CN116190266A - 灯头中的多分区灯控制和单独灯控制 - Google Patents
灯头中的多分区灯控制和单独灯控制 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
描述了一种用于处理半导体基板的方法和设备。公开了一种基板处理设备,包括:处理腔室;基板支撑件,所述基板支撑件设置在所述处理腔室内;多个灯,所述多个灯布置在灯头中并靠近所述基板支撑件而定位;气源,所述气源用于在跨越所述基板支撑件的侧向流动路径中提供净化气体;以及控制器,所述控制器基于所述流动路径的方向而差分地调整提供到所述多个灯中的单独灯的功率。
Description
本申请是申请日为2019年8月2日、申请号为201910711874.0、发明名称为“灯头中的多分区灯控制和单独灯控制”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本文公开用于半导体处理的方法和设备。更具体地,本文公开的实施方式涉及用于控制外延工艺中的颗粒污染的方法和设备。
背景技术
外延是广泛地用于半导体处理以在半导体基板上形成非常薄的材料层的工艺。这些层通常限定半导体器件的最小特征中的一些,并且如果期望结晶材料的电特性,那么它们可以具有高质量的晶体结构。为了形成这些层,将沉积前驱物提供到处理腔室,所述处理腔室具有基座,基板设置在所述基座上,并且基板被加热到有利于具有期望性质的材料层的生长的温度。由于在基板上形成的半导体器件的小特征尺寸,基板上的颗粒量必须保持最小。
然而,颗粒可能在待处理的基板被传送到处理腔室中期间粘附到待处理的基板上。例如,在处理气体被提供在基板的一侧处以流过基板表面的处理中,在待处理的基板的传送期间流入腔室的气体可能产生落在待处理的基板上的颗粒。颗粒可以从腔室壁脱落,然后被夹带到气流中。另外,基座的温度可能是不均匀的,使得基板在与基座的初始接触时翘曲。在基板上的用于颗粒的保留区域可以更大或更小,这取决于基板的翘曲轮廓相对于气流方向的取向。如果基板采用在气体流动路径内呈现大横截面的翘曲形状,那么在基板上的颗粒沉积大于当基板采用在气体流动路径内呈现小横截面的形状时的颗粒沉积。
需要防止或最小化待处理的基板的颗粒污染的方法和设备。
发明内容
描述了一种用于处理半导体基板的方法和设备。在一个实施方式中,公开了一种基板处理设备,包括:处理腔室;基板支撑件,所述基板支撑件设置在所述处理腔室内;多个灯,所述多个灯布置在灯头中并靠近所述基板支撑件而定位;气源,所述气源用于在跨越所述基板支撑件的侧向流动路径中提供净化气体;以及控制器,所述控制器基于所述流动路径的方向而差分地调整提供到所述多个灯中的单独灯的功率。
在另一个实施方式中,公开了一种基板处理设备,包括:处理腔室;基板支撑件,所述基板支撑件设置在所述处理腔室内;灯阵列,所述灯阵列布置在灯头中并靠近所述基板支撑件而定位,所述灯阵列至少包括内部分区、中心分区和外部分区,所述外部分区对应于所述基板支撑件的周边;气源,所述气源用于在跨越所述基板支撑件的侧向流动路径中提供净化气体;以及控制器,所述控制器基于所述流动路径的方向而调整提供到所述外部分区中的灯的功率。
在另一个实施方式中,公开了一种用于处理基板的方法,包括:使用灯阵列加热处理腔室中的基座,所述灯阵列包括定位在所述基座下方的多个灯,所述多个灯包括内部分区和外部分区,所述外部分区对应于所述基座的周边;使净化气体在跨越所述基座的侧向流动路径中流动,其中所述加热包括将功率提供到所述灯阵列的所述外部分区中的所述多个灯中的一个或多个灯,而不将功率提供到所述外部分区中的其它灯,所述一个或多个灯基于所述流动路径而定位在所述基座的前缘或后缘处;以及在所述加热步骤之后将基板传送到所述基座。
附图说明
因此,为了能够详细地理解本公开内容的上述特征的方式,可以通过参考实施方式获得上面简要概述的本公开内容的更具体的描述,其中一些实施方式在附图中示出。然而,应当注意,附图仅示出了本公开的典型实施方式,并且因此不应认为是对本公开内容的范围的限制,因为本公开内容可以允许其它同等有效的实施方式。
图1是根据一个实施方式的处理腔室的示意性剖视图。
