CN116176002A - Rapid preparation method for enhancing strength among fibers of unidirectional carbon fiber composite material - Google Patents

Rapid preparation method for enhancing strength among fibers of unidirectional carbon fiber composite material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116176002A
CN116176002A CN202310101761.5A CN202310101761A CN116176002A CN 116176002 A CN116176002 A CN 116176002A CN 202310101761 A CN202310101761 A CN 202310101761A CN 116176002 A CN116176002 A CN 116176002A
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China
Prior art keywords
carbon fiber
unidirectional
resin
carbon
carbon nanotube
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Pending
Application number
CN202310101761.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐井利
王丹勇
张建芹
张海云
李树虎
秦贞明
魏化震
陈以蔚
孙魁远
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Shandong Non Metallic Material Research Institute
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Shandong Non Metallic Material Research Institute
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Priority to CN202310101761.5A priority Critical patent/CN116176002A/en
Publication of CN116176002A publication Critical patent/CN116176002A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • B29C70/345—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using matched moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/40—Weight reduction

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid preparation method for enhancing the inter-fiber strength of a unidirectional carbon fiber composite material, and belongs to the technical field of nanocomposite materials. The invention uses high-strength continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrow band as nano reinforcement, and the continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrow band reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin preform is prepared by winding and layering the carbon nanotube oriented narrow band on lamellar unidirectional carbon fiber/epoxy resin prepreg at a certain angle, and then layering the carbon nanotube oriented narrow band reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin preform in a mould according to a certain design layering mode, and finally placing the carbon nanotube oriented narrow band reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin preform into a flat vulcanizing machine for compression molding, so as to obtain the continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrow band reinforced carbon fiber/resin unidirectional composite material capable of remarkably enhancing the strength among fibers. In addition, the invention has the advantages of simple operation of the technical process, high winding efficiency, convenient realization, easy reproduction and the like.

