CN109878686B - Double-engine single-propeller type gas-electricity hybrid ship power system - Google Patents
Double-engine single-propeller type gas-electricity hybrid ship power system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109878686B CN109878686B CN201910149862.3A CN201910149862A CN109878686B CN 109878686 B CN109878686 B CN 109878686B CN 201910149862 A CN201910149862 A CN 201910149862A CN 109878686 B CN109878686 B CN 109878686B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a double-machine single-paddle type gas-electricity hybrid ship power system which comprises a gas machine, a generator, a motor, a storage battery, a clutch, a gear box, a propeller, a natural gas storage and supply device, a power transformation device, a shore power device, a ship power grid and a ship load. The first gas machine and the second gas machine are connected with the gear box through clutches, the motor and the generator are respectively connected with the gear box through the clutches, and the power sources are a storage battery, a generator and a fuel cell. The invention adopts diversified energy arrangement forms and has various working modes, can meet the requirements of the ship under various environments and working conditions, can ensure that the gas engine and the motor are always maintained in a high-efficiency area, reduces the fuel consumption and the emission of the gas engine, improves the dynamic response of the ship, and enlarges the seaworthiness area of the ship.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a ship power system, in particular to a ship hybrid power system.
Background
With the rapid increase of the international oil price and the implementation of the stricter and stricter emission regulations, higher requirements are put forward on the economy and the emission performance of ships, and energy conservation and emission reduction become important tasks in national economic development. Ships are high-energy-consumption transportation tools, and the energy-saving and emission-reducing technology of the ships becomes one of hot spots of attention and research.
As a future environmental strategy we aimed at reducing energy consumption and reducing CO2, SOx, NOx and PM emissions. There are many ways to reduce pollution and emissions from ships, the best of which is to use alternative energy sources. Natural gas is the inevitable trend of future ship engine development as the fuel of engine, and natural gas has the advantages of green environmental protection, economy, safety and reliability. But the natural gas engine has the defects of poor dynamic response, insufficient power and the like due to the limitation of low technical level of the natural gas engine at the present stage.
The pure electric ship electric propulsion system is the leading edge of future ship technical research, and has the advantages of good economy, maneuverability, safety, low noise, low pollution and the like. However, under the influence of the power generation mode, power density and energy storage technology, the current pure electric ship cannot achieve high-performance speed, acceleration and self-control, and the cruising ability of the pure electric ship is limited by the battery capacity of the pure electric ship.
The hybrid power ship has the advantages of both an internal combustion engine propulsion ship and a pure electric propulsion ship: compared with an internal combustion engine for propelling a ship, the internal combustion engine can select the working mode according to the load, so that the fuel economy under all working conditions is ensured, and the redundancy is good; compared with a pure electric propulsion ship, the initial investment cost is low, and the cruising ability is strong. The hybrid power technology of the ship solves the contradiction between the energy problem and the immature technology, realizes the high-efficiency utilization of fuel, and provides a feasible scheme for the transition from the traditional mechanical propulsion to the pure electric propulsion of the ship, so that the development of the hybrid power ship has great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a double-engine single-propeller type gas-electricity hybrid ship power system which improves the dynamic property, the economical efficiency and the emission property of a ship.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention relates to a double-engine single-propeller type pneumatic-electric hybrid ship power system which is characterized in that: the LNG storage tank is connected with the first gas machine and the second gas machine respectively through a gasification heat exchange device and a shunt, the storage battery is connected with a ship power grid through a storage battery power transformation device, and the ship load is connected with the ship power grid.
The present invention may further comprise:
1. adopting a mechanical propulsion mode, wherein the mechanical propulsion mode comprises a gas engine propulsion mode and a gas engine auxiliary motor propulsion mode;
gas engine propulsion mode: when the first gas machine is in a running state, the first clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the second clutch and the third clutch are disconnected, the power supply of the motor is disconnected, and the first gas machine drives the propeller to run; or the second gas machine is in a running state, the third clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the first clutch and the second clutch are disconnected, the power supply of the motor is disconnected, and the propeller is driven by the second gas machine to run; or the first clutch, the third clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the second clutch is disconnected, the power supply of the motor is disconnected, and the propeller is driven by the first gas engine and the second gas engine in parallel;
auxiliary power generation propulsion mode of the gas engine: the first gas machine and the generator are in a running state, the first clutch, the second clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the third clutch is disconnected, the power supply of the motor is disconnected, the first gas machine drives the propeller to run and simultaneously drives the generator to generate electricity, and the generated electricity enters a ship power grid through the generator power transformation device; or the second gas machine and the generator are in a running state, the second clutch, the third clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the first clutch is disconnected, the power supply of the motor is disconnected, the second gas machine drives the propeller to run and simultaneously drives the generator to generate electricity, and the generated electricity enters the ship power grid through the generator power transformation device; or all the clutches are closed, the power supply of the motor is disconnected, the first gas engine and the second gas engine are connected in parallel to drive the generator and the propeller together, and the generated electricity of the generator can be converged into a ship power grid.
