CN116169912A - Control system and control method for unmanned ship direct-current variable-speed generator set - Google Patents

Control system and control method for unmanned ship direct-current variable-speed generator set Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116169912A
CN116169912A CN202211593859.9A CN202211593859A CN116169912A CN 116169912 A CN116169912 A CN 116169912A CN 202211593859 A CN202211593859 A CN 202211593859A CN 116169912 A CN116169912 A CN 116169912A
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unmanned ship
diesel engine
generator
management unit
energy
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母海方
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Zhejiang Beikun Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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Zhejiang Beikun Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/04—Control effected upon non-electric prime mover and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
    • F02D29/02—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving vehicles; peculiar to engines driving variable pitch propellers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/25—Devices for sensing temperature, or actuated thereby
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/35—Devices for recording or transmitting machine parameters, e.g. memory chips or radio transmitters for diagnosis
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • H02K9/193—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil with provision for replenishing the cooling medium; with means for preventing leakage of the cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
    • H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/305—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling voltage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/10—Parameters related to the engine output, e.g. engine torque or engine speed
    • F02D2200/101—Engine speed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2101/00—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
    • H02P2101/35—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for ships

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a control system and a control method of a direct-current variable-speed generator set of an unmanned ship, which belong to the technical field of unmanned ships and comprise a diesel engine, a rectifying generator, an energy-saving control unit and an energy management unit; the diesel engine is connected with the generator to form a diesel generator set for supplying power to a load on the unmanned ship and is in signal connection with the energy management unit; the energy management unit is connected with the load signal and can obtain the load rate of the unmanned ship; the energy management unit is also in signal connection with the energy-saving control unit, can control the diesel generator set to start to a preset rotating speed and a preset output voltage, and sends the load rate of the unmanned ship and the operation mode of the unmanned ship to the energy-saving control unit; the energy-saving control unit can set the rotation speed of the diesel engine and the output voltage of the rectifying generator. The control system can enable the power of the generator set of the unmanned ship to be better matched with the load rate, and improves the operation economy of the unmanned ship.

Description

Control system and control method for unmanned ship direct-current variable-speed generator set
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of unmanned ships, and particularly relates to a control system and a control method of a direct-current variable-speed generator set of an unmanned ship.
Background
In view of economic and energy efficient utilization and the like, attention is paid to cost optimization in the aspect of ship operation, and a generator set control technical scheme capable of meeting specific requirements of ships is always sought.
In recent years there has been an increasing interest in using variable speed gensets on board ships, which allows the speed and output voltage of the genset to be adjusted and regulated in accordance with the electrical load connected, thereby making it more economical to operate. According to the related research, compared with the traditional constant-speed device, the speed-change generator set has various advantages, for example, the oil consumption can be saved by 15%, the overhaul interval time is increased by 20% at most, the noise is lower, the power density is higher, and the installation space is smaller. However, at present, the control research of the unmanned ship variable speed generator set in China is very little, and a specific technical scheme for controlling the rotating speed and the voltage of the unmanned ship direct current variable speed generator set is lacking, which is not beneficial to the future development of civil or military unmanned ships in China.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a control system and a control method for a direct current variable speed generator set of an unmanned ship, which enable the unmanned ship to have lower oil consumption, shorter overhaul time and lower noise through variable speed and variable pressure control.
A control system of a direct current variable speed generator set of an unmanned ship comprises a diesel engine, a rectifying generator, an energy-saving control unit and an energy management unit;
the diesel engine is connected with the generator to form a diesel generator set for supplying power to the load on the unmanned ship and is in signal connection with the energy management unit;
the energy management unit is connected with the load signal and can acquire the load working/closing state information so as to acquire the load rate of the unmanned ship; the energy management unit is also in signal connection with the energy-saving control unit, and can control the diesel generator set to start to a preset rotating speed and a preset output voltage according to an external input instruction, and send the load rate of the unmanned ship and the operation mode of the unmanned ship to the energy-saving control unit;
the operation modes comprise a low-noise operation mode, a cruising operation mode or a high-speed sailing operation mode, and each operation mode corresponds to a different power range;
the energy-saving control unit can set the diesel engine rotating speed and the rectified generator output voltage of the diesel engine after receiving the load rate of the unmanned ship and the operation mode of the unmanned ship, and send the set diesel engine rotating speed and the set rectified generator output voltage to the energy management unit, and the energy management unit is used for controlling the rotating speed of the diesel engine and the output voltage of the rectified generator.