图2A和2B是基座和待处理的基板的爆炸等距视图,其示出了待处理的基板的翘曲。
图2C和2D分别是旋转90度的图2A和2B的基座和待处理的基板的侧视图,。
图3A是基座和灯头的等距视图,其示出了基座的差分加热的一个实施方式。
图3B是基座和灯头的等距视图,其示出了基座的差分加热的另一个实施方式。
为了便于理解,在可能情况下,使用相同的附图标记来表示各图共有的相同元件。设想的是,一个实施方式的要素和特征可以有利地并入其它实施方式,而无需进一步叙述。
具体实施方式
提供了一种用于防止或最小化待处理的基板的颗粒污染的方法和设备。在一个实施方式中,公开了一种处理腔室,包括:基座,所述基座邻近灯头设置。灯头包括多个能量源,诸如灯,所述能量源将电磁能引向基座的表面,从而加热基座。灯头包括多个同心分区,并且这些分区中的一个或多个包括可被单独控制的灯。一个或多个灯的单独控制提供了对基座的增强的温度控制。
图1是根据一个实施方式的处理腔室100的示意性剖视图。处理腔室100可以用于处理一个或多个基板,包括在基板108的上表面上沉积材料的工艺。处理腔室100一般包括能量模块102,用于加热设置在处理腔室100内的基板支撑件或基座107的背面104以及其它部件的。基座107可以是如图所示的圆形盘状(例如,盘形)基板支撑件。基座107在处理腔室100内,位于腔室100的上部壳体128和下部壳体114之间。基板108(未按比例)可以通过装载端口103而被带入处理腔室100并放置在基座107上。
连接到中心轴132的基座107被示出为在升高的处理位置,但是通过耦接到中心轴132的致动器(未示出)而被重新定位到处理位置下方的装载位置。待处理的基板,诸如基板108,通过装载端口103传送到处理腔室100中并放置在升降杆105上。升降杆105耦接到围绕中心轴132设置的轴并在基座107处于装载位置时穿过基座107中的通孔。然后,基座107可以在轴向方向134上被向上致动到处理位置,以在基座107的前侧110上接触基板108,其中基板108的装置侧116面向上。
基座107在位于处理位置时将处理腔室100的内部容积分成处理气体区域156(在基板上方)和净化气体区域158(在基座107下方)。基座107在处理期间通过与其连接的中心轴132旋转,以最小化处理腔室100内的反应前驱物耗尽以及热和处理气体流动空间异常的影响,从而促进基板108的均匀处理。基座107由中心轴132支撑,中心轴132在装载和卸载期间以及在一些情况下在基板108的处理期间也在轴向方向134上移动基板108。基座107典型地由具有低热质量或低热容量的材料形成,使得基座将被快速地加热和冷却。这里的基座107由碳化硅或涂有碳化硅的石墨形成,以吸收来自能量模块102的辐射能并加热基板108。
气体可以从气源123提供到气体入口121。气源123可以提供流到基板108的装置侧116上的净化气体以及前驱物气体。气体一般沿着跨越基板108的装置侧116的流动路径125而被提供到腔室的出口端口127。气体经由泵129通过出口端口127排出。
然而,沿着流动路径125流动的气体可以包含夹带在其中的颗粒。例如,在待处理的基板的传送期间流入腔室的净化气体可能运输有落在待处理的基板上的颗粒。颗粒可能从腔室壁脱落,并且脱落的颗粒被夹带到流动路径125中。此外,基座的温度可以使得基板108在与基座的初始接触时翘曲。取决于翘曲相对于流动路径125的方向的取向,颗粒的保留区域可能更大或更小。如果基板108采用在流动路径125内呈现大横截面的形状,那么颗粒沉积大于在基板108采用在流动路径125内呈现小横截面的形状时的颗粒沉积。
一般,上部壳体128和下部壳体114典型地由基本上光学透明的材料(诸如石英)形成。这些材料允许来自能量模块102的电磁能量从中通过而到达处理气体区域156。
能量模块102包括一个或多个灯141,或设置在外壳145中的其它电磁辐射源,诸如激光器、LED和VCSEL。能量模块102邻近下部壳体114并位于下部壳体114下方设置,以在处理气体从基板105上方通过时加热基板108,从而促进导致材料沉积到基板108的装置侧116上的反应。在图1中,一个或多个灯109设置在上部壳体128上方以将电磁能量提供到基板108的装置侧116,但是上部灯是可选的。中心轴132穿过能量模块102并延伸到处理腔室100的外部。