2. Employing electric propulsion modes including a battery propulsion mode, a generator-generated propulsion mode, a hybrid electric propulsion mode, a shore power charging mode;
battery propulsion mode: the motor is in a running state, the required power is provided by the storage battery and is converged into a ship power grid through the storage battery power transformation device, the fourth clutch is closed, the other clutches are disconnected, and the motor drives the propeller to run;
the generator generates electricity and pushes the mode: the generator is driven by the first gas engine and the second gas engine in parallel or independently, the generated electricity can be converged into a ship power grid, the motor is in a running state, the motor drives the propeller to work, and the required electricity is provided by the generator;
hybrid electric propulsion mode: the motor is in a running state, the required electric power is provided by the storage battery and the generator through the ship power grid and is converged into the ship power grid through the storage battery power transformation device and the generator power transformation device respectively, the fourth clutch is closed, the other clutches are disconnected, and the motor drives the propeller to run;
shore power charging mode: when the ship stops at a port and a shore, the storage battery is charged by an external power supply of the shore power charging device.
3. Adopting a hybrid propulsion mode, wherein the hybrid propulsion mode comprises a gas engine and electric motor propulsion mode and a gas engine and electric motor auxiliary power generation propulsion mode;
gas machine + motor propulsion mode: the first gas machine and the motor are in a working mode, the first clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the second clutch and the third clutch are disconnected, the propeller is propelled by the first gas machine and the motor together, and the electric energy required by the motor is provided by the storage battery; or the motor of the second gas machine is in a working mode, the third clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the first clutch and the second clutch are disconnected, the propeller is propelled by the first gas machine and the motor together, and the electric energy required by the motor is provided by the storage battery; or the first gas machine and the second gas machine, the motor is in a working mode, the first clutch, the third clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the second clutch is opened, the propeller is jointly propelled by the first gas machine, the second gas machine and the motor, and the electric energy required by the motor is provided by the storage battery;
the gas engine and the motor assist in generating power and propelling mode: the first gas machine, the motor and the generator are in a working mode, the first clutch, the second clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the third clutch is disconnected, the propeller is jointly propelled by the first gas machine and the motor, electric energy generated by the engine is converged into a ship power grid through a generator power transformation device, and electric energy required by the motor is provided by the storage battery and the generator independently or in combination; or the second gas machine, the motor and the generator are in a working mode, the second clutch, the third clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the first clutch is disconnected, the propeller is propelled by the first gas machine and the motor together, the electric energy generated by the generator is converged into a ship power grid through a generator transformation device, and the electric energy required by the motor is provided by the storage battery and the generator independently or in combination; or the first gas machine, the second gas machine, the motor and the generator are in a working mode, all clutches are closed, the propeller is propelled by the first gas machine, the second gas machine and the motor together, electric energy generated by the engine is converged into a ship power grid through a generator transformation device, and electric energy required by the motor is provided by the storage battery and the generator independently or in combination.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention provides a double-engine single-propeller type gas-electricity hybrid ship power system which is provided with a gas engine and an electric motor, has wide power coverage range, can meet the power requirement of a ship under more working conditions, and can enable the gas engine and the electric motor to better work in a high-efficiency area, thereby reducing the fuel consumption of the gas engine and improving the economy and the emission of the ship.
2. The gas engine with different power is adopted, the high-efficiency working area range is large, the power range is wide, the requirement for long-time cruising of the ship under different working conditions and different speeds is met, and the conditions that the emission performance of the ship is poor during low-speed cruising and the power of a ship power grid is easy to be in shortage during electric propulsion are avoided.
3. The hybrid power system provided by the invention can realize multiple working modes, improve the efficiency of the hybrid power system of the ship to the maximum extent and select a proper working mode according to the actual power demand and the ship navigation environment. The scheme not only can meet the emission standards of different ports and sea areas, but also can effectively relieve the contradiction between the immature technology and the increasingly strict emission standard, and improves the economy and the emission performance of the ship.
4. The motor has excellent power response, can be closed and opened at any time, can quickly adjust power output when the ship changes working conditions, improves the power response of the ship, and reduces system maintenance.
