CN116182946A

CN116182946A - Measuring device and measuring method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN116182946A
Application number: CN202310148554.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钟广军; 程方
Original assignee: Jiangnan Shipyard Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jiangnan Shipyard Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-02-22
Filing date: 2023-02-22
Publication date: 2023-05-30

Abstract

The invention provides a measuring device and a measuring method thereof, which can be used for ships and various buildings on the sea or land. The device is characterized by small volume, can be arranged on the bulkheads of various cabins, is used for remotely measuring the wind speed and the temperature in the cabins, and can also check various comprehensive environmental information such as the wind speed, the temperature, the humidity, the ventilation times, the air flow, the air pressure, the air leakage quantity, the air quality, the noise and the like in all cabins of the whole ship; meanwhile, the long-distance monitoring is carried out on all liquid pipelines, gas pipelines, traps and heating facilities in the cabin for 24 hours in the whole day, so that the life and property safety of ships and personnel is ensured; the intelligent and multifunctional characteristics of the intelligent and multifunctional intelligent control system can greatly improve the working efficiency and reduce the workload. The invention makes up the defects of the prior art, and the safety and the scientificity brought by the invention have the significance of epoch-making milestones, effectively overcome various defects in the prior art and have high industrial utilization value.

Description

Measuring device and measuring method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ship guarantee, in particular to a measuring device and a measuring method thereof.

Background

Currently, the method for measuring wind speed at the wind gap is to use a handheld anemometer or a wind speed sensor. For a ship, the number of cabins is numerous, and depending on the scale of the ship, the number of cabins is tens or thousands (for example, hundreds of thousands of tons of business ships). And each cabin is internally provided with a plurality of tuyeres, the number of tuyeres in one cabin of a large ship can be tens or hundreds, and the shapes and the specifications of the tuyeres are different. Because the distance between each wind gap and the exhaust fan is different, the wind speeds are different. Therefore, for most of the tuyeres located at high positions, engineers need to take a hand-held anemometer and a tape to climb up to measure the wind speed and the size of the tuyere, convert the wind speed and the size of the tuyere into sectional areas, and calculate the ventilation quantity. This measurement is extremely time-consuming, laborious and risky.

If wind speed sensors are installed on each wind gap, the workload of engineers is reduced, but a plurality of signal wires are required to be towed in one cabin, and a plurality of signal wires are arranged on a plurality of wind gaps, so that the wind gap is not attractive, and the manufacturing cost of the whole ship is increased. Because it can only measure wind speed, the function is single, and the cost performance of input is not high.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects of time and labor waste, high cost, single function, low cost performance and dangerousness in the prior art, the invention provides a multifunctional measuring device and a measuring method thereof.

The invention provides a measuring device, which comprises a measuring unit and a control unit;

the measuring unit comprises a panel arranged on the bulkhead, wherein the panel is integrated with a touch liquid crystal screen, a spherical integrated body, a sensor module, a timer and a wireless converter; the spherical integrated body can rotate in a universal way, and an infrared thermal imager and a laser instrument are integrated in the spherical integrated body;

the infrared thermal imager can remotely measure various information of a cold source or a heat source, including temperature, liquid flow and a gas flow field; the laser instrument can remotely scan the air outlet conditions of the cabin air outlet and the air return outlet, and comprises the number, shape, size and rotating speed of miniature small fans arranged at the center of the air outlet, wherein the miniature small fans are used for measuring the air speeds of the air outlet and the air return outlet;

the control unit is electrically connected with the measuring units arranged in the cabins, and is also electrically connected with the ship superior monitoring center, and has the functions of remote control, operation display and comprehensive fault alarm.

Preferably, the measuring unit further comprises an ear-hanging type AR single-lens glasses, and the wireless converter sends the measured various environmental information in the cabin to the ear-hanging type AR single-lens glasses;

preferably, a humidity sensor, an indoor air pressure sensor, an outdoor air pressure sensor, an air pressure difference sensor, an air quality sensor and a noise sensor are integrated in the sensor module; the outdoor air pressure sensor is arranged in the open air and is arranged outside the target cabin.

The invention also provides a measuring method of the measuring device, which is characterized in that the measurement of the wind speed comprises three schemes;

scheme one: the infrared thermal imager is used for realizing the function of remotely measuring the wind speed;

according to v=s/t (1)

In the formula (1):

v-the wind speed flowing out of the air outlet or into the air return, m/s;

s-the moving distance m of the cold source or the heat source wind captured by the infrared thermal imager and the laser instrument in time t;

the t-timer counts the short time s when the cold source or the heat source wind leaves or enters the wind gap;

finally, the wind speed of cold source or heat source wind flowing out of the air outlet and entering the air return opening can be measured through the structure (1).

