CN116189367B - Building fire alarm system based on Internet of things - Google Patents
Building fire alarm system based on Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- CN116189367B CN116189367B CN202211578157.3A CN202211578157A CN116189367B CN 116189367 B CN116189367 B CN 116189367B CN 202211578157 A CN202211578157 A CN 202211578157A CN 116189367 B CN116189367 B CN 116189367B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/10—Constructive solid geometry [CSG] using solid primitives, e.g. cylinders, cubes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16Y—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]
- G16Y10/00—Economic sectors
- G16Y10/80—Homes; Buildings
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Abstract
The application discloses a building fire alarm system based on the Internet of things, which comprises: the information acquisition module is used for acquiring the characteristic information of the environment in the building; the model building module is connected with the environment acquisition module and used for building a three-dimensional model of the building environment based on the characteristic information of the environment in the building; the cloud processing module is used for analyzing the environmental difference characteristics based on the environmental information model and uploading the environmental difference characteristics to the cloud; and the early warning module is connected with the model construction module and is used for carrying out early warning based on the difference characteristics. According to the application, the equipment is connected through the Internet of things, and fire disaster can be early warned under the condition of no network; a complete three-dimensional model in the building is established by acquiring coordinates, and abnormal conditions in the building can be completely detected; by setting the threshold value when the alarm system alarms, the false alarm condition of the alarm system can be effectively avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of fire monitoring, and particularly relates to a building fire alarm system based on the Internet of things.
Background
With the increasing maturity of the internet of things technology, the system has 3 important characteristics of common object equipment, autonomous terminal interconnection and universal service intellectualization, and the automatic fire alarm system consists of a trigger device, a fire alarm device, a linkage output device and other auxiliary function devices, and can change physical quantities such as smoke, heat, flame and the like generated by combustion into electric signals through a fire detector at the initial stage of a fire, transmit the electric signals to a fire alarm controller, and simultaneously inform the whole floor evacuation in an acoustic or optical mode, and the controller records the position, time and the like of the occurrence of the fire, so that people can timely find the fire, timely take effective measures to extinguish the initial fire, furthest reduce the loss of life and property caused by the fire, and is a powerful tool for people to fight against the fire.
The current building fire alarm system needs network connection, and under the serious condition of fire, real-time alarm cannot be carried out due to poor network signals, meanwhile, the current building fire alarm system can only monitor partial areas, comprehensive detection and early warning of fire conditions in a building cannot be carried out, and meanwhile, the fire alarm system often generates false alarm conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a building fire alarm system based on the Internet of things, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a building fire alarm system based on internet of things, comprising:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring the characteristic information of the environment in the building;
the model building module is connected with the environment acquisition module and used for building a three-dimensional model of the building environment based on the characteristic information of the environment in the building;
the cloud processing module is used for analyzing the environmental difference characteristics based on the environmental information model and uploading the environmental difference characteristics to the cloud;
and the early warning module is connected with the model construction module and is used for carrying out early warning based on the difference characteristics.
Preferably, the environment acquisition module includes:
the scanning unit is used for acquiring the infrared image information in the building and the building environment information and generating the environment characteristic information;
and the transmission unit is used for transmitting the environmental characteristic information to the model construction module.
Preferably, the scanning unit includes:
the infrared acquisition unit is used for acquiring infrared image information in the building at different moments;
the wireless sensor unit is used for acquiring the building environment information;
the building environment information comprises temperature information, smoke information and light intensity information.
Preferably, the model building module includes:
the positioning unit is used for determining the position information of the information acquisition module in the building;
and the model building unit is used for building a three-dimensional model of the building environment.
Preferably, the model building unit includes
The image processing unit is used for acquiring pixel point coordinates in the infrared image information in the building and acquiring building characteristic information based on the pixel point coordinates of different time nodes;
and the model construction unit is used for constructing a three-dimensional model of the building environment based on the building characteristic information and the position information.
Preferably, the cloud processing module includes:
the analysis unit is used for carrying out environmental difference analysis based on the building environment three-dimensional model to obtain environmental difference degree;
a threshold setting unit configured to set a threshold of the environmental variability;
and the cloud storage unit is used for storing and uploading the three-dimensional building environment model and the environment difference to the cloud.
