CN116169194A - Photovoltaic sun shield - Google Patents

Photovoltaic sun shield Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116169194A
CN116169194A CN202111381593.7A CN202111381593A CN116169194A CN 116169194 A CN116169194 A CN 116169194A CN 202111381593 A CN202111381593 A CN 202111381593A CN 116169194 A CN116169194 A CN 116169194A
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China
Prior art keywords
blade
crystalline silicon
sun visor
resin
photovoltaic sun
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CN202111381593.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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马凤琴
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Shanghai Qianwa Construction Technology Studio
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Shanghai Qianwa Construction Technology Studio
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Priority to CN202111381593.7A priority Critical patent/CN116169194A/en
Publication of CN116169194A publication Critical patent/CN116169194A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F10/00—Sunshades, e.g. Florentine blinds or jalousies; Outside screens; Awnings or baldachins
    • E04F10/08—Sunshades, e.g. Florentine blinds or jalousies; Outside screens; Awnings or baldachins of a plurality of similar rigid parts, e.g. slabs, lamellae
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0236—Special surface textures
    • H01L31/02363—Special surface textures of the semiconductor body itself, e.g. textured active layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S30/00—Structural details of PV modules other than those related to light conversion
    • H02S30/10—Frame structures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A photovoltaic sun visor includes a crystalline silicon component and a blade. The blade is a wing type. The back surface of the crystal silicon component is curved and faces the blade. The crystal silicon component is fixed on the blade. The fixing mode comprises mechanical fixing and adhesive fixing. The adjacent crystal silicon cells in the crystal silicon assembly along the short side direction of the blade are connected in parallel or without conductors. The crystalline silicon component is provided with a front plate and a back plate, wherein the front plate is made of resin or resin-fiber composite material, the back plate is of a laminated structure, and the structural reinforcing layer is made of resin-fiber composite material. The saidYoung's modulus E of composite material of structural reinforcing layer along parallel fiber direction 11 More than or equal to 3GPa, the density of the composite material is less than or equal to 2g/cm 3 . The photovoltaic sun shield solves the problems of shape, weight, safety, heating, heat dissipation and the like in the prior art.

Description

Photovoltaic sun shield
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of photoelectric buildings, in particular to a crystalline silicon photovoltaic sun shield and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The building sun-shading function can block direct solar radiation heat energy and reduce room heating. Building energy conservation and renewable energy utilization general Specification GB55015-2021 specifies: in the areas of summer heat, winter warm, summer heat and winter cold, sun-shading measures are adopted for the outward windows and the light-transmitting curtain walls of the public buildings A from the south, east and west; in hot summer and warm winter areas, the building sun-shading coefficient of the east and west outward windows of residential buildings is not more than 0.8.
Sunshades can be divided into a number of categories including sunshades, roller blinds, sunshades, fabrics, blinds, grilles, sunshades. In which large tandem sun visor systems, because the cross-sectional shape of the individual sun visor blades is generally fusiform, also known as fusiform sunshades or wing sunshades. The sun-shading device has the advantages of good sun-shading effect, attractive appearance, high wind resistance level and the like. According to the inclination angle of the sunshade blades, wing sunshade is divided into two types, namely fixed type sunshade and adjustable type sunshade, and the difference between the wing sunshade and the fixed type sunshade is that the inclination angle of the sunshade blades is adjustable. The adjustable wing type sunshade is divided into two types of manual adjustment and power adjustment. According to the extending direction of the long side of the sun-shading plate blade, wing-type sun-shading is divided into three types: horizontal sunshade, vertical sunshade and other sunshade.
The main constituent components of the wing type sunshade system comprise:
sun shield blade: in short, the blades are long strip panels used for shielding sunlight in wing type sun-shading systems, and the cross sections of the blades perpendicular to the long sides of the blades are generally hollow fusiform. A commonly used blade material is an aluminium alloy.
And (3) end covers: and the components are arranged at the two ends of the blade and play roles in connecting transmission and blocking.
A support member: also known as a frame, refers to a member that is connected to the blade to provide structural support to the blade, and is typically made of aluminum alloy or galvanized steel.
Building connector: a connection between the support member and the building.
