CN116178656A - Preparation process of cork composite polyurethane co-foaming thermal insulation material - Google Patents
Preparation process of cork composite polyurethane co-foaming thermal insulation material Download PDFInfo
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- CN116178656A CN116178656A CN202310041290.3A CN202310041290A CN116178656A CN 116178656 A CN116178656 A CN 116178656A CN 202310041290 A CN202310041290 A CN 202310041290A CN 116178656 A CN116178656 A CN 116178656A
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- cork
- foaming
- polyurethane
- insulation material
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- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920001046 Nanocellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012974 tin catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NVSXSBBVEDNGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluorobutane Chemical compound CCC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F NVSXSBBVEDNGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000538 Poly[(phenyl isocyanate)-co-formaldehyde] Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000009430 Thespesia populnea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000299492 Thespesia populnea Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940008099 dimethicone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AMTWCFIAVKBGOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;methoxy-dimethyl-trimethylsilyloxysilane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.CO[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C AMTWCFIAVKBGOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940083037 simethicone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/3442—Mixing, kneading or conveying the foamable material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4081—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/64 with other macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4266—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain prepared from hydroxycarboxylic acids and/or lactones
- C08G18/4269—Lactones
- C08G18/4277—Caprolactone and/or substituted caprolactone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/44—Polycarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/64—Macromolecular compounds not provided for by groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/63
- C08G18/6484—Polysaccharides and derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/64—Macromolecular compounds not provided for by groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/63
- C08G18/6492—Lignin containing materials; Wood resins; Wood tars; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/143—Halogen containing compounds
- C08J9/144—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only
- C08J9/146—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only only fluorine as halogen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
- C08J2203/142—Halogenated saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. H3C-CF3
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
- C08J2375/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cork treatment, in particular to a preparation process of a cork composite polyurethane co-foaming heat-insulating material; the method comprises the following steps: s1: and (A) raw material preparation: the polyol, the tin catalyst, the amine catalyst, the surfactant and the physical foaming agent are poured into blending equipment according to a proportion, and are blended by water; adding cork particles and nanocellulose into blending equipment according to a proportion, and further blending uniformly to prepare a raw material A; s2: and (3) copolymerizing and foaming the raw materials A and B: and (3) adding the raw material B into blending equipment where the raw material A is positioned, physically blending, uniformly stirring, pouring into a mould, and foaming at room temperature to obtain the cork composite polyurethane co-foaming heat-insulating material. The preparation process solves the bottleneck problems of slow construction of cork as a heat insulation material, large consumption of non-renewable raw materials, high cost and the like of polyurethane foaming as the heat insulation material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cork treatment, in particular to a novel process for solving the bottleneck problems of slow construction of cork as a heat insulation material, large consumption of non-renewable raw materials, high cost and the like of polyurethane foaming as the heat insulation material, and particularly relates to a preparation process of a cork composite polyurethane co-foaming heat insulation material.
Background
The energy consumption of the building is about 40% of the total world energy consumption. The building heat insulation material can effectively improve the heat insulation performance of the building and ensure the remarkable reduction of the energy consumption of the building. The polyurethane foaming material is used as the most common building heat insulation material, and has the advantages of low density, good heat insulation performance, simple and convenient construction, rapid molding and the like.
For example, in the prior art patent document with the patent application number of CN201710112796.3, a polyurethane foaming material and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, wherein the polyurethane foaming material is prepared by foaming white materials, black materials, foaming agents and nucleating agents, the foaming pore diameter of the polyurethane foaming material is 60-80 mu m, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 19-20mW/m.K; the foaming agent comprises cyclopentane and isopentane, and the nucleating agent is nitrogen or carbon dioxide; the mass ratio of the white material to the black material to the cyclopentane to the isopentane to the nucleating agent is 98-105:7-11:4-8:8-10:136-142; the method comprises the following steps: (1) Adding the combined polyether into a high-low pressure circulation system, arranging a nucleating agent adding device at the outlet of a filter of a combined polyether pipeline, opening the nucleating agent adding device when the combined polyether passes through the filter to be about to enter a mixing tank, mixing the nucleating agent into the combined polyether, and then adding the nucleating agent and the combined polyether into the mixing tank; (2) Adding a foaming agent into a mixing tank and mixing with the combined polyether, and then adding the mixed foaming agent and the mixed combined polyether into a buffer tank; (3) Maintaining the pressure of the buffer tank at 12-15Mpa, adding isocyanate into the black tank, maintaining the pressure of the black tank at 12-15Mpa, and ensuring that the pressure difference between the buffer tank and the black tank is less than or equal to 1Mpa; (4) The polyurethane foaming material is obtained by mixing the combined polyether and isocyanate through the gun head and injecting the mixture into a foaming target cavity for foaming, wherein the temperature of the foaming target cavity is 35-50 ℃, and the flow rate of the gun head is 800-1500g/s.
