CN116176070A - Rubber product with sandwich structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Rubber product with sandwich structure and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116176070A
CN116176070A CN202211656295.9A CN202211656295A CN116176070A CN 116176070 A CN116176070 A CN 116176070A CN 202211656295 A CN202211656295 A CN 202211656295A CN 116176070 A CN116176070 A CN 116176070A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
layer
rubber
rubber layer
surface rubber
fiber cloth
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Pending
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CN202211656295.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张薇
陈娜
温富宝
刘建叶
梁静桃
宋金梅
高红成
陈阳
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Beijing Composite Material Co Ltd
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Beijing Composite Material Co Ltd
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Application filed by Beijing Composite Material Co Ltd filed Critical Beijing Composite Material Co Ltd
Priority to CN202211656295.9A priority Critical patent/CN116176070A/en
Publication of CN116176070A publication Critical patent/CN116176070A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/10—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
    • B29C69/001—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore a shaping technique combined with cutting, e.g. in parts or slices combined with rearranging and joining the cut parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/14—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising synthetic rubber copolymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/10—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses
    • F16L55/115—Caps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00—Layered products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B2038/0052—Other operations not otherwise provided for
    • B32B2038/0076—Curing, vulcanising, cross-linking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B2260/023—Two or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/51—Elastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/40—Weight reduction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a rubber product with a sandwich structure and a preparation method thereof, wherein the rubber product comprises an upper surface rubber layer, a reinforcing layer and a lower surface rubber layer which are sequentially laminated; the reinforcing layer is a fiber cloth layer or a presoaked cloth layer; the fiber cloth layer comprises fiber cloth and a first rubber layer which are alternately laminated, and the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer of the fiber cloth layer are both fiber cloth; the prepreg layer comprises a plurality of layers of prepreg cloth which are arranged in a laminated mode, or the prepreg layer comprises prepreg cloth and a second rubber layer which are alternately arranged in a laminated mode, and the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer of the prepreg layer are both prepreg cloth. The rubber product with the sandwich structure is a sandwich structure formed by rubber materials and composite materials, has the advantages of high elasticity, wear resistance, good air tightness and the like of rubber, has certain strength and can bear corresponding pressure.

Description

Rubber product with sandwich structure and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and particularly relates to a rubber product with a sandwich structure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The plugging cover products are mostly made of resin matrix composite materials, metal materials, rubber materials and the like, and play a role in sealing, bearing or both according to different use conditions. Resin-based composite materials and metal materials are generally used in environments with low sealing requirements and certain strength requirements, but fragments can be generated when the resin-based composite materials and the metal materials are damaged in the use process, and the fragments serve as an excessive substance to endanger surrounding instruments and other equipment. The rubber material has low strength, good sealing property, is generally used as a sealing material, cannot meet the requirement on the use environment with certain strength requirement, and only partial opening damage of the product is avoided when the rubber material is damaged, so that the safety of surrounding equipment is ensured.
Therefore, the resin-based composite material and the metal material are used for making the plugging cover, the problems of poor sealing performance and low safety of surrounding equipment once damaged exist, and the rubber is used for making the plugging cover, so that the problem of poor strength exists. The plugging cover product with good sealing performance, good strength and high safety is needed to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a rubber product with a sandwich structure and a preparation method thereof, which aims to solve the problems that a resin-based composite material and a metal material are poor in sealing performance and a rubber material is poor in strength, and the product is a sandwich structure formed by the rubber material and the composite material, has the advantages of high elasticity, wear resistance, good air tightness and the like of rubber, has certain strength and can bear corresponding pressure.
In order to solve the above problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides a rubber article of a sandwich structure:
comprises an upper surface rubber layer, a reinforcing layer and a lower surface rubber layer which are sequentially laminated; the reinforcing layer is a fiber cloth layer or a presoaked cloth layer; the fiber cloth layer comprises fiber cloth and a first rubber layer which are alternately laminated, and the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer of the fiber cloth layer are both fiber cloth; the prepreg layer comprises a plurality of layers of prepreg cloth which are arranged in a laminated mode, or the prepreg layer comprises prepreg cloth and a second rubber layer which are arranged in an alternating laminated mode, and the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer of the prepreg layer are both prepreg cloth.