In addition to the above components, the main components of the power adjusting wing sunshade system also include:
and (3) a motor: and a motor for consuming electric energy to drive the sunshade system to move.
And (3) a transmission accessory: a member for converting the motor action into a blade action, such as a drive rod.
And (3) a control system: including hardware and software, which function to control motor operation by issuing commands.
Photovoltaic cells are devices that utilize the photovoltaic effect to convert light energy into electrical energy. Photovoltaic cells are classified into various types of single crystal silicon cells, polycrystalline silicon cells, amorphous silicon/microcrystalline silicon cells, cadmium telluride cells, chalcopyrite (e.g., copper indium gallium selenide) cells, dye sensitized cells, perovskite cells, group III-V cells, perovskite-single crystal silicon laminate cells, depending on the photoelectric conversion material of the photovoltaic cell.
Photovoltaic cells are susceptible to aging and failure from external climatic factors such as oxygen, water vapor, ultraviolet light, external forces, lightning, etc.; the photovoltaic cells therefore need to be packaged with a packaging material before long term use. Because of the lower voltage of a single photovoltaic cell, it is often necessary to connect multiple photovoltaic cells in series to achieve a higher voltage. Similarly, to increase the current, a plurality of photovoltaic cells may be connected in parallel. If higher voltage and higher current are to be obtained at the same time, the series connection of photovoltaic cells can be performed in series or the parallel connection of photovoltaic cell sets can be performed in series. The photovoltaic cells are typically connected in series and parallel by using conductive materials such as copper solder strips. The smallest indivisible photovoltaic cell assembly with packaging and internal coupling that can provide direct current output alone is called a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module adopting the monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cell is called monocrystalline silicon module for short. The photovoltaic module using the polysilicon photovoltaic cell is called polysilicon module for short. The photovoltaic module adopting the perovskite-monocrystalline silicon laminated cell is called as perovskite-monocrystalline silicon laminated module for short. Monocrystalline silicon components, polycrystalline silicon components, and perovskite-monocrystalline silicon stack components are collectively referred to as crystalline silicon components.
The crystal silicon component has a layered structure. The front plate, the front packaging adhesive film, the crystalline silicon battery, the rear packaging adhesive film and the back plate are arranged in sequence from the light facing surface to the backlight surface. The front packaging adhesive film and the rear packaging adhesive film are collectively called packaging adhesive film. The front panel is typically made of tempered or semi-tempered low-iron ultra-white glass. The materials of the packaging adhesive film comprise ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyolefin (PO) and polyvinyl butyral (PVB). The back plate comprises a polymer composite back plate with a laminated structure and a glass back plate. The outer surface of the assembly is usually provided with a frame, a junction box and other accessories, and a cable with an electric connection terminal at the far end is led out from the junction box to take the effect of leading out the electric energy generated by the crystalline silicon assembly.
Building integrated photovoltaic power generation systems, also referred to as photovoltaic building integration, refer to the form of application of photovoltaic power generation devices, such as photovoltaic modules, as building elements, in buildings.
The wing type sunshade system with the crystal silicon component integrated on the surface of the sunshade plate blade belongs to the photovoltaic building integration, and the existing system has the following problems to be solved:
(1) The surface of the wing-shaped sunshade blade is a curved surface, and is particularly curved along the short side direction of the blade. The curvatures of the blades of different specifications are different. The conventional crystalline silicon component is a flat plate with higher rigidity and is not suitable for being bent to the curved curvature of the blade due to the limitation of the glass material characteristics of the front plate and the lamination process of the component, so that the compatibility with the wing type sunshade blade is lower. If curved glass with the same curvature as the blades is adopted to produce the curved-surface crystalline silicon component, the processing difficulty and the quality control difficulty of the front plate glass of the crystalline silicon component and the component are greatly increased, and the productivity is greatly reduced, so that the application and popularization of photovoltaic sunshade are hindered.
