CN111873567A - Phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb interlayer composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb interlayer composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111873567A
CN111873567A CN202010763203.1A CN202010763203A CN111873567A CN 111873567 A CN111873567 A CN 111873567A CN 202010763203 A CN202010763203 A CN 202010763203A CN 111873567 A CN111873567 A CN 111873567A
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composite material
phenolic
skin
honeycomb sandwich
adhesive film
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Inventor
朱秀迪
贺靖
孙超明
田谋锋
牛芳旭
侯鑫
杨晓琳
贾晨辉
刘归
刘红影
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Beijing Composite Material Co Ltd
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Beijing Composite Material Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202010763203.1A priority Critical patent/CN111873567A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/38—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising epoxy resins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B2038/0052—Other operations not otherwise provided for
    • B32B2038/0076—Curing, vulcanising, cross-linking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0223—Vinyl resin fibres
    • B32B2262/023—Aromatic vinyl resin, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/546—Flexural strength; Flexion stiffness

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Abstract

The invention provides a phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb interlayer composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb interlayer composite material comprises a lower skin, a lower toughening layer, a lower adhesive film, a honeycomb core, an upper adhesive film, an upper toughening layer and an upper skin which are sequentially overlapped from bottom to top; the upper skin and/or the lower skin are/is a composite material skin taking phenolic resin as a matrix; the upper toughening layer and/or the lower toughening layer are/is a composite material layer taking epoxy resin as a matrix; the upper adhesive film and/or the lower adhesive film is an epoxy resin adhesive film. According to the phenolic panel honeycomb sandwich composite material and the preparation method thereof, the toughening material layer is arranged between the phenolic resin composite material skin and the honeycomb core in the co-curing lamination process, and through the design of the toughening material layer, the bonding strength between the phenolic resin composite material skin and the honeycomb core in the honeycomb sandwich composite material is effectively improved, and meanwhile, the overall rigidity of the structure is also improved.

Description

Phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb interlayer composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation, and particularly relates to a phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb interlayer composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The honeycomb sandwich structure composite material is a composite material formed by sandwiching a light honeycomb sandwich layer material between two composite material skins with higher strength. The honeycomb sandwich structure composite material has the advantages of light weight, high specific strength, high specific stiffness, designability of the structure and the like, so that the honeycomb sandwich structure composite material is concerned by the fields of aviation, aerospace and the like for a long time, and particularly is successfully applied to primary and secondary bearing members of an airplane in a large amount in the aviation industry.
At present, in the honeycomb sandwich structure composite material, a metal panel, a wood board, an epoxy system glass steel plate, a plastic plate and the like are mostly adopted for a skin layer, wherein the epoxy system glass steel plate, the plastic plate and the like have poor flame retardant property, and are easy to be ablated and damaged in certain ablation environments, so that the normal work of the product is influenced. In contrast, the phenolic resin composite panel has good ablation resistance, but a large number of small molecules are released in the curing process of the phenolic resin, so that the bonding performance between the skin layer and the honeycomb core is poor, and the application of the phenolic panel honeycomb sandwich composite material is hindered.
Chinese patent document CN106608056B discloses a method for forming a phenolic panel honeycomb sandwich structure, which adopts an autoclave process, uses phenolic resin composite material as inner and outer skins, and bonds the pre-cured skins with a honeycomb core through a glue film. However, in the technology, the reinforcing fiber prepreg tape reinforcing layer distributed in a grid shape aims to improve the structural rigidity; secondly, due to the inherent weak bonding property of the phenolic resin, debonding and bulging are easy to occur between skin layers, and the method for performing the phenolic resin prepreg cloth with low resin content and low volatile matter in multiple times adopted in the document can only ensure that the bonding strength between the phenolic resin skin and the honeycomb sandwich layer cannot be improved but not ensure that the bonding strength between the phenolic resin skin and the honeycomb sandwich layer cannot be improved.
In addition, the preparation of the honeycomb sandwich structure composite material mainly comprises an autoclave method and a compression molding method at present, wherein the autoclave process has the advantages that the quality and the stability of a molded product are good, and the molded product with a complex shape can be formed, but the cost is high. The lamination process can form products with simple administration and low cost, but the quality and stability of the formed products are poor compared with that of autoclave because the flatness, parallelism, temperature uniformity and the like of the hot plate of the press directly influence the quality of the products besides the common pressure, temperature and time critical characteristics in the lamination process.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a phenolic panel honeycomb sandwich composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein a toughening material layer is arranged between a phenolic resin composite material skin and a honeycomb core, so that the bonding strength between the phenolic resin composite material skin and the honeycomb core in the honeycomb sandwich composite material is effectively improved through the arrangement of the toughening material layer, and the integral rigidity of the structure is also improved.