图1的能量模块102将基板108加热到约200摄氏度至约1200摄氏度的范围内的温度,诸如约300摄氏度至约950摄氏度。能量模块102可以包括围绕灯141的可选的反射器143。能量模块102包括外壳145,外壳145容纳灯141,并且可以在处理期间或之后通过例如引入位于灯141之间的通道中的冷却流体而被冷却。在一些情况下,外壳145可以与下部壳体114接触。控制器160控制供应到能量模块102的每个灯141的功率。
圆形遮蔽件167可以可选地设置在基座107周围并耦接到腔室主体101的侧壁。遮蔽件167防止或最小化热和/或光从能量模块102泄漏到基板108的装置侧116。另外,遮蔽件167吸收来自能量模块102的电磁能量,该电磁能量加热遮蔽件167并预热从遮蔽件167上方通过的处理气体。遮蔽件167可以由CVD SiC涂覆的烧结石墨、SiC或类似的不透明材料制成,这种材料耐受处理气体和清洁气体的化学分解。
反射器122可以可选地放置在上部壳体128的外部,以将从基板108辐射的红外光反射回基板108。基于反射的红外光,通过反射本来将不用于加热基板108的电磁能量将提高基板108的加热效率。可作为高温计的多个热辐射传感器140设置在处理腔室100中,以用于监测基板108的温度。传感器140通常设置在处理腔室100中的不同位置处。一些传感器可以设置在外壳145中,以监测基座107的热状态,而其它传感器可以设置在反射器122中,以直接地监测基板108的热状态。设置在外壳145中的传感器通常位于灯之间,并且可受益于施加到外壳145的冷却。热传感器将数据发送到控制器160,控制器160又可以基于数据而调制灯的功率以控制处理。
能量模块102用于在将基板放置在基座107上之前加热基座107。例如,能量模块102在待处理的基板被定位在基座107上之前向基座107的背面104提供热能。本发明人已经发现,在将待处理的基板传送到基板107之前利用能量模块102加热基座107导致基板在与基座107接触时翘曲。
翘曲主要是由于不均匀的加热以及因此导致的在基板上的不均匀的热膨胀引起的。来自灯功率管理的差分或优先局部加热可以调整基板内的热膨胀并使基板呈现某些翘曲形状,使得基板更容易受到颗粒添加和其它问题的影响。
如上面所讨论,翘曲导致基板的颗粒污染,这取决于翘曲相对于流动路径125的取向。例如,颗粒的保留区域可以更大或更小,这取决于翘曲相对于流动路径125的方向的取向。如果基板108采用在流动路径125内呈现大横截面的形状,那么颗粒沉积大于在基板108采用在流动路径125内呈现小横截面的形状时的颗粒沉积。基座107的差分加热可以抵消基座107中的引起不希望的翘曲的热梯度,从而最小化或控制待处理的基板的变形。
能量模块102的灯141可以分成径向分区,诸如外部分区170、中心分区172和内部分区174。尽管可以分成三个分区170、172和174,但是能量模块102也可以仅包括两个分区,诸如内部分区174和外部分区170。在外部分区170、中心分区172和/或内部分区174中的每个内的一个或多个单独灯141是被单独控制的。
在一个实施方式中,第一电源162控制向内部分区174和中心分区172中的每个的功率施加。例如,内部分区174和中心分区172的所有灯141由第一电源162控制,而第二电源164用于独立地控制外部分区170的灯141中的每个。这里,第二电源164包括多个晶闸管(thyristor)176,诸如可控硅整流器(silicon controlled rectifier,SCR)。每个晶闸管176专用于灯141,以独立地控制提供到外部分区170的每个灯141的功率,以便控制基座107的周边178的加热。同样,第三电源166可以用于控制向灯109的功率施加。