Preferably, the rubber material adopted by the upper surface rubber layer and/or the lower surface rubber layer and/or the first rubber layer and/or the second rubber layer is at least one of nitrile rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, silicon rubber and hydrogenated nitrile rubber;
the fiber cloth is at least one of alkali-free glass fiber cloth, high silica fiber cloth, quartz fiber cloth and carbon fiber cloth;
the resin material in the prepreg is one of phenolic resin, epoxy resin, mixture of epoxy resin and phenolic resin, polyamide resin and mixture of epoxy resin and polyamide resin;
the reinforcing material in the prepreg cloth is at least one of alkali-free glass fiber cloth, high silica fiber cloth, quartz fiber cloth and carbon fiber cloth.
Preferably, the thickness ratio of the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer, and the lower surface rubber layer is 1: (0.75-1): 1.
the second aspect of the invention provides a method for preparing the rubber product with the sandwich structure, which comprises the following steps:
s1, splitting the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer and the lower surface rubber layer of a rubber product according to the pressure-resistant requirement of the product, determining the thickness of a rubber green sheet of the upper surface rubber layer and the lower surface rubber layer, and determining the material, the structure and the thickness of the reinforcing layer;
s2, prefabricating the enhancement layer according to the determined material, structure and thickness of the enhancement layer to obtain a prefabricated enhancement layer;
s3, carrying out theoretical parting on the structural shapes of the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer and the lower surface rubber layer according to the shape of the product to obtain a molding template;
s4, cutting the rubber green sheet of the upper surface rubber layer, the rubber green sheet of the lower surface rubber layer and the prefabricated reinforcing layer according to the shape of the molding template;
s5, loading the rubber green sheets of the lower surface rubber layer, the prefabricated reinforcing layer and the rubber green sheets of the upper surface rubber layer into the molding template;
s6, closing the molding template, pressurizing and curing to obtain the rubber product with the sandwich structure.
Preferably, the thickness of the rubber green sheet of the upper surface rubber layer is 130% -140% of the thickness of the upper surface rubber layer; the thickness of the rubber green sheet of the lower surface rubber layer is 130% -140% of the thickness of the lower surface rubber layer.
Preferably, in step S2, prefabricating the enhancement layer specifically includes: and according to the set reinforcing layer structure, laminating the materials of the reinforcing layer on a press, and pressing to a set thickness to obtain the prefabricated reinforcing layer, wherein the temperature of the press is 80-100 ℃, and the pressing time is 10-120min/mm.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of heating the molding template to 140-160 ℃ and preserving heat for more than 30min before the step S5.
Preferably, in step S6, the curing temperature is 140-160 ℃, the heat preservation time is t= (30±10) min/mm×d, where t is the heat preservation time, and d is the thickness of the rubber product.
Preferably, in step S5, when the rubber green sheet of the lower surface rubber layer, the pre-reinforcing layer, and the rubber green sheet of the upper surface rubber layer are incorporated, the shearing edges of the pre-reinforcing layer and the shearing edges of the rubber green sheet of the lower surface rubber layer and the rubber green sheet of the upper surface rubber layer are offset from each other.
Preferably, in step S6, the mold is closed and pressurized to complete mold closing, and the pressurizing and pressure releasing processes are repeated for 7 to 10 times.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the sandwich structure rubber product is formed by the rubber product and the fiber cloth layer or the prepreg cloth layer, and takes the fiber cloth layer or the prepreg cloth layer as a reinforced sandwich layer.
