CN116184182A - GIS isolating switch mechanical state identification method based on curve similarity - Google Patents
GIS isolating switch mechanical state identification method based on curve similarity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a GIS isolating switch mechanical state identification method based on curve similarity, and belongs to the technical field of power systems. According to the invention, a driving motor power curve of each typical state is obtained, firstly, the segmentation of a travel curve is realized based on a meshing point identification method with a multi-window slope, secondly, the curve form is described by adopting the Frechet distance, a GIS isolating switch mechanical state identification flow based on curve form matching is designed, and finally, the practicability of the method is verified by combining test and measured data. The method can realize the quick identification of the mechanical state of the GIS isolating switch, has high accuracy and is easy to popularize and apply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power systems, and particularly relates to a GIS isolating switch mechanical state identification method based on curve similarity.
Background
The isolating switch is an important node in the power system, is the switching equipment most applied in the power transformation link, and the mechanical state of the isolating switch has important influence on the stable operation of the power system. In recent years, the isolating switch frequently has the defects of out-of-place opening and closing, jamming, three-phase different periods and the like, such as out-of-place opening and closing, and the grounding switch is operated under the condition that the isolating switch on the bus side is out-of-place, so that the short circuit grounding fault occurs, and the fault is a serious accident in the power system. Therefore, mechanical state detection for disconnectors is an important concern for electrical systems. The isolating switch is divided into two types, namely an open isolating switch and a gas insulated isolating switch (GIS), and the detecting means for the mechanical state of the open isolating switch are as follows: the direct detection mode of the pressure sensor, the attitude sensor, the micro switch and the like and the state sensing mode of motor current and vibration signal detection. The former direct detection modes are not suitable for GIS isolating switches, because contact fingers of the GIS isolating switches are sealed in a gas cavity, the direct detection modes are difficult to arrange sensors, if the sensors are arranged in advance, the signal wires are difficult to lead out, and the like, the direct detection modes are not acceptable in industry at all, and one mode is to install a travel switch in a mechanism box of the GIS to detect opening and closing travel of the travel switch, but the mode is difficult to detect serious faults such as jamming, connecting rod breakage and the like. Therefore, when the prior art is not enough, the deficiency of the state sensing mode is mainly analyzed:
1. driving motor current sensing:
chinese patent CN113933567a discloses an on-line monitoring system for the on-off state of a GIS isolating switch, comprising: the Hall sensor is used for acquiring the motor current value of the isolating switch to be detected; the motor current value includes: the motor current value of the disconnecting switch to be tested from the split position to the split position and the motor current value of the disconnecting switch to be tested from the split position to the split position; the monitoring device is connected with the Hall sensor through a shielded cable and an aviation connector; the monitoring device receives the current value of the motor and converts the current value into a current time waveform; the data analysis diagnostic instrument is in wireless connection with the monitoring device; the data analysis diagnostic instrument is used for acquiring the current time waveform and the normal current time waveform pre-stored in the monitoring device, and comparing and analyzing the current time waveform and the normal current time waveform to obtain a state judgment result. Therefore, the on-off action in-place condition of the GIS isolating switch is accurately judged, and the safety of electrical equipment is ensured.
The above patent is a way of driving the current state sensing of the motor, although the description shows that the switching state of the GIS isolating switch is monitored, the detection way based on the motor current can theoretically reflect all the mechanical states of the GIS isolating switch, because the change of the mechanical state must be reflected on the rotating shaft of the motor, and the change of the mechanical state must also bring about the change of the motor current, but there is a premise, which is also a unified defect based on the motor current detection method of the above patent: it is necessary that the driving voltage of the driving motor is unchanged, and when the voltage is changed, if the voltage is not measured, all conclusions regarding the change of the mechanical state causing the change of the current are not established. The detection method based on the motor current has no defect that the conclusion that the current reflects the mechanical state is not established if the phase between the voltage and the current changes even under the premise of considering the current.
2. Vibration signal perception:
the Chinese patent CN115201673A provides an on-line monitoring system for abnormal vibration of a GIS equipment isolating switch, and relates to the field of substation equipment monitoring, comprising a vehicle body, a data processing module, a data output module and an image acquisition module, wherein the data processing module, the data output module and the image acquisition module are all arranged on the vehicle body; the image processing module is used for collecting images of the isolating switch and sending the images of the isolating switch to the data processing module, and the data processing module analyzes and judges the position of the isolating switch and the switch action trend of the isolating switch, converts the analysis and judgment result into a switch position and state signal and marks the switch position and the state signal; and the data output module sends the mark to the mobile terminal. The invention has the advantages of ensuring accurate operation basis of the isolating switch, reducing manual workload, improving working efficiency and reducing misoperation and accidents.