In order to solve the above problems, an aspect of the present invention provides a phenolic panel honeycomb sandwich composite material, characterized in that:
the honeycomb core is sequentially overlapped from bottom to top and comprises a lower skin, a lower toughening layer, a lower adhesive film, a honeycomb core, an upper adhesive film, an upper toughening layer and an upper skin; the upper skin and/or the lower skin are/is a composite material skin taking phenolic resin as a matrix; the upper toughening layer and/or the lower toughening layer are/is a composite material layer taking epoxy resin as a matrix; the upper adhesive film and/or the lower adhesive film is an epoxy resin adhesive film.
Preferably, the upper toughening layer and/or the lower toughening layer are/is a composite material with non-unidirectional epoxy resin as a matrix.
Preferably, the reinforcing material of the upper toughening layer and/or the lower toughening layer is one or a mixture of glass fiber, carbon fiber and aramid fiber.
Preferably, the content of the epoxy resin in the upper toughening layer and/or the lower toughening layer is 30% -50%.
Preferably, the content of the phenolic resin in the upper skin and/or the lower skin is 30% -50%.
Preferably, the reinforcing material of the upper skin and/or the lower skin is glass fiber.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,the surface weight of the upper adhesive film and/or the lower adhesive film is 100-300g/m2。
Preferably, the honeycomb core is an aramid honeycomb core.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above phenolic panel honeycomb sandwich composite material, comprising the following steps:
s1, sequentially superposing a lower demolding material, a prepreg of a lower skin, a prepreg of a lower toughening layer, a lower adhesive film, a honeycomb core, an upper adhesive film, a prepreg of an upper toughening layer, a prepreg of an upper skin and an upper demolding material from bottom to top to form a honeycomb sandwich structure;
and S2, carrying out structural lamination on the honeycomb sandwich layer formed in the step S1 to obtain the phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material.
According to the phenolic panel honeycomb sandwich composite material and the preparation method thereof, the epoxy resin composite material toughening layer is additionally arranged between the phenolic resin skin and the honeycomb core, and the epoxy resin prepreg of the toughening layer can form a good interface effect with the epoxy adhesive film and the phenolic resin prepreg skin, so that the bonding strength between the skin layer and the honeycomb core is greatly improved. Secondly, after the bonding performance between the honeycomb core and the skin is improved, the skin and the honeycomb core can achieve efficient synergistic effect when a bending performance test is carried out, and therefore the overall rigidity of the sandwich structure is improved.
Preferably, the lower release material and/or the upper release material is a release film or a release cloth.
Preferably, the material of the isolation film is one of polypropylene, polyester and polytetrafluoroethylene.
Preferably, the material of the demoulding cloth is one of nylon, polyester and polytetrafluoroethylene.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps before the step S2:
s2a, arranging thickness limiting blocks with the same height on the periphery of the honeycomb sandwich structure obtained in the step S1, wherein the thickness limiting blocks are arranged between the upper demolding material and the lower demolding material.
According to the invention, the thickness limiting blocks are arranged around the honeycomb sandwich structure, so that the honeycomb core is prevented from collapsing, and the thickness deviation of the product is reduced.
Preferably, the material of the thickness limiting block is a material with a low thermal expansion coefficient, and can be metal or nonmetal.
Preferably, the curing temperature during the compression molding in step S2 is 150-.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the phenolic panel honeycomb sandwich composite material and the preparation method thereof, the epoxy resin composite material toughening layer is additionally arranged between the phenolic resin skin and the honeycomb core, the epoxy resin prepreg of the toughening layer can form a good interface effect with the epoxy adhesive film and the phenolic resin prepreg skin, the bonding strength between the skin layer and the honeycomb core is greatly improved, and the epoxy resin composite material toughening layer can also improve the overall rigidity of the honeycomb sandwich composite material; according to the phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material and the preparation method thereof, the thickness limiting blocks are arranged on the periphery of the honeycomb sandwich structure, so that the honeycomb core is prevented from collapsing, and the thickness deviation of the product is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of each laminate in the method for preparing a phenolic faceplates honeycomb sandwich composite material of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a roll stripped phenolic faceplate honeycomb sandwich composite prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a roll-peeled phenolic facesheet honeycomb sandwich composite prepared in comparative example 1.