Preferably, the analysis unit includes:
the time analysis unit is used for carrying out environmental difference degree analysis on the building environment three-dimensional model based on different time nodes;
the environment analysis unit is used for carrying out environment difference degree analysis on the building environment three-dimensional model based on the building characteristic information;
the environmental difference degree comprises a temperature environmental difference degree, a smoke concentration environmental difference degree and a light intensity environmental difference degree.
Preferably, the early warning module includes:
the model display unit is used for displaying the three-dimensional model of the building environment;
the difference early warning unit is used for judging whether the environmental difference reaches a threshold value, and if the environmental difference reaches the threshold value, the alarm is given.
The application has the technical effects that:
1. according to the application, the equipment is connected through the Internet of things, and fire disaster can be early warned under the condition of no network;
2. the application establishes a complete three-dimensional model in the building by acquiring the coordinates, and can completely detect abnormal conditions in the building;
3. the application can effectively avoid the false alarm of the alarm system by setting the threshold value when the alarm system alarms.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an early warning system in an embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, a building fire alarm system based on internet of things is provided, including:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring the characteristic information of the environment in the building; the model building module is connected with the environment acquisition module and used for building a three-dimensional model of the building environment based on the characteristic information of the environment in the building; the cloud processing module is used for analyzing the environmental difference characteristics based on the environmental information model and uploading the environmental difference characteristics to the cloud; and the early warning module is connected with the model construction module and is used for carrying out early warning based on the difference characteristics.
In the embodiment, the fire type is determined according to the burning characteristics of the building when the fire occurs; according to the required protection area part; determining the total capacity of the fire alarm controller according to the total number of the fire sensors and the number of other alarm devices (such as handreports); setting an area alarm controller according to the divided alarm areas; determining a control mode according to the fire-fighting equipment; determining the logic relationship between alarm and linkage according to the fire prevention and extinguishment requirements; and finally, determining the adaptability of the fire automatic alarm system and the intelligent building '3 AS' (construction equipment automation system, communication automation system and office automation system).
In this embodiment, the fire detection area is divided into separate rooms and at least one sensor is provided in each room in the detection area. In the open or closed stairway, fire elevator front room, walkway, ramp, pipeline well, roof, interlayer, etc. the detection area is divided separately, and the large-area room with corresponding sensor, wide internal space and light display device at the gate is set to divide one detection area, but its maximum area can not exceed 1000m 2 . In this embodiment, the sensor is set according to the protection area, the protection area and the protection radius of each sensor are determined, and the influence of three main factors including the height of the room, the gradient of the roof and the sensitivity of the sensor are determined, but when the sensor is set on the ceiling with the beam, the influence of the protruding roof of the beam is analyzed.
Further optimizing scheme, the environment acquisition module includes: the scanning unit is used for acquiring the infrared image information in the building and the building environment information and generating the environment characteristic information; and the transmission unit is used for transmitting the environmental characteristic information to the model construction module.
Further, the scanning unit includes: the infrared acquisition unit is used for acquiring infrared image information in the building at different moments; the wireless sensor unit is used for acquiring the building environment information; the building environment information comprises temperature information, smoke information and light intensity information.
In this embodiment, because inflammables in different inflammable and explosive areas are different, main information of fire condition perception in different inflammable and explosive areas is different, and inflammables in the charging pile area are charging piles and electric vehicles, inflammables in the industrial factory buildings are industrial products, inflammables in the logistics warehouse are logistics goods, inflammables in the photovoltaic power station are power transmission wires, and wireless sensing equipment deployed in different inflammable and explosive areas in the building is different in type. The method comprises the steps of disposing a smoke sensor and a camera in a charging pile area of a building, wherein each charging pile area is provided with a plurality of charging piles, and the smoke sensor and the camera sense smoke information and fire image information of the current charging pile area; a temperature sensor, a heat sensor, a camera and a smoke sensor are deployed in each industrial factory building and logistics warehouse of the building, and the wireless sensing equipment is used for sensing temperature heat information, fire image information and smoke information of the current industrial factory building or logistics warehouse; and a smoke sensor and a camera are deployed in a photovoltaic power station of the building and are used for sensing smoke information and fire image information of electric wires in the photovoltaic power station.