Preferably, the second scheme for measuring the wind speed is to remotely measure the wind speed by using a miniature small fan, and calculate the wind speed of a cold source or a heat source wind flowing out of an air outlet and entering into an air return port by using the corresponding relation between the rotating speed of the miniature small fan and the wind speed;

according to q=q1 (pid ² U/4)(2)

In the formula (2):

q-the air quantity flowing out of the air outlet or flowing into the air return inlet, m ³ /s；

Q1, the flow coefficient of the miniature small fan is checked in a dimensionless performance curve chart attached to the purchased miniature small fan;

d, the circumferential outer diameter of the miniature small fan, m;

u-peripheral speed of micro small fan, m/s;

wherein, U=pi Dn/60, n-laser measures the rotational speed of miniature small fan with the aid of timer, r/min;

thus, wind speed v=q/a

v-wind speed flowing out of the air outlet and flowing into the air return inlet, m/s;

a, measuring the length, width or diameter of the tuyere by a laser instrument to obtain the effective area of the tuyere, m ² 。

Preferably, a third scheme for measuring wind speed is to combine the first scheme with the second scheme to measure wind speed by precision fitting;

the scheme is that the wind speed of a certain wind gap measured by an infrared thermal imager is v _a Scheme II utilizes the miniature small fan 16 to measure that the wind speed of the wind gap is v _b Then, a conventional hand-held anemometer is used to perform a test accuracy fit, which is done to the wind measured at the tuyere

The mouth wind speed is v, and the real wind speed is considered;

v＝b1v _a ² +b2v _a v _b +b3v _b ² +b4v _a +b5v _b +b6 (3)

wherein b 1-b 6-precision correction coefficients;

the matrix form is as follows:

and 6 groups of precision fitting tests are carried out on the wind gap by using a traditional handheld anemometer, the values of the precision correction coefficients b 1-b 6 are calculated, and then the wind speed v is calculated by a formula (3).

Preferably, the air leakage speed, the air leakage cross section area and the air leakage quantity at the gaps including the door gap, the window gap, the cable hole gap and the weld joint hole gap are measured remotely by using the measuring principle of the air speed through an infrared thermal imager and a laser instrument.

Preferably, the method for measuring the number of times of ventilation is as follows:

N＝Q/V (4)

in the formula (4):

n is the number of times of cabin ventilation;

q-air quantity flowing out of air outlet and flowing into air return inlet, m ³ /s；

V-cabin clear volume, m ³ ；

Since v=q/a, the measuring unit can calculate the air volume Q from the measured air velocity v in the second wind velocity measurement scheme, and then calculate the ventilation times N, and check the ventilation times N with the required value.

Preferably, the infrared thermal imager is used for remotely measuring the accurate temperature on a target object, detecting the airflow distribution and circulation condition in a cabin, checking whether a local dead angle exists, detecting whether a heating facility has high temperature exceeding standard, detecting the body temperature of personnel in the cabin, detecting whether a pressure pipeline hidden in a decorative plate has a leakage point, and once abnormality is found, touching a liquid crystal screen to carry out local acoustic and optical alarm, uploading the alarm to a local on-board monitoring center and maintaining in time.

Preferably, the air quality sensor checks whether the air quality in the cabin of the ship meets the requirement; the noise sensor checks whether the noise in the cabin meets the requirement.

Preferably, the indoor air pressure sensor, the outdoor air pressure sensor and the air pressure difference sensor are used for checking whether the air pressure in the cabin meets the requirement.

As described above, the present invention provides a measuring apparatus and a measuring method thereof, which can be used for a ship as well as various buildings on the sea or on the land. The device is characterized by small volume, can be arranged on the bulkheads of various cabins, is used for remotely measuring the wind speed and the temperature in the cabins, and can also check various comprehensive environmental information such as the wind speed, the temperature, the humidity, the ventilation times, the air flow, the air pressure, the air leakage quantity, the air quality, the noise and the like in all cabins of the whole ship; meanwhile, the long-distance monitoring is carried out on all liquid pipelines, gas pipelines, traps and heating facilities in the cabin for 24 hours in the whole day, so that the life and property safety of ships and personnel is ensured; the intelligent and multifunctional characteristics of the intelligent and multifunctional intelligent control system can greatly improve the working efficiency and reduce the workload. The invention makes up the defects of the prior art, and the safety and the scientificity brought by the invention have the significance of epoch-making milestones, effectively overcome various defects in the prior art and have high industrial utilization value.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a front view of a measuring unit according to the invention.

Fig. 2 shows a side view of the measuring unit according to the invention.