As can be seen from the descriptions of the above patents, the existing polyurethane foaming materials mainly originate from petrochemical resources, have the defects of non-renewable property, non-degradable property, high manufacturing cost and the like, and do not meet the requirement of sustainable development.
Therefore, the search for green resource-based, low-cost foamed insulation materials as an alternative strategy has positive significance.
The cork with the cork tree bark is a biomass resource with a honeycomb closed cell structure, and has the characteristics of reproducibility, degradability, abundant resources, low cost, high content of oily cork fat, light weight, water resistance, high compressive strength, good heat preservation performance and the like, so that the cork with the cork tree bark has certain application potential in the aspects of energy conservation and heat preservation.
However, the heat-insulating material generally needs a hot-pressing process, even an adhesive is used, the corresponding preparation process is complex, the field construction is not suitable, and the foaming process is far less rapid and convenient than that of the main stream building heat-insulating material.
Therefore, the cork is combined with the foaming process to prepare the cork-filled polyurethane foaming thermal insulation material, so that the advantages of the cork and the polyurethane foaming thermal insulation material are expected to be exerted, the bottleneck problem of the polyurethane foaming thermal insulation material is solved, and the quick and large-scale industrial application of the cork in the field of thermal insulation materials is realized.
Therefore, the invention aims at improving and innovating the traditional cork with new preparation technology, and designs a new technology for solving the bottleneck problems of slow construction of cork as a heat insulation material, large consumption of nonrenewable raw materials, high cost and the like of polyurethane foaming as the heat insulation material, so as to better solve the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve one of the technical problems, and adopts the following technical scheme: a preparation process of a cork composite polyurethane co-foaming thermal insulation material comprises the following steps:
s1: and (A) raw material preparation:
the polyol, the tin catalyst, the amine catalyst, the surfactant and the physical foaming agent are poured into blending equipment according to a proportion, and are blended by water;
adding cork particles and nanocellulose into blending equipment according to a proportion, and further blending uniformly to prepare a raw material A;
s2: and (3) copolymerizing and foaming the raw materials A and B:
and (3) adding the raw material B into blending equipment where the raw material A is positioned, physically blending, uniformly stirring, pouring into a mould, and foaming at room temperature to obtain the cork composite polyurethane co-foaming heat-insulating material.
In any of the above embodiments, it is preferable that the polyol described in S1 is a polyester polyol; the tin catalyst is dibutyl tin dilaurate; the amine catalyst adopts triethylamine; the surfactant adopts dimethyl silicone oil; the physical foaming agent adopts pentafluorobutane.
In any of the above schemes, it is preferable that the mass part ratio of the polyester polyol, the simethicone, the dibutyl tin dilaurate, the triethylamine, the water and the physical foaming agent is 10:0.1-0.5:0.01-0.5:0.01-0.3:0.01-0.5:1-3.
In any of the above embodiments, it is preferable that the cork particles have a mesh size of 10-1000 mesh.
In any of the above schemes, it is preferable that the nanocellulose accounts for 1-2% of the mass of the cork particles, and the blend of the cork particles and nanocellulose entirely accounts for 0.1-25% of the mass of the raw material A.