The preparation method of the rubber product with the sandwich structure mainly comprises the steps of split design according to the pressure-resistant requirement of the product, fractal design of the upper surface rubber layer, the lower surface rubber layer and the reinforcing layer according to the shape of the product, prefabrication of the reinforcing layer structure, and integral rapid compression molding of the reinforcing layer and the upper surface rubber layer, wherein the reinforcing layer in the sandwich structure is prefabricated and then fractal, so that the sandwich structure is complete and is completely covered by the upper surface rubber layer and the lower surface rubber layer, and the consistency of the appearance and the internal quality of the product is ensured; and the whole body is molded quickly, so that the production efficiency is improved and the production cost is reduced on the premise of ensuring the quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a sandwich-structured rubber article prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-an upper surface rubber layer; 2-an enhancement layer; 3-a lower surface rubber layer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a rubber article of sandwich construction:
comprises an upper surface rubber layer, a reinforcing layer and a lower surface rubber layer which are sequentially laminated; the reinforcing layer is a fiber cloth layer or a presoaked cloth layer; the fiber cloth layer comprises fiber cloth and a first rubber layer which are alternately laminated, and the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer of the fiber cloth layer are both fiber cloth; the prepreg layer comprises a plurality of layers of prepreg cloth which are arranged in a laminated mode, or the prepreg layer comprises prepreg cloth and a second rubber layer which are arranged in an alternating laminated mode, and the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer of the prepreg layer are both prepreg cloth.
The sandwich structure rubber product of the embodiment of the invention is formed by the rubber product and the fiber cloth layer or the prepreg cloth layer, and takes the fiber cloth layer or the prepreg cloth layer as a reinforced sandwich layer.
The rubber materials adopted by the upper surface rubber layer, the lower surface rubber layer, the first rubber layer and the second rubber layer have wider optional range, and preferably, the rubber materials adopted by the upper surface rubber layer and/or the lower surface rubber layer and/or the first rubber layer and/or the second rubber layer are at least one of nitrile rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, silicon rubber and hydrogenated nitrile rubber.
In the fiber cloth layer, the fiber cloth specific material has a wider optional range, and preferably, the fiber cloth is at least one of alkali-free glass fiber cloth, high silica fiber cloth, quartz fiber cloth and carbon fiber cloth, wherein the alkali-free glass fiber cloth can be specifically square grid cloth, mesh cloth and the like.
The resin material in the prepreg layer may be any of various conventional resin materials used in the current resin-based composite materials, and preferably, the resin material in the prepreg layer is one of phenolic resin, epoxy resin, a mixture of epoxy resin and phenolic resin, and a mixture of polyamide resin and epoxy resin.
In the prepreg layer, the reinforcing material may be various conventional reinforcing materials used in the current resin matrix composite, preferably, the reinforcing material in the prepreg layer is at least one of alkali-free glass fiber cloth, high silica fiber cloth, quartz fiber cloth and carbon fiber cloth, wherein the alkali-free glass fiber cloth may be square grid cloth, mesh cloth and the like.
The sandwich structure rubber product of the embodiment of the invention is a sandwich structure formed by the rubber product and the fiber cloth layer or the prepreg cloth layer, the rubber product takes butyronitrile, ethylene propylene diene monomer, silicone rubber and modified rubber thereof as main materials, the fiber cloth layer or the prepreg cloth layer is a reinforced sandwich layer, the prepreg cloth is used as a reinforcing material with high strength requirement, and the prepreg cloth resin can be thermosetting resin such as epoxy, epoxy phenolic aldehyde, phenolic aldehyde and the like.
The thickness collocation of the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer and the lower surface rubber layer is wider in optional range, and can be adjusted according to actual requirements. Preferably, the thickness ratio of the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer, and the lower surface rubber layer is 1: (0.75-1): 1. the rubber layers on the upper surface and the lower surface are too thick, the rubberized fabric is easy to wrap gas in the product pressing process, residual gas in the product vulcanizing process is not easy to exhaust, the strength and the appearance of the product are affected, the reinforcing layer is too thick, the rubber layer on the outer surface is thin, the surface is easy to expose the reinforcing material, the appearance and the overall performance of the product are affected, and experimental research shows that when the thickness ratio is adopted, bubbles are not easy to appear in the product, the appearance is not easy to expose fibers, the uniformity of the thickness of each layer of the product after dissection is good, and the yield of the product is improved by more than 30%.
