CN116172130A - Application of natural mixed culture fermentation liquor of anaerobic fungi and methane bacteria in rumen of yaks in improving quality of yaks - Google Patents
Application of natural mixed culture fermentation liquor of anaerobic fungi and methane bacteria in rumen of yaks in improving quality of yaks Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, in particular to application of a natural mixed culture fermentation broth of yak rumen anaerobic fungi and methane bacteria in improving the quality of yak meat, wherein a natural mixed culture YakQH5 is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC No. 19299) on 3-9 days in 2020, and the digestibility of neutral washing cellulose of oat straw of supplementary feeding yaks in winter is improved; the average daily gain increases by 517.00g; the contents of glucose, total protein, albumin and globulin in blood are obviously higher than those in a control group, so that the metabolic capacity of a yak body in winter is enhanced; the content of glycine, aspartic acid and leucine in the yak meat and the content of total amino acid are improved by 3.07%, and the content of total unsaturated fatty acid of monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid is improved by 5.90%, so that the meat quality of the supplementary yak in winter is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, in particular to application of a natural mixed culture of yak rumen anaerobic fungi and methane bacteria as a roughage additive in improving beef quality.
Background
With the improvement of the living standard of people, the requirements on the meat quality are continuously increased, and the low-fat high-protein beef is favored by consumers. Many factors affecting the quality of ruminant carcasses and meats can be categorized into two parts, namely internal factors directly related to the animal itself (such as breed, age, sex, etc.) and external environmental factors (such as ration, slaughter program, etc.); the daily ration is one of the main factors, and the animal production performance can be optimized through daily ration regulation and control, so that the beef quality is improved. The high-protein and low-energy feed is used during the growth period of beef cattle, and the low-protein and high-energy feed can meet the fat deposition during the fattening period, thereby being beneficial to forming marble-like patterns. The proportion of the concentrate and the roughage also has a certain influence on fat deposition. Roughage fed animals are generally considered to have a meat quality inferior to concentrate fed animals. The improvement of beef quality is increasingly being appreciated by consumers and cattle producers, and feed nutrition plays an important role in meat quality control, so that in addition to meeting the nutritional requirements of cattle in determining a feeding scheme, the beef quality must be improved by taking into account nutritional factors affecting the meat quality and performing proper regulation so as to meet the requirements of consumers.
China is a large agricultural country, and main agricultural products comprise rice, wheat and corn. According to the statistics of the annual book of China, the yields of paddy, wheat and corn in 2019 are 20961.4 ten thousand, 13359.6 ten thousand and 26077.9 ten thousand respectively, so that a large amount of straw waste is generated. The straw waste is mainly corn straw, the yield reaches 33092.9 ten thousand t, and the yield accounts for 39.5% of the total yield of the straw. The main components of the corn straw comprise lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. Corn stalks have long been used as animal feeds, but have high crude fiber content, large volume, rough texture, less nutritional ingredients and poor palatability. Whole plant corn silage has become the main feed for ruminant ration worldwide. However, due to the seasonal harvesting characteristics and the reasons of farming conditions or habits, corn stalks are usually harvested after wilting or yellow drying, and the loss of water and sugar is serious. The dry yellow corn stalks are seriously lignified, have poor palatability and are not suitable for being directly fed to ruminants. However, in remote areas, many farmers still feed the kneaded dry yellow corn stalks as cow daily ration, so that the slow growth and development caused by insufficient nutrition supply of the livestock is not matched with the local heavy cultivation operation, the reproductive performance and the meat and milk production performance of the livestock are also indirectly influenced, and the economic benefit development is slow.
The feed additive is an effective way for improving the nutritive value of the feed, and the fattening effect is good, for example, liu Cuie research shows that the daily gain and the dry matter feed return rate of feeding the vinasse biomass are obviously higher than those of feeding the fresh vinasse, and the economic benefit is obvious. Tong Dan and the like show that the 5% fermented bean dregs are used for replacing bean pulp in diet to feed beef cattle, the palatability is not affected, the feed weight ratio of the beef cattle can be obviously improved, and the beef cattle has good popularization value. The research of megalevel shows that when alfalfa is added into beef cattle daily ration, the weight gain rate is increased by 35.19 percent, the feed conversion rate is increased by 36.14 percent and the economic benefit is obvious compared with a control group. However, feeding beef cattle with a feed such as brewer's grains has little effect on beef quality. Numerous studies have been made by those skilled in the art on improving beef quality, for example, patent CN108576420a discloses a preparation method of a plant feed additive for saline-alkali soil for improving beef quality, but the plant feed additive is suitable for saline-alkali soil plant suaeda salsa and salicornia, but not suitable for corn stalks.
The invention provides a mixed culture, wherein high-activity lignocellulose degrading enzyme fermentation liquor produced by degrading straws of the mixed culture is used as a feed additive to be added into corn straw coarse feed for feeding yaks, so that the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of the yaks can be remarkably improved, and the neutral washing cellulose digestibility of the corn straw coarse feed of the yaks is improved by 9.23%; the average daily gain increases by 517.0g; the average daily feed intake is increased by 2.75kg; the contents of Glucose (GLU), total Protein (TP), albumin (ALB) and Globulin (GLB) in blood are obviously higher than those in a control group and a blank group, so that the metabolic capacity of a yak body is enhanced; the content of glycine, aspartic acid and leucine in the yak meat and the content of total amino acid are improved by 3.07%, and the content of total unsaturated fatty acid of monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid is improved by 5.90%, so that the quality of the yak meat in winter is improved. Our study demonstrated for the first time that: the mixed culture of the anaerobic fungi in the rumen of the yaks and the methane bacteria can be applied to straw coarse fodder of the yaks and has unique advantages, and has wide application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, a primary object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the quality of yak meat by adding a feed additive to the feed, wherein the feed additive is a natural mixed culture YakQH5 of a mixed culture of a yak rumen anaerobic fungus and a methanogen (neocallmastixfront) and a methanogen (Methanobrevibacter gottschalkii), and the mixed culture YakQH5 is preserved in the China general microbiological culture collection center (ccm) at 9 of 3 months 2020, and the mixed culture is classified and named Neocallimastix frontalis and Methanobrevibacter gottschalkii, and has a preservation number of CGMCC No. 19299: the institute of microbiology, national institute of sciences, no. 3, national center for sciences, north chen, west way 1, region of korea, beijing city: 010-64807355.
Preferably, the feed is straw.
Preferably, the straw is one or more of oat straw, corn straw and soybean straw.
Preferably, the straw is oat straw.
The second object of the present invention is to provide the use of YakQH5, a natural mixed culture of YakQH5 of yak rumen anaerobic fungus and methanobacteria (neocallimastixfront) and methanobacteria (methanobrevibacterium gottscheklkii), in increasing glycine content of yak meat, wherein the mixed culture YakQH5 is preserved in the China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC No. 19299) at 3 months and 9 days in 2020, and the preservation address is: the institute of microbiology, national institute of sciences, no. 3, national center for sciences, north chen, west way 1, region of korea, beijing city: 010-64807355.
The third object of the present invention is to provide the application of YakQH5, a natural mixed culture of yak rumen anaerobic fungus and methanobacteria (neocallimastixfront) and methanobacteria (methanobrevibacterium gottscheklkii), in improving the aspartic acid content of yak meat, wherein YakQH5 is preserved in China general microbiological culture collection center (China general microbiological culture collection center) at 3 months and 9 days in 2020, with a preservation number of CGMCC No.19299 and a preservation address of: the institute of microbiology, national institute of sciences, no. 3, national center for sciences, north chen, west way 1, region of korea, beijing city: 010-64807355.
The fourth object of the present invention is to provide the application of YakQH5, which is a natural mixed culture of anaerobic fungi (neocalimastixfront) and methanobacteria (methanobrevibacterium gottscheakii), in improving the leucine content of yak meat, wherein the mixed culture YakQH5 is preserved in the China general microbiological culture Collection center (China general microbiological culture collection center) at 3 months and 9 days in 2020, with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19299 and the preservation address of: the institute of microbiology, national institute of sciences, no. 3, national center for sciences, north chen, west way 1, region of korea, beijing city: 010-64807355.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention firstly provides a new application of a natural mixed culture YakQH5 of anaerobic fungi (Neocallimastix frontalis) and methanobacteria (Methanobrobactergottschalkii) as a feed additive, wherein the mixed culture YakQH5 of anaerobic fungi (Neocilimastixfront) and methanobacteria (Methanobrobactergottschalkii) is added into the feed, so that the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of yaks can be obviously improved, and the neutral washing cellulose digestibility of the straw coarse feed of the yaks is improved by 9.23%; the average daily gain increases by 517.0g; the average daily feed intake is increased by 2.75kg; the contents of Glucose (GLU), total Protein (TP), albumin (ALB) and Globulin (GLB) in blood are obviously higher than those in a control group and a blank group, so that the metabolic capacity of a yak body is enhanced; the content of glycine, aspartic acid and leucine in the yak meat and the content of total amino acid are improved by 3.07%, and the content of total unsaturated fatty acid of monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid is improved by 5.90%, so that the quality of the yak meat in winter is improved. Our study demonstrated for the first time that: the natural mixed culture of anaerobic fungi and methane bacteria from rumen of grazing yaks can be applied to straw coarse fodder of the yaks and has unique advantages, and has wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 Marble Pattern scoring Standard reference map
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention will be made with reference to specific examples, but it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example one effect of feeding cattle on growth and meat quality after addition of a mixed culture broth of Yak rumen anaerobic fungus and Methanomyces
1. Test design and sample handling
(1) Test materials
Oat straw: the black sheath and yak breeding industry garden is selected from the Gansu province, tianzhu Tibetan prefecture, the black sheath and yak breeding industry garden is collected for 12 months in 2020, the water content is 6.10 percent when the black sheath and yak breeding industry garden is collected, the black sheath and yak breeding industry garden belongs to a dry yellow state, and the black sheath and yak breeding industry garden is crushed to 0.5-1 cm for standby.
A natural mixed culture YakQH5 of anaerobic fungi (Neocallimastixfront) and methane bacteria (Methanobrevibacter gottschalkii) which are separated from gastric juice of grazing yak tumor in Xinghai, china county is inoculated in 25mL of liquid anaerobic fungi culture medium by taking corn straw as a substrate (1% (w/v)) for 72h of anaerobic culture, the corn straw as the substrate (1% (w/v)) is cultured for 4d, and 1000 Xg of fermentation liquor is centrifuged for 10min to obtain supernatant enzyme liquid for later use, namely the supernatant of the natural lignocellulose degrading enzyme fermentation liquor. This supernatant was subjected to rumen conditions in yaks-i.e.: at pH 6.8 and 39 ℃, xylanase activity is 8235mU/mL, carboxymethyl cellulase activity is 929mU/mL, feruloyl esterase activity is 11.3mU/mL, acetyl esterase activity is 175mU/mL, coumarase activity is 2.8mU/mL, laccase activity is 67.5mU/mL, and filter paper enzyme activity is 1187mU/mL.
Commercial xylanase: from silver raceno biotechnology limited. The powdered xylanase has the enzyme activity of 60 mu/g, distilled water is added to be dissolved to be saturated, and the supernatant is taken for standby after precipitation is removed.
(2) Feeding management of test animals
The test animals are 4-5 year old yaks fed with oat straw in winter in the Qinghai yak breeding industry garden in Gansu province, and are fed 3 times per day, 8:00 a.m., 12:00 a.m., and 7:00 a.m., and are free to drink water.
Daily ration composition: the winter pasture is freely eaten. Mainly comprises Song grass.
(3) Experimental design and sample collection
Randomly selecting 9 supplementary feeding yaks in winter for test, wherein 3 yaks (K1-K3) in blank group are respectively marked, 3 yaks (D1-D2) in control group are respectively marked by adding saturated liquid of commodity xylanase into the dry yellow oat straw coarse fodder before feeding, 3 yaks (S1-S3) in test group are respectively marked by adding supernatant of natural lignocellulose degrading enzyme fermentation liquor produced by degrading corn straw by natural mixed culture YakQH5 of anaerobic fungi (Neocialmastixfront) and methane bacteria (Methanobroma grittschalkii) into the dry yellow oat straw coarse fodder before feeding, testing pre-period is 5D, formal period is 60D, and 9 yaks are prepared for 48h before the first day of the formal test. And feeding the prepared three groups of straws subjected to different pretreatment to test cattle, wherein the test cattle are free to drink water once in the morning and at night.
2. Measurement index and measurement method
2.1 growth Performance measurement
At the beginning and end of the formal experiment, after fasting for 12 hours in all of the experimental yaks, weighing and recording as initial weight and final weight, and calculating average daily gain. The feeding amount and the residual amount of each group of yaks are accurately recorded every day during the test period, and the average daily gain, the feed-to-weight ratio and the average daily feed intake are calculated.
Average Daily Gain (ADG) = (last-first weight)/test day
Average Daily Feed Intake (ADFI) =feed intake per cow test period/test day
Feed-to-weight ratio (F/G) =average daily feed intake/average daily gain
2.2 determination of apparent digestibility of nutrients
Taking a certain amount of sample, drying and measuring the moisture content and Dry Matter (DM), taking the dried sample, crushing the sample by a crusher, sieving the crushed sample by a 40-mesh sieve, taking the sieved sample, and measuring the Dry Matter (DM), neutral washing fiber (NDF) and acid washing fiber (ADF), wherein the Dry Matter (DM) is measured by a drying method at 105 ℃. Determination of lignocellulosic Components: NDF and ADF use an alpha F6800 type fiber meter.
Dry matter digestibility = [ (dry matter intake-dry matter discharge)/total dry matter) ]%
Apparent digestibility of a nutrient = [ (intake of a nutrient-content of the nutrient in feces)/intake of a nutrient ] ×100%.
2.3 measurement of Biochemical blood index
Prior to the last 1d morning feeding of the experiment, each group of yaks was collected blood using anticoagulant-containing jugular vein and each group was analyzed for chemical indicators of yak blood production [ alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glycerate (TG), glucose (GLU), total Protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB) ].
2.43 Effect of three different additional enzymes on meat quality of yaks
After the test is finished, beef cattle in each group are slaughtered, a longus dorsi muscle sample is taken after slaughter, and surface fascia and fat are removed, so that meat quality assessment is carried out. Measuring marbling, grade, cooked meat rate, shear force, water-holding power and pH; after wrapping a portion of the muscle sample with tinfoil, it was stored in a-20deg.C refrigerator for measurement of crude ash, crude protein and crude fat.
(1) Marble pattern classification: marbleizing is rated according to the NY/T676-2010 standard, and the scoring standard is 1-5 points in sequence as shown in figure 1.
(2) Determination of the cooked meat percentage: taking 100g of the longest muscle at the back in 2 hours after slaughter as a head, accurately weighing the mass of the longest muscle, and recording the mass as the mass (m 1) before cooking; and (3) after being steamed in a steamer tray for 30min, taking out the steamer tray and hanging the steamer tray in a shade place in a room for 15-20 min, and accurately weighing the steamer tray, and recording the weight of the steamer tray as the steamed weight (m 2).
Cooked meat rate (%) =100× (m) 1 -m 2 )/m 1
(3) Shear force measurement: cutting a meat sample to be detected into a length of 3-5 cm and a diameter of about 1cm, putting the meat sample into a sealing bag smoothly, discharging air, putting the sealing bag into boiling water to enable the temperature of the center of the meat sample to reach 75 ℃, taking out and cooling, measuring the shearing force by using a C/LM type muscle tenderness instrument, repeating each sample for 3 times, recording and taking an average value.
(4) And (3) water-holding capacity measurement: taking longest muscles at the 1 st lumbar vertebra and the 2 nd lumbar vertebra within 2h of slaughtering, cutting into meat slices with the thickness of 1cm, accurately weighing the mass of the meat slices by using a balance with the induction quantity of 0.0001kg, and marking the mass as the mass (m 1) before pressurization; the meat slices are wrapped by 18 layers of filter paper on the upper and lower mats, and the mass of the meat slices is accurately weighed after being pressurized by 35kg for 5min and recorded as the mass (m 2) after being pressurized.
Water retention capacity (%) =100× (m 1-m 2)/m 1
(5) And (3) pH measurement: the pH of the longus muscle was measured 45min, 24H after slaughter with a H9125 portable pH meter, several pH (45 min), pH (24H) respectively, 3 replicates were detected per sample, recorded and averaged.
(6) The collected meat sample is crushed and freeze-dried in a freeze dryer, the content of crude protein is measured by adopting a Kjeldahl nitrogen determination method, the content of crude ash is measured by adopting a high-temperature burning method, and the content of crude fat is measured by adopting a Soxhlet extraction method.
(7) Determination of beef amino acid content
Muscle amino acids are determined using amino acids in food (GB 5009.124-2016): and (5) determining by an amino acid analyzer. a. Sample
Pretreatment of products: uniformly crushing the beef sample and then hydrolyzing; and after the sample is hydrolyzed, transferring the sample into a sample injection bottle for testing.
a. And (3) measuring by an upper machine: chromatographic conditions: a sulfonic acid star cation chromatographic column; wavelengths 570nm and 440nm; sample measurement: and (3) injecting the mixed amino acid standard solution and the sample to be detected into an amino acid analyzer in the same volume successively, and calculating the amino acid concentration of the sample according to the peak area.
(8) Effects of beef fatty acid content
Muscle long chain fatty acid uses the method for determining fatty acid in food (GB 5009.168-2016): and (5) measuring by a gas chromatograph. a. Sample
Pretreatment of products: uniformly crushing the beef sample and then hydrolyzing; hydrolyzing the sample to obtain a fat extract; and (3) performing fat saponification and fatty acid methyl esterification to obtain a liquid to be tested. b. And (3) measuring: chromatographic operating conditions: the carrier gas is 99.9999 percent N2, the tail blowing flow is 30mL/min, H 2 40 mL/min, air 400mL/min, column flow 1.0mL/min; the temperature raising program is adopted: heating rate of 150 ℃ is 10 ℃/min, heating rate of 180 ℃ is 1 ℃, heating rate of 230 ℃ is 4 ℃/min, and retention time is 10min; split ratio 100:
1, a step of; sample injection volume 1.0uL; fatty acid content is expressed as a percentage of fatty acids to total fat.
3. Data analysis
The basic data are preliminarily arranged through Excel 2010, charts are made, SPSS 20.0 software is utilized to carry out statistical analysis on the test data, single-factor ANOVO model processing is adopted, duncan method is utilized to carry out multiple comparison analysis on the data, average value + -standard deviation is used to represent the measurement result, and P <0.05 represents that significant difference exists in the data.
4. Test results
4.1 Effect of different enzymes added to straw roughage on growth Property of yaks
Table 13 group of growth performance of different enzymes added to straw roughage on additional feeding yaks in winter
As can be seen from table 1, after the fermentation broth of the natural mixed culture of the anaerobic fungus and the methane fungus is added into the oat straw coarse fodder for feeding the winter yaks, the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of the experimental group are obviously higher than those of the control group and the blank group (P > 0.05), the material weight ratio of the blank group and the control group is not obviously different (P < 0.05), and the material weight ratio of the experimental group is obviously lower than those of the control group and the blank group (P > 0.05).
4.2 influence of different enzymes added to straw coarse feed on apparent digestibility of yak nutrient substances
TABLE 2 apparent digestibility of nutrient substances added to straw roughage by different enzymes
As can be seen from table 2, the dry yellow oat straw added with xylanase had a dry matter DMD digestibility not significantly different from that of the blank (P < 0.05), whereas the dry matter apparent digestibility of the mixed culture added with rumen anaerobic fungus and methanogen was higher than that of the control and blank (P > 0.05). The neutral wash fiber digestibility NDFD, acid wash fiber digestibility ADFD of the experimental and control groups were significantly different (P > 0.05) compared to the blank group, wherein NDFD, ADFD digestibility of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the blank and control groups (P > 0.05), and NDFD, ADFD digestibility of the experimental group was highest (P > 0.05).
4.3 influence of different enzymes added to straw coarse fodder on biochemical index of yak blood
TABLE 3 blood Biochemical index of straw coarse fodder added with different enzymes
As can be seen from table 3, ALT, AST and ALP of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group and the blank group (P > 0.05), TG of the control group and the blank group were not significantly different, dry yellow corn stalk of the experimental group TG to which xylanase was added was not significantly different from that of the blank group (P > 0.05), GLU of the experimental group was significantly higher than those of the control group (P > 0.05), and TP and ALB contents of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group and the blank group (P > 0.05). The GLB content of the experimental group was also higher than that of the control group and the blank group (P > 0.05).
4.4 influence of different enzymes added to straw roughage on quality of winter yak meat
As can be seen from table 4, the marbling score, meat yield, dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash of the test group were significantly higher than that of the blank and control groups (P > 0.05); no significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed between the pH control and blank groups, and the test group was significantly lower than the other two groups (P > 0.05); the shear force test group is significantly lower than the blank group and the control group (P > 0.05), the water-based power test group and the blank group have no significant difference (P < 0.05), and the shear force test group is higher than the control group (P > 0.05).
TABLE 4 influence of different enzymes added to straw roughage on physical Properties and nutrient substances of yak meat
4.5 influence of different enzymes added to straw roughage on amino acid content of Yak meat in winter
As can be seen from Table 5, the total amino acid content of the yak meat in the test group was increased by 3.07% and the glycine, aspartic acid and leucine content of the amino acid in the beef was increased, further improving the flavor and quality of the beef.
TABLE 5 influence of different enzymes added to roughage on amino acid content in yak meat
4.6 Effect of different enzymes added to the roughage on the fatty acid content of Yak meat
As can be seen from Table 6, compared with the blank group, the total content of monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid in the Siemens of the test group is improved by 5.90%, so that the health care function of the yak meat is further improved, and the health care effect of the yak meat is enhanced.
TABLE 6 Effect of different enzymes added to roughage on fatty acid content in Yak meat
In summary, the invention firstly provides a new application of natural mixed culture YakQH5 of anaerobic fungi (Neocallimastix frontalis) and methanobacteria (Methanobrobactergotschalkii) as a feed additive, wherein fermentation liquor of natural mixed culture YakQH5 of anaerobic fungi (Neocilimastixfront) and methanobacteria (Methanobactergotschalkii) for degrading corn stalks is added into oat stalk coarse feed, and then the yaks in winter are fed, so that the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of the yaks can be remarkably improved, and the neutral washing cellulose digestibility of the oat stalk coarse feed of yaks is improved by 9.23%; the average daily gain increases by 517.00g; the average daily feed intake is increased by 2.75kg; the contents of Glucose (GLU), total Protein (TP) and Albumin (ALB) in blood are obviously higher than those in a control group and a blank group, so that the metabolic capacity of a yak body is enhanced; the content of glycine, aspartic acid and leucine in the yak meat and the content of total amino acid are improved by 3.07 percent, and the content of total unsaturated fatty acid of monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid is improved by 5.90 percent, so that the quality of the yak meat in winter is obviously improved. Our study demonstrated for the first time that: the natural mixed culture of anaerobic fungi and methane bacteria from rumen of grazing yaks can be applied to straw coarse fodder of the yaks and has unique advantages, has great application and popularization values and has wide application prospect.
Claims (7)
1. A method for improving the quality of yak meat is characterized in that a feed additive is added into the feed, wherein the feed additive is a natural mixed culture YakQH5 of a yak rumen anaerobic fungus and methanobacteria mixed culture of anaerobic fungus (Neocilimastixfront) and methanobacteria (Methanobrobactergottschalkii), and the mixed culture YakQH5 is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC No. 19299) on the 3/9 th 2020: the institute of microbiology, national institute of sciences, no. 3, national center for sciences, north chen, west way 1, region of korea, beijing city: 010-64807355.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the feed is straw.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the straw is one or more of oat straw, corn straw, and soybean straw.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the straw is oat straw.
5. Use of YakQH5, a natural mixed culture of anaerobic fungi (neocalimastixfront) and methanobacteria (methanobrevibacterium schalkii), as a mixed culture of YakQH5 for increasing glycine content in yak meat, said mixed culture being deposited at the chinese microbiological bacterial culture collection center at 9/3/2020 under the accession number CGMCC No.19299 at the accession number: the institute of microbiology, national institute of sciences, no. 3, national center for sciences, north chen, west way 1, region of korea, beijing city: 010-64807355.
6. Use of YakQH5, a natural mixed culture of anaerobic fungi (neocalimastixfront) and methanobacteria (methanobrevibacterium schalkii), as a mixed culture of YakQH5 for increasing aspartic acid content of yak meat, said mixed culture of YakQH5 being deposited at 3/9/2020 with the chinese microbiological bacterial culture collection center under the accession number CGMCC No.19299 at the accession number: the institute of microbiology, national institute of sciences, no. 3, national center for sciences, north chen, west way 1, region of korea, beijing city: 010-64807355.
7. Use of YakQH5, a natural mixed culture of anaerobic fungi (neocalimastixfront) and methanobacteria (methanobrevibacterium schalkii), which is a mixed culture of anaerobic fungi (neobritish) and methanobacteria (methanobrevulgare schalkii) for increasing the leucine content of yak meat, said mixed culture YakQH5 being deposited at the chinese microbiological bacterial culture collection center at 9 and 3 months 2020 with the deposit number of CGMCC No. 19299: the institute of microbiology, national institute of sciences, no. 3, national center for sciences, north chen, west way 1, region of korea, beijing city: 010-64807355.
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