The above patent is a detection means of a vibration signal of a disconnecting switch, and in fact, schemes for monitoring the disconnecting switch by the vibration signal are divided into two types (for example, document [1] to document [4 ]):
(1) And detecting vibration signals in the opening and closing process of the isolating switch, and reflecting the mechanical state of the isolating switch through the vibration signals. The bottom logic is that the change of the mechanical state of the isolating switch is necessarily reflected by a vibration signal in the opening and closing process, and the vibration signal contains all information of a mechanical structure because the vibration is generated by machinery.
(2) And the contact state of the contact is analyzed by monitoring vibration signals of the isolating switch in the state of closing and through-current. The theory basis is that the cavity of the isolating switch receives a power frequency doubling electromagnetic force under the through-flow state through deduction, once the contact state of the contact is changed, the proportion of the doubling frequency in the vibration signal is also changed, and the mechanical state of the GIS isolating switch is deduced through analysis of the doubling frequency content in the vibration signal.
[1] Wu Xutao, zhao Jinfei, ma Yunlong, he Ninghui, ma Bo, li Junhao. GIS mechanical defect diagnosis method based on vibration response under multifrequency excitation [ J ]. Power capacitor and reactive compensation, 2022,43 (04): 108-115.DOI:10.14044/j.1674-1757.Pcrpc.2022.04.015.
[2] Chen Fuguo, cai Jie, lizhong flag, high voltage isolating switch fault diagnosis based on long and short term memory network [ J ]. Chinese test, 2022,48 (07): 114-119.
[3] Wang Xupeng method for detecting vibration state of GIS equipment and identifying contact defect of isolating switch is researched by university of Chongqing, 2021.DOI:10.27670/d.cnki.gcqdu.2021.002650.
[4] Zhao Tinggang, liu Hao, su Xuhui, liu Pei, jiang Huan, zhao Lihua. GIS disconnector contact defect test based on vibration signals [ J ]. Hydropower science, 2020,38 (04): 158-161.
However, all detection means based on vibration signals have the following drawbacks and disadvantages:
1) The disadvantage of the denoising method is that the mechanical state sensing of the GIS isolating switch based on the vibration signal at the present stage has a problem that the mechanical state sensing is difficult to avoid, namely denoising, because the field environment is quite complex, the sources of the vibration signal are not just the two points. Also, environmental noise (environmental noise includes vibration of other charged devices, wind blowing, wire waving, etc.) may generate vibration. The existing denoising method mostly adopts an intelligent algorithm with high complexity or a signal processing algorithm, the required calculated amount is too large to be suitable for field application, more importantly, the existing denoising means are aimed at a single scene, such as a specific set of actual measurement signals or experimental environmental noise, and the transformer substation sites and the environmental noise are different, and even in the same transformer substation, the noise is different at different positions, so that the denoising method in the prior art has no industrial popularity.
2) The defect of small sample size is that the obtained sample size is too small in a vibration simulation means or an experimental or actual measurement way, and is insufficient for supporting the training of an intelligent algorithm, or the algorithm model trained in such a way only has diagnostic capability on fault types in the acquired sample range and cannot exceed the quantization interval of the sample fault degree in the quantization capability. Once the sample interval is exceeded, the diagnostic algorithm is prone to false alarms and false alarms.