5. The noise reduction can be greatly realized during electric propulsion, the seaworthiness area of the ship is increased, and the living comfort of sailors is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
with reference to fig. 1, the dual-engine single-propeller type gas-electric hybrid ship power system of the present invention includes gas engines 1a and 1b, clutches 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d, a gear box 3, a generator 4, a generator power transformation device 5, a ship power grid 6, a shore power device 7, a storage battery 8, a storage battery power transformation device 9, a ship load 10, a gasification device 11, a splitter 12, an LNG tank 13, a motor 14, and a propeller 15. The output ends of the gas engine 1a and the gas engine 1b are respectively connected with the input end of the gear box 3 through the clutch 2a and the clutch 2c, the generator 4 and the motor 14 are respectively connected with the output end of the gear box through the clutch 2b and the clutch 2d, and the propeller 15 is connected with the output end of the motor 14. The LNG tank 13 is connected to the gas engines 1a and 1b via the vaporizer 11 and the splitter 12. The storage battery 8 is connected with the ship power grid 6 through a power transformation device 9, and the shore power device 7 and the ship load 10 are connected with the ship power grid 6.
In this embodiment, the gas engines 1a and 1b are preferably pure natural gas engines or dual-fuel engines, the generator 4 and the motor 16 are preferably permanent magnet motors having advantages of high efficiency, high power density, long service life, and the like, and the storage battery 8 is preferably a lithium iron phosphate battery having high power density and small volume and weight. The gasification heat exchanger 11 is preferably an ultra-low temperature resistant heat exchanger having multi-stage cold energy heat exchange.
The working modes of the invention mainly comprise a mechanical propulsion mode, an electric propulsion mode and a hybrid propulsion mode.
1. Mechanical propulsion mode
The mechanical propulsion modes can be divided into: a gas engine propulsion mode and a gas engine auxiliary motor propulsion mode.
1) Gas engine propulsion mode: in the working mode, the second gas machine 1a is in a running state, the clutches 2a and 2d are closed, the clutches 2b and 2c are disconnected, the power supply of the motor 14 is disconnected, and the gas machine 1a drives the propeller 15 to run; or the first gas machine 1b is in a running state, the clutches 2c and 2d are closed, the clutches 2a and 2b are disconnected, the power supply of the motor 16 is disconnected, and the gas machine 1b drives the propeller 15 to run; alternatively, the clutches 2a, 2c, and 2d are closed, the clutch 2b is opened, the electric motor 14 is powered off, and the propeller 15 is driven by the gas engines 1a and 1b in parallel.
2) Auxiliary power generation propulsion mode of the gas engine: in the working mode, the gas engine 1a and the generator 4 are in a running state, the clutches 2a, 2b and 2d are closed, the clutch 2c is disconnected, the power supply of the motor 14 is disconnected, the gas engine 1a drives the propeller 15 to run and simultaneously drives the generator 4 to generate electricity, and the generated electricity enters the ship power grid 6 through the generator power transformation device 5; or the gas machine 1b and the generator 4 are in a running state, the clutches 2b, 2c and 2d are closed, the clutch 2a is disconnected, the power supply of the motor 14 is disconnected, the gas machine 1b drives the propeller 15 to run and simultaneously drives the generator 4 to generate electricity, and the generated electricity enters the ship power grid through the generator power transformation device 5; or all the clutches are closed, the power supply of the motor 14 is disconnected, the gas machines 1a and 1b are connected in parallel to drive the generator 4 and the propeller 15 together, and the generated power of the generator 4 is converged into the ship power grid 6.
2. Electric propulsion mode
The electric propulsion modes can be divided into: a battery propulsion mode, a generator power generation propulsion mode, a hybrid electric propulsion mode, and a shore power charging mode.
1) Battery propulsion mode: in this operating mode, the electric motor 14 is in an operating state, the required electric power is supplied by the storage battery 8 and is converged into the ship power grid 6 through the storage battery power transformation device 9, the clutch 2d is closed, the other clutches are opened, and the propeller 15 is driven by the electric motor 14 to operate.
2) The generator generates electricity and pushes the mode: in this operation mode, the generator 4 is driven by the gas engines 1a, 1b in parallel or separately, the generated power is collected into the ship power grid 6, the motor 14 is in operation, the motor 14 drives the propeller 15 to operate, and the required power is provided by the generator 4.