图2A-2D是基座107和待处理的基板的爆炸图,其示出了待处理的基板的各种翘曲轮廓。图2A和2B是基座107和待处理的基板的爆炸等距视图,图2C和2D分别是旋转90度的图2A和2B的基座107和待处理的基板的侧视图。待处理的基板在图2A和2C中被示出为翘曲的基板200A,并且在图2B和2D中被示出为翘曲的基板200B。气流方向205在图2A和2B中用箭头指示,并且与图1中示出和描述的流动路径125相同。图2C和2D中未示出气流方向,因为气流方向因视图旋转而指向于纸面中。气流可以是在基板传送处理期间流动的净化气体。图2A和2B中的待处理的基板的翘曲是由基座107的温度分布的变化量导致。另外,传送处理的变化(包括待处理的基板的切换和基座107的倾斜),以及灯141的位置和/或灯141的质量能够导致待处理的基板翘曲成任意形状或取向。如下面更详细地解释的,这种翘曲呈现相对于气流方向205的轮廓,该轮廓可提供夹带在气流中的颗粒可以粘附到待处理的基板的更大的表面区域。翘曲的形状和/或取向可以导致更大或更小的表面区域,以让颗粒粘附到待处理的基板,这取决于待处理的基板相对于气流方向205的取向。
在图2A和2B中,待处理的基板(例如翘曲的基板200A或翘曲的基板200B)翘曲,使得形成曲率中点(其指示为虚线207)。在图2A中,基板200A在处理腔室100中取向,使得曲率中点207取向在基本上垂直于气流方向205的方向上。在图2B中,曲率中点207取向在基本上平行于气流方向205的方向上。
虽然不期望翘曲,但是翘曲的基板200B的取向呈现相对于气流方向205的轮廓,该轮廓不太可能被夹带在气流中的颗粒污染。例如,在翘曲的基板200A的情况下,面向气流方向205的轮廓210因相对于气体的取向的翘曲而大于翘曲的基板200B的面向气流方向205的轮廓215。这样,提供如本文所公开的那样的基座107的差分加热,以最小化翘曲,使得待处理的基板不翘曲(或大大地减少翘曲)。或者,提供如本文所公开的那样的基座107的差分加热,以控制翘曲来呈现轮廓215(与翘曲基板200A的轮廓210相反)。
图3A是基座107的等距视图,基座107具有定位在基座107下方的能量模块102。示出了前缘(leading edge)灯300和后缘(triailing edge)灯305(相对于气流方向205)以及在外部分区170中的其它灯310。为了清楚起见,未示出内部分区174和中心分区172。在该实施方式中,前缘灯300和后缘灯305由第二电源164供电,而其它灯310以较低能量水平供电。替代地或另外地,内部分区174和中心分区172的灯310得到均匀地供电(例如,以相同的功率水平)。因此,基座107被非均匀地加热,这将基座107的周边178的相对于气流方向205的前缘315以及后缘320加热到大于基座107的周边178的其它部分的温度。这种差分加热减少、最小化或控制定位在基座107上的待处理的基板的翘曲。
图3B是基座107的等距视图,基座107具有定位在基座107下方的能量模块102。示出了一个或多个前缘灯300(相对于气流方向205)以及在灯头145的外部分区170中的其它灯310。为了清楚起见,未示出内部分区174和中心分区172。在该实施方式中,一个或多个前缘灯300由第二电源164供电,而其它灯310在较低能量水平下不被供电。替代地或另外地,内部分区174和中心分区172的灯310得到均匀地供电(例如,以相同的功率水平)。因此,基座107被非均匀地加热,这将基座107的周边178的前缘315加热到大于周边178的其它部分的温度。这种差分加热减少、最小化或控制定位在基座107上的待处理的基板的翘曲。
上述实施方式涉及控制在加热待处理的基板中的各向异性,以最小化、防止或控制待处理的基板的翘曲。在一些实施方式中,由本文公开的方法和设备提供的受控翘曲在待处理的基板中提供一致形状、轮廓和/或翘曲取向,此举最小化颗粒粘附到待处理的基板。基座107的差分加热的上述实施方式可以仅在待处理的基板接触基座107之前至多约10秒至约40秒提供,之后待处理的基板变平和/或均匀地接触基座107。
虽然前述内容针对本发明的实施方式,但是在不脱离本发明的基本范围的情况下可以设想本发明的其它和进一步实施方式,并且本发明的范围由所附权利要求书确定。
Claims (16)
1.一种基板处理设备,包括:
处理腔室;
基板支撑件,所述基板支撑件设置在所述处理腔室内;
多个灯,所述多个灯布置在灯头中并定位于所述基板支撑件下方,所述灯定位于同心分区中;
气流入口和气流出口,所述气流入口和所述气流出口被布置为跨越所述基板支撑件侧向地流动处理气体;以及