In the embodiment, an infrared image of a building is obtained, the same number of pixel points and different numbers of pixel points are obtained according to pixel values of pixel points at the same position of the infrared image, and the image difference degree is obtained according to the same number of pixel points and different numbers of pixel points, wherein the method comprises the steps of carrying out coordinate processing on the infrared image to obtain coordinate values of each pixel point; acquiring a coordinate generation set of pixel points in an infrared image; calculating the difference value between the pixel value of the pixel point positioned in the central coordinate and the pixel value of the pixel point positioned outside the preset range in the set; and obtaining the same number of the pixels and different numbers of the pixels in the set based on the ratio of the difference values corresponding to the pixels in the set, and obtaining the image difference degree according to the same number of the pixels and the different numbers of the pixels.
Collecting environment information and current use time length corresponding to equipment or articles in a building, and an average value of total number of target pixel points in the image set, and adjusting a preset trend threshold in real time according to the environment information, the use time length and the average value of the total number of the target pixel points to obtain an adjusted current trend threshold, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring an environment temperature value corresponding to the environment information according to a temperature acquisition device, and calculating according to the environment temperature value and a preset temperature value to obtain a temperature offset coefficient; acquiring the corresponding preset service life of each power transformation device, and calculating according to the preset service life and the current service time to generate a service life difference value; collecting the total number of target pixel points of all the regional images in the image set, and calculating based on the average value of the total number of the target pixel points and the number of preset pixel points to obtain a number difference value; adjusting a preset trend threshold according to the temperature deviation coefficient, the service life difference value and the quantity difference value to obtain an adjusted current trend threshold;
further optimizing scheme, the model construction module comprises: the positioning unit is used for determining the position information of the information acquisition module in the building; and the model building unit is used for building a three-dimensional model of the building environment.
The three-dimensional color information in the building is converted into a digital signal which can be directly processed by a computer through an infrared scanner, then the three-dimensional space coordinate of each sampling point on the surface of the building is obtained, a digital model file of the three-dimensional space coordinate and color of each sampling point on the surface of the building is generated, the coplanar edge profile of the target building is subjected to edge tracking, if the edge discontinuity point exists in the coplanar edge profile of the target building is detected, the edge point corresponding to the edge discontinuity point is found out in the non-coplanar edge profile of the target building, and the edge point is used for connecting the coplanar edge profile and the unfair surface edge profile of the target building, so that the edge profile of the target building is obtained.
Further, the model building unit includes: the image processing unit is used for acquiring pixel point coordinates in the infrared image information in the building and acquiring building characteristic information based on the pixel point coordinates of different time nodes; and the model construction unit is used for constructing a three-dimensional model of the building environment based on the building characteristic information and the position information.
Further optimizing scheme, cloud processing module includes: the analysis unit is used for carrying out environmental difference analysis based on the building environment three-dimensional model to obtain environmental difference degree; a threshold setting unit configured to set a threshold of the environmental variability; and the cloud storage unit is used for storing and uploading the three-dimensional building environment model and the environment difference to the cloud.
And if the difference ratio is smaller than a preset difference ratio, taking the model feature points positioned in the same coordinate in the coordinate set as the same model feature points, and if the difference ratio is larger than or equal to the preset difference ratio, taking the model feature points positioned in the same coordinate in the coordinate set as different model feature points. The same model feature points are model feature points in the set, which are judged to have the same model feature value, and the different model feature points are model feature points in the set, which are judged to have different model feature values. It can be understood that if the difference ratio is smaller than the preset difference ratio, the similarity of the model feature values of the model feature points located in the same coordinate in the description set meets the preset requirement, and the model feature points can be judged to be the same model feature points; if the difference ratio is greater than or equal to the preset difference ratio, the similarity of the model feature values of the model feature points positioned at the same coordinate in the description set does not meet the preset requirement, and the model feature points can be judged to be different model feature points.
And counting the number of the same model feature points to obtain the same number of the model feature points, counting the number of the different model feature points to obtain different numbers of the model feature points, obtaining the total number of the model feature points according to the sum of the same number of the model feature points and the different numbers of the model feature points, and obtaining the model difference degree based on the ratio of the same number of the model feature points to the total number of the model feature points. Specifically, after all the same model feature points and all the different model feature points are obtained, the same number of model feature points and different numbers of model feature points can be obtained by counting the same model feature points. And after summing the same number of model feature points and different numbers of model feature points, obtaining the model difference degree according to the ratio of the same number of model feature points to the total number of model feature points. The higher the ratio of the model difference degrees is, the more similar the two models are, and the building is not abnormal at the moment is shown; conversely, a lower ratio of model differences indicates that the two models are less similar, indicating that the building is likely to have anomalies.