Wherein: 1-lower skin; 2-lower toughening layer; 3, coating a glue film; 4-a honeycomb core; 5, coating a glue film; 6-upper toughening layer; 7-upper skin; 8-lower demoulding material; 9-loading a demoulding material; 10-a lower press plate; 11-an upper platen; 12-thickness limiting block.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following examples, the epoxy resin film was obtained from Xin science and technology, Inc. of Harbin, model No. J-69C; glass fiber was purchased from Nanjing glass fiber research design institute, Inc., non-unidirectional glass fiber prepreg, non-unidirectional carbon fiber prepreg, and non-unidirectional aramid fiber prepreg were purchased from Weihaiguanwei composite materials, Inc. It should be noted that the above-mentioned raw material sources are only examples, and the actual selection is not unique, and those skilled in the art can also purchase products of other manufacturers and specifications according to the actual situation, and the implementation of the technical effects of the present invention is not affected by the products of different manufacturers and specifications.
Example 1
The phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material comprises a lower skin 1, a lower toughening layer 2, a lower adhesive film 3, a honeycomb core 4, an upper adhesive film 5, an upper toughening layer 6 and an upper skin 7 which are sequentially overlapped from bottom to top as shown in fig. 1;
the upper skin 7 and the lower skin 1 are phenolic resin composite material layers with the thickness of 1.6mm, wherein the content of the resin material is 30 percent, the resin material is phenolic resin, the content of volatile matters in the resin material is less than or equal to 8 percent, and the reinforcing material is glass fiber;
the upper toughening layer 6 and the lower toughening layer 2 are non-unidirectional epoxy resin composite material layers with the thickness of 0.1mm, wherein the content of the resin material is 30%, the resin material is epoxy resin, and the reinforcing material is non-unidirectional glass fiber;
the upper adhesive film 5 and the lower adhesive film 3 are epoxy resin adhesive films, and the thickness is 200g/m2；
The honeycomb core 4 is made of aramid fiber honeycomb core, the thickness is 11mm, and the density is 144 kg/m3。
The preparation method of the phenolic panel honeycomb sandwich composite material of the embodiment is as follows:
1. preparing phenolic resin prepregs of the upper skin and the lower skin according to the selected resin content;
2. preparing epoxy resin prepregs of the upper toughening layer and the lower toughening layer according to the selected resin content;
3. performing phenolic resin prepreg on the upper skin and the lower skin according to the selected size; epoxy resin prepregs of the upper toughening layer and the lower toughening layer; coating an adhesive film and discharging the adhesive film; cutting the honeycomb core;
4. sequentially paving a lower demolding material 8, a prepreg of a lower skin 1, a prepreg of a lower toughening layer 2, a lower adhesive film 3, a honeycomb core 4, an upper adhesive film 5, a prepreg of an upper toughening layer 6, a prepreg of an upper skin 7, an upper demolding material 9 and an upper pressing plate 11 on a lower pressing plate 10 of a molding press from bottom to top to form a honeycomb sandwich structure;
5. the thickness limiting blocks 12 are arranged around the honeycomb sandwich structure, are arranged between the lower demoulding material and the upper demoulding material, are 12.7mm in height and 50mm in width, have the length which is 0.8 times of the corresponding side length of the honeycomb sandwich structure, and are made of epoxy resin glass fiber reinforced plastics;
6. closing the die, curing, raising the temperature to 150 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, and curing for 240min at the curing pressure of 0.7 MPa;
7. and naturally cooling to below 60 ℃ and demoulding to obtain the phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material.
Wherein, lower drawing of patterns material, last drawing of patterns material are polypropylene sclausura barrier film, and thickness is 60 um.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the upper skin and the lower skin are phenolic resin composite material layers, the thickness is 2.0mm, the content of the resin material is 50%, the content of volatile matters in the resin material is less than or equal to 8%, the resin material is phenolic resin, and the reinforcing material is glass fiber;
the upper toughening layer and the lower toughening layer are non-unidirectional epoxy resin composite material layers with the thickness of 0.2mm, wherein the content of the resin material is 50%, the resin material is epoxy resin, and the reinforcing material is non-unidirectional carbon fiber;
the upper adhesive film and the lower adhesive film are epoxy resin adhesive films with the surface weight of 300g/m2；
The honeycomb core is made of aramid fiber, the thickness of the core is 15mm, and the density of the core is 196 kg/m3。
The rest steps of the preparation method of the phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material of the embodiment are the same as those of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that the height of the thickness limiting blocks arranged around the honeycomb sandwich structure is 17.2 mm; the curing condition is that the temperature is increased to 180 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min and the curing is carried out for 60min, and the curing pressure is 1 MPa.