3) Hybrid electric propulsion mode: in this operating mode, the electric motor 14 is in a running state, the electric power required by the electric motor is supplied by the storage battery 8 and the generator 4 through the ship power grid 6, and is respectively converged into the ship power grid 6 through the storage battery power transformation device 9 and the generator power transformation device 5, the clutch 2d is closed, the other clutches are opened, and the electric motor 14 drives the propeller 15 to run.
4) Shore power charging mode: in this mode of operation, when the ship is berthed at port and bank, the external power supply of accessible bank electricity charging device 7 charges for battery 8.
3. Hybrid propulsion mode
The hybrid propulsion modes can be divided into: a gas machine and motor propulsion mode and a gas machine and motor auxiliary power generation propulsion mode.
1) Gas machine + motor propulsion mode: in this operating mode, the gas engine 1a, the electric motor 14 are in the operating mode, the clutches 2a, 2d are closed, the clutches 2b, 2c are opened, the propeller 15 is jointly propelled by the gas engine 1a and the electric motor 14, and the electric energy required by the electric motor 14 is provided by the storage battery 8; or the gas machine 1b, the motor 14 is in the working mode, the clutches 2c and 2d are closed, the clutches 2a and 2b are opened, the propeller 15 is jointly propelled by the gas machine 1a and the motor 14, and the electric energy required by the motor 14 is provided by the storage battery 8; or the gas machines 1a, 1b, the electric motor 16 is in the working mode, the clutches 2a, 2c, 2d are closed, the clutch 2b is opened, the propeller 15 is jointly propelled by the gas machines 1a, 1b and the electric motor 14, and the electric energy required by the electric motor 14 is provided by the storage battery 8.
2) The gas engine and the motor assist in generating power and propelling mode: in the working mode, the gas engine 1a, the motor 14 and the engine 4 are in the working mode, the clutches 2a, 2b and 2d are closed, the clutch 2c is opened, the propeller 15 is jointly propelled by the gas engine 1a and the motor 14, electric energy generated by the engine 4 is converged into a ship power grid 6 through the generator power transformation device 5, and electric energy required by the motor 14 is provided by the storage battery 8 and the generator 4 singly or in combination; or the gas engine 1b, the motor 14 and the generator 4 are in a working mode, the clutches 2b, 2c and 2d are closed, the clutch 2a is disconnected, the propeller 15 is jointly propelled by the gas engine 1a and the motor 14, the electric energy generated by the engine 4 is converged into the ship power grid 6 through the generator power transformation device 5, and the electric energy required by the motor 14 is provided by the storage battery 8 and the generator 4 singly or in combination; or the gas machines 1a and 1b, the electric motor 16 and the generator 4 are in working modes, all clutches are closed, the propeller 15 is propelled by the gas machines 1a and 1b and the electric motor 14 together, the electric energy generated by the engine 4 is converged into the ship power grid 6 through the generator transformation device 5, and the electric energy required by the electric motor 14 is provided by the storage battery 8 and the generator 4 singly or in combination.
In the above mode: the mechanical propulsion mode is suitable for long-time cruising with stable ship operation conditions or areas with low requirements on ship emission and noise; the electric propulsion mode is suitable for the condition of low power requirement when the ship is on the shore or leaves, or sails in an area with higher requirements on ship emission and noise; the hybrid propulsion mode is suitable for when the ship has a certain demand on propulsion power or navigational speed.
The ship hybrid power system provided by the invention can be used without arranging a ship diesel auxiliary engine for power generation, the power required by the ship load 10 is provided by the storage battery 8, the electric energy generated by the generator 4 is preferentially used when the generator is operated, and the priority of the power utilization of the ship load 10 is as follows: the generator 4 is larger than the battery 8.
Claims (4)
1. A double-engine single-propeller type gas-electricity hybrid ship power system is characterized in that: the power generation device comprises a first gas machine, a second gas machine, a gear box, a generator, a motor and an LNG liquid storage tank, wherein the gear box comprises a first gear, a fifth gear, a second gear is meshed with the first gear and the third gear respectively, a fourth gear is meshed with the fifth gear, the third gear is coaxial with the fourth gear, the first gas machine is connected with the second gear through a first clutch, the generator is connected with the first gear through a second clutch, the second gas machine is connected with the third gear through a third clutch, the motor is connected with the fifth gear through a fourth clutch, a propeller is connected with the motor, the LNG liquid storage tank is connected with the first gas machine and the second gas machine through a gasification heat exchange device and a shunt respectively, a storage battery is connected with a ship power grid through a storage battery power transformation device, a ship load is connected with the ship power grid, and the power of the first gas machine and the second gas machine are different.