控制器,所述控制器差分地调整提供到所述多个灯中的单独灯的功率,以抵消所述基板支撑件中的引起不希望的基板翘曲的热梯度。
2.如权利要求1所述的基板处理设备,其中所述同心分区各自包括两个或更多个灯。
3.如权利要求2所述的基板处理设备,其中所述同心分区包括内部分区、中心分区和外部分区,所述外部分区对应于所述基板支撑件的周边。
4.如权利要求2所述的基板处理设备,进一步包括定位于所述基板支撑件上方的多个上部灯。
5.如权利要求4所述的基板处理设备,其中所述上部灯水平地定位。
6.如权利要求4所述的基板处理设备,其中所述上部灯平行于所述基板支撑件定位。
7.如权利要求6所述的基板处理设备,其中所述灯头中的所述多个灯沿与所述上部灯不同的方向被取向。
8.一种基板处理设备,包括:
处理腔室;
基板支撑件,所述基板支撑件设置在所述处理腔室内并被构造为在处理期间支撑基板;
多个灯,所述多个灯布置在灯头中并定位于基板支撑件下方,所述多个灯定位于多个分区中;
气流入口和气流出口,所述气流入口和所述气流出口被布置为跨越所述基板支撑件侧向地流动处理气体;以及
控制器,所述控制器差分地调整提供到所述多个灯中的单独灯的功率,以在基板处理期间在所述基板中引起弯曲。
9.如权利要求8所述的基板处理设备,其中所述气流入口和所述气流出口限定所述基板支撑件的前缘和后缘,并且所述控制器控制提供到所述灯的功率以当所述基板被弯曲时所述基板暴露于处理气体的表面区域。
10.如权利要求9所述的基板处理设备,其中所述基板沿着与所述处理气体的气体流动方向基本上垂直的方向弯曲。
11.如权利要求9所述的基板处理设备,其中所述基板沿着与所述处理气体的气体流动方向基本上平行的方向弯曲。
12.如权利要求8所述的基板处理设置,其中在所述基板中引起弯曲包括不均匀地加热所述基板支撑件。
13.一种处理基板的方法,所述方法包括:
使用包括多个分区的灯阵列加热处理腔室中的基板支撑件,所述加热的步骤包括对所述灯阵列中的选定灯进行差分供电;
在跨越所述基板支撑件的侧向流动路径中流动气体;以及
在所述加热的步骤之后将基板定位到所述基座上,所述定位的步骤包括在所述基板中引起预定取向的弯曲。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述基板沿着与所述气体的气体流动方向基本上垂直的方向弯曲。
15.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中在所述基板中引起弯曲包括不均匀地加热所述基板支撑件。
16.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述基板沿着与所述气体的气体流动方向基本上平行的方向弯曲。
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- 2019-07-09 KR KR1020217005849A patent/KR102711233B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2019-08-01 US US16/529,066 patent/US20200045776A1/en active Pending
- 2019-08-02 CN CN201910711874.0A patent/CN110797283A/zh active Pending
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TW202020240A (zh) | 2020-06-01 |
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KR20210025702A (ko) | 2021-03-09 |
KR102711233B1 (ko) | 2024-09-30 |
WO2020027993A1 (en) | 2020-02-06 |
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