How to overcome the defects of the prior art is a problem to be solved in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a GIS isolating switch mechanical state identification method based on curve similarity.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a GIS isolating switch mechanical state identification method based on curve similarity comprises the following steps:
step one, obtaining a template of a power curve of a driving motor in the switching process of multiple mechanical states of a GIS isolating switch: detecting output power of a driving motor in a switching process of isolating switches in different mechanical states, and obtaining a power curve in each state as a template; the mechanical state comprises a normal state and a defect state;
step two, identifying meshing points and translation points based on multi-window slope:
collecting a power curve of a driving motor of a GIS isolating switch to be identified, and identifying an engagement point or a separation point and a translation point of the power curve;
step three, calculating the similarity of curves based on the French distance:
dividing a power curve of a driving motor to be identified and a closing curve in the power curve in each state into a starting stage, a translation stage and a meshing stage according to respective translation points and meshing points;
dividing the brake separating curve into a starting stage, a separating stage and a meshing stage according to the respective translation points and separating points;
calculating the French distance between the power curve of the driving motor to be identified and each corresponding stage of the power curve of the driving motor in each state in the step one, and if the French distance between a certain stage of the power curve of the driving motor to be identified and the stage of the power curve of the driving motor in a certain state is the smallest in all the calculated French distances in the stage, judging that the stage is similar to the state, namely judging that the stage is the state;
fourth, mechanical state identification of the GIS isolating switch:
if the power curve of the driving motor to be identified is a closing curve, judging an engagement stage and then judging a translation stage; the state judged according to the meshing stage enters a corresponding category, and the final GIS isolating switch mechanical state is obtained according to the state judged in the translation stage;
if the power curve of the driving motor to be identified is a brake separating curve, judging a separation stage and then judging a translation stage; the state judged according to the separation stage enters a corresponding category, and the final GIS isolating switch mechanical state is obtained according to the state judged in the translation stage.
Further, preferably, in the first detection step, a joint strip is filled between the gear and the conductor to simulate the main shaft jamming defect; adopting a mode of dismantling a static contact to simulate a phase-dislocation defect; simulating a trip defect by disconnecting the self-holding loop power supply; and simulating the deformation defect of the contact finger spring by removing the contact finger spring.
Further, preferably, in the second step, the specific method for identifying the engagement point is as follows:
acquiring multi-window slope characteristics of a standard curve and a curve to be identified;
finding out the point with the slope characteristic most similar to the meshing point slope characteristic in the standard curve from the curve to be identified as a suspected meshing point;
and if the rotation angle of the meshing point is within +/-5% of the standard rotation angle, if the rotation angle is the local minimum value, the point is the finally identified meshing point.
Further, preferably, the multi-window slope characteristic is obtained by:
by extracting a point x of the curve i Points x spaced apart from both sides i±aj The slope of the line segment between the two points is obtained to obtain the multi-window slope characteristic K= [ K ] l1 k r1 k l2 k r2 …k ln k rn ]The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein k is l1 For point x i To point x i-a1 Is a slope of (2); k (k) r1 For point x i To point x i+a1 Is a slope of (2); k (k) l2 For point x i To point x i-a2 Is a slope of (2); k (k) r2 For point x i To point x i+a2 Is a slope of (2); k (k) ln For point x i To point x i-an Is a slope of (2); k (k) rn For point x i To point x i+an Is a slope of (2).
Further, preferably, when a point in the curve to be identified, where the slope characteristic is most similar to the slope characteristic of the engagement point in the standard curve, is found as the suspected engagement point, the criterion of similarity of the slope characteristics is:
(1-σ)*k i_bz ≤k i ≤(1+σ)*k i_bz (1)
wherein k is i_bz The ith element in the multi-window slope characteristic of the meshing point of the standard curve, sigma is the allowable fluctuation range of the slope, and k i Multiple points to be discriminated for curve to be recognizedAn ith element in the window slope feature;
let the number of the multi-window slope characteristics at a certain point satisfying the formula (1) be beta, delta be the preset minimum number satisfying the formula (1), the criterion of the suspected engagement point is:
further, in the third step, preferably, the method for specifically calculating the furcher distance is as follows:
(1) The template curve at a certain stage is expressed as
S＝[S 1 ，S 2 ，…，S m ，…，S M ]
Wherein S is m ＝(x m ，y m ) X, y represents coordinates of discrete sampling points, m=1, 2, …, M represents serial numbers of the sampling points in the sequence S;
(2) The curve to be identified corresponds to a certain stage as
T＝[T 1 ，T 2 ，…，T n ，…，T N ]
Wherein T is n ＝(x n ，y n ) X, y represents the coordinates of discrete sampling points, n=1, 2, …, N represents the sequence number of the sampling points in the sequence T;
(3) Calculating the distance between discrete points on the template sequence S and the test sequence T:
finally, obtaining a distance matrix between the sequences:
wherein d 11 Is d (S) 1 ,T 1 ) Is a value of (2); d, d MN Is d (S) M ,T N ) Is a value of (2);
(4) Searching the shortest distance dmin and the longest distance dmax in the distance matrix, initializing a target friendship distance to df=dmin, and setting a circulation step length to be:
converting the original distance matrix into a 0-1 binary matrix D 0-1：
Wherein:
(5) Searching for 8 connected elements in a binary matrix, classifying and numbering the elements into one class when the elements have 8 connectivity, obtaining a label matrix L, and when L (1, 1) =L (M, N) notequal to 0, meaning that paths connecting an upper left corner and a lower right corner exist in the matrix;
(6) If such a path does not exist in (5), df=df+st is repeated in (4) (5), and if a communication path exists or df=dmax, DF at this time is the final fraiche distance.