Further, the device also comprises a sea water pump and a cooling pipeline;
the seawater pump is in signal connection with the energy management unit and is connected with the diesel generator set through the cooling pipeline to form a seawater cooling system of the diesel generator set;
a temperature sensor is arranged at a cooling water outlet of the seawater cooling system, and the energy management unit can acquire the temperature of the cooling water outlet through the temperature sensor;
the energy-saving control unit can set the rotation speed of the seawater pump according to preset rotation speed control logic of the seawater pump after receiving the load rate of the unmanned ship and the operation mode of the unmanned ship, and send the set rotation speed of the seawater pump to the energy management unit, and the energy management unit is used for controlling the rotation speed of the seawater pump.
Further, the energy-saving control unit comprises a digital quantity input module, a digital quantity output module, a communication module, a control module and a power supply module;
the digital quantity input module, the digital quantity output module and the communication module are respectively connected with the control module through signals;
the control module has the functions of program downloading and debugging, resetting, logic control and processing;
the power supply module provides power for the digital quantity output module and the control module;
the communication module adopts double Ethernet communication/double CAN communication for the external communication interface.
Furthermore, two sets of ECU control systems are used on the diesel engine and are mutually standby.
In addition, the invention also provides a control method of the unmanned ship direct current variable speed generator set, which adopts the control system of the unmanned ship variable speed generator set and comprises the following steps:
step S1: the energy management unit sends a starting instruction to the diesel generator set, the diesel generator set is started to a preset rotating speed, and meanwhile, the energy management unit can manage and send an unmanned ship operation mode to the energy-saving control unit;
step S2: the energy-saving control unit sets the rotating speed of the diesel engine after receiving the unmanned ship operation mode, sets the output voltage of the rectifying generator, sends the set rotating speed of the diesel engine and the set output voltage of the rectifying generator to the energy management unit, and respectively sends the set rotating speed of the diesel engine and the set output voltage of the rectifying generator to the diesel engine and the rectifying generator through the energy management unit, wherein the diesel engine operates according to the set rotating speed, and the rectifying generator operates according to the set output voltage; the different output voltages are capable of meeting the power requirements of the load in the corresponding unmanned ship mode of operation;
the setting of the rotational speed of the diesel engine is set according to the step control: and each unmanned ship operation mode corresponds to a fixed rotating speed.
Further, the fixed rotation speed in the stepwise control is set as follows:
step 1: calculating the power required to be provided by the diesel engine of the unmanned ship in different operation modes;
step 2: adding a set power reserve on the basis of the power required to be provided by the diesel engine to obtain the power ranges of the unmanned ship in different running modes;
step 3: and determining the fixed rotating speed in each operation mode according to the power range and the universal characteristic fuel consumption curve of the diesel engine, wherein the maximum power corresponding to the fixed rotating speed can cover the power range corresponding to the operation mode.
Further, the sea water pump rotation speed control logic is as follows: according to the requirements of the diesel generating set on cooling water flow under different load rates, determining the rotation speed of the sea water pump by combining the flow provided by the sea water pump under different rotation speeds; or the rotation speed of the sea water pump is increased or decreased according to the outlet temperature of the cooling water.
Further, when the energy-saving control unit fails, the energy management unit sends the operation mode to the diesel engine, the diesel engine operates according to the fixed rotation speed corresponding to the operation mode, and the rectifying generator outputs voltage according to the fixed output voltage corresponding to the operation mode.