The second aspect of the invention provides a method for preparing the rubber product with the sandwich structure, which comprises the following steps:
s1, splitting the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer and the lower surface rubber layer of a rubber product according to the pressure-resistant requirement of the product, determining the thickness of a rubber green sheet of the upper surface rubber layer and the lower surface rubber layer, and determining the material, the structure and the thickness of the reinforcing layer;
s2, prefabricating the enhancement layer according to the determined material, structure and thickness of the enhancement layer to obtain a prefabricated enhancement layer;
s3, carrying out theoretical parting on the structural shapes of the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer and the lower surface rubber layer according to the shape of the product to obtain a molding template;
s4, cutting the rubber green sheet of the upper surface rubber layer, the rubber green sheet of the lower surface rubber layer and the prefabricated reinforcing layer according to the shape of the molding template;
s5, loading the rubber green sheets of the lower surface rubber layer, the prefabricated reinforcing layer and the rubber green sheets of the upper surface rubber layer into the molding template;
s6, closing the molding template, pressurizing until the closing seam is zero, and curing to obtain the rubber product with the sandwich structure.
The preparation method of the rubber product with the sandwich structure mainly comprises the steps of split design according to the pressure-resistant requirement of the product, fractal design of the upper surface rubber layer, the lower surface rubber layer and the reinforcing layer according to the shape of the product, prefabrication of the reinforcing layer structure, and integral rapid compression molding of the reinforcing layer and the upper surface rubber layer, wherein the reinforcing layer in the sandwich structure is prefabricated and then fractal, so that the sandwich structure is complete and is completely covered by the upper surface rubber layer and the lower surface rubber layer, and the consistency of the appearance and the internal quality of the product is ensured; and the whole body is molded quickly, so that the production efficiency is improved and the production cost is reduced on the premise of ensuring the quality.
In some embodiments, when the product requires a compressive strength of less than 1MPa, pure fiber cloth reinforcement is used, and when the product requires a compressive strength of greater than 1MPa, prepreg cloth reinforcement is used.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the rubber green sheet of the upper and lower surface rubber layers is increased by 30% -40%, and thus, the thickness of the rubber green sheet of the upper surface rubber layer is 130% -140% of the thickness of the upper surface rubber layer; the thickness of the rubber green sheet of the lower surface rubber layer is 130% -140% of the thickness of the lower surface rubber layer. When the thickness of the rubber material does not meet the requirement, a rubber mixing machine is required to grind the raw rubber sheet in advance to prepare the required thickness.
In some embodiments, in step S2, prefabricating the enhancement layer specifically includes: and according to the set reinforcing layer structure, laminating the materials of the reinforcing layer on a press, and pressing to a set thickness to obtain the prefabricated reinforcing layer, wherein the temperature of the press is 80-100 ℃, and the pressing time is 10-120min/mm. Further, when in prefabrication, a proper steel plate is selected to be placed on a press, a lamination block is pressed on four sides to ensure the thickness, a sandwich structure to be pressed is placed on the press, and a layer of steel plate is placed on the press to be pressed.
In some embodiments, step S3 is specifically: and carrying out theoretical parting on the structural shapes of the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer and the lower surface rubber layer by adopting a solidworks or PRO/E software according to the shape of the product to obtain a molding template. In the actual production process, the shape of the template of the product can be adjusted according to the conditions of die filling and pressing, and the production requirement is met.
In some embodiments, further comprising heating the forming die plate to 140-160 ℃ and maintaining the temperature for more than 30 minutes before step S5.
In some embodiments, step S5 is specifically: placing the rubber green sheet of the parting cut lower surface rubber layer into a mold, aligning all edges when placing the rubber green sheet into the mold, and slightly pressing the rubber green sheet along with the shape of the mold; then placing the prefabricated reinforcing layer, wherein the shearing edge of the prefabricated reinforcing layer and the shearing edge of the rubber green sheet of the rubber layer on the lower surface are staggered, and the light pressure is formed along with the shape of the die; finally, the prepared rubber green sheet with the upper surface rubber layer is put in, the shearing edge of the rubber green sheet is staggered with the shearing edge of the prefabricated reinforcing layer, the light pressure and the die follow the shape, and the die filling operation time is controlled to be 1-2min.
In some embodiments, in step S6, the curing temperature is 140-160 ℃, the holding time is t= (30±10) min/mm×d, where t is the holding time and d is the thickness of the rubber article.
In some embodiments, in step S6, the mold is closed and then pressurized to a complete mold, and the pressurizing and pressure releasing processes are repeated for 7-10 times continuously until the rattle of the product is increased from large to small, and continuously to occasionally occur.
In some embodiments, step S0 is further performed after step S1, and a mold design is performed, where a rubber outlet groove of the rubber is considered in the mold design, so that the excess rubber can flow out; the die can be provided with a heating device and can be heated by an electric heating plate; when the die is processed after being manufactured, the die is required to be processed in place, so that the surface is smooth, the die is easy to be demolded, and if the die sticking phenomenon occurs in the production process, the die is required to be processed again.
In some embodiments, step S7 is also performed after step S6, the product is demolded, and partial edge trimming is performed. When the product is demolded at the forming temperature, the edge is cut by the blade, and the product is slowly pried down by the copper sheet, and as the rubber is softer at the high temperature, the demolding operation is noted, and the appearance defect is easy to occur due to improper operation.
Examples
Example 1
The plugging cover product with the thickness of 3mm and the pressure resistance of 3-4MPa is prepared in the embodiment.
The preparation method of the rubber product with the sandwich structure comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the pressure-resistant requirement of a product, splitting the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer and the lower surface rubber layer of a rubber product, and determining that the thicknesses of the upper surface layer, the lower surface layer and the reinforcing layer are distributed to be 1mm, 1mm and 1mm; the upper surface rubber layer and the lower surface rubber layer are made of nitrile rubber, and the thickness of the rubber green sheet is 1.3-1.4mm; the reinforcing layer is a plurality of layers of prepreg cloth which are arranged in a laminated way, and the prepreg cloth is epoxy resin and phenolic resin mixed resin-based high-strength glass fiber prepreg cloth with the thickness of 0.2 mm;
s2, according to a set reinforcing layer structure, laminating and arranging materials of the reinforcing layer on a press, and pressing to a set thickness to obtain the prefabricated reinforcing layer, wherein the temperature of the press is 90 ℃, and the pressing time is 15min to obtain the prefabricated reinforcing layer;
s3, carrying out theoretical parting on the structural shapes of the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer and the lower surface rubber layer by adopting a solidworks or PRO/E software according to the shape of a product to obtain a molding template;
s4, cutting the rubber green sheet of the upper surface rubber layer, the rubber green sheet of the lower surface rubber layer and the prefabricated reinforcing layer according to the shape of the molding template;
s5, heating the molding template to 150 ℃, preserving heat for more than 30min, opening the mold, firstly placing the prepared rubber green sheet with the lower surface rubber layer into the mold, shearing the edge for butt joint, and carrying out local material supplementing on the place with the material shortage, and lightly touching the mold with a copper plate to enable the mold to follow the shape as much as possible; then the prepared prefabricated reinforcing layer is put in, the shearing edge is staggered with the shearing edge of the rubber green sheet of the rubber layer on the lower surface, and the copper plate is lightly touched to enable the rubber green sheet to be shaped with the die as much as possible; finally, placing the prepared rubber green sheet of the upper surface rubber layer, operating the same as the rubber green sheet of the lower surface rubber layer, staggering the shearing edge and the shearing edge of the prefabricated reinforcing layer, and controlling the die-filling operation time to be 1-2min along with the shape of the light press;
s6, closing the molding template, closing the mold when the pressure is increased by 10MPa, repeatedly adding pressure for 8 times, curing and molding, wherein the curing temperature is 150 ℃, and preserving the heat for 1.5 hours;
s7, opening the die at the forming temperature, scratching the edge of the product and the die connecting sheet by using a blade, slightly touching and demolding the copper sheet, cooling the product to room temperature, and shearing off redundant burrs on the edge to obtain the rubber product with the sandwich structure.
This example was repeated 3 times to obtain 3 products.
And the products after demolding are subjected to pressure test, wherein the pressure is (3.6-3.8) MPa, the pressure consistency is good, and the index requirements are met.
Example 2
The plugging cover product with the thickness of 2mm and the pressure resistance of 0.5-1MPa is prepared in the embodiment.
The preparation method of the rubber product with the sandwich structure comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the pressure-resistant requirement of a product, splitting the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer and the lower surface rubber layer of a rubber product, and determining that the thickness distribution of the upper surface layer, the lower surface layer and the reinforcing layer is 0.7mm, 0.6mm and 0.7mm; the upper surface rubber layer and the lower surface rubber layer are made of nitrile rubber, and the thickness of the rubber green sheet is 0.9-1.0mm; the reinforcing layer is formed by stacking 0.1mm alkali-free glass fiber cloth and 1.0mm nitrile rubber layer, and specifically has a structure of alkali-free glass cloth, rubber layer, alkali-free glass cloth, rubber layer and alkali-free glass cloth;
s2, according to a set reinforcing layer structure, laminating and arranging materials of the reinforcing layer on a press, and pressing to a set thickness to obtain the prefabricated reinforcing layer, wherein the temperature of the press is 90 ℃, and the pressing time is 10 minutes to obtain the prefabricated reinforcing layer with the thickness of 0.6 mm;
s3, carrying out theoretical parting on the structural shapes of the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer and the lower surface rubber layer by adopting a solidworks or PRO/E software according to the shape of a product to obtain a molding template;
s4, cutting the rubber green sheet of the upper surface rubber layer, the rubber green sheet of the lower surface rubber layer and the prefabricated reinforcing layer according to the shape of the molding template;
s5, heating the molding template to 150 ℃, preserving heat for more than 30min, opening the mold, firstly placing the prepared rubber green sheet with the lower surface rubber layer into the mold, shearing the edge for butt joint, and carrying out local material supplementing on the place with the material shortage, and lightly touching the mold with a copper plate to enable the mold to follow the shape as much as possible; then the prepared prefabricated reinforcing layer is put in, the shearing edge is staggered with the shearing edge of the rubber green sheet of the rubber layer on the lower surface, and the copper plate is lightly touched to enable the rubber green sheet to be shaped with the die as much as possible; finally, placing the prepared rubber green sheet of the upper surface rubber layer, operating the same as the rubber green sheet of the lower surface rubber layer, staggering the shearing edge and the shearing edge of the prefabricated reinforcing layer, and controlling the die-filling operation time to be 1-2min along with the shape of the light press;
s6, closing the molding template, closing the mold when the pressure is increased to 9MPa, repeatedly adding pressure for 7 times, curing and molding, wherein the curing temperature is 150 ℃, and preserving the heat for 1.5 hours;
s7, opening the die at the forming temperature, scratching the edge of the product and the die connecting sheet by using a blade, slightly touching and demolding the copper sheet, cooling the product to room temperature, and shearing off redundant burrs on the edge to obtain the rubber product with the sandwich structure.
This example was repeated 3 times to obtain 3 products. And the products after demolding are subjected to pressure test, wherein the pressure is (0.6-0.7) MPa, the pressure consistency is good, and the index requirements are met.
Example 3
The plugging cover product with the thickness of 3.5mm and the pressure resistance of 1-2MPa is prepared in the embodiment.
The preparation method of the rubber product with the sandwich structure comprises the following steps:
s1, splitting the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer and the lower surface rubber layer of a rubber product according to the pressure-resistant requirement of the product, wherein the upper surface rubber layer and the lower surface rubber layer are made of nitrile rubber, the reinforcing layer is made of phenolic resin-based high silica cloth prepreg cloth which is arranged in a laminated mode, the thickness distribution of the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer and the lower surface rubber layer is 1.25mm, 1mm and 1.25mm, and the thicknesses of the upper surface rubber green sheet and the lower surface rubber green sheet are 1.3-1.4mm; the reinforcing layer is specifically 2 layers of phenolic resin-based high silica cloth prepreg cloth;
s2, according to a set reinforcing layer structure, laminating and arranging materials of the reinforcing layer on a press, and pressing to a set thickness to obtain the prefabricated reinforcing layer, wherein the temperature of the press is 90 ℃, and the pressing time is 20min to obtain the prefabricated reinforcing layer with the thickness of 1.5 mm;
s3, carrying out theoretical parting on the structural shapes of the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer and the lower surface rubber layer by adopting a solidworks or PRO/E software according to the shape of a product to obtain a molding template;
s4, cutting the rubber green sheet of the upper surface rubber layer, the rubber green sheet of the lower surface rubber layer and the prefabricated reinforcing layer according to the shape of the molding template;
s5, heating the molding template to 150 ℃, preserving heat for more than 30min, opening the mold, firstly placing the prepared rubber green sheet with the lower surface rubber layer into the mold, shearing the edge for butt joint, and carrying out local material supplementing on the place with the material shortage, and lightly touching the mold with a copper plate to enable the mold to follow the shape as much as possible; then the prepared prefabricated reinforcing layer is put in, the shearing edge is staggered with the shearing edge of the rubber green sheet of the rubber layer on the lower surface, and the copper plate is lightly touched to enable the rubber green sheet to be shaped with the die as much as possible; finally, placing the prepared rubber green sheet of the upper surface rubber layer, operating the same as the rubber green sheet of the lower surface rubber layer, staggering the shearing edge and the shearing edge of the prefabricated reinforcing layer, and controlling the die-filling operation time to be 1-2min along with the shape of the light press;
s6, closing the molding template, closing the mold when the pressure is increased to 9MPa, repeatedly adding pressure for 7 times, curing and molding, wherein the curing temperature is 150 ℃, and preserving the heat for 1.5 hours;
s7, opening the die at the forming temperature, scratching the edge of the product and the die connecting sheet by using a blade, slightly touching and demolding the copper sheet, cooling the product to room temperature, and shearing off redundant burrs on the edge to obtain the rubber product with the sandwich structure.
This example was repeated 3 times to obtain 3 products.
And the products after demolding are subjected to a pressing test, the pressure is (1.7-1.8) MPa, the pressure consistency is good, and the index requirements are met.
Example 4
The blanking cover product of this example was identical to the preparation method and the rest of the structure of example 1, except that the thickness distribution of the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer, and the lower surface rubber layer was 0.75mm, 1.5mm, and 0.75mm.
Example 5
The blanking cover product of this example was identical to the preparation method and the rest of the structure of example 1, except that the thickness distribution of the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer, and the lower surface rubber layer was 1.2mm, 0.6mm, and 1.2mm.
Comparative example 1
The selection, thickness, etc. of the 3-layer material used in this comparative example were the same as those of example 1, except that in the preparation method, the reinforcing layer was not preformed (step S2), but directly laminated with the upper surface rubber layer green sheet and the lower surface rubber layer green sheet, and compression molded. When the comparative example is demolded, the interlayer material overflows locally at the edge, the appearance of the produced product is locally exposed or obvious that the surface rubber layer is thin, the appearance consistency is poor, but after the compression test is carried out, the pressure is 3.4-3.8MPa, and the pressure and the prefabrication are different, but the difference is not great.
Comparative example 2
The selection, thickness and the like of the 3 layers of materials adopted in the comparative example are the same as those of the example 1, except that in the preparation method, the reinforcing material layers are not prefabricated (step S2), the upper surface layer rubber, the lower surface layer rubber and the sandwich structure are not subjected to fractal cutting (step S4), more sandwich materials overflow at the edge during demolding, the sandwich materials are exposed at the appearance part, the respective penetration is realized, the appearance consistency is poor, the pressure is 2.6-3.4MPa after the pressing test, and the pressure bearing difference is large.
The data of the pressing test of the plugging products obtained in the examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0004012926770000111
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A sandwich structured rubber article characterized by:
comprises an upper surface rubber layer, a reinforcing layer and a lower surface rubber layer which are sequentially laminated; the reinforcing layer is a fiber cloth layer or a presoaked cloth layer; the fiber cloth layer comprises fiber cloth and a first rubber layer which are alternately laminated, and the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer of the fiber cloth layer are both fiber cloth; the prepreg layer comprises a plurality of layers of prepreg cloth which are arranged in a laminated mode, or the prepreg layer comprises prepreg cloth and a second rubber layer which are arranged in an alternating laminated mode, and the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer of the prepreg layer are both prepreg cloth.
2. The sandwich structured rubber article of claim 1, wherein:
the rubber material adopted by the upper surface rubber layer and/or the lower surface rubber layer and/or the first rubber layer and/or the second rubber layer is at least one of nitrile rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, silicon rubber and hydrogenated nitrile rubber;
the fiber cloth is at least one of alkali-free glass fiber cloth, high silica fiber cloth, quartz fiber cloth and carbon fiber cloth;
the resin material in the prepreg is one of phenolic resin, epoxy resin, mixture of epoxy resin and phenolic resin, polyamide resin and mixture of epoxy resin and polyamide resin;
the reinforcing material in the prepreg cloth is at least one of alkali-free glass fiber cloth, high silica fiber cloth, quartz fiber cloth and carbon fiber cloth.
3. The sandwich structured rubber article of claim 1, wherein:
the thickness ratio of the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer and the lower surface rubber layer is 1: (0.75-1): 1.
4. a method of producing a sandwich structured rubber article according to any one of claims 1-3, comprising the steps of:
s1, splitting the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer and the lower surface rubber layer of a rubber product according to the pressure-resistant requirement of the product, determining the thickness of a rubber green sheet of the upper surface rubber layer and the lower surface rubber layer, and determining the material, the structure and the thickness of the reinforcing layer;
s2, prefabricating the enhancement layer according to the determined material, structure and thickness of the enhancement layer to obtain a prefabricated enhancement layer;
s3, carrying out theoretical parting on the structural shapes of the upper surface rubber layer, the reinforcing layer and the lower surface rubber layer according to the shape of the product to obtain a molding template;
s4, cutting the rubber green sheet of the upper surface rubber layer, the rubber green sheet of the lower surface rubber layer and the prefabricated reinforcing layer according to the shape of the molding template;
s5, loading the rubber green sheets of the lower surface rubber layer, the prefabricated reinforcing layer and the rubber green sheets of the upper surface rubber layer into the molding template;
s6, closing the molding template, pressurizing and curing to obtain the rubber product with the sandwich structure.
5. The method of manufacturing according to claim 4, wherein:
the thickness of the rubber green sheet of the upper surface rubber layer is 130% -140% of the thickness of the upper surface rubber layer; the thickness of the rubber green sheet of the lower surface rubber layer is 130% -140% of the thickness of the lower surface rubber layer.
6. The method of manufacturing according to claim 4, wherein:
in step S2, prefabricating the enhancement layer specifically includes: and according to the set reinforcing layer structure, laminating the materials of the reinforcing layer on a press, and pressing to a set thickness to obtain the prefabricated reinforcing layer, wherein the temperature of the press is 80-100 ℃, and the pressing time is 10-120min/mm.
7. The method of manufacturing according to claim 4, wherein:
and before the step S5, heating the molding template to 140-160 ℃, and preserving heat for more than 30 min.
8. The method of manufacturing according to claim 4, wherein:
in the step S6, the curing temperature is 140-160 ℃, the heat preservation time is t= (30+/-10) min/mm d, wherein t is the heat preservation time, and d is the thickness of the rubber product.
9. The method of manufacturing according to claim 4, wherein:
in step S5, when the rubber green sheet of the lower surface rubber layer, the pre-reinforcing layer, and the rubber green sheet of the upper surface rubber layer are incorporated, the shearing edges of the pre-reinforcing layer and the shearing edges of the rubber green sheet of the lower surface rubber layer and the rubber green sheet of the upper surface rubber layer are offset from each other.
10. The method of manufacturing according to claim 4, wherein:
in step S6, after the die is closed, the die is pressurized to be completely closed, the pressurizing and pressure releasing processes are repeated, and the continuous operation is carried out for 7-10 times.
CN202211656295.9A 2022-12-22 2022-12-22 Rubber product with sandwich structure and preparation method thereof Pending CN116176070A (en)

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