(2) The density of the glass was 2.5X10 3 kg/m 3 Is 2.5 times of water, and belongs to a material with higher density. And the glass thickness in the conventional crystalline silicon component is thicker, for example, the glass thickness of the front glass of a single glass component with a back surface adopting a polymer backboard is usually 3.2mm; both the back and the front adopt double glass components of glass, and the sum of the thicknesses of the two glass surfaces is usually not less than 4mm. From this calculation, the mass of light per square meter of the crystalline silicon component reaches 8kg of the single glass component and 10kg of the double glass component. This results in a larger mass per unit area of conventional crystalline silicon component. The conventional crystalline silicon component is integrated on the surface of the wing-type sunshade blade, so that the load borne by the supporting component is obviously increased on one hand, and on the other hand, the fixing mode of the crystalline silicon component on the surface of the blade, particularly the fixing mode of the crystalline silicon component on the surface of the vertical sunshade blade, has high anti-gravity load requirement.
(3) The glass has a certain proportion of self-explosion probability. Glass is a brittle material and glass fragments are sharp and hard. The glass panel of the crystalline silicon component arranged on the photovoltaic outer sunshade blade is positioned outside a building, and the orientation is inclined upwards, so that the glass panel has higher probability of being impacted by hail, high-altitude objects and the like compared with the wall surface or curtain wall of the building elevation. If the crystalline silicon component breaks under external impact, the falling of glass fragments from the air poses a serious threat to the personal and property safety on the ground. Although PVB film encapsulation of crystalline silicon components can alleviate this threat, the nature of the glass material itself determines that this type of accident may be serious as soon as it occurs.
(4) For building sun protection systems, sunlight can be considered parallel light. The photo-generated current of the crystalline silicon battery is proportional to the illumination intensity. For a crystalline silicon component with a shape bent along the short side direction of the blade, the incident angles of sunlight at different positions along the short side direction of the blade at the same time are different, so that the photo-generated currents of the photovoltaic cells at the different positions are inconsistent. In the conventional crystalline silicon assembly, photovoltaic cells in the length direction and the width direction of the assembly are connected in series, so that the photo-generated current between the photovoltaic cells connected in series is inconsistent no matter the length direction of the assembly is along the short side direction of the blade or the width direction of the assembly is along the short side direction of the blade. This condition is referred to as the crystalline silicon component current mismatch. The abnormal heating of the crystal silicon component is caused by the current mismatch, so that the power generation efficiency of the crystal silicon component is reduced, and the service life of the crystal silicon component is shortened.
(5) The back of the crystalline silicon component in the photovoltaic sun shield is shielded by the blade, so that heat dissipation of the back is prevented. The working temperature of the crystalline silicon component is increased, so that the power generation efficiency of the component is reduced, and the packaging adhesive film is aged rapidly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a crystalline silicon photovoltaic wing type sun shield. The sunshade board is composed of a flexible crystal silicon component and sunshade blades, wherein the flexible crystal silicon component is positioned on the light-facing surface of the sunshade blades and fixed on the blades. The fixing modes include mechanical fixing, adhesive fixing and combination of mechanical fixing and adhesive fixing. The mechanical fixing comprises one or more modes of nailing, riveting, inserting, clamping, hinging, stitching, central connection and splicing. The adhesive in the adhesive fixation comprises one or more of silicone adhesive, epoxy adhesive, acrylic adhesive, polyurethane adhesive, butyl adhesive, latex, butyl adhesive tape, adhesive tape with epoxy adhesive on the surface, adhesive tape with acrylic adhesive on the surface, adhesive tape with polyurethane as a base material and adhesive tape with polyethylene as a base material.
According to the extending direction of the long sides of the sun shield blades, the photovoltaic sun shield is applicable to the following three wing type sun shield systems: horizontal sunshade, vertical sunshade and other sunshade.
According to the inclination angle of the sun shield blades, the photovoltaic sun shield is applicable to the following two wing type sun shield systems: fixed sunshade and adjustable sunshade.