In any of the above embodiments, it is preferable that the B raw material is polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate, wherein an isocyanate index is 0.8 to 1.5.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the blending device comprises a vertical mixing cylinder, the bottom of the vertical mixing cylinder is mounted on the base, an upper mixing component and a lower mixing component are sequentially mounted in the vertical mixing cylinder from top to bottom, two ends of the upper mixing component and two ends of the lower mixing component respectively movably penetrate out of the vertical mixing cylinder, the left end of the upper mixing component and the left end of the lower mixing component movably penetrate out of the vertical mixing cylinder and are matched with a driving transmission mechanism, and the driving transmission mechanism is used for driving the upper mixing component and the lower mixing component to realize rapid blending of the mixture inside the vertical mixing cylinder.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the driving transmission mechanism includes a torsion motor fixedly installed on an outer sidewall of an upper left side of the vertical mixing drum, a speed reducer is fixedly installed at an output end of the torsion motor, the speed reducer and the torsion motor are fixedly installed on the outer sidewall of the vertical mixing drum through welding frames respectively, a coaxial bidirectional transmission assembly is installed at an output end of the speed reducer in a matched manner, and the coaxial bidirectional transmission assembly is used for being matched and connected with the upper mixing assembly and the lower mixing assembly.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the coaxial bidirectional transmission assembly comprises a connecting frame fixedly installed on the left side wall of the vertical mixing barrel, a transmission vertical shaft is movably inserted at the top of the connecting frame, the top of the transmission vertical shaft is connected with the output end of the speed reducer through a coupler, a total input bevel gear is fixedly connected at the lower end of the transmission vertical shaft, a left inner shaft driving bevel gear and a right outer shaft driving bevel gear are respectively meshed with two sides of the total input bevel gear, the right outer shaft driving bevel gear movably penetrates out of an outer positioning shaft sleeve at a corresponding position through an upper gear steel sleeve integrally fixedly connected with the right end of the total input bevel gear, the left end of an upper central shaft fixedly connected with the left inner shaft driving bevel gear movably penetrates out of the left positioning shaft sleeve at a corresponding position to the left end of the upper central shaft fixedly connected with the left inner shaft driving bevel gear, the left positioning shaft sleeve and the right end of the outer positioning shaft sleeve are coaxially arranged and fixedly arranged at the lower end of the connecting frame, the right end of the upper central shaft movably penetrates through an inner cavity of the upper gear steel sleeve and extends into a mixing cavity of the vertical mixing barrel, and the total input bevel gear drives the upper inner shaft to drive the right inner shaft to rotate positively and reversely.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the upper mixing assembly comprises an upper gear steel sleeve and an upper central inner shaft coaxially arranged in a mixing cavity of the vertical mixing barrel, the right end of the upper central inner shaft movably penetrates out of the vertical mixing barrel, a plurality of upper reverse stirring pieces are fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the upper gear steel sleeve in the mixing cavity of the vertical mixing barrel, an upper forward stirring piece is fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the upper central inner shaft in the mixing cavity of the vertical mixing barrel, and the upper reverse stirring pieces and the upper forward stirring pieces realize stirring of internal materials through coaxial reverse rotation.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the lower mixing assembly comprises a lower positioning shaft sleeve horizontally arranged below the upper mixing assembly and in the mixing cavity, the left end of the lower positioning shaft sleeve movably penetrates out of the vertical mixing cylinder and is matched with the upper gear steel sleeve above the vertical mixing cylinder through a left gear transmission member, a lower central shaft is coaxially inserted in the inner cavity of the upper gear steel sleeve, the right end of the lower central shaft movably penetrates out of the vertical mixing cylinder, the left end of the lower central shaft movably penetrates through the upper gear steel sleeve and extends out of the vertical mixing cylinder, a lower forward rotation stirring member is fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the lower positioning shaft sleeve in the mixing cavity, a plurality of lower reverse rotation stirring members are fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the lower central shaft in an interval manner, and the right end of the lower central shaft movably penetrates out of the vertical mixing cylinder and is matched and connected with the right end of the upper center above the vertical mixing cylinder through a right gear transmission member.
In any of the above solutions, preferably, the left side gear transmission member includes an upper left spur gear and a lower left spur gear that are meshed with each other, the upper left spur gear is coaxially fixed on an outer sidewall of the upper gear steel sleeve at a corresponding position, the lower left spur gear is coaxially fixed on an outer sidewall of the lower positioning shaft sleeve at a corresponding position, and a left side protection cover is provided on an outer cover of the upper left spur gear and the lower left spur gear.
In any of the above aspects, preferably, the right side gear transmission member includes an upper right spur gear and a lower right spur gear meshed with each other, the upper right spur gear is coaxially fixed on the outer sidewall of the right end of the upper central inner shaft at a corresponding position, the lower right spur gear is coaxially fixed on the outer sidewall of the right end of the lower central inner shaft at a corresponding position, and a right side protection cover is provided on the outer side of the upper right spur gear and the lower right spur gear.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the preparation process solves the bottleneck problems of slow construction of cork as a heat insulation material, large consumption of non-renewable raw materials, high cost and the like of polyurethane foaming as the heat insulation material.
2. The micron-sized closed cell honeycomb structure of cork has the function of blocking heat convection and heat conduction.
3. The cork micron-sized closed-cell honeycomb structure adopted in the material prepared by the process ensures that the material has the functions of blocking heat convection and heat conduction, and the cork fat on the surface has a hydrophobic effect and is further wound and wrapped by nanocellulose.
4. The surface of the cork is coated with a large amount of hydroxyl groups, so that cork particles are effectively involved in the reaction of isocyanate and serve as nucleating agents, the pore diameter, pore morphology and uniformity of polyurethane foaming are dominant, the structural uniformity of the whole foaming material is ensured, and the cork and polyurethane are strongly crosslinked through nanocellulose, so that the final composite foaming thermal insulation material is endowed with good thermal insulation performance, mechanical strength and waterproof performance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. Like elements or features are generally identified by like reference numerals throughout the drawings. In the drawings, the elements or components are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic structural view of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a vertical mixing cylinder; 2. a base; 3. a feed inlet; 4. a discharge port; 5. a torque motor; 6. a speed reducer; 7. a welding frame; 8. a connecting frame; 9. a transmission vertical shaft; 10. a total input bevel gear; 11. the left inner shaft drives a bevel gear; 12. the right outer shaft drives a bevel gear; 13. a gear steel sleeve is arranged; 14. an upper central inner shaft; 15. a left positioning shaft sleeve; 16. a mixing cavity; 17. an upper reverse stirring member; 18. an upper normal rotation stirring member; 19. a lower positioning shaft sleeve; 20. a lower central inner shaft; 21. a lower forward rotation stirring member; 22. a lower reverse stirring member; 23. an upper left spur gear; 24. lower left spur gear; 25. a left side shield; 26. an upper right spur gear; 27. a right lower spur gear; 28. and a right side protective cover.
Description of the embodiments
Embodiments of the technical scheme of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and thus are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The specific structure of the invention is shown in figures 1-2.
Examples
The preparation process of the cork composite polyurethane co-foaming heat insulation material comprises the following specific steps:
1) And (A) raw material preparation:
polycarbonate diol: dimethicone: dibutyl tin dilaurate: triethylamine: pentafluorobutane according to 10:0.2:0.07:0.03:2 mass ratio blending;
introducing a mixture of 100-mesh cork particles and nanocellulose with the mass ratio of 100:1 into the mixture, and further stirring uniformly to prepare a raw material A;
wherein, the blend of cork particles and nanocellulose accounts for 24% of the raw material A;
2) And B, preparing raw materials:
and (3) introducing toluene diisocyanate (with an isocyanate index of 1.2) serving as a raw material B into the raw material A, physically blending, uniformly stirring, pouring into a mould, and foaming at room temperature to obtain the cork composite polyurethane co-foaming heat-insulating material.
Through testing, the foaming time of the obtained foaming thermal insulation material is 10 seconds, the density is 0.048 g/cm < 3 >, the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.039W/(m.K), the compressive strength is 0.32 MPa, the water absorption is 16%, the thermal insulation material has excellent thermal insulation performance, good mechanical performance and waterproof performance, and the characteristics of quick reaction and high-efficiency foaming, and has the advantage of industrial application.
Examples
The preparation process of the cork composite polyurethane co-foaming heat insulation material comprises the following specific steps:
1) And (A) raw material preparation:
polycaprolactone polyol: dimethicone: dibutyl tin dilaurate: triethylamine: pentafluorobutane according to 10:0.3:0.05:0.04:1 by mass ratio blending;
introducing a mixture of 100-mesh cork particles and nanocellulose with the mass ratio of 100:2 into the mixture, and further stirring uniformly to prepare a raw material A;
wherein, the blend of cork particles and nanocellulose accounts for 25% of the raw material A;
2) And B, preparing raw materials:
and (3) introducing isophorone diisocyanate (with an isocyanate index of 1.2) serving as a raw material B into the raw material A, physically blending, uniformly stirring, pouring into a mold, and foaming at room temperature to obtain the cork composite polyurethane co-foaming heat-insulating material.
Through tests, the foaming time of the obtained foaming thermal insulation material is 13 seconds, the density is 0.056 g/cm < 3 >, the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.042W/(m.K), the compressive strength is 0.30 MPa, the water absorption is 15%, the thermal insulation material has excellent thermal insulation performance, good mechanical performance and waterproof performance, and the characteristics of quick reaction and high-efficiency foaming, and has the advantage of industrial application.
Examples
Unlike example 2, the following is:
the blending equipment comprises a vertical mixing cylinder 1, the bottom of the vertical mixing cylinder 1 is arranged on a base 2, an upper mixing component and a lower mixing component are sequentially arranged in the vertical mixing cylinder 1 from top to bottom, two ends of the upper mixing component respectively movably penetrate out of the vertical mixing cylinder 1, the left end of the lower mixing component movably penetrates out of the vertical mixing cylinder 1 and is matched with a driving transmission mechanism, the driving transmission mechanism is used for driving the upper mixing component and the lower mixing component to realize rapid blending of a mixture inside the vertical mixing cylinder 1, and a feeding port 3 and a discharging port 4 with a valve are arranged at the top of the vertical mixing cylinder 1 and the bottom of the vertical mixing cylinder.
The blending equipment is mainly used in a raw material configuration process step, various raw materials can be well blended through the blending equipment, a driving transmission mechanism is used as a single power driving part in the working process, and the upper mixing component and the lower mixing component inside the vertical mixing cylinder 1 are driven by independent power to realize multidirectional rotation mixing, so that the mixing efficiency and effect are effectively ensured.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the driving transmission mechanism includes a torsion motor 5 fixedly installed on an outer sidewall of an upper left portion of the vertical mixing drum 1, a speed reducer 6 is fixedly installed at an output end of the torsion motor 5, the speed reducer 6 and the torsion motor 5 are fixedly installed on an outer sidewall of the vertical mixing drum 1 through welding frames 7 respectively, a coaxial bidirectional transmission assembly is installed at an output end of the speed reducer 6 in a matched manner, and the coaxial bidirectional transmission assembly is used for being matched and connected with the upper mixing assembly and the lower mixing assembly.
When the driving transmission mechanism works, the torque motor 5 is connected with a power supply, the speed reducer 6 is driven to rotate through the torque motor 5, then power is transmitted to the coaxial bidirectional transmission assembly, and the coaxial bidirectional transmission assembly simultaneously drives the corresponding upper mixing assembly and lower mixing assembly to operate.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the coaxial bidirectional transmission assembly comprises a connecting frame 8 fixedly installed on the left side wall of the vertical mixing barrel 1, a transmission vertical shaft 9 is movably inserted at the top of the connecting frame 8, the top of the transmission vertical shaft 9 is connected with the output end of the speed reducer 6 through a coupler, a total input bevel gear 10 is fixedly connected at the lower end of the transmission vertical shaft 9, a left inner shaft driving bevel gear 11 and a right outer shaft driving bevel gear 12 are respectively meshed with two sides of the total input bevel gear 10, an upper gear steel sleeve 13 integrally fixedly connected with the right outer shaft driving bevel gear 12 through the right end of the upper gear steel sleeve 13 movably penetrates through the upper gear steel sleeve 13 at a corresponding position, the left end of an upper central shaft 14 fixedly connected with the left inner shaft driving bevel gear 11 movably penetrates left through the left positioning shaft sleeve 15 at the corresponding position, the left positioning shaft sleeve 15 and the upper gear steel sleeve 13 are coaxially arranged and fixedly arranged at the lower end of the connecting frame 8 at the corresponding position, the right end of the upper central shaft 14 movably penetrates through the upper gear steel sleeve 13 and stretches into the upper gear steel sleeve 13 to the right inner shaft 10, and the total input bevel gear 10 is driven by the total input bevel gear 10.
The transmission process of the coaxial bidirectional transmission assembly is that the speed reducer 6 drives the transmission vertical shaft 9, the total input bevel gear 10 at the bottom of the transmission vertical shaft 9 can respectively drive the left inner shaft driving bevel gear 11 and the right outer shaft driving bevel gear 12 meshed with the left side and the right side of the transmission vertical shaft 9 to reversely rotate, and the corresponding upper gear steel sleeve 13 and the upper central inner shaft 14 can be driven to coaxially reversely rotate in the rotation process of the left inner shaft driving bevel gear 11 and the right outer shaft driving bevel gear 12, and the inner ends of the upper gear steel sleeve 13 and the upper central inner shaft 14 extend into the vertical mixing cylinder 1, so that the upper mixing assembly and the lower mixing assembly can be driven to rotate when the transmission vertical shaft is rotated, and the vertical multi-directional rotary mixing is realized.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the upper mixing assembly includes an upper gear steel sleeve 13 coaxially disposed in a mixing cavity 16 of the vertical mixing barrel 1, an upper central inner shaft 14, a right end of the upper central inner shaft 14 movably penetrates out of the vertical mixing barrel 1, a plurality of upper reverse stirring members 17 are fixedly mounted on an outer sidewall of the upper gear steel sleeve 13 in the mixing cavity 16 of the vertical mixing barrel 1, an upper forward stirring member 18 is fixedly mounted on an outer sidewall of the upper central inner shaft 14 in the mixing cavity 16 of the vertical mixing barrel 1, and stirring of internal materials is achieved by coaxial reverse rotation of each upper reverse stirring member 17 and the upper forward stirring member 18.
When the upper mixing component works, the upper gear steel sleeve 13 and the upper central inner shaft 14 are utilized to coaxially and reversely rotate to drive the upper reverse rotation stirring pieces 17 and the upper forward rotation stirring pieces 18 to stir internal materials through coaxial reverse rotation, so that the stirring effect is effectively improved.
In any of the above solutions, preferably, the lower mixing assembly includes a lower positioning shaft sleeve 19 horizontally disposed below the upper mixing assembly in the mixing cavity 16, a left end of the lower positioning shaft sleeve 19 movably penetrates through the vertical mixing cylinder 1 and is matched with the upper gear steel sleeve 13 above the lower positioning shaft sleeve through a left gear transmission member, a lower central inner shaft 20 is coaxially inserted in an inner cavity of the upper gear steel sleeve 13, a right end of the lower central inner shaft 20 movably penetrates through the vertical mixing cylinder 1, a left end of the lower central inner shaft 20 movably penetrates through the upper gear steel sleeve 13 and extends to the outside of the vertical mixing cylinder 1, a lower forward rotation stirring member 21 is fixedly installed on an outer side wall of the lower positioning shaft sleeve 19 in the mixing cavity 16, a plurality of lower reverse rotation stirring members 22 are fixed on an outer side wall of the lower central shaft 20 in the mixing cavity 16 at intervals, and a right end of the lower central inner shaft 20 movably penetrates through the vertical mixing cylinder 1 and is matched with the upper central shaft 14 through a right gear transmission member.
The lower part compounding subassembly during operation utilizes left side gear drive spare, right side gear drive spare to drive down location axle sleeve 19, lower part center inner shaft 20 respectively and rotates to reach the lower part corotation stirring piece 21 that drive corresponding position department, lower part reversal stirring piece 22 carry out coaxial counter-rotation's purpose, reach better stirring effect.
When the vertical mixing barrel 1 is internally stirred, the aim of rapid stirring can be achieved through the linkage of four stirring pieces of the upper forward stirring piece 18, the upper reverse stirring piece 17, the lower forward stirring piece 21 and the lower reverse stirring piece 22, and the blending effect and efficiency are improved.
In any of the above solutions, it is preferable that the left side gear transmission member includes an upper left spur gear 23 and a lower left spur gear 24 that are meshed with each other, the upper left spur gear 23 is coaxially fixed on an outer sidewall of the upper gear steel sleeve 13 at a corresponding position, the lower left spur gear 24 is coaxially fixed on an outer sidewall of the lower positioning sleeve 19 at a corresponding position, and a left side protection cover 25 is provided on an outer side of the upper left spur gear 23 and the lower left spur gear 24.
The left side gear driving member can play a role in transmitting power and adjusting the rotation direction during driving, and the transmission purpose is achieved through the engagement of the left upper straight gear 23 and the left lower straight gear 24.
In any of the above embodiments, preferably, the right side gear transmission member includes an upper right spur gear 26 and a lower right spur gear 27 meshed with each other, the upper right spur gear 26 is coaxially fixed on the outer sidewall of the right end of the upper central inner shaft 14 at a corresponding position, the lower right spur gear 27 is coaxially fixed on the outer sidewall of the right end of the lower central inner shaft 20 at a corresponding position, and a right side shield 28 is provided on the outer side of the upper right spur gear 26 and the lower right spur gear 27.
The right side gear driving member can play a role in transmitting power and adjusting the rotation direction during driving, and the transmission purpose is achieved through the engagement of the right upper straight gear 26 and the right lower straight gear 27.
The blending equipment is mainly used in a raw material configuration process step, various raw materials can be well blended through the blending equipment, a driving transmission mechanism is used as a single power driving part in the working process, and the upper mixing component and the lower mixing component inside the vertical mixing cylinder 1 are driven by independent power to realize multidirectional rotation mixing, so that the mixing efficiency and effect are effectively ensured. During blending, the polyol, the tin catalyst, the amine catalyst, the surfactant and the physical foaming agent are poured into blending equipment according to a proportion, and the blending is realized through water; adding cork particles and nanocellulose into blending equipment according to a proportion, and further blending uniformly to prepare a raw material A; copolymerizing and foaming the raw material A and the raw material B: and (3) adding the raw material B into blending equipment where the raw material A is positioned, physically blending, uniformly stirring, pouring into a mould, and foaming at room temperature to obtain the cork composite polyurethane co-foaming heat-insulating material.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims and description; any alternative modifications or variations to the embodiments of the present invention will fall within the scope of the present invention for those skilled in the art.
The present invention is not described in detail in the present application, and is well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation process of a cork composite polyurethane co-foaming heat insulation material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: and (A) raw material preparation:
the polyol, the tin catalyst, the amine catalyst, the surfactant and the physical foaming agent are poured into blending equipment according to a proportion, and are blended by water;
adding cork particles and nanocellulose into blending equipment according to a proportion, and further blending uniformly to prepare a raw material A;
s2: and (3) copolymerizing and foaming the raw materials A and B:
and (3) adding the raw material B into blending equipment where the raw material A is positioned, physically blending, uniformly stirring, pouring into a mould, and foaming at room temperature to obtain the cork composite polyurethane co-foaming heat-insulating material.
2. The process for preparing the cork-polyurethane co-foam thermal insulation material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the polyol in S1 adopts polyester polyol; the tin catalyst is dibutyl tin dilaurate; the amine catalyst adopts triethylamine; the surfactant adopts dimethyl silicone oil; the physical foaming agent adopts pentafluorobutane.
3. The process for preparing the cork-polyurethane co-foam thermal insulation material according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the mass part ratio of the polyester polyol to the dimethyl silicone oil to the dibutyl tin dilaurate to the triethylamine to the water to the physical foaming agent is 10:0.1-0.5:0.01-0.5:0.01-0.3:0.01-0.5:1-3.
4. The process for preparing the cork-polyurethane co-foam thermal insulation material according to claim 3, wherein the process is characterized by comprising the following steps: the mesh number of the cork particles is 10-1000 meshes.
5. The process for preparing the cork-polyurethane co-foam thermal insulation material according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the nano cellulose accounts for 1-2% of the mass of the cork particles, and the whole blend of the cork particles and the nano cellulose accounts for 0.1-25% of the mass of the raw material A.
6. The process for preparing the cork-polyurethane co-foam thermal insulation material according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the raw material B is polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate, wherein the isocyanate index is 0.8-1.5.
7. The process for preparing the cork-polyurethane co-foam thermal insulation material according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: the blending equipment comprises a vertical mixing cylinder, the bottom of the vertical mixing cylinder is arranged on a base, an upper mixing component and a lower mixing component are sequentially arranged in the vertical mixing cylinder from top to bottom, two ends of the upper mixing component respectively and movably penetrate out of the vertical mixing cylinder, the left end of the lower mixing component movably penetrates out of the vertical mixing cylinder and is matched with a driving transmission mechanism, and the driving transmission mechanism is used for driving the upper mixing component and the lower mixing component to operate in a matched mode so as to realize rapid blending of a mixture inside the vertical mixing cylinder.
8. The process for preparing the cork-polyurethane co-foam thermal insulation material according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: the driving transmission mechanism comprises a torsion motor fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the left upper part of the vertical mixing drum, a speed reducer is fixedly arranged at the output end of the torsion motor, the speed reducer and the torsion motor are fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the vertical mixing drum respectively through welding frames, a coaxial bidirectional transmission assembly is mounted at the output end of the speed reducer in a matched mode, and the coaxial bidirectional transmission assembly is used for being matched and connected with the upper mixing assembly and the lower mixing assembly.
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