In the present invention, the allowable fluctuation range of the slope can be set according to the actual situation, and the present invention is not limited thereto, for example, ±1%.
According to the invention, a driving motor power curve of each typical state is obtained, firstly, the segmentation of a travel curve is realized based on a meshing point identification method with a multi-window slope, secondly, the curve form is described by adopting the Frechet distance, a GIS isolating switch mechanical state identification flow based on curve form matching is designed, and finally, the practicability of the method is verified by combining test and measured data.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a meshing point identification method based on a multi-window slope, which is characterized in that a point with the most similar slope characteristic is found out from a curve to be identified to serve as a suspected meshing point by extracting multi-window slope characteristics of a standard curve meshing point, and then the meshing point is identified by combining physical characteristics.
The invention provides a mechanical state identification method of a same type isolating switch based on stroke curve form identification, which is used for segmenting a curve to be diagnosed according to meshing points and judging whether the curve form is matched with typical state templates in different stages so as to realize the identification of the mechanical state.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of meshing point and translational point;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-window slope;
FIG. 3 is a meshing point identification method;
FIG. 4 is a French distance calculation principle;
FIG. 5 is a typical power curve for an ideal normal condition; wherein, (a) is an ideal closing power curve; (b) is an ideal split gate power curve;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of calculating the Frechet distance of the power curve of the opening and closing motor;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a GIS isolating switch closing curve; wherein, (a) a normal state; (b) a stuck state; (c) a centering misalignment state; (d) abnormal stuck state.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The specific techniques or conditions are not identified in the examples and are performed according to techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product specifications. The materials or equipment used are conventional products available from commercial sources, not identified to the manufacturer.
A GIS isolating switch mechanical state identification method based on curve similarity comprises the following steps:
step one, obtaining a template of a power curve of a driving motor in the switching process of multiple mechanical states of a GIS isolating switch:
detecting output power of a driving motor in a switching process of isolating switches in different mechanical states, and obtaining a power curve in each state; the mechanical state comprises a normal state and various defect states;
wherein,,
jam defect: the adhesive tape is filled between the gear and the conductor, so that the resistance applied to the gear in the rotation process is increased, and the main shaft clamping defect is approximately simulated;
defect of phase separation: adopting a mode of dismantling a static contact to approximate and simulate the phase-dislocation defect;
short travel defect: simulating a trip defect by disconnecting the self-holding loop power supply;
deformation defect of contact finger spring: and simulating the deformation defect of the contact finger spring by removing the contact finger spring.
Step two, identifying meshing points and translation points based on multi-window slope:
the meshing point is a point on the power curve, and the point corresponds to a time point when the moving contact and the fixed contact of the isolating switch touch each other, and the power of the driving motor is changed when the moving contact and the fixed contact touch each other. As shown in fig. 1, the translational point in fig. 1 is the point at which the disconnecting switch starts to move:
by extracting a point x of the curve i Points x spaced apart from both sides i±aj The slope of the line segment between the two points is obtained to obtain the multi-window slope characteristic K= [ K ] l1 k r1 k l2 k r2 …k ln k rn ]Thereby more fully characterizing the slope on both sides of the point as shown in fig. 2. Wherein k is l1 For point x i To point x i-a1 Is a slope of (2); k (k) r1 For point x i To point x i+a1 Is a slope of (2); k (k) ln For point x i To point x i-an Is a slope of (2); k (k) rn For point x i To point x i+an Is a slope of (2). The invention is not limited to the value of n, in fig. 2, n is 3, i.e. j is 1-3; preferably, the difference in x-axis values of all adjacent two points is equal.
Due to the difference of the intrinsic curves, the slope characteristics of the two sides of the meshing point of the travel curves of the isolating switches of the same type and different stages are inevitably different. In the identification process, firstly, extracting multi-window slope characteristics of engagement points according to a standard curve (a switching-on/off power curve of a driving motor in normal and fault-free states, as shown in fig. 5), and then finding out a point with the most similar slope characteristics in the curve to be identified as a suspected engagement point, wherein the criteria of the similarity of the slope characteristics are as follows:
(1-σ)*k i_bz ≤k i ≤(1+σ)*k i_bz (1)
wherein k is i_bz The reference slope is the ith element in the multi-window slope characteristic of the meshing point of the standard curve, sigma is the allowable fluctuation range of the slope, and k i The i element in the multi-window slope characteristic of the point to be distinguished of the curve to be identified. The multi-window slope characteristics of the standard curve and the curve to be identified are obtained in the same way.
Let the number of the multi-window slope characteristics at a certain point satisfying the formula (1) be beta, delta be the preset minimum number satisfying the formula (1), the criterion of the suspected engagement point is:
delta may be set according to practical circumstances, for example, 3.
Finally, considering that under special conditions, the curve may have a pseudo meshing point due to the deviation of abnormal jamming and the like, and therefore, the screening is also required according to the physical characteristics of the meshing point. For a common linear or corner GIS isolating switch, the meshing point should be close to a standard corner (preferably a standard corner + -5%), and be a local minimum value, so that the meshing point is finally identified, and the GIS isolating switch meshing point identification method is shown in a flow chart of fig. 3. The separation point is identified in the same way.
Step three, calculating the similarity of curves based on the French distance:
after the meshing point information of the GIS isolating switch driving motor power curve is identified, the power curve of the GIS isolating switch switching process can be divided into a starting stage, a translation stage and a meshing stage. And respectively analyzing the similarity of curves at each stage, and reading the dynamic process reflected in the switching process of the GIS isolating switch according to the similarity to finish the mechanical state diagnosis of the GIS isolating switch. The curve similarity analysis mode adopted by the invention is a Frechet distance analysis method. The principle of which is shown in figure 4.
The specific method comprises the following steps:
there is a spatial distance between the two curves that can be quantified. Let the discrete sequence p= [ P ] 1 ，p 2 ，…p m ]Discrete sequence q= [ Q ] 1 ，q 2 ，…q n ]The following sequence point pairs exist between the two sequences:
(p a1 ，q b1 )，(p a2 ，q b2 )，…，(p at ，q at )
wherein a is 1 ＝1，b 1 ＝1，a t ＝m，b t For any i=1, 2, …, n, there is a =n i+1 ＝a i Or a i+1 ＝a i +1 and b i+1 ＝b i . The length of the point pairs between P, Q is defined as:
where d is the Euclidean distance.
The fraiche distance between the discrete sequences P, Q is defined as:
DF(P，Q)＝min||D||
in the method for calculating the similarity of the curves based on the French distance, the specific implementation method is as follows:
(1) The template curve is expressed as
S＝[S 1 ，S 2 ，…，S m ，…，S M ]
Wherein S is m ＝(x m ，y m ) X, y represents coordinates of discrete sampling points, m=1, 2, …, M represents serial numbers of the sampling points in the template sequence S;
(2) The curve of the sample to be identified is
T＝[T 1 ，T 2 ，…，T n ，…，T N ]
Wherein T is n ＝(x n ，y n ) X, y represents the coordinates of discrete sampling points, n=1, 2, …, N represents the serial numbers of the sampling points in the test sequence T;
(3) Calculating the distance between discrete points on the template sequence S and the test sequence T
The distance adopts Euclidean distance, and the calculation method comprises the following steps:
finally, obtaining the distance matrix between the sequences
Wherein d 11 Is d (S) 1 ,T 1 ) Is a value of (2); d, d MN Is d (S) M ,T N ) Is a value of (2);
(4) Finding the shortest distance dmin and the longest distance dmax in the distance matrix, initializing the target friendship distance to df=dmin, and setting the circulation step length to be
Converting the original distance matrix into a 0-1 binary matrix D 0-1
Wherein:
(5) At this time, the friendship distance calculation problem is converted into a path problem of whether a path connecting the upper left corner element and the lower right corner element exists in the binary matrix. Searching for 8 connected elements in a binary matrix, classifying and numbering the elements into one class when the elements have 8 connectivity, obtaining a label matrix L, and when L (1, 1) =L (M, N) notequal to 0, meaning that paths connecting an upper left corner and a lower right corner exist in the matrix;
l (1, 1) is the distance between the first points of the two curves, between the 1 st point of the 1 st line and the 1 st point of the 2 nd line; l (M, N) is the distance between the last points of the two curves, the mth point of the first bar and the nth point of the second bar.
(6) If such a path does not exist in (5), df=df+st is repeated in (4) (5), and if a communication path exists or df=dmax, the fraiche distance between the discrete sequences P, Q is DF.
The smaller the Frechet distance, the higher the similarity of the two curves; conversely, the greater the French distance, the lower the degree of similarity of the two curves.
In the switching-on and switching-off process, the GIS isolating switch motor power curves are obviously different, and typical switching-on and switching-off motor power curves in an ideal normal state are as follows:
for curve forms, the French distance of the complete sequence is only one, so that the similarity of the curve forms cannot be accurately described, and the discrete sequences at different stages of the motor power curve are required to be further separated from an ideal normal sequence to calculate the French distance and judge the similarity. The power curve is divided based on the multi-window slope recognition result as follows:
TABLE 1 type of sequence division
| Complete sequence | Sequence 1 | |
Sequence 3 |
| Switching-on sequence | Start-up phase | Translation stage | Engagement stage |
| Switching-off sequence | Start-up phase | Separation stage | Translation stage |
After the complete sequence is divided, the test sequences and the template sequences in different stages are matched, the influence among different stages of the curve is eliminated, and curve information favorable for state identification is reserved to the greatest extent. The matching flow design is shown in fig. 6.
Step four: GIS isolating switch mechanical state identification
Whether the equipment normally operates can be judged according to the power curve of the driving motor in the switching-on and switching-off process of the GIS isolating switch, the defects of jamming, centering and the like can be judged according to the translation and engagement stages of the switching-on curve and the separation and translation stages of the switching-off curve, and the defects of abnormal jamming and the like can be judged according to the translation stages of the switching-on curve and the switching-off curve.
The GIS isolating switch may have defects of jamming, abnormal jamming and misalignment in the closing process, the test curve forms under the three defect states are shown in fig. 7, the normal state curve enters a translation stage after rapidly descending, and an obvious peak exists in the meshing stage; the translation stage and the engagement stage of the clamping state curve are obviously raised; the centering uneven state curve is similar to the clamping state curve, but two wave peaks exist in the meshing stage, and the lifting in the translation stage is slightly lower; the abnormal jamming state curve obviously fluctuates, and a section of obvious lifting exists in the translation stage. According to the curve form, the engagement stages of the jamming state curve and the centering non-uniform state curve are similar, the engagement stages of the abnormal jamming state curve and the normal state curve are similar, and the stage of the curve is used alone to cause smaller French distance difference and generate misjudgment. In the identification process, the meshing stage is identified firstly and is divided into normal, abnormal jamming and uneven centering; and identifying the translation stage, and separating the two types of faults again.
Through a large number of tests and verification of measured data, the method provided by the invention has the advantages of good practicability, high accuracy and easiness in popularization and application.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. The GIS isolating switch mechanical state identification method based on curve similarity is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, obtaining a template of a power curve of a driving motor in the switching process of multiple mechanical states of a GIS isolating switch: detecting output power of a driving motor in a switching process of isolating switches in different mechanical states, and obtaining a power curve in each state as a template; the mechanical state comprises a normal state and a defect state;
step two, identifying meshing points and translation points based on multi-window slope:
collecting a power curve of a driving motor of a GIS isolating switch to be identified, and identifying an engagement point or a separation point and a translation point of the power curve;
step three, calculating the similarity of curves based on the French distance:
dividing a power curve of a driving motor to be identified and a closing curve in the power curve in each state into a starting stage, a translation stage and a meshing stage according to respective translation points and meshing points;
dividing the brake separating curve into a starting stage, a separating stage and a meshing stage according to the respective translation points and separating points;
calculating the French distance between the power curve of the driving motor to be identified and each corresponding stage of the power curve of the driving motor in each state in the step one, and if the French distance between a certain stage of the power curve of the driving motor to be identified and the stage of the power curve of the driving motor in a certain state is the smallest in all the calculated French distances in the stage, judging that the stage is similar to the state, namely judging that the stage is the state;
fourth, mechanical state identification of the GIS isolating switch:
if the power curve of the driving motor to be identified is a closing curve, judging an engagement stage and then judging a translation stage; the state judged according to the meshing stage enters a corresponding category, and the final GIS isolating switch mechanical state is obtained according to the state judged in the translation stage;
if the power curve of the driving motor to be identified is a brake separating curve, judging a separation stage and then judging a translation stage; the state judged according to the separation stage enters a corresponding category, and the final GIS isolating switch mechanical state is obtained according to the state judged in the translation stage.
2. The method for identifying the mechanical state of the GIS isolating switch based on the curve similarity according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first detection process, filling adhesive tapes between the gear and the conductor to simulate the main shaft jamming defect; adopting a mode of dismantling a static contact to simulate a phase-dislocation defect; simulating a trip defect by disconnecting the self-holding loop power supply; and simulating the deformation defect of the contact finger spring by removing the contact finger spring.
3. The method for identifying the mechanical state of the GIS isolating switch based on the curve similarity according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the specific method for identifying the meshing point is as follows:
acquiring multi-window slope characteristics of a standard curve and a curve to be identified;
finding out the point with the slope characteristic most similar to the meshing point slope characteristic in the standard curve from the curve to be identified as a suspected meshing point;
and if the rotation angle of the meshing point is within +/-5% of the standard rotation angle, if the rotation angle is the local minimum value, the point is the finally identified meshing point.
4. The method for identifying the mechanical state of the GIS isolating switch based on the curve similarity according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the acquisition mode of the multi-window slope characteristic is as follows:
by extracting a point x of the curve i Points x spaced apart from both sides i±aj The slope of the line segment between the two points is obtained to obtain the multi-window slope characteristic K= [ K ] l1 k r1 k l2 k r2 …k ln k rn ]The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein k is l1 For point x i To point x i-a1 Is a slope of (2); k (k) r1 For point x i To point x i+a1 Is a slope of (2); k (k) l2 For point x i To point x i-a2 Is a slope of (2); k (k) r2 For point x i To point x i+a2 Is a slope of (2); k (k) ln For point x i To point x i-an Is a slope of (2); k (k) rn For point x i To point x i+an Is a slope of (2).
5. The method for identifying the mechanical state of the GIS isolating switch based on the curve similarity according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when finding out the point with the slope characteristic most similar to the slope characteristic of the meshing point in the standard curve in the curve to be identified as the suspected meshing point, the criterion of similarity of the slope characteristics is as follows:
(1-σ)*k i_bz ≤k i ≤(1+σ)*k i_bz (1)
wherein k is i_bz The ith element in the multi-window slope characteristic of the meshing point of the standard curve, sigma is the allowable fluctuation range of the slope, and k i An ith element in the multi-window slope characteristics of the point to be distinguished of the curve to be identified;
let the number of the multi-window slope characteristics at a certain point satisfying the formula (1) be beta, delta be the preset minimum number satisfying the formula (1), the criterion of the suspected engagement point is:
6. the method for identifying the mechanical state of the GIS isolating switch based on the curve similarity according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the method for specifically calculating the French distance comprises the following steps:
(1) The template curve at a certain stage is expressed as
S＝[S 1 ，S 2 ，…，S m ，…，S M ]
Wherein S is m ＝(x m ，y m ) X, y represents coordinates of discrete sampling points, m=1, 2, …, M represents serial numbers of the sampling points in the sequence S;
(2) The curve to be identified corresponds to a certain stage as
T＝[T 1 ，T 2 ，…，T n ，…，T N ]
Wherein T is n ＝(x n ，y n ) X, y represents the coordinates of discrete sampling points, n=1, 2, …, N represents the sequence number of the sampling points in the sequence T;
(3) Calculating the distance between discrete points on the template sequence S and the test sequence T:
finally, obtaining a distance matrix between the sequences:
wherein d 11 Is d (S) 1 ,T 1 ) Is a value of (2); d, d MN Is d (S) M ,T N ) Is a value of (2);
(4) Searching the shortest distance dmin and the longest distance dmax in the distance matrix, initializing a target friendship distance to df=dmin, and setting a circulation step length to be:
converting the original distance matrix into a 0-1 binary matrix D 0-1 ：
Wherein:
(5) Searching for 8 connected elements in a binary matrix, classifying and numbering the elements into one class when the elements have 8 connectivity, obtaining a label matrix L, and when L (1, 1) =L (M, N) notequal to 0, meaning that paths connecting an upper left corner and a lower right corner exist in the matrix;
(6) If such a path does not exist in (5), df=df+st is repeated in (4) (5), and if a communication path exists or df=dmax, DF at this time is the final fraiche distance.
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