The crystalline silicon component is positioned on the light-facing surface of the sunshade blade and is fixed on the blade. The fixed assembly is curved with the curvature of the blade facing surface. For wing sunshade, the curvature of the blade light-facing surface is generally manifested as curvature along the short side direction of the blade. The blade is generally straight, not curved, in the long side direction due to the extrusion direction of the aluminum profile. In the above case, the intensity of illumination received by the adjacent cells in the longitudinal direction of the blade is the same, and hence the current is the same, and the intensity of illumination received by the adjacent cells in the short direction of the blade is different, and hence the current is different. In view of this, in the crystalline silicon component of the present invention, the serial connection direction of the crystalline silicon cells is along the long side of the blade, and each crystalline silicon cell is connected in series with at least one crystalline silicon cell adjacent in the long side direction of the blade. The adjacent crystal silicon batteries along the short side direction of the blade are connected in parallel through conductors and are connected without conductors, and the three modes are connected through a photovoltaic optimizer. The photovoltaic optimizer mentioned here is an electronic device in which positive and negative input terminals are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the photovoltaic cell string, respectively, and positive and negative output terminals are connected to the external circuit of the cell string, respectively, and which changes the output current by raising and lowering the output voltage and maintains the output power substantially unchanged.
The crystal silicon component in the invention has a frame which is not more than 1mm higher than the edge of the component facing the light surface, preferably a borderless component, due to aesthetic appearance and consideration of preventing dust on the surface area of the component.
The crystalline silicon cell in the present invention is preferably a single crystal silicon cell or a perovskite-single crystal silicon stacked cell. Both of these types of cells use a monocrystalline silicon wafer as the substrate. As the thickness of the monocrystalline silicon piece decreases, the toughness of the crystalline silicon cell increases, and can bear larger bending deformation without cracking. The invention preferably discloses a monocrystalline silicon battery with the thickness of silicon wafer less than or equal to 170 micrometers.
The single crystal silicon cell includes a P-type single crystal silicon cell and an N-type single crystal silicon cell, classified by doping of the silicon substrate. The single crystal silicon cells include conventional aluminum back surface field cells (BSF), passivated emitter and back surface cells (PERC), passivated emitter back surface full diffusion cells (PERT), tunnel oxide passivation contact cells (TOPCon), heterojunction cells (HJT), classified by passivation structure. The single crystal silicon battery comprises a plurality of types including an interdigital electrode back contact battery (IBC), a metal perforation wrap-around battery (MWT), a shingled battery (shinyled cell), a non-main grid battery, a multi-main grid battery, a five-main grid battery, a four-main grid battery, a three-main grid battery and a two-main grid battery.
The crystalline silicon component is a flexible crystalline silicon component, and the flexibility of the crystalline silicon component is shown in that the back surface of the component can be bent and matched with the curvature radius of the light facing surface of the blade. The above radius of curvature is preferably greater than 0.15 meters and less than 8.5 meters. To achieve the radius of curvature described above, the conventional thicker glass front plate is discarded in the present invention, and instead is a flexible front plate material that is bendable.
The front plate material of the flexible crystalline silicon component is one or more of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer, glass fiber reinforced polymethyl methacrylate, glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate, glass fiber reinforced polyethylene terephthalate, glass fiber reinforced polyamide, aramid fiber reinforced polymethyl methacrylate, aramid fiber reinforced polycarbonate, aramid fiber reinforced polyethylene terephthalate and aramid fiber reinforced polyamide.
The surface of the fluorine-free material front plate facing the light is provided with an ultraviolet-resistant coating, and the coating material comprises high weather-resistant resin, an ultraviolet absorber and a cross-linking agent. The high weather-resistant resin is one or more of high weather-resistant polyester, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride and fluoroethylene vinyl ether resin (FEVE). The ultraviolet absorber is preferably rutile titanium dioxide. The above-mentioned crosslinking agent is preferably a polyisocyanate.
The smooth surface of the flexible crystalline silicon component preferably has a concave-convex surface, and the peak-to-valley height difference of the concave-convex surface is between 0.05mm and 5mm, preferably between 0.2mm and 1mm.
The front plate preferably contains a glass fiber reinforced resin material, so as to improve the shock resistance of the flexible crystalline silicon component.
However, the flexible crystalline silicon component, which loses protection of the glass front plate, must have a proper way to protect the crystalline silicon cell and the component itself from damage in the face of external impacts such as hail. The invention adopts a mode of enhancing the Young modulus and toughness of the backboard to conduct and absorb impact energy to protect the crystalline silicon battery. The composite material composed of the resin base material and the fiber reinforcement has excellent toughness and impact resistance. The structural reinforcing layer of the backboard in the invention is made of composite material, and the Young modulus E of the composite material along the fiber direction 11 More than or equal to 3GPa, and the density of the composite material is less than 2g/cm 3 . The structural reinforcing layer in the laminated backboard can effectively conduct external impact energy, so that the local stress of the impacted crystalline silicon battery is reduced.