Further, when the energy-saving control unit and the energy management unit are failed, the diesel engine automatically rises to the rated rotation speed, and the rectifying generator outputs the rated voltage.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) In the control system of the unmanned ship direct current variable speed generator set, a diesel engine is connected with a rectifying generator to form a diesel generator set which supplies power to a load on the unmanned ship and is in signal connection with an energy management unit; the energy management unit is connected with the load signal and can acquire the information of the working/closing state of the load, so as to acquire the load rate of the unmanned ship; the energy management unit is also in signal connection with the energy-saving control unit, and can control the diesel generator set to start to a preset rotating speed and output a preset voltage according to an external input instruction, and send the load rate of the unmanned ship and the unmanned ship operation mode (comprising a low-noise mode, a cruising mode and a high-speed sailing mode with the navigational speed sequentially increased) to the energy-saving control unit, wherein each operation mode corresponds to different power ranges; the energy-saving control unit can set the rotating speed of the diesel engine and the output voltage of the rectifying generator after receiving the load rate of the unmanned ship and the operation mode of the unmanned ship, and send the set rotating speed of the diesel engine and the set output voltage of the rectifying generator to the energy management unit, and respectively send the set rotating speed of the diesel engine and the set output voltage of the rectifying generator to the speed regulator of the diesel engine and the voltage regulator of the rectifying generator through the energy management unit for controlling the rotating speed of the diesel engine and the set output voltage of the rectifying generator. The control system can realize the speed change and pressure change control of the generator set of the unmanned ship under different operation modes and different load rates, so that the power of the generator set of the unmanned ship is better matched with the load rate, the operation economy of the unmanned ship is improved, the endurance of the unmanned ship is improved, the less emission of the unmanned ship is reduced, the operation noise of the unmanned ship is reduced, the concealment of the unmanned ship is enhanced, and the reliability, the adaptability to the environment of a shipyard and the maintainability of the unmanned ship are improved.
(2) The seawater pump is in signal connection with the energy management unit and the energy-saving control unit, and is connected with the diesel generator set through a cooling pipeline to form a seawater cooling system of the diesel generator set; a temperature sensor is arranged at a cooling water outlet of the seawater cooling system, and the energy management unit can collect the temperature of the cooling water outlet through the temperature sensor; the energy-saving control unit can set the rotation speed of the seawater pump according to the preset rotation speed control logic of the seawater pump after receiving the load rate of the unmanned ship and the operation mode of the unmanned ship, and send the set rotation speed of the seawater pump to the energy management unit, and the energy-saving control unit is used for controlling the rotation speed of the seawater pump through the energy management unit. The sea water pump is subjected to rotating speed control, so that the energy consumption of the unmanned ship is reduced and the running economy of the unmanned ship is improved on the premise of ensuring the cooling requirement of the generator set of the diesel mechanism.
(3) The energy-saving control unit comprises a digital quantity input module, a digital quantity output module, a communication module, a control module and a power module, wherein the digital quantity input module, the digital quantity output module and the communication module are in signal connection with the control module, the control module has the functions of downloading and debugging, resetting and logic control and processing of programs, the power module provides power for the digital quantity output module and the control module, and the communication module adopts double Ethernet/double CAN communication for an external communication interface. The energy-saving control unit is simple in structure composition, and each module CAN use a mature micro-control chip, so that the reliability of the rotation speed control of the unmanned ship variable speed generator set is guaranteed, and moreover, as the external communication interface adopts double Ethernet communication/double CAN communication, the energy-saving control unit has good redundancy, when the energy-saving control unit fails, the diesel engine receives the operation mode from the energy management unit to perform rotation speed control, the unmanned ship CAN still continue to operate, and the operation reliability of the unmanned ship is improved.
(4) Two sets of ECU control systems are used on each diesel engine to carry out redundant design, so that the reliability of diesel engine rotating speed control and rectification generator output voltage control in the unmanned ship direct-current variable-speed generator set is further improved.
(5) Step control of diesel engine rotating speed control logic: each unmanned ship operation mode corresponds to a fixed rotation speed, so that under the condition that the rotation speed is set, the diesel engine works at the fixed rotation speed in each operation mode, and each fixed rotation speed of the diesel engine has a corresponding generator output voltage through controlling the generator output voltage, so that control logic is simpler.
(6) In the step control of the rotating speed of the diesel engine, a certain power reserve is considered in the setting of the fixed rotating speed, and meanwhile, a certain power reserve is also considered in the output voltage control of the rectifying generator, so that the overload of the diesel engine is not caused by the change of the external load of the unmanned ship.
(7) The rotational speed control of the seawater pump comprises two modes: according to the requirements of the diesel generator set on the cooling water flow under different load rates, the rotation speed of the sea water pump is determined by combining the flow provided by the sea water pump under different rotation speeds; and the other is to increase or decrease the rotation speed of the sea water pump according to the outlet temperature of the cooling water. The two control modes can be flexibly selected according to working conditions, and the energy sources on the unmanned ship can be more efficiently utilized on the premise of ensuring the cooling requirement of the diesel generator set.
(8) When the energy-saving control unit fails, the energy management unit sends the operation mode to the diesel engine and the rectifying generator, and the diesel engine and the rectifying generator operate according to the corresponding preset rotating speed and preset output voltage under different operation modes, so that the sailing reliability of the unmanned ship is improved.
(9) When the energy-saving control unit and the energy management unit are in failure, the diesel generator set automatically rises to the rated rotation speed, and the rectifying generator outputs rated voltage, so that the reliability of the unmanned ship in the unmanned navigation process is further ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic system block diagram of a unmanned ship direct current variable speed generator set control system provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the energy saving control unit in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing fuel consumption of a diesel engine with universal characteristics according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the optimum power curve formed according to FIG. 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a control flow of the energy saving control unit in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one:
the embodiment provides a rotational speed control system of unmanned ship variable speed generator set, as shown in fig. 1, the system includes diesel engine, rectifying generator, energy-saving control unit and energy management unit, wherein:
the diesel engine is connected with the rectifying generator to form a diesel generator set to supply power to a load on the unmanned ship and is in signal connection with the energy management unit; the energy management unit is connected with the load signal and can acquire the information of the working/closing state of the load, so as to acquire the load rate of the unmanned ship; the energy management unit is also in signal connection with the energy-saving control unit and can control the diesel generator set to start to a preset rotating speed and output a preset voltage according to an external input instruction; the energy management unit sends the load rate of the unmanned ship and the unmanned ship operation mode (the operation mode comprises a low-noise operation mode, a cruising operation mode or a high-speed sailing operation mode) to the energy-saving control unit, and each operation mode corresponds to a different power range; the energy-saving control unit can set the rotation speed of the diesel engine and set the output voltage of the rectifying generator after receiving the load rate of the unmanned ship and the running mode signal of the unmanned ship, and send the set rotation speed of the diesel engine and the output voltage of the rectifying generator to the energy management unit, and the energy management unit controls the rotation speed of the diesel engine and the output voltage of the rectifying generator, so that each rotation speed setting of the diesel engine has a corresponding setting of the output voltage of the generator. The unmanned ship navigation speed corresponding to the low-noise operation mode, the cruise operation mode and the high-speed navigation operation mode is increased in sequence, and the low-noise operation mode has the most strict requirements on vibration and noise.
The control system of the unmanned ship direct-current variable-speed generator set further comprises a sea water pump and a cooling pipeline, wherein the sea water pump is in signal connection with the energy management unit and is connected with the diesel generator set through the cooling pipeline to form a sea water cooling system of the diesel generator set, a temperature sensor is arranged at a cooling water outlet of the sea water cooling system, and the energy management unit can collect the temperature of the cooling water outlet through the temperature sensor; the energy-saving control unit can set the rotation speed of the seawater pump according to the preset rotation speed control logic of the seawater pump after receiving the load rate of the unmanned ship and the operation mode of the unmanned ship, and send the set rotation speed of the seawater pump to the energy management unit, and the energy-saving control unit is used for controlling the rotation speed of the seawater pump through the energy management unit.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the diesel engine is a four-stroke, water-cooled, supercharged and intercooled diesel engine, and mainly comprises a crank case, a moving part, a cylinder head, an air valve control mechanism, a rotation speed control system, a lubricating oil system, a fuel oil system, a cooling water system, an air inlet/outlet system, a starting/stopping system, a monitoring system and other devices and systems, and includes accessories such as a pre-fuel pump, a starting motor, a rectifying generator and the like. In this embodiment, the unmanned ship is configured with three diesel generator sets, the main working conditions are the scheme of alternately running and backing up each other, each diesel generator set uses two sets of ECU control systems (master+slave), a single common rail pump, and each diesel generator set meets the following indexes:
Figure BDA0003996076460000081
in the embodiment, the rectification generator is a 1000KW permanent magnet generator and comprises a composite excitation generator body, a twelve-phase rectification device, an excitation regulating device, an air cooler, a monitoring sensor and other components.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the energy-saving control unit is composed of a control module, a power module, a digital quantity input module, a digital quantity output module, and a communication module. The power supply module takes the power supply conversion module and the power supply isolation module as cores, converts external 24V DC into 5V DC and 3.3V DC, and respectively supplies the DC to the digital output module and the control module for use. The digital quantity input module and the digital quantity output module are both made of an optical coupler isolator as a core, and have the function of completely isolating the control module from an external power supply, wherein 8 paths of digital quantity input modules are provided, and 4 paths of digital quantity output modules are provided. The communication module has CAN isolation and CAN sending functions, and more specifically, the communication module adopts dual Ethernet communication/dual CAN communication for the external communication interface, and the two communication interfaces are standby.
The energy-saving control unit and the energy management unit are communicated through two paths of CAN networks, and CAN1 and CAN2 are redundant; 250kbps, adaptive, shielded twisted pair.
In the present embodiment, the low noise operation mode, the cruise operation mode, and the high speed navigation operation mode described above, the power required to be provided by the diesel engine is as follows:
Figure BDA0003996076460000091
embodiment two:
on the basis of the first embodiment, the embodiment provides a control method of a direct current variable speed generator set of an unmanned ship, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: the energy management unit sends a starting instruction to the diesel generator set, and the diesel generator set is started to a preset rotating speed and outputs a preset voltage; meanwhile, the energy management unit sends an unmanned ship operation mode to the energy-saving control unit;
step S2: after receiving the unmanned ship operation mode, the energy-saving control unit sets the rotating speed of the diesel engine, sets the output voltage of the rectifying generator, sends the set rotating speed of the diesel engine and the set output voltage of the rectifying generator to the energy management unit, and sends the set rotating speed and the set output voltage of the rectifying generator to the diesel engine and the rectifying generator through the energy management unit, and the diesel engine operates according to the set rotating speed to enable the rectifying generator to output the set voltage; the output voltage control of the rectifying generator considers certain power reserves, and different output voltages can meet the power requirements of loads in corresponding unmanned ship operation modes.
Setting the rotation speed of the diesel engine according to the step control setting: each unmanned ship operation mode corresponds to a fixed rotating speed.
Specifically, the step control refers to dividing the load ratio into a plurality of sections according to the actual condition of the optimal rotation speed under each load ratio in the rotation speed variable range, wherein each section has a determined target rotation speed, and when the load changes in a section, the target rotation speed does not change. More specifically, the fixed rotation speed in the above-described stepwise control is set as follows:
step 1: calculating the power required to be provided by the diesel engine of the unmanned ship in different operation modes;
according to a first embodiment, the diesel engine is required to provide approximately 260kW, 540kW and 980kW of power in the low noise operation mode, the cruise operation mode and the high speed sailing operation mode, respectively;
step 2: adding a set power reserve on the basis of the power required to be provided by the diesel engine to obtain the power range of the unmanned ship in different operation modes; in this embodiment, the load fluctuation in each of the operation modes is temporarily considered to be 15%, and thus the power ranges of the diesel engine are about 220.0-300kW, 460-625kW, and 830-1125kW in the low-noise operation mode, the cruise operation mode, and the high-speed sailing operation mode, respectively. The maximum power corresponding to the rotation speed of the diesel engine selected by each working condition can cover the power range.
Step 3: the fixed rotational speed in each operating mode is determined from the power range and the universal characteristic fuel consumption curve of the diesel engine. The maximum power corresponding to the fixed rotational speed should be able to cover the power range in the corresponding operating mode.
Referring to fig. 3, the setting of the fixed rotational speeds for the low noise operation mode, the cruise operation mode, and the high speed operation mode may be suggested as follows:
low noise operation mode (260 kW,220.0-300 kW): as shown in the universal characteristic fuel consumption curve of the diesel engine, when the power of the diesel engine is 260kW, the diesel engine can reach a lower fuel consumption value at about 1000rpm, and if the rotating speed is lower, the diesel engine is not beneficial to long-time stable operation; while the maximum power available from a diesel engine exceeds 297kW at 1000 rpm. In combination with the above conditions, the fixed rotation speed is set at 1000rpm in the low noise operation mode.
Cruise operation mode (543 kW,460-625 kW): the diesel engine is relatively low in oil consumption at 1300rpm, but high in vibration and noise compared with 1200 rpm.
High speed sailing mode of operation (977 kW,830-1125 kW): since the power of the diesel engine in the high-speed sailing operation mode is already close to the rated power of the diesel engine, the range of the power of the diesel engine considering load fluctuation even exceeds the rated power of the diesel engine, and the fixed rotating speed of the diesel engine in the high-speed sailing operation mode is considered to be 1500rpm.
As shown in fig. 4, the optimum power curve of the diesel engine basically exhibits the following characteristics: at the same power, a lower fuel consumption rate can be obtained when the rotating speed is slightly higher. But at higher speeds, vibrations and noise will be greater.
The rotational speed control logic of the energy-saving control unit to the sea water pump is as follows: according to the requirements of the diesel generator set on the flow of cooling water under different load rates, the rotational speed of the sea water pump is determined by combining the flow provided by the sea water pump under different rotational speeds; or the rotation speed of the sea water pump is increased or decreased according to the outlet temperature of cooling water in the sea water cooling system of the diesel generating set.
As shown in fig. 5, it can be seen from the workflow of the diesel-electric generator set when the marine vessel needs to enter a low noise operation mode, a cruise operation mode or a high speed sailing operation mode, the energy management unit controls the diesel-electric generator set to start according to the operation mode to a set rotational speed (e.g., the low noise operation mode corresponds to 1000rpm, the cruise operation mode corresponds to 1200rpm, and the high speed sailing operation mode corresponds to 1500 rpm). After the mode is established, the energy management unit sends the operation mode to the energy-saving control unit through CAN communication. The energy-saving control unit sets the rotation speed of the diesel engine and the sea water pump and the output voltage of the rectifying generator, and sends the set rotation speed of the diesel engine, the rotation speed of the sea water pump and the output voltage of the rectifying generator to the energy management unit, and the set rotation speed of the diesel engine, the set rotation speed of the sea water pump and the set output voltage of the rectifying generator are respectively transmitted to a speed regulator of the diesel engine, a frequency converter of the sea water pump and a voltage regulator of the rectifying generator through the energy management unit. When the energy-saving control unit fails, such as power failure, module failure or communication failure, the energy management unit gives an operation mode signal to the diesel engine and the rectifying generator, the diesel engine operates according to the corresponding fixed rotation speed under different operation modes, and the rectifying generator outputs voltage according to the corresponding fixed output voltage of the operation modes. When the energy-saving control unit and the energy management unit are in failure (the energy-saving control unit and the energy management unit have failure self-checking functions), the diesel engine automatically rises to the rated rotation speed to operate, and the rectifying generator outputs rated voltage.
In summary, the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The control system of the unmanned ship direct-current variable-speed generator set is characterized by comprising a diesel engine, a rectifying generator, an energy-saving control unit and an energy management unit;
the diesel engine and the generator form a diesel generator set to supply power to the load of the unmanned ship and are in signal connection with the energy management unit;
the energy management unit is connected with the load signal and can acquire the load working/closing state information so as to acquire the load rate of the unmanned ship; the energy management unit is also in signal connection with the energy-saving control unit, and can control the diesel generator set to start to a preset rotating speed and a preset output voltage according to an external input instruction, and send the load rate of the unmanned ship and the operation mode of the unmanned ship to the energy-saving control unit;
the operation modes comprise a low-noise operation mode, a cruising operation mode or a high-speed sailing operation mode, and each operation mode corresponds to a different power range;
the energy-saving control unit can set the diesel engine rotating speed and the rectified generator output voltage of the diesel engine after receiving the load rate of the unmanned ship and the operation mode of the unmanned ship, and send the set diesel engine rotating speed and the set rectified generator output voltage to the energy management unit, and the energy management unit is used for controlling the rotating speed of the diesel engine and the output voltage of the rectified generator.
2. The unmanned ship direct current variable speed generator set control system of claim 1, further comprising a sea water pump and a cooling line;
the seawater pump is in signal connection with the energy management unit and is connected with the diesel generator set through the cooling pipeline to form a seawater cooling system of the diesel generator set;
a temperature sensor is arranged at a cooling water outlet of the seawater cooling system, and the energy management unit can acquire the temperature of the cooling water outlet through the temperature sensor;
the energy-saving control unit can set the rotation speed of the seawater pump according to preset rotation speed control logic of the seawater pump after receiving the load rate of the unmanned ship and the operation mode of the unmanned ship, and send the set rotation speed of the seawater pump to the energy management unit, and the energy management unit is used for controlling the rotation speed of the seawater pump.
3. The control system of the unmanned ship direct current variable speed generator set according to claim 1, wherein the energy-saving control unit comprises a digital quantity input module, a digital quantity output module, a communication module, a control module and a power supply module;
the digital quantity input module, the digital quantity output module and the communication module are respectively connected with the control module through signals;
the control module has the functions of program downloading and debugging, resetting, logic control and processing;
the power supply module provides power for the digital quantity output module and the control module;
the communication module adopts double Ethernet communication/double CAN communication for the external communication interface.
4. A control system for an unmanned ship direct current variable speed generator set according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein two sets of ECU control systems are used on the diesel engine and are mutually standby.
5. A control method of an unmanned ship direct current variable speed generator set, characterized in that the control system of the unmanned ship variable speed generator set according to any one of claims 2-4 is adopted, comprising the following steps:
step S1: the energy management unit sends a starting instruction to the diesel generator set, the diesel generator set is started to a preset rotating speed, and meanwhile, the energy management unit can manage and send an unmanned ship operation mode to the energy-saving control unit;
step S2: the energy-saving control unit sets the rotating speed of the diesel engine after receiving the unmanned ship operation mode, sets the output voltage of the rectifying generator, sends the set rotating speed of the diesel engine and the set output voltage of the rectifying generator to the energy management unit, and respectively sends the set rotating speed of the diesel engine and the set output voltage of the rectifying generator to the diesel engine and the rectifying generator through the energy management unit, wherein the diesel engine operates according to the set rotating speed, and the rectifying generator operates according to the set output voltage; the different output voltages are capable of meeting the power requirements of the load in the corresponding unmanned ship mode of operation;
the setting of the rotational speed of the diesel engine is set according to the step control: and each unmanned ship operation mode corresponds to a fixed rotating speed.
6. The control method of the unmanned ship direct current variable speed generator set according to claim 5, wherein the fixed rotation speed in the step control is set according to the steps of:
step 1: calculating the power required to be provided by the diesel engine of the unmanned ship in different operation modes;
step 2: adding a set power reserve on the basis of the power required to be provided by the diesel engine to obtain the power ranges of the unmanned ship in different running modes;
step 3: and determining the fixed rotating speed in each operation mode according to the power range and the universal characteristic fuel consumption curve of the diesel engine, wherein the maximum power corresponding to the fixed rotating speed can cover the power range corresponding to the operation mode.
7. The control method of the unmanned ship direct current variable speed generator set according to claim 6, wherein the sea water pump rotation speed control logic is: according to the requirements of the diesel generating set on cooling water flow under different load rates, determining the rotation speed of the sea water pump by combining the flow provided by the sea water pump under different rotation speeds; or the rotation speed of the sea water pump is increased or decreased according to the outlet temperature of the cooling water.
8. The control method of the unmanned ship direct-current variable-speed generator set according to claim 6, wherein when the energy-saving control unit fails, the energy management unit transmits the operation mode to the diesel engine, the diesel engine operates at the fixed rotation speed corresponding to the operation mode, and the rectifying generator performs voltage output according to the fixed output voltage corresponding to the operation mode.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the diesel engine is automatically ramped up to a rated rotational speed and the rectified generator outputs a rated voltage when both the energy saving control unit and the energy management unit fail.
CN202211593859.9A 2022-12-13 2022-12-13 Control system and control method for unmanned ship direct-current variable-speed generator set Pending CN116169912A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117605589A (en) * 2024-01-24 2024-02-27 山西汇达电信设备有限公司 Energy-saving control method of diesel generator

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117605589A (en) * 2024-01-24 2024-02-27 山西汇达电信设备有限公司 Energy-saving control method of diesel generator
CN117605589B (en) * 2024-01-24 2024-03-29 山西汇达电信设备有限公司 Energy-saving control method of diesel generator

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