Example 3
In the embodiment, the upper skin and the lower skin are phenolic resin composite material layers, the thickness is 3mm, the content of the resin material is 40%, the content of volatile matters in the resin material is less than or equal to 8%, the resin material is phenolic resin, and the reinforcing material is glass fiber;
the upper toughening layer and the lower toughening layer are non-unidirectional epoxy resin composite material layers, the thickness is 0.2mm, the content of the resin material is 40%, the resin material is epoxy resin, and the reinforcing material is non-unidirectional aramid fiber;
the upper adhesive film and the lower adhesive film are epoxy resin adhesive films with the surface weight of 150g/m2；
The honeycomb core is made of aramid fiber, has a thickness of 20mm and a density of 32 kg/m3。
The rest steps of the preparation method of the phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material of the embodiment are the same as those of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that the height of the thickness limiting blocks arranged around the honeycomb sandwich structure is 23.2 mm; the curing condition is that the temperature is increased to 160 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min and the curing is carried out for 180min, and the curing pressure is 0.2 MPa.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material in the embodiment 1, the phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material of the comparative example is not provided with a lower toughening layer and an upper toughening layer, and comprises a lower skin, a lower adhesive film, a honeycomb core, an upper adhesive film and an upper skin which are sequentially overlapped from bottom to top;
the specific materials and thicknesses of the upper skin, the lower skin, the upper adhesive film, the lower adhesive film and the honeycomb core are the same as those in embodiment 1.
The preparation method of the phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material of the comparative example is as follows:
1. preparing phenolic resin prepregs of the upper skin and the lower skin according to the selected resin content;
2. performing phenolic resin prepreg on the upper skin and the lower skin according to the selected size; coating an adhesive film and discharging the adhesive film; cutting the honeycomb core;
3. sequentially overlapping a lower isolating film, a prepreg of a lower skin, a lower adhesive film, a honeycomb core, an upper adhesive film, a prepreg of an upper skin and an upper isolating film on a molding press from bottom to top to form a honeycomb sandwich structure;
4. the thickness limiting blocks are arranged around the honeycomb sandwich structure, and the height of each thickness limiting block is 12.7 mm;
5. closing the die, curing, raising the temperature to 150 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, and curing for 240min at the curing pressure of 0.7 MPa;
6. naturally cooling to below 60 ℃ and demoulding to obtain the phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material of the comparative example.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example adopts a forming method of a phenolic panel honeycomb sandwich structural member with the patent number of CN106608056B to prepare the phenolic panel honeycomb sandwich composite material.
The phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material comprises a lower skin, a lower reinforcing fiber prepreg tape, a lower adhesive film, a honeycomb core, an upper adhesive film and an upper skin which are sequentially overlapped from bottom to top;
the specific materials and thicknesses of the upper skin, the lower skin, the upper adhesive film, the lower adhesive film and the honeycomb core are the same as those in the embodiment 1; the specific material and thickness of the reinforcing fiber prepreg tape are the same as those of the toughening layer in example 1.
The preparation method of the phenolic panel honeycomb sandwich composite material of the embodiment is as follows:
1. preparing phenolic resin prepregs of the upper skin and the lower skin according to the selected resin content;
2. performing phenolic resin prepreg on the upper skin and the lower skin according to the selected size; coating an adhesive film and discharging the adhesive film; cutting the honeycomb core;
3. and pre-curing the upper skin and the lower skin. Preheating a mould at 40 ℃, preserving heat for 40min, paving the phenolic resin prepreg of the upper skin and the lower skin on the mould, and paving the phenolic resin prepreg to the required thickness and weight; paving a breathable material and a vacuum bag on the surface of the paved skin; vacuumizing the mold and the layered bag vacuum product in a hot-pressing tank, and pressurizing for precuring; wherein the pre-curing temperature is 120 ℃, the time is 1h, and the pressure is 0.7 MPa; removing the vacuum bag and the air-permeable material to obtain an upper skin and a lower skin which are preformed;
4. a reinforcement fiber prepreg tape ply. And paving a reinforcing fiber prepreg tape with the width of 10mm on the preformed lower skin, and paving and pasting the reinforcing fiber prepreg tape in a grid shape to form a reinforcing layer of the reinforcing fiber prepreg tape.
5. Sequentially overlapping and laying a preformed lower skin, a preformed lower adhesive film and a preformed honeycomb core provided with a reinforcing fiber prepreg tape, laying a breathable material on the laid surface, and wrapping a vacuum bag; vacuumizing the mold and the layered bag vacuum product in a hot-pressing tank, and pressurizing for precuring; wherein the pre-curing temperature is 120 ℃, the time is 1h, and the pressure is 0.7 MPa; and removing the vacuum bag and the air-permeable material.
6. Then, paving a glue film, the pre-cured upper skin and layers which need to be added on the upper skin to form a honeycomb sandwich structure;
7. paving the suction glue, the air-permeable material and the vacuum bag on the surface of the added upper skin, vacuumizing the mould and the vacuum product of the paving bag in a hot-pressing tank, heating, pressurizing and curing at the curing temperature of 150 ℃, the curing time of 240min and the pressure of 0.7 MPa;
8. and demolding, and removing the vacuum bag and the air permeable material to obtain the phenolic panel honeycomb sandwich material.
Cylinder peel strength and rigidity test of phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material
The roller peel strength and the bending performance of the phenolic panel honeycomb sandwich composite materials obtained in the above examples and comparative examples are measured, and the roller peel strength test is according to the standard ASTM D1781; the flexural properties were tested according to standard astm c393 with the test results shown in table 1 and the failure form diagrams shown in figures 2 and 3. FIG. 2 is a diagram of a product obtained by peeling a phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material prepared in example 1 by a roller, FIG. 3 is a diagram of a product obtained by peeling a phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material prepared in comparative example 1 by a roller, and it can be seen from the diagram that the peeling failure mode of the phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material prepared in the invention is mainly between adhesive films; the stripping failure mode of the phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material prepared by the traditional method is mainly between phenolic aldehyde resins of the panels, so that the bonding property is weaker. The test results in table 1 show that the drum peel strength of the phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material prepared by the invention is much higher than that of the phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite materials prepared in comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, and the bonding strength between the phenolic aldehyde resin skin and the honeycomb core of the phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material is stronger; compared with the phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite materials of the comparative examples 1 and 2, the phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material prepared by the invention has higher bending load and lower bending deflection, and the interface bonding strength is improved and the rigidity performance is better.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002613659310000081
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material is characterized in that:
the honeycomb core is sequentially overlapped from bottom to top and comprises a lower skin, a lower toughening layer, a lower adhesive film, a honeycomb core, an upper adhesive film, an upper toughening layer and an upper skin; the upper skin and/or the lower skin are/is a composite material skin taking phenolic resin as a matrix; the upper toughening layer and/or the lower toughening layer are/is a composite material layer taking epoxy resin as a matrix; the upper adhesive film and/or the lower adhesive film is an epoxy resin adhesive film.
2. The phenolic faceplate honeycomb sandwich composite material of claim 1, wherein:
the reinforcing material of the upper toughening layer and/or the lower toughening layer is one or a mixture of glass fiber, carbon fiber and aramid fiber.
3. The phenolic faceplate honeycomb sandwich composite material of claim 2, wherein:
the content of the epoxy resin in the upper toughening layer and/or the lower toughening layer is 30-50%.
4. The phenolic faceplate honeycomb sandwich composite material of claim 1, wherein:
the content of the phenolic resin in the upper skin and/or the lower skin is 30-50%.
5. The phenolic faceplate honeycomb sandwich composite material of claim 1, wherein:
the surface weight of the upper adhesive film and/or the lower adhesive film is 100-300g/m2。
6. The phenolic faceplate honeycomb sandwich composite material of claim 1, wherein:
the honeycomb core is aramid fiber honeycomb core.
7. A method of making a phenolic facesheet honeycomb sandwich composite material according to any of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
s1, sequentially superposing a lower demolding material, a prepreg of a lower skin, a prepreg of a lower toughening layer, a lower adhesive film, a honeycomb core, an upper adhesive film, a prepreg of an upper toughening layer, a prepreg of an upper skin and an upper demolding material from bottom to top to form a honeycomb sandwich structure;
and S2, carrying out structural lamination on the honeycomb sandwich layer formed in the step S1 to obtain the phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb sandwich composite material.
8. The method of making a phenolic faceplate honeycomb sandwich composite material of claim 7, further comprising performing the following steps prior to step S2:
s2a, arranging thickness limiting blocks with the same height on the periphery of the honeycomb sandwich structure obtained in the step S1, wherein the thickness limiting blocks are arranged between the upper demolding material and the lower demolding material.
9. The method of making a phenolic faceplate honeycomb sandwich composite material of claim 7, wherein:
in the step S2, the curing temperature during lamination molding is 150-.
10. The method of making a phenolic faceplate honeycomb sandwich composite material of claim 7, wherein:
the lower demolding material and/or the upper demolding material are/is an isolating film or demolding cloth.
CN202010763203.1A 2020-07-31 2020-07-31 Phenolic aldehyde panel honeycomb interlayer composite material and preparation method thereof Pending CN111873567A (en)

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