The material performance index requirements in the invention refer to performance indexes at normal temperature unless otherwise specified.
The resin in the composite material is one or more of polyester, vinyl ester resin, bismaleimide resin, polyimide resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, polycarbonate (PC), polyester carbonate, polyurethane resin (PU), polyamide resin (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), phenolic resin, melamine formaldehyde resin and urea formaldehyde resin. Urea formaldehyde is preferred.
The fiber in the composite material is one or more of glass fiber, aramid fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, carbon fiber and carbon nanotube, preferably E-type glass fiber.
The composite material contains additives besides resin and fiber. The additive is one or more of a toughening agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a stabilizer, a curing agent, a cross-linking agent, a coupling agent and an inorganic mineral additive. The toughening agent is preferably polyvinyl butyral. The ultraviolet absorber is preferably 2-hydroxybenzoyl benzene. The stabilizer is preferably a hindered amine. The above-mentioned curing agent is preferably an amine curing agent. The above-mentioned crosslinking agent is preferably a polyisocyanate. The coupling agent is preferably a titanate coupling agent. The inorganic mineral additive is preferably rutile titanium dioxide.
The back plate has a laminated structure, and comprises an anti-ultraviolet coating, a first adhesive layer, a structural reinforcing layer, a buffer layer, a surface layer and a second adhesive layer in sequence from one side close to the crystalline silicon battery to one side of the back surface of the component. Wherein a structural reinforcement layer is necessary. The rest of one or several layers may be omitted according to the actual situation.
The ultraviolet resistant coating material comprises one or more of high weather resistant polyester, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride and fluoroethylene vinyl ether resin (FEVE).
The material of the first glue layer comprises one or more of polyester glue, polyurethane glue, epoxy glue and acrylic glue.
The material of the buffer layer comprises one or more of ionic film (SGP), polyvinyl butyral, polyolefin, organosilicon, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyethylene, silicone adhesive, polyurethane adhesive and butyl adhesive. Preferably, the thickness of the buffer layer is not less than the thickness of the structural reinforcement layer.
According to the existence of a buffer layer between the structural reinforcing layer and the backlight surface of the crystalline silicon component, the laminated back plate is divided into two structural types:
(1) And a structure A without a buffer layer. For the structural reinforcement layer in the structure A, modulus and toughness are sufficient to resist large external impact, and the structural reinforcement layer having a thickness of 3mm or more is preferable.
(2) And a buffer layer is arranged on the structure II. The buffer layer prevents the crystalline silicon battery from being broken in the indirect impact with the blade, and the structure B can resist the external impact from the crystalline silicon component to the light surface by means of the rigidity of the blade. Therefore, the requirements for modulus and toughness of the structural reinforcement layer are reduced, and the structural reinforcement layer having a thickness of 0.5mm or less is preferable.
The material of the skin layer is one or more of polyester, vinyl ester resin, bismaleimide resin, polyimide resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, polycarbonate (PC), polyester carbonate, polyurethane resin (PU), polyamide resin (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), phenolic resin, melamine formaldehyde resin, urea formaldehyde resin, polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer (ECTFE), glass fiber reinforced polyester, glass fiber reinforced polyethylene terephthalate, glass fiber reinforced polyamide resin, glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin, glass fiber reinforced acrylic resin, glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate, glass fiber reinforced polyurethane, glass fiber reinforced phenolic resin, glass fiber reinforced melamine formaldehyde resin, glass fiber reinforced urea formaldehyde resin, preferably polyethylene terephthalate.
The second adhesive layer is made of one or more of silicone adhesive, epoxy adhesive, acrylic adhesive, polyurethane adhesive, butyl adhesive, latex, butyl adhesive tape, adhesive tape with epoxy adhesive on the surface, adhesive tape with acrylic adhesive on the surface, adhesive tape with polyurethane as a base material and adhesive tape with polyethylene as a base material.
The crystalline silicon pre-packaging adhesive film material in the invention is one or more of thermosetting polyolefin, thermoplastic polyolefin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), organic silicon (silicone), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ionic polymer (ionomer) and ionic film (SGP).