Fig. 3 shows an electrical connection diagram of the measuring unit and the control unit according to the invention.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a measuring unit according to the invention in a cabin.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic view of a measuring unit according to the invention in a cabin.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the measuring unit of the present invention positioned in a cabin to measure the presence or absence of leakage of a pressure tube in a trim panel.

Description of element reference numerals

1. Measuring unit 22a power cord

2. Control unit 23a remote control signal line

3. Air outlet 23b operation display and comprehensive fault alarm signal line

4. Control signal line of air return port 24a measuring unit

4a bulkhead return air inlet 24b measuring unit state signal line

4b air pipe return air inlet 25b outdoor air pressure sensor state signal line

5. Pressure pipeline 131 infrared thermal imaging instrument

6. Decorative plate 132 laser instrument

7. Heating equipment 141 humidity sensor

8. Indoor air pressure sensor of cable bundle 142

9. Outdoor air pressure sensor of heating pipeline 143

11. Panel 144 air pressure difference sensor

12. Touch liquid crystal screen 145 air quality sensor

13. Spherical integrated 146 noise sensor

14. Sensor module 100 cabin

16. Miniature small fan 200 cabin

21. Control box

Detailed Description

Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

As described in detail in the embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sectional view of the device structure is not partially enlarged to a general scale for convenience of explanation, and the schematic drawings are only examples, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in actual fabrication.

For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "under", "below", "beneath", "above", "upper" and the like may be used herein to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that these spatially relative terms are intended to encompass other orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. Furthermore, when a layer is referred to as being "between" two layers, it can be the only layer between the two layers or one or more intervening layers may also be present. As used herein, "between … …" is meant to include both endpoints.

In the context of this application, a structure described as a first feature being "on" a second feature may include embodiments where the first and second features are formed in direct contact, as well as embodiments where additional features are formed between the first and second features, such that the first and second features may not be in direct contact.

It should be noted that, the illustrations provided in the present embodiment merely illustrate the basic concept of the present invention by way of illustration, and only the components related to the present invention are shown in the drawings and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of each component in actual implementation may be changed at will, and the layout of the components may be more complex.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a measuring device, which specifically includes a measuring unit 1 and a control unit 2;

the measuring unit 1 is mounted on a bulkhead inside each cabin of the whole ship, such as a working cabin, a living cabin, a cabin and the like, and comprises a panel 11 mounted on the bulkhead, wherein the panel 11 is integrated with a touch liquid crystal screen 12, a spherical integrated body 13, a sensor module 14, a timer and a wireless converter (not shown in the figure).

The spherical integrated body 13 can rotate in a universal way like an eyeball, and the infrared thermal imager 131 and the laser 132 are integrated inside. The spherical integrated body 13 is internally provided with an electric universal rotation mechanism, and the rotation movement of the existing camera can be referred to specifically, and details are not described here.

The infrared thermal imager 131 can remotely measure various information of a cold source or a heat source, including temperature, liquid flow, gas flow field and the like, and the measuring method of the invention also provides the function of remotely measuring wind speed.

The laser instrument 132 may remotely scan the air outlet conditions of the air outlet 3 and the air return opening 4, including the number, shape, size, and rotation speed of the micro fans 16 installed on the air outlet, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, where the micro fans 16 are used to measure the air speeds of the air outlet 3 and the air return opening 4.

The sensor module 14 is integrated with a humidity sensor 141, an indoor air pressure sensor 142, an outdoor air pressure sensor 143, an air pressure difference sensor 144, an air quality sensor 145, and a noise sensor 146. The outdoor air pressure sensor 143 is provided in the open air and is installed outside the target cabin. Of course, all the measuring units 1 of the whole ship only need to share one outdoor air pressure sensor 143.

The measuring unit 1 further comprises a micro small fan 16 installed at the cabin air outlet and the air return inlet, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the micro small fan 16 is used for measuring the wind speed of the air outlet 3 and the air return inlet 4. The miniature small fan 16 is an unpowered impeller which does not need wiring and only needs to be arranged at the centers of the air outlet 3 and the air return 4 for measuring the wind speed of the air outlet 3 and the air return 4. Of course, due to its small volume, it will not interfere with the air out and return air.

The measuring unit 1 further comprises hanging type AR single-lens glasses, and the wireless converter sends various measured environmental information in the cabin to the hanging type AR single-lens glasses.

AR is a new type of real scene enhancement technology that combines the real world with digitized information to render data in a stereoscopic presentation to the user. The engineer wears the hanging type AR single-lens glasses to arrive at each cabin, the hanging type AR single-lens glasses can be positioned through the movement of eyeballs, the wind speed and the temperature of each wind port in the cabin, the temperature, the humidity, the ventilation times, the air pressure, the air quality, the noise, the air flow movement track, the air leakage and other various comprehensive environmental information in the cabin are seen, whether a pipeline in the cabin leaks or not, whether a heating facility has high temperature exceeding standards or not is seen, and the data measured by the measuring unit 1 are perceived in an immersive manner. The engineer can also carry on the hanging type AR single-lens glasses to carry out local control like the touch liquid crystal screen 12 and link with the control unit 2 and the monitoring center on the ship.

Because the AR double-lens glasses or the AR eyeshields can be too immersed by a user, the invention uses the hanging type AR single-lens glasses, which are smaller and more convenient to carry, and can flexibly switch eyes and attentiveness of the user between a real scene and an enhanced scene, thereby being more convenient and safer. Of course, all the measuring units 1 of the whole ship only need to share one pair of hanging type AR single-lens glasses, and a plurality of measuring units can be provided according to the requirements of users. Of course, the hanging-ear type AR single-lens glasses may be replaced by other mobile terminals such as mobile phones, and the environmental information data measured by the measuring unit 1 can be received and seen through the wireless converter.

The control unit 2 is electrically connected to the measuring units 1 installed in the respective cabins, and as shown in fig. 3, includes a control box 21, a power line 22a, a remote control signal line 23a, an operation display and integrated fault alarm signal line 23b, a measuring unit control signal line 24a, a measuring unit status signal line 24b, and an outdoor air pressure sensor status signal line 25b. In fig. 3, a two-dot chain line indicates a power supply line and a control signal line, and a one-dot chain line indicates a status signal line.

The control box 21 is provided with a touch liquid crystal screen, and the operation conditions of all the received measurement units 1 in the cabins of the whole ship and various environmental information in the cabins detected by the measurement units 1 are displayed in real time, so that the intelligent full-automatic control of the whole measurement device is realized.

The control unit 2 is also electrically connected with a ship superior monitoring center and has the functions of remote control, operation display and comprehensive fault alarm. The monitoring personnel of the superior monitoring center can remotely control the operation of the measuring device and control various comprehensive environmental information in all ship cabins of the whole ship only by clicking a screen on a monitoring platform by using a mouse.

The measuring unit is used for measuring various comprehensive environmental information such as wind speed, temperature, humidity, ventilation times, air flow, air pressure, air leakage quantity, air quality, noise and the like in the cabin. The volume is small and exquisite, can be the same as the lighting switch, fixes the human adaptability height at the bulkhead. The touch liquid crystal screen 12 can locally display various comprehensive environmental information such as wind speed, temperature, humidity, ventilation times, air flow, air pressure, air leakage quantity, air quality, noise and the like in the cabin, can give an audible and visual alarm when a dangerous situation exists, can also receive the local control of engineers in the cabin, and can remotely transmit the information in the cabin to the control unit 2 and the monitoring center on the ship and receive the remote control of the information.

The measuring method of various environmental information is described in detail below. Because the spherical integrated body 13, the infrared thermal imager 131 and the laser 132 are used, the invention has the function of remotely measuring the wind speed and the temperature, and can be combined with the sensor module 14, the humidity sensor 141, the indoor air pressure sensor 142, the outdoor air pressure sensor 143, the air pressure difference sensor 144, the air quality sensor 145 and the noise sensor 146, so that the comprehensive environment in the air cabin can be checked. In the invention, the user can make the measuring unit 1 check according to the standard specification requirements in the text, and can check according to the personalized requirements, and the check data can be implanted into the measuring unit 1 in advance.

1. First, the measurement of wind speed is described. The wind gap has various forms and specifications, including a diffusing port, a guiding port, a strip slit, a shutter slit and the like, and the wind speed calculation formula of each type of wind gap is different. For example, there is a (air-diffusing) outlet 3 at the top of a certain cabin 100 of the ship (such as the working cabin and living cabin of fig. 4), and a bulkhead (shutter) return air inlet 4a on the bulkhead; the nacelle 200 (fig. 5) and the like have (induction) outlets 3 and ductwork (louvered) return outlets 4b on top. These are conventional tuyeres, referred to herein as air outlet 3 and return air inlet 4. With the development of the times, the demands and tastes of ship users are higher and higher, but the wind speed calculation formula of the wind gap in the current inherent form has limited the personalized upgrading and reconstruction of the users, and the wind speed measurement methods and calculation formulas corresponding to the wind gap in different forms are often different, so that engineers are required to independently set the calculation formulas of different wind gaps in each type, and the process is tedious and has large workload. How to design a general solution is needed to be solved.

The method for remotely measuring the wind speed combines the ventilation principles of all types and specifications of wind openings, designs a general calculation and measurement method, and comprises three schemes for measuring the wind speed:

scheme one: function of remotely measuring wind speed through infrared thermal imager

Although the current infrared thermal imaging device has no function of measuring wind speed, the current infrared thermal imaging device has the function of capturing and tracking the motion track of cold source or heat source wind and forming images, so that the current infrared thermal imaging device can achieve the function through implantation program calculation. Although the motion trail of the wind leaves the wind source is an outward diffusion attenuation process, the attenuation is negligible at the moment of the wind gap and in a small-range area close to the wind gap.

v＝S/t (1)

In the formula (1):

v-wind speed, m/s, flowing out of the air outlet 3 and flowing into the air return inlet 4;

s-the moving distance m of the cold source or the heat source wind captured by the thermal infrared imager 131 and the laser instrument 132 in the time t;

the t-timer counts the short time s when the cold source or the heat source wind leaves or enters the wind gap.

Therefore, the infrared thermal imager 131 can remotely measure the wind speed of the cold source or the hot source wind flowing out of the air outlet 3 and entering the air return 4 by implanting the formula (1).

Scheme II: remote wind speed measurement using miniature small fan 16

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, since the micro small fan 16 is installed at the center of the air outlet 3 and the air return 4, the measuring unit 1 of the present invention can calculate the wind speed of the cold source or the heat source wind flowing out of the air outlet 3 and entering into the air return 4 by implanting the formula (2) using the corresponding relation between the rotational speed of the micro small fan 16 and the wind speed.

Q＝Q1(πD ² U/4) (2)

Wherein:

q-the air quantity flowing out of the air outlet 3 and flowing into the air return opening 4, m ³ /s；

Q1—the flow coefficient (constant) of the micro-miniature small fan 16, which can be found from the dimensionless performance graph attached to the purchased micro-miniature small fan 16;

d—the circumferential outer diameter, m, of the mini-fan 16;

the peripheral speed of the U-mini small fan 16, m/s;

wherein, u=pi Dn/60, n-laser 132 measures the rotation speed of micro-fan 16 with the aid of a timer, r/min; thus v=q/a

a-effective area of tuyere, m ² . The length, width or diameter of the air outlet 3 and the air return 4 can be measured by the laser 132 and obtained by an implanted area calculation formula. The area calculation formula may refer to the calculation formula of the existing geometric figure, and will not be described herein.

Scheme III: combining the first scheme with the second scheme and measuring the wind speed through precision fitting

Combining the first scheme with the second scheme to perform fitting with higher precision. The wind speed control device can be used for a cabin with extremely high wind speed precision requirements on the air outlet 3 and the air return opening 4, such as an experimental cabin, a medical cabin and the like.

The scheme is that the wind speed of a certain wind gap measured by an infrared thermal imager is v _a Scheme II utilizes the miniature small fan 16 to measure that the wind speed of the wind gap is v _b Then, a conventional hand-held anemometer is used for fitting test accuracy, wherein the wind speed of the wind gap measured by the wind gap is v, and the wind speed is considered to be the real wind speed.

v＝b1v _a ² +b2v _a v _b +b3v _b ² +b4v _a +b5v _b +b6 (3)

Wherein b 1-b 6-precision correction coefficients

The matrix form is as follows:

the tuyere was subjected to 6 sets of precision fitting tests using a conventional hand-held anemometer, resulting in the following table 1:

TABLE 1

Sequence number	Scheme one measured wind speed v _a	Scheme II measured wind speed v _b	Wind speed v measured by hand-held anemometer
				1	V _a1	V _b1	V ₁
2	V _a2	V _b2	V ₂
				3	V _a3	V _b3	V ₃
4	V _a4	V _b4	V ₄
				5	V _a5	V _b5	V ₅
6	V _a6	V _b6	V ₆

The handheld anemometer is used only in the initial precision fitting test to calculate the precision correction coefficient. After the formula is determined, the hand-held anemometer is not used in the actual measurement.

By fitting the data from the above 6 sets of tests with precision, the measuring unit 1 can calculate the values of the precision correction coefficients b1 to b6 by means of the implantation procedure, and then by using the precision correction coefficients, v _a And v _b The wind speed v of the cold source or the heat source wind flowing out of each air outlet 3 and entering each return air inlet 4 is automatically calculated according to the formula (3).

Because of the plurality of tuyeres in each cabin, the number of tuyeres in one cabin of a large ship can be tens or hundreds, and the shapes and specifications of the tuyeres are different. And the distance between each air port and the air intake and exhaust fan is different, and the wind speeds are different.

In the present invention, each tuyere is assigned a fixed number by a program and the position information is measured by the laser 132 and is implanted into the measuring unit 1, so that the wind speed of each tuyere can be measured and calculated fully automatically. Therefore, compared with the traditional handheld anemometer, the invention is more convenient and quicker, and overcomes the inconvenience and the danger of manual climbing and manual measurement; besides, the wind speed sensor has a plurality of other powerful functions besides measuring the wind speed, so that the cost performance is higher than that of the wind speed sensor arranged at each wind gap. Therefore, a user can select one scheme according to the requirement to realize remote measurement of the wind speed and check whether the wind speed is within a specified range.

2. Measurement of temperature, humidity: the infrared thermal imager 131 can remotely measure the accurate temperature of the target object, and can remotely measure the temperature of the air flow field in the required range with the aid of the laser instrument 132, the position is determined by the laser instrument, and the infrared thermal imager 131 measures the position. The standards require that the temperature and humidity in the cabin meet the following standards:

TABLE 2

Season	Temperature (. Degree. C.)	Relative humidity (%)
			(Summer)	27	50
Winter season	20	40

The temperature requirement in table 2 is the temperature of the cabin center position 1.5m higher from the ground, the infrared thermal imager 131 can check the temperature of the point with the aid of the laser instrument 132, and the temperature is not required to be manually measured by an engineer holding a thermometer and measuring the height by a tape measure as in the conventional measuring mode. The relative humidity in table 2 can be measured and checked with humidity sensor 141.

The difference between the temperature of the central air flow at 300mm from the air outlet and the cabin temperature (27 ℃) in Table 2 is not greater than the difference in Table 3. The thermal infrared imager 131 can check the temperature of the center gas stream at this point with the aid of the laser 132.

TABLE 3 Table 3

Type of air supply	Temperature difference markQuasi (DEG C)
		Low speed air supply	10
Medium and high speed air supply	12
		High-speed induction	16

3. Measurement of number of air changes

N＝Q/V (4)

In the formula (4):

n is the number of times of cabin ventilation;

V-cabin net volume (the net volume data of each cabin has been previously embedded into the corresponding measurement unit 1), m ³

Since v=q/a (this is described in the second aspect of wind speed measurement), the measuring unit 1 calculates the wind volume Q from the measured wind speed v, calculates the ventilation number N, and checks the ventilation number N with the required value.

This function is particularly important for cabins with flammable and explosive gases, such as battery compartments, which can generate flammable and explosive hydrogen, paint cabins, oil equipment cabins and the like, so that in order to ensure the safety of such cabins, even whole ships, real-time ventilation times can be checked to ensure that the flammable and explosive gases are in a safe and controllable range.

For underwater diving ships (similar to deep sea diving ships such as 'dragon number, struggler number', etc.), the ventilation condition is inferior to that of a water surface ship, so the requirement of real-time ventilation frequency assessment is more prominent.

4. Measurement of airflow

The infrared thermal imager 131 has a function of capturing and tracking a motion track of a cold source or a heat source wind and forming an image, so that the distribution and circulation of air flow in a cabin can be detected, whether the air flow meets the requirement or not can be checked, and whether a local dead angle exists or not can be checked.

In addition, the infrared thermal imager 131 can also remotely detect the air flow temperature of each point in the cabin with the aid of the laser instrument 132, and check whether the air flow temperature meets the requirements. For example, the vertical human air flow temperature difference should not exceed 3 ℃, the horizontal human air flow temperature difference should not exceed 1 ℃, and the air flow temperature difference within the same cabin should not exceed 2 ℃.

5. Measurement of air pressure and air leakage

Since the sensor module 14 of the present invention has the indoor air pressure sensor 142, the outdoor air pressure sensor 143 and the air pressure difference sensor 144, it can be checked whether the air pressure in the cabin of the ship satisfies the requirement. The common air-conditioning cabin should be kept at positive pressure, the medical cabin, the medical isolation cabin, the toilet, the bathroom and the like should be kept at negative pressure, and the specific cabin must be kept at positive pressure and positive pressure gradient of a certain pressure in a specific time period.

Because the infrared thermal imager 131 and the laser instrument 132 are arranged, the invention can remotely measure the wind speed, the wind flow cross section area and the wind quantity, and can remotely measure the wind leakage speed, the wind leakage cross section area and the wind leakage quantity of gaps such as doors, windows, cable holes, weld holes and the like. Therefore, the invention can not only check the pressure maintaining requirement, but also check the air leakage.

For example, a certain area of a ship requires that certain specific cabins keep positive pressure of 500Pa, and the air leakage rate is not more than 3% of the air supply rate; some adjacent compartments maintain a positive pressure gradient of 80 Pa; when the pressure difference between the inner side and the outer side of the cabin reaches 500Pa, the pressure drop of the cabin per hour is not more than 3 percent. If conventional barometers and hand-held anemometers are used for the measurement assessment, a significant amount of labor and time is required to achieve this.

In addition, in any ship, a large amount of inflammable, explosive, toxic and harmful gas pipelines and wall-attached ventilation traps exist, and the dangerous gas pipelines and the ventilation traps can pass through a plurality of cabins, so that the leakage is hardly detected once the ship is colorless and odorless, but the leakage of the gas on the walls of the pipelines and the traps is hardly avoided along with the prolonging of the service time, and the safety of ships and ship personnel is extremely endangered. Therefore, it is very important to find and alert the leakage point in time and perform maintenance.

The invention not only can fully automatically complete the tasks of measuring and checking the air pressure and the air leakage, but also can play the roles of capturing the air leakage, air leakage and alarming in time. Once the gas leakage occurs, the touch liquid crystal screen 12 gives an alarm locally and sounds and light, and the information of the gas leakage and the position of the leakage point is uploaded to the ship-mounted monitoring center through the measuring unit state signal line 24b and the operation display and comprehensive fault alarm signal line 23b, so that on-site workers are informed of timely plugging and maintenance, and the safety of ships and ship workers is guaranteed.

6. Measurement of air quality and noise

Since the present invention has the air quality sensor 145, it can be checked whether the air quality in the cabin satisfies the requirement. The noise sensor 146 can check whether the noise in the cabin meets the requirement.

7. Detecting whether the heating facility has high temperature exceeding standard

As shown in fig. 5, a number of heat generating facilities are installed in a cabin (e.g., cabin 200), including heat generating devices 7 (e.g., boilers, pumps, etc.), cable bundles 8, and heat generating pipes 9 (e.g., steam pipes, hot water pipes, hot oil pipes, etc.), which generate heat when in operation.

The invention inputs the normal use temperature of the heating equipment 7 in advance, and then uses the infrared thermal imager 131 to remotely measure whether the surface temperature of the heating equipment exceeds the standard. Once the temperature exceeding occurs, the touch liquid crystal screen 12 gives an alarm locally and sounds and lights, and the temperature and position information of the heating facilities are uploaded to the ship-mounted monitoring center through the measuring unit state signal line 24b and the operation display and comprehensive fault alarm signal line 23b, so that on-site workers are informed of timely checking and maintaining, or insulation measures are improved, and the safety of the heating facilities and the personnel in the cabin is ensured.

Of course, the invention can also monitor the abnormal body temperature of personnel in the cabin, which is also very important for controlling epidemic diseases.

8. Measuring whether pressure pipe in decorative board has leakage

As shown in fig. 6, since a large number of pressure lines 5 (e.g., high pressure water lines) are installed along a bulkhead or ceiling within a ship's hold (e.g., the cabin 100), they are typically concealed within trim panels 6 (including bulkhead panels or ceiling ceilings) for aesthetic purposes. However, as the service life is prolonged, the pressure pipeline 5 ages or encounters impact, and the pressure pipeline has the hidden trouble of cracking and leaking or bursting, and is not easy to find if being positioned in the unmanned ship cabin again because the pressure pipeline is positioned in the decorative board 6. As a consequence, light weight affects the cabin environment, heavy weight floods the cabin, damages equipment and jeopardizes personnel safety, especially for underwater diving vessels that are under water. It is therefore of great importance to find the pressure pipe 5 leak in time and to alert maintenance.

Conventionally, when a large amount of liquid is found to flow out of the decorative plate 6, but it is not known which pipeline corresponding to which decorative plate 6 leaks, all external valves of all pressure pipelines 5 in the cabin decorative plate 6 need to be completely closed, most of decorative plates 6 in the cabin are completely removed, and finally, the found leaking pipeline is subjected to pipe replacement maintenance (because the found leakage pipeline is not timely, small sand holes of the pipeline become large holes and cannot be subjected to repair welding, and only the pipe replacement is realized), so that the method is time-consuming, labor-consuming and expensive, and the use of other equipment corresponding to unrelated pressure pipelines 5 is influenced. For example, having the cooling pipes of the radar apparatus in other unrelated pressure pipes 5, if they are to be temporarily disabled during maintenance, would make a vessel "blind" in the deep sea, which is not a risk.

The infrared thermal imager 131 is used, so that the infrared thermal imaging device has a perspective effect on the pressure pipeline 5 in the decorative plate 6, and after a small sand hole is formed on the pipeline, whether the pipeline is a cold source pipe or a heat source pipe or not can detect whether the pipeline has hidden leakage or not and the position of a leakage point. Once the leakage occurs, the touch liquid crystal screen 2 gives an alarm locally and sounds and lights, and the information of the leakage and the position of the leakage point is uploaded to the monitoring center on the ship through the measuring unit state signal line 24b and the operation display and comprehensive fault alarm signal line 23b, so that the on-site staff is informed of timely plugging and maintenance. Because the on-site staff can know which point of which pipeline corresponding to which decorative plate 6 leaks in time through the invention, the external valve of the pipeline is turned off firstly, then a small hole is drilled at the corresponding position of the decorative plate 6, and the welding rod of the welding gun extends into the small hole of the pipeline for repair welding. Therefore, the time, labor and material resources of emergency are greatly reduced, the use of equipment corresponding to other irrelevant pressure pipelines 5 is not influenced, the occurrence of secondary disasters is avoided, and the safety of the pipelines, personnel and equipment in the cabin is ensured.

In summary, the present invention provides a measuring device and a measuring method thereof, which can be used for ships and various buildings on the sea or land. The device is characterized by small volume, can be arranged on the bulkheads of various cabins, is used for remotely measuring the wind speed and the temperature in the cabins, and can also check various comprehensive environmental information such as the wind speed, the temperature, the humidity, the ventilation times, the air flow, the air pressure, the air leakage quantity, the air quality, the noise and the like in all cabins of the whole ship; meanwhile, the long-distance monitoring is carried out on all liquid pipelines, gas pipelines, traps and heating facilities in the cabin for 24 hours in the whole day, so that the life and property safety of ships and personnel is ensured; the intelligent and multifunctional characteristics of the intelligent and multifunctional intelligent control system can greatly improve the working efficiency and reduce the workload. The invention makes up the defects of the prior art, and the safety and the scientificity brought by the invention have the significance of epoch-making milestones, effectively overcome various defects in the prior art and have high industrial utilization value.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A measuring device, characterized in that the measuring device comprises a measuring unit and a control unit;

2. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the measuring unit further comprises an ear-hanging AR single-lens glasses, and the wireless converter transmits the measured various environmental information in the cabin to the ear-hanging AR single-lens glasses;

the sensor module is internally integrated with a humidity sensor, an indoor air pressure sensor, an outdoor air pressure sensor, an air pressure difference sensor, an air quality sensor and a noise sensor; the outdoor air pressure sensor is arranged in the open air and is arranged outside the target cabin.

3. A measuring method using the measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that the measurement of the wind speed comprises three schemes;

according to v=s/t (1)

In the formula (1):

v-the wind speed flowing out of the air outlet or into the air return, m/s;

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the second scheme of measuring wind speed is to remotely measure wind speed by using a micro small fan, and calculate wind speeds of the cold source or the heat source wind flowing out of the air outlet and entering the air return port by using a corresponding relation between the rotational speed of the micro small fan and the wind speed;

according to q=q1 (pid ² U/4)(2)

In the formula (2):

d, the circumferential outer diameter of the miniature small fan, m;

u-peripheral speed of micro small fan, m/s;

thus, wind speed v=q/a

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the third scheme for measuring wind speed is to combine the first scheme with the second scheme to measure wind speed by fitting accuracy;

scheme I utilizing infraredThe wind speed of a certain wind gap measured by the thermal imager is v _a Scheme II utilizes the miniature small fan 16 to measure that the wind speed of the wind gap is v _b Then, using a traditional handheld anemometer to perform test precision fitting, wherein the wind speed of the wind gap measured by the wind gap is v and is determined to be the real wind speed;

v＝b1v _a ² +b2v _a v _b +b3v _b ² +b4v _a +b5v _b +b6 (3)

wherein b 1-b 6-precision correction coefficients;

the matrix form is as follows:

6. The measurement method according to claim 5, wherein: by utilizing the measuring principle of wind speed, the air leakage cross section area and the air leakage quantity at the gaps including door gaps, window gaps, cable hole gaps and weld joint holes are measured remotely through an infrared thermal imager and a laser instrument.

7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the method for measuring the number of ventilation is:

N＝Q/V (4)

in the formula (4):

n is the number of times of cabin ventilation;

V-cabin clear volume, m ³ ；

8. The measurement method according to claim 3, wherein the infrared thermal imager is used for remotely measuring the accurate temperature on a target object, detecting whether the air flow distribution and circulation condition in a cabin are examined to have local dead angles, detecting whether heating facilities have high temperature exceeding standard, detecting personnel body temperature in the cabin, detecting whether pressure pipelines hidden in a decorative plate have leakage points, and once abnormality is found, touching a liquid crystal screen to locally give an audible and visual alarm, and uploading the alarm to a monitoring center on the ship for timely maintenance.

9. A measurement method according to claim 3, wherein the air quality sensor checks whether the air quality in the cabin meets the requirement; the noise sensor checks whether the noise in the cabin meets the requirement.

10. A measuring method according to claim 3, wherein the indoor air pressure sensor, the outdoor air pressure sensor and the differential air pressure sensor are used for checking whether the air pressure in the cabin of the ship meets the requirement.