Description

Rapid preparation method for enhancing strength among fibers of unidirectional carbon fiber composite material
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nano materials, and particularly relates to a rapid preparation method for enhancing the inter-fiber strength of a unidirectional carbon fiber composite material.
Background
Continuous carbon fiber reinforced composites are one of the most advanced composite materials at present. The carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material has excellent specific strength, specific rigidity, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, high service temperature and other performances, is a core material which meets the current comprehensive development directions of light weight, reliability, multiple functions and the like of structural engineering parts, is widely applied to the aerospace, sports equipment and national defense and military industry, and attracts wide attention of people. The carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material single-layer plate has very high mechanical property in the fiber direction, but has relatively poor performance in the vertical fiber direction, the transverse performance of the material depends on the resin matrix and the interface strength, the micro disturbance of the matrix and the interface performance can generate larger influence on the overall tensile strength of the material, the requirements of the aviation and aerospace fields on the material performance can not be met to the greatest extent, and the existing method for solving the problems comprises the following steps: the method adopts a unidirectional prepreg orthogonal layering method, a fiber fabric method or a multidimensional weaving method, or adopts chopped fiber reinforcement. However, with orthogonal layering, fiber fabrics, or multi-dimensional braiding methods, the chopped carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix has limited performance improvement at the expense of fiber direction performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rapid preparation method for enhancing the strength among fibers of a unidirectional carbon fiber composite material.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the high-strength continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrow band is used as a nano reinforcement and is arranged between adjacent carbon fiber reinforced resin unidirectional prepregs, so that the mechanical property between fibers of the carbon fiber/resin unidirectional composite material is effectively improved, and the purpose of the invention is realized.
The rapid preparation method for enhancing the strength among fibers of the unidirectional carbon fiber composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Determining the specification, the size and the number of layers of the carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg according to the design requirement of the composite material;
2) Cutting the carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg according to the specification and the size and the number of layers determined in the step 1); assembling a tooling for fixing the carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg;
3) A single piece of cut carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg is taken and fixed on a tool, and a carbon nano tube orientation narrow band is wound on the surface of the single piece of cut carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg;
4) After winding, taking a single cut carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg, paving the prepreg on the outer side of the carbon nanotube oriented narrow band, and winding the carbon nanotube oriented narrow band on the surface of the prepreg;
5) Repeating the step 4) until all the cut carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg is wound with the carbon nanotube narrow band, and taking down the carbon nanotube narrow band from the tooling to prepare a carbon nanotube oriented narrow band reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin preform;
6) Laying the prepared carbon nanotube oriented narrowband reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin preform into a die, wherein continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrowband is ensured to be arranged between adjacent carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepregs during laying;
7) The reinforced unidirectional carbon fiber composite material fiber is prepared by a hot press molding process.
Preferably, when the carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg surface is wound, the winding direction of the carbon nanotube oriented narrow band forms an included angle of 30-90 degrees with the fiber direction of the carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg; the spacing between adjacent narrow bands is 0-5 mm.
Further preferably, the winding direction of the carbon nanotube oriented narrow tape forms an included angle of 45 degrees or 60 degrees with the fiber direction of the carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg.
Preferably, two carbon nanotube oriented narrowband reinforcing carbon fiber/resin-based preforms are prepared simultaneously.
Preferably, when the prepared carbon nanotube oriented narrowband reinforced carbon fiber/resin-based preform is laid into a mold, the topmost layer and the bottommost layer are both carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepregs.
Preferably, the outer surface of the tooling for fixing the carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg is a plane or a cylindrical surface.
Preferably, when the carbon fiber reinforced resin-based unidirectional prepreg is fixed on a tool, release paper is arranged between the carbon fiber reinforced resin-based unidirectional prepreg and the tool.
Preferably, the thickness of the carbon nanotube oriented narrow band is 3-15 μm, and the width is 100-500 μm.
Preferably, after the carbon fiber reinforced resin-based unidirectional prepreg completes the winding of the carbon nanotube oriented narrow tape, external force is applied to the carbon nanotube oriented narrow tape, so that the binding force of the carbon nanotube oriented narrow tape and the carbon nanotube is improved.
Preferably, the prepared carbon nanotube oriented narrow-band reinforced carbon fiber/resin-based preform is cut to remove redundant carbon nanotube oriented narrow-bands before being placed in a mold.
The invention relates to a rapid preparation method for reinforcing the strength between fibers of a unidirectional carbon fiber composite material, which uses a high-strength continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrow band as a nano reinforcing body, and prepares a continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrow band reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin preform by winding and layering the carbon nanotube oriented narrow band on a lamellar unidirectional carbon fiber/epoxy resin prepreg at a certain angle, and then carries out layering in a mold according to a certain design layering mode, and finally, the continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrow band reinforced carbon fiber/resin unidirectional composite material capable of remarkably reinforcing the strength between fibers is obtained by putting the continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrow band reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin preform into a flat vulcanizing machine for compression molding. In addition, the invention has the advantages of simple operation of the technical process, high winding efficiency, convenient realization, easy reproduction and the like.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme designed by the invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the technical scheme is not limited.
Example 1
The preparation method for preparing the large-size carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material comprises the following steps:
preparing a material. Cutting 12T 700 carbon fibers/epoxy resin unidirectional prepregs, wherein the size of the unidirectional prepregs is 250mm multiplied by 180mm, and the fiber direction is the length direction of the prepregs; and (5) weighing. The continuous carbon nanotubes were oriented in a narrow band, 3 μm thick and 500 μm wide, prepared in the state of Suzhou nanometer.
Preparing a tool. The tool comprises a support flat plate and a fixing bracket, wherein the support flat plate is fixed on the fixing bracket. The size of the supporting plate is as follows: 280 mm. Times.180 mm. Times.2 mm.
The preparation method of the carbon nanotube oriented narrowband reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin preform comprises the following steps:
1, taking any two pieces of cut prepreg, fixing one side containing release paper on two sides of a support flat plate respectively by using double-sided adhesive tapes, enabling the fiber direction to be consistent with the length direction of the support flat plate, and tearing off a prepreg isolating film fixed on the support flat plate.