Further, the analysis unit includes:
the time analysis unit is used for carrying out environmental difference degree analysis on the building environment three-dimensional model based on different time nodes; the environment analysis unit is used for carrying out environment difference degree analysis on the building environment three-dimensional model based on the building characteristic information; the environmental difference degree comprises a temperature environmental difference degree, a smoke concentration environmental difference degree and a light intensity environmental difference degree.
Each fire event has common points such as heat release reaction, rapid release of energy and the like, and the combustion speed depends on the combustibility of the material environment, so that monitoring is required based on different time points and different environment nodes, and abnormal conditions are likely to occur if the model changes greatly at different time points; if more inflammable and explosive substances exist in the environment, whether the environment needs to be monitored in an important mode or not needs to be judged in the infrared scanning process.
Further optimizing scheme, early warning module includes:
the model display unit is used for displaying the three-dimensional model of the building environment; a difference early warning unit for judging whether the environmental difference reaches a threshold value, if so, carrying out early warning,
in this embodiment, the early warning is performed if the trend change difference value corresponding to the model set is greater than the current trend threshold.
The technical effects of this embodiment are: 1. according to the application, the equipment is connected through the Internet of things, and fire disaster can be early warned under the condition of no network;
2. the application establishes a complete three-dimensional model in the building by acquiring the coordinates, and can completely detect abnormal conditions in the building;
3. the application can effectively avoid the false alarm of the alarm system by setting the threshold value when the alarm system alarms.
The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application are intended to be included in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. Building fire alarm system based on thing networking, characterized by, include:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring the characteristic information of the environment in the building;
the model construction module is connected with the information acquisition module and used for constructing a three-dimensional model of the building environment based on the characteristic information of the building internal environment;
the cloud processing module is used for analyzing the environmental difference characteristics based on the three-dimensional model of the building environment and uploading the environmental difference characteristics to the cloud;
the early warning module is connected with the model building module and is used for carrying out fire alarming based on the difference characteristics;
the cloud processing module comprises:
the analysis unit is used for carrying out environmental difference analysis based on the building environment three-dimensional model to obtain environmental difference degree;
a threshold setting unit configured to set a threshold of the environmental variability;
the cloud storage unit is used for storing the three-dimensional model of the building environment and uploading the environment difference to the cloud;
the analysis unit includes:
the time analysis unit is used for carrying out environmental difference degree analysis on the building environment three-dimensional model based on different time nodes;
the environment analysis unit is used for carrying out environment difference degree analysis on the building environment three-dimensional model based on the building characteristic information;
the environmental difference degree comprises a temperature environmental difference degree, a smoke concentration environmental difference degree and a light intensity environmental difference degree;
the early warning module comprises:
the model display unit is used for displaying the three-dimensional model of the building environment;
and the difference early warning unit is used for judging whether the environmental difference degree is greater than or equal to a threshold value, and alarming if the environmental difference degree reaches the threshold value.
2. The internet of things-based building fire alarm system of claim 1, wherein the information acquisition module comprises:
the scanning unit is used for acquiring the infrared image information in the building and the building environment information and generating the environment characteristic information;
and the transmission unit is used for transmitting the environmental characteristic information to the model construction module.
3. The internet of things-based building fire alarm system of claim 2, wherein the scanning unit comprises:
the infrared acquisition unit is used for acquiring infrared image information in the building at different moments;
the wireless sensor unit is used for acquiring the building environment information;
the building environment information comprises temperature information, smoke information and light intensity information.
4. The internet of things-based building fire alarm system of claim 1, wherein the model building module comprises:
the positioning unit is used for determining the position information of the information acquisition module in the building;
and the model building unit is used for building a three-dimensional model of the building environment.
5. The internet of things-based building fire alarm system of claim 4, wherein the model building unit comprises:
the image processing unit is used for acquiring pixel point coordinates in the infrared image information in the building and acquiring building characteristic information based on the pixel point coordinates of different time nodes;
and the model construction unit is used for constructing a three-dimensional model of the building environment based on the building characteristic information and the position information.
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