2. The dual-engine single-paddle gas-electric hybrid ship power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: adopting a mechanical propulsion mode, wherein the mechanical propulsion mode comprises a gas engine propulsion mode and a gas engine auxiliary power generation propulsion mode;
gas engine propulsion mode: when the first gas machine is in a running state, the first clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the second clutch and the third clutch are disconnected, the power supply of the motor is disconnected, and the first gas machine drives the propeller to run; or the second gas machine is in a running state, the third clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the first clutch and the second clutch are disconnected, the power supply of the motor is disconnected, and the propeller is driven by the second gas machine to run; or the first clutch, the third clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the second clutch is disconnected, the power supply of the motor is disconnected, and the propeller is driven by the first gas engine and the second gas engine in parallel;
auxiliary power generation propulsion mode of the gas engine: the first gas machine and the generator are in a running state, the first clutch, the second clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the third clutch is disconnected, the power supply of the motor is disconnected, the first gas machine drives the propeller to run and simultaneously drives the generator to generate electricity, and the generated electricity enters a ship power grid through the generator power transformation device; or the second gas machine and the generator are in a running state, the second clutch, the third clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the first clutch is disconnected, the power supply of the motor is disconnected, the second gas machine drives the propeller to run and simultaneously drives the generator to generate electricity, and the generated electricity enters the ship power grid through the generator power transformation device; or all the clutches are closed, the power supply of the motor is disconnected, the first gas engine and the second gas engine are connected in parallel to drive the generator and the propeller together, and the generated electricity of the generator can be converged into a ship power grid.
3. The dual-engine single-paddle gas-electric hybrid ship power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: employing electric propulsion modes including a battery propulsion mode, a generator-generated propulsion mode, a hybrid electric propulsion mode, a shore power charging mode;
battery propulsion mode: the motor is in a running state, the required power is provided by the storage battery and is converged into a ship power grid through the storage battery power transformation device, the fourth clutch is closed, the other clutches are disconnected, and the motor drives the propeller to run;
the generator generates electricity and pushes the mode: the generator is driven by the first gas engine and the second gas engine in parallel or independently, the generated electricity can be converged into a ship power grid, the motor is in a running state, the motor drives the propeller to work, and the required electricity is provided by the generator;
hybrid electric propulsion mode: the motor is in a running state, the required electric power is provided by the storage battery and the generator through the ship power grid and is converged into the ship power grid through the storage battery power transformation device and the generator power transformation device respectively, the fourth clutch is closed, the other clutches are disconnected, and the motor drives the propeller to run;
shore power charging mode: when the ship stops at a port and a shore, the storage battery is charged by an external power supply of the shore power charging device.
4. The dual-engine single-paddle gas-electric hybrid ship power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: adopting a hybrid propulsion mode, wherein the hybrid propulsion mode comprises a gas engine and electric motor propulsion mode and a gas engine and electric motor auxiliary power generation propulsion mode;
gas machine + motor propulsion mode: the first gas machine and the motor are in a working mode, the first clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the second clutch and the third clutch are disconnected, the propeller is propelled by the first gas machine and the motor together, and the electric energy required by the motor is provided by the storage battery; or the motor of the second gas machine is in a working mode, the third clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the first clutch and the second clutch are disconnected, the propeller is propelled by the second gas machine and the motor together, and the electric energy required by the motor is provided by the storage battery; or the first gas machine and the second gas machine, the motor is in a working mode, the first clutch, the third clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the second clutch is opened, the propeller is jointly propelled by the first gas machine, the second gas machine and the motor, and the electric energy required by the motor is provided by the storage battery;
the gas engine and the motor assist in generating power and propelling mode: the first gas machine, the motor and the generator are in a working mode, the first clutch, the second clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the third clutch is disconnected, the propeller is jointly propelled by the first gas machine and the motor, electric energy generated by the engine is converged into a ship power grid through a generator power transformation device, and electric energy required by the motor is provided by the storage battery and the generator independently or in combination; or the second gas machine, the motor and the generator are in a working mode, the second clutch, the third clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the first clutch is disconnected, the propeller is propelled by the second gas machine and the motor together, the electric energy generated by the generator is converged into a ship power grid through a generator power transformation device, and the electric energy required by the motor is provided by the storage battery and the generator independently or in combination; or the first gas machine, the second gas machine, the motor and the generator are in a working mode, all clutches are closed, the propeller is propelled by the first gas machine, the second gas machine and the motor together, electric energy generated by the engine is converged into a ship power grid through a generator transformation device, and electric energy required by the motor is provided by the storage battery and the generator independently or in combination.
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