2. Fixing the end heads of the continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrow bands on the prepreg, carrying out circumferential winding on the continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrow bands on the prepreg along the direction perpendicular to the carbon fibers, controlling the spacing between the narrow bands to be 5mm in the winding process until the whole prepreg surface is fully paved with the continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrow bands, and then rolling by using an aluminum press roll with the weight of 20g and the diameter of 10mm to enable the carbon nanotube oriented narrow bands to be tightly attached to the unidirectional prepreg.
3, after winding is completed, taking any two pieces of the two cut carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional prepregs, tearing off release paper and isolating films, respectively paving the release paper and the isolating films on the carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional prepregs on both sides of the support flat plate, which are wound with the carbon nanotube oriented narrow bands, and winding the carbon nanotube oriented narrow bands according to the mode of the step 2;
4 repeating the step 3 until the cut carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional prepreg is fully wound with the carbon nanotube narrow band; cutting off carbon nano tube orientation narrow bands at the blank positions of the carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional prepregs at the two connecting sides, taking down a prefabricated body prepared by the carbon nano tube orientation narrow band reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional prepregs, cutting off redundant continuous carbon nano tube orientation narrow bands by scissors, tearing off release paper stuck to the bottommost carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional prepregs, and finally preparing two carbon nano tube orientation narrow band reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin prefabricated bodies respectively comprising 6T 700 carbon fibers/epoxy resin unidirectional prepregs;
and (5) layering. The prepared two carbon nano tube orientation narrow-band reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin prefabricated bodies are laid in a mould in a lamination mode, so that the content of the continuous carbon nano tube orientation narrow-band among the fibers is consistent, and when the carbon nano tube orientation narrow-band is laid, only one layer of continuous carbon nano tube orientation narrow-band is arranged between two T700 carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional prepregs.
Preparing the carbon nano tube oriented narrowband reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional composite material. And (3) placing the die into a flat vulcanizing machine, and performing hot press molding according to a certain curing system to obtain the carbon nanotube oriented narrowband reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional composite material.
Compared with the existing carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional composite material, the continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrow-band reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional composite material prepared rapidly by the method has the advantage that the inter-fiber tensile strength is improved by 189%.
Example 2
The differences from example 1 are:
when the continuous carbon nano tube oriented narrow bands are wound on the prepreg in a circumferential direction, gaps are not formed between the narrow bands, and an included angle of 45 degrees is formed between the winding direction and the carbon fiber direction.
Compared with the existing carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material, the tensile strength between fibers of the continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrowband reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional composite material prepared by the embodiment is improved by 151%.
Example 3
The differences from example 1 are:
when the continuous carbon nano tube oriented narrow bands are wound on the prepreg in a circumferential direction, gaps are not formed between the narrow bands, and an included angle of 30 degrees or 60 degrees is formed between the winding direction and the carbon fiber direction.
Compared with the existing carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional composite material, the continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrow-band reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional composite material prepared by the embodiment has the advantage that the inter-fiber tensile strength is improved by 135%.
Example 4
The preparation method for preparing the large-size carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material comprises the following steps:
preparing a material. And cutting 25 glass fiber reinforced phenolic resin unidirectional prepregs, wherein the size of the unidirectional prepregs is 250mm multiplied by 180mm, and the fiber direction is the length direction of the prepregs. The continuous carbon nanotubes are oriented in narrow bands 15 μm thick and 100 μm wide, prepared in Suzhou nanometer.
Preparing a tool. The tool comprises a supporting circular tube and a fixing bracket, wherein a supporting flat plate is fixed on the fixing bracket. The external dimension of the supporting circular tube is phi 115mm multiplied by 300mm, and the wall thickness is 2mm.
The preparation method of the carbon nanotube oriented narrowband reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin preform comprises the following steps:
1, fixing one side containing release paper on the outer cylindrical surface of a cylindrical supporting circular tube by using a double-sided adhesive tape, symmetrically distributing the two prepregs on the outer surface of the supporting circular tube, wherein the fiber direction of the prepregs is consistent with the axial direction of the supporting circular tube, the width direction of the prepregs, namely the circumferential direction of the supporting circular tube is the winding direction of a continuous carbon nano tube orientation narrow band, and then tearing off a prepreg isolating film fixed on the supporting circular tube.
2. Fixing the end heads of the continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrow bands on the prepreg, winding the continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrow bands on the prepreg along the direction perpendicular to the unidirectional glass fibers, controlling no gaps between the narrow bands in the winding process until the whole prepreg surface is fully paved with the continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrow bands, and then rolling by using a compression roller;
3, after winding is completed, taking two cut prepregs, tearing off release paper and isolating film, paving the release paper and isolating film on the prepreg wound with the narrow carbon nanotube band, and winding according to the winding mode of the narrow carbon nanotube band in the step 2;
4 repeating the step 3 until all the cut carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional prepregs are fully wound with the carbon nanotube narrow band; cutting off carbon nanotube oriented narrow bands at the blank positions connecting the carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional prepregs at two sides, taking down a prefabricated body prepared by the carbon nanotube oriented narrow band reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional prepregs, cutting off redundant continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrow bands by scissors, tearing off release paper stuck to the bottommost carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional prepregs, and finally preparing two carbon nanotube oriented narrow band reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin prefabricated bodies respectively comprising 12T 700 carbon fibers/epoxy resin unidirectional prepregs
And (5) layering. And laying the prepared two carbon nanotube oriented narrowband reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin prefabricated bodies in a mould in a lamination mode, wherein the two carbon nanotube oriented narrowband reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin prefabricated bodies are symmetrically placed when laid, the carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional prepreg sides face outwards, and the 25 th glass fiber reinforced phenolic resin unidirectional prepreg is placed in the middle.
Preparing the carbon nano tube oriented narrowband reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional composite material. And (3) placing the die into a flat vulcanizing machine, and performing hot press molding according to a certain curing system to obtain the carbon nanotube oriented narrowband reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional composite material.
Compared with the existing carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional composite material, the continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrowband reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional composite material prepared by the embodiment has the advantage that the inter-fiber tensile strength is improved by 175%.

Claims (10)

1. The rapid preparation method for enhancing the strength among fibers of the unidirectional carbon fiber composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Determining the specification, the size and the number of layers of the carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg according to the design requirement of the composite material;
2) Cutting the carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg according to the specification and the size and the number of layers determined in the step 1); assembling a tooling for fixing the carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg;
3) A single piece of cut carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg is taken and fixed on a tool, and a carbon nano tube orientation narrow band is wound on the surface of the single piece of cut carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg;
4) After winding, taking a single cut carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg, paving the prepreg on the outer side of the carbon nanotube oriented narrow band, and winding the carbon nanotube oriented narrow band on the surface of the prepreg;
5) Repeating the step 4) until all the cut carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg is wound with the carbon nanotube narrow band, and taking down the carbon nanotube narrow band from the tooling to prepare a carbon nanotube oriented narrow band reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin preform;
6) Laying the prepared carbon nanotube oriented narrowband reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin preform into a die, wherein continuous carbon nanotube oriented narrowband is ensured to be arranged between adjacent carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepregs during laying;
7) The reinforced unidirectional carbon fiber composite material fiber is prepared by a hot press molding process.
2. The rapid preparation method for enhancing the inter-fiber strength of unidirectional carbon fiber composite material according to claim 1, wherein the rapid preparation method comprises the following steps: when the carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg surface is wound, the winding direction of the carbon nanotube oriented narrow band forms an included angle of 30-90 degrees with the fiber direction of the carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepreg; the spacing between adjacent narrow bands is 0-5 mm.
3. The method for rapidly preparing the reinforced unidirectional carbon fiber composite material according to claim 2, wherein the winding direction of the oriented narrow bands of the carbon nanotubes forms an included angle of 45 degrees or 60 degrees with the fiber direction of the unidirectional prepreg of the carbon fiber/resin.
4. The method for rapidly preparing the reinforced unidirectional carbon fiber composite material according to claim 1, wherein the two carbon nanotube oriented narrowband reinforced carbon fibers/resin-based preforms are prepared simultaneously.
5. The method for rapidly preparing the reinforcement unidirectional carbon fiber composite material according to claim 1, wherein when the prepared carbon nanotube oriented narrowband reinforcement carbon fiber/resin-based preform is laid into a mold, both the topmost layer and the bottommost layer are carbon fiber/resin unidirectional prepregs.
6. The method for rapidly preparing the reinforced unidirectional carbon fiber composite material according to claim 1, wherein the tooling is used for fixing the outer surface of the unidirectional carbon fiber/resin prepreg to be a plane or a cylindrical surface.
7. The rapid preparation method of the strength between fibers of the reinforced unidirectional carbon fiber composite material according to claim 1, wherein a release paper is arranged between the unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced resin-based prepreg and the tooling when the unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced resin-based prepreg is fixed on the tooling.
8. The method for rapidly preparing the reinforced unidirectional carbon fiber composite material according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the oriented narrow band of carbon nanotubes is 3-15 μm and the width is 100-500 μm.
9. The method for rapidly preparing the reinforced unidirectional carbon fiber composite material according to claim 1, wherein the carbon fiber reinforced resin-based unidirectional prepreg is subjected to external force after the carbon nanotube orientation narrow band is wound, so as to improve the bonding force of the carbon fiber reinforced resin-based unidirectional prepreg and the carbon nanotube orientation narrow band.
10. The method for rapid preparation of reinforcement unidirectional carbon fiber composite material inter-fiber strength according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the prepared carbon nanotube oriented narrowband reinforcement carbon fiber/resin-based preform is cut to remove excess carbon nanotube oriented narrowband prior to placement in a mold.
CN202310101761.5A 2023-02-13 2023-02-13 Rapid preparation method for enhancing strength among fibers of unidirectional carbon fiber composite material Pending CN116176002A (en)

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CN202310101761.5A CN116176002A (en) 2023-02-13 2023-02-13 Rapid preparation method for enhancing strength among fibers of unidirectional carbon fiber composite material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310101761.5A CN116176002A (en) 2023-02-13 2023-02-13 Rapid preparation method for enhancing strength among fibers of unidirectional carbon fiber composite material

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