The crystalline silicon component post-packaging adhesive film material is one or more of thermosetting Polyolefin (POE), thermoplastic polyolefin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), organic silicon (silicone), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ionic polymer (ionomer) and ionic film (SGP). Considering the fluctuation of the back surface of the crystalline silicon battery, the height of the welding strip welded on the back surface of the crystalline silicon battery, the conduction of impact energy received by the crystalline silicon battery and other factors, the thickness of the rear packaging adhesive film is proper, and the average thickness is between 0.1 and 2 mm. ,
the rear packaging adhesive film material also comprises an adhesive film material which takes the rear packaging adhesive film material as a main component and is added with insulating inorganic filler. The inorganic filler plays a role in one or more of improving the power of the crystalline silicon component, changing the appearance color of the component and reducing the ultraviolet radiation to which the backboard is subjected. The inorganic filler is preferably rutile type titanium dioxide.
The sun-shading blade in the invention comprises the following two types according to the appearance of the sun-shading blade to the light side:
(1) The blade has no panel on the light side of type one. The type one blade is preferably used in conjunction with the back plate of the aforementioned structure A. The photovoltaic module has the advantages that the back side heat dissipation of the photovoltaic module is facilitated, and therefore the working temperature of the photovoltaic module is reduced.
(2) And the second type is that the blade faces the light side and has a blade face plate. The blade light-directing panels are divided into solid panels and hollow panels according to the appearance. The type two blade is preferably used in conjunction with the back plate of structure b described above.
The sun-shading blades in the invention can be divided into two categories according to the appearance of the backlight side:
(1) Type a, blade backlight side has no panel.
(2) Type B, a vane backlight side has a vane backlight panel. The blade backlight panels are divided into a solid panel and a hollow panel according to the appearance.
The backlight side of the blade of the present invention is preferably a hollowed-out panel of type a, and type B. The photovoltaic module has the advantages that the back side heat dissipation of the photovoltaic module is facilitated, and therefore the working temperature of the photovoltaic module is reduced.
The sunshade blade in the invention comprehensively judges the outward appearance of the light side and the outward appearance of the backlight side, and comprises all combinations of the outward appearance of the light side and the outward appearance of the backlight side:
(1) In the first combination, the light-facing side of the blade belongs to type one, and the backlight side of the blade belongs to type a.
(2) And in combination B, the light side of the blade belongs to a type I, and the backlight side of the blade belongs to a type B.
(3) And C, the light side of the blade belongs to a second type, and the backlight side of the blade belongs to a first type.
(4) And in the T combination, the light side of the blade belongs to the type II, and the backlight side of the blade belongs to the type B.
There are two manufacturing modes of the flexible crystalline silicon component in the invention.
In the first mode, a front plate, a front packaging adhesive film, a crystalline silicon battery, a rear packaging adhesive film, a back plate and release films are sequentially stacked and then are combined in a combining device. This approach is suitable for assemblies having a back plate of one of two types: (1) The second structure, and the outermost side of the back plate far away from the battery piece is a buffer layer. (2) The second type of structure, wherein the outermost side of the backboard far away from the battery piece is a second adhesive layer, and the adhesive layer is free of a self-carrying release film.
In the second mode, the front plate, the front packaging adhesive film, the crystalline silicon battery, the rear packaging adhesive film and the back plate are sequentially stacked and then are combined in a film combining device. This approach is suitable for assemblies having a back plate of one of three types: (1) the aforementioned Structure A type. (2) The second structure, and the outermost side of the back plate far away from the battery piece is a skin layer. (3) The second type of structure, wherein the outermost side of the backboard far away from the battery piece is a second adhesive layer, and the outermost side of the second adhesive layer far away from the battery piece is provided with a release film.
The lamination equipment comprises one or more of a laminating machine, a laminating furnace and an autoclave.
The release film is preferably a single-sided release film of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate.
The blade body of the blade in the present invention is manufactured by extrusion. The blade panel, including to light panel and backlight panel, has two kinds of manufacturing methods:
in a first way, the blade panel is co-extruded with the blade body.
In the second mode, the blade panel is manufactured separately by one or more of cold rolling, hot rolling, roