only contains 5 th harmonic components and 7 th harmonic components, the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed to be 5 tau/6, and at the moment, the short-distance receiving coil can simultaneously inhibit harmonic induction voltages generated by the 5 th harmonic magnetic field and the 7 th harmonic magnetic field in the receiving coil, so that the purpose of inhibiting fluctuation of the output voltage of the system is realized; similarly, when the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil contains only the i-th harmonic component and the i+2-th harmonic component, the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed to beAt the moment, the short-distance receiving coil can simultaneously restrain the induced voltage generated by the i-order harmonic magnetic field and the i+2-order harmonic magnetic field in the receiving coil, so that the purpose of restraining the fluctuation of the output voltage of the system is achieved.
The short-distance receiving coil is a rectangular coil, and the length of the rectangular coil is l coil Rectangular coil width w coil Rectangular coil length l for the purpose of suppressing output voltage fluctuation coil According to higher harmonic components in a magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil; rectangular coil width w coil Only the amplitude of the induced voltage in the receiving coil is affected, and the induced voltage generated by the harmonic magnetic field is suppressed, thereby changing the coil width w coil Only the amplitude of the output voltage of the system is affected, and the fluctuation of the output voltage of the system is not affected; the rectangular coil width w coil Determined according to the transmission power required by the system.
The short-distance receiving coils are all wound by litz wires or multi-strand enameled wires insulated from each other among strands, and the number of turns of the short-distance receiving coils is N S Wherein N is S Is a positive integer, and is determined according to the transmission power required by the system.
The short-distance receiving coil is matched with a flat receiving end magnetic core for use, the flat receiving end magnetic core is made of ferrite material, and is paved right above the short-distance receiving coil and used for binding the direction of magnetic force lines and shielding a leakage magnetic field; the size of the flat receiving end magnetic core is larger than or equal to that of the short-distance receiving coil.
The short-distance receiving coil can be used by a plurality of coils connected in series; when the output voltage of a single short-distance receiving coil cannot meet the requirement of a system, a plurality of short-distance receiving coils can be connected in series for use; the sizes of the plurality of short-distance receiving coils connected in series are identical, and two adjacent short-distance receiving coils can be closely attached together or placed at a certain distance. Because the single short-distance receiving coil eliminates harmonic induction voltage generated by harmonic magnetic field components in the coil, when a plurality of short-distance receiving coils are used in series, the total output voltage of the receiving end does not contain harmonic induction voltage components, and the total output voltage of the system can be kept constant in the moving process of the receiving end.
The working principle is as follows:
the method for suppressing the output voltage fluctuation based on the short-distance receiving coil is described below by taking a dynamic wireless power supply system of a three-phase zigzag transmitting end as an example.
The three-phase zigzag transmitting end is schematically shown in fig. 3 and 4, and the three-phase zigzag transmitting end is composed of three-phase transmitting cables. The transmitting cable is buried under the road surface and laid parallel to the y-axis direction. In a single-phase transmission cable, the distance between two adjacent conductors is referred to as the pole pitch τ. To generate the travelling wave magnetic field, the transmitting coils of each phase are placed with 2 tau/3 offset along the x-axis direction.
After the structural parameters of the transmitting end of the three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system are input, the magnetic field distribution generated by the single-phase transmitting coil on the plane of the receiving end is obtained in a finite element simulation mode, and when a constant current is introduced into the A-phase transmitting cable, the magnetic field B generated by the A-phase transmitting cable on the plane of the receiving end is obtained z-A The distribution of (2) is shown in figure 5. As can be seen from the figure, B z-A In addition to the fundamental magnetic field, there are 3, 5 and 7 harmonic magnetic fields. For the i-order harmonic magnetic field, the polar distance tau i Is 1/i of the fundamental pole pitch τ. Thus B z-A The expression on the receiving-end plane satisfies:
B z-AΣ (x,y)＝B z-A1 (x,y)+B z-A3 (x,y)+B z-A5 (x,y)+B z-A7 (x,y) (1)
wherein the fundamental magnetic field component B z-A1 The expression of (2) satisfies:
while the expression of the i-th harmonic component satisfies:
when symmetrical alternating current is applied to the three-phase transmitting coil, a fundamental magnetic field component B is generated on the receiving end plane z-A1 ，B z-B1 And B z-C1 Satisfies the following formula:
wherein t is time, ω is angular velocity, and the resultant magnetic field B of the fundamental magnetic field z-∑1 The method meets the following conditions:
similarly, the resultant magnetic field of the harmonic component can be obtained to satisfy:
as can be seen from the above equation, the resultant magnetic field of the 3 rd harmonic component is 0. This shows that the 3 rd harmonic magnetic fields generated by the transmitting coils of each phase cancel each other out in the plane of the receiving end, and do not contribute to energy transmission.
For single width w in receiving coil coil Is a voltage e induced in the conductor by the fundamental wave resultant magnetic field and the i-order harmonic resultant magnetic field 1 And e i The method meets the following conditions:
where f is the frequency, and thus the total induced voltage e in the conductor c-∑ The method comprises the following steps:
e c-∑ ＝e 1 +e 5 +e 7 (8)
in terms of phase difference, e 1 And e 5 Phase difference psi between 5 The method meets the following conditions:
e 1 and e 7 Phase difference psi between 7 The method meets the following conditions:
from formulas (9) and (10), ψ is known 5 Sum phi 7 Both with respect to the location of the conductors. FIG. 6 shows the induced voltage e in the conductor 1 ，e 5 ，e 7 And e c-∑ The phasor diagram of (c) as a function of conductor position x.
As can be seen, the effective value E of the total induced voltage in the conductor every time the conductor is translated a distance of τ/3 in the x-axis direction ∑ Pulsating once. When x=kτ/3 (k is a natural number), E ∑ Reaching the maximum value:
E Σ-max ＝E 1 +E 5 +E 7 (11)
and when x=kτ/3+τ/6, E ∑ Reaching a minimum value:
E Σ-min ＝E 1 -E 5 -E 7 (12)
therefore, in the process of moving the receiving end, the 5 th and 7 th harmonic magnetic fields generate induced voltages in the receiving coil, so that the amplitude of the output voltage of the receiving end changes along with the position of the receiving end, and the output voltage fluctuates. The voltage induced in a single conductor as a function of receiver position is shown in fig. 7.
For a full-length receiving coil with a length tau, the induced voltage of the coilEqual to the induced voltage +.>And->And, namely:
thus, the fluctuation factor of the induced voltage in the full-distance receiving coil of length τ is exactly the same as the voltage fluctuation in the single conductor. In summary, in order to suppress the output voltage fluctuation of the dynamic wireless power supply system, it is necessary to cancel the harmonic induction voltage generated in the receiving coil by the harmonic magnetic field.
Since the 3 rd harmonic magnetic fields generated by the three-phase transmitting coils cancel each other out in space, the 3 rd harmonic magnetic fields have no effect on the output voltage fluctuation. When the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil only contains 5 harmonic components, the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed to be 4 tau/5, wherein tau is the pole distance of the transmitting end. At this time, the left and right effective sides of the coil are always positioned at the same magnetic field position in the 5 th harmonic magnetic field, as shown in fig. 8. Thus, the induced voltages generated by the 5 th harmonic magnetic field in the two active edges are identical. For the receiving coil, the 5 th harmonic induction voltages in the two effective sides always cancel each other, the induction voltage in the receiving coil is only generated by the fundamental magnetic field, and in the moving process of the receiving end, the amplitude of the induction voltage generated by the fundamental magnetic field is unchanged, so that the output voltage of the system is constant, and the purpose of inhibiting the fluctuation of the output voltage can be achieved. The change curve of the effective value of the system output voltage with the position of the receiving end after using the short-distance receiving coil is shown in fig. 10.
When the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil only contains 7 times of harmonic components, the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed to be 6 tau/7, and the left and right effective edges of the coil are always positioned at the same magnetic field position in the 7 times of harmonic magnetic field, as shown in fig. 9. The induced voltages generated by the 7 th harmonic magnetic field in the two active edges are identical. For the receiving coil, the 7 th harmonic induction voltages in the two effective sides always cancel each other, the voltage in the receiving coil is only generated by the fundamental wave magnetic field, and in the moving process of the receiving end, the amplitude of the induction voltage generated by the fundamental wave magnetic field is unchanged, so that the output voltage of the system is constant, and the purpose of inhibiting the fluctuation of the output voltage can be achieved.
Similarly, when the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil only contains i-th harmonic components, i=5, 7,9,11 and …, the length of the short-distance receiving coil should be designed as followsAt this time, the induced voltages generated by the i-th harmonic magnetic field in the receiving coil cancel each other out, the voltage in the receiving coil is generated only by the fundamental magnetic field, and the output voltage of the system is constant in the moving process of the receiving end.
When the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil only contains 5 th harmonic components and 7 th harmonic components, the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed to be 5 tau/6, and at the moment, the short-distance receiving coil can simultaneously inhibit the induced voltage generated by the 5 th harmonic magnetic field and the 7 th harmonic magnetic field in the receiving coil, so that the purpose of inhibiting the fluctuation of the output voltage of the system is realized; similarly, when the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil contains only the i-th harmonic component and the i+2-th harmonic component, the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed to beAt the moment, the short-distance receiving coil can simultaneously restrain the induction voltage generated by the i-order harmonic magnetic field and the i+2-order harmonic magnetic field in the receiving coil, so that the purpose of restraining the fluctuation of the output voltage of the system is realized.
The short-range receiver coil of the present invention may be used with a receiver end planar core, as shown in fig. 11. The flat receiving end magnetic core is made of ferrite material and is paved right above the short-distance receiving coil and used for binding the magnetic force line direction and shielding the leakage magnetic field; the size of the flat receiving end magnetic core is larger than or equal to that of the short-distance receiving coil.
The short-range receiving coil of the present invention can be used in series with a plurality of coils, as shown in fig. 12. When the output voltage of a single short-distance receiving coil cannot meet the requirement of a system, a plurality of short-distance receiving coils can be connected in series and then used together, wherein the sizes of the plurality of short-distance receiving coils are identical, and two adjacent short-distance receiving coils can be closely attached to each other or placed at a certain distance; because the single short-distance receiving coil eliminates the induction voltage generated by harmonic magnetic field components in the coil, after a plurality of short-distance receiving coils are used in series, the total output voltage of the receiving end does not contain harmonic induction voltage components, and the total output voltage of the system can be kept constant in the moving process of the receiving end.
The invention provides a three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system output voltage fluctuation suppression method based on a short-distance receiving coil, which is described in detail, wherein specific examples are applied to explain the principle and the implementation mode of the invention, and the description of the above examples is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention in view of the above.

Claims (4)

1. The method for suppressing the output voltage fluctuation of the three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system based on the short-distance receiving coil is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: the transmitting end device of the three-phase dynamic wireless power supply system adopts three-phase transmitting coils, and three-phase symmetrical high-frequency alternating current is introduced into each phase of transmission; obtaining the magnetic field distribution generated by the single-phase transmitting coil on the plane of the receiving end by means of magnetic field analytic calculation or finite element simulation;
step 2: carrying out Fourier decomposition on a magnetic field generated by a single-phase transmitting coil to determine a fundamental component and a higher harmonic component in the magnetic field, wherein the magnetic poles generated by the transmitting coil are N poles and S poles distributed in a staggered manner along the running direction, so that the harmonic magnetic field only contains odd-numbered components;
step 3: the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed based on harmonic components in a magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil, and the induction voltage generated by the harmonic magnetic field in the receiving coil can be eliminated by designing the length of the short-distance receiving coil, so that the purpose of inhibiting output voltage fluctuation in the dynamic power supply process is realized;
the design principle of the short-distance receiving coil is as follows:
(1) Since the 3 rd harmonic magnetic fields generated by the three-phase transmitting coils can be mutually offset in space, the 3 rd harmonic magnetic fields have no influence on output voltage fluctuation; when the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil only contains 5 times of harmonic components, the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed to be 4 tau/5, wherein tau is the pole distance of the transmitting end, the induction voltages generated by the 5 times of harmonic magnetic field in the receiving coil cancel each other, the voltage in the receiving coil is only generated by the fundamental wave magnetic field, and in the moving process of the receiving end, the amplitude of the induction voltage generated by the fundamental wave magnetic field is unchanged, so that the output voltage of the system is constant;
(2) When the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil only contains 7 times of harmonic components, the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed to be 6 tau/7; similarly, when the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil only contains i-th harmonic components, i=5, 7,9,11 and … …, the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed as followsThe i-th harmonic magnetic field being generated in the receiving coilThe induction voltages of the receiving coil are only generated by the fundamental wave magnetic field, and the output voltage of the system is constant in the moving process of the receiving end;
(3) When the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil only contains 5 th harmonic components and 7 th harmonic components, the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed to be 5 tau/6, and at the moment, the short-distance receiving coil can simultaneously inhibit harmonic induction voltages generated by the 5 th harmonic magnetic field and the 7 th harmonic magnetic field in the receiving coil, so that the purpose of inhibiting fluctuation of the output voltage of the system is realized; similarly, when the magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil contains only the i-th harmonic component and the i+2-th harmonic component, the length of the short-distance receiving coil is designed to beAt the moment, the short-distance receiving coil can simultaneously inhibit the induced voltage generated by the i-order harmonic magnetic field and the i+2-order harmonic magnetic field in the receiving coil, so that the purpose of inhibiting the fluctuation of the output voltage of the system is realized;
the short-distance receiving coil is a rectangular coil, and the length of the rectangular coil is l coil Rectangular coil width w coil Rectangular coil length l for the purpose of suppressing output voltage fluctuation coil According to higher harmonic components in a magnetic field generated by the single-phase transmitting coil; rectangular coil width w coil Only the amplitude of the induced voltage in the receiving coil is affected, and the induced voltage generated by the harmonic magnetic field is suppressed, thereby changing the coil width w coil Only the amplitude of the output voltage of the system is affected, and the fluctuation of the output voltage of the system is not affected; the rectangular coil width w coil Determined according to the transmission power required by the system.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the short-distance receiving coils are all wound by litz wires or multi-strand enameled wires insulated from each other among strands, and the number of turns of the short-distance receiving coils is N S Wherein N is S Is a positive integer, and is determined according to the transmission power required by the system.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the short-distance receiving coil is matched with a flat receiving end magnetic core for use, the flat receiving end magnetic core is made of ferrite material, and is paved right above the short-distance receiving coil and used for binding the direction of magnetic force lines and shielding a leakage magnetic field; the size of the flat receiving end magnetic core is larger than or equal to that of the short-distance receiving coil.
4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that: a plurality of short-distance receiving coils are connected in series for use; the sizes of the plurality of short-distance receiving coils connected in series are identical, and two adjacent short-distance receiving coils can be closely attached together or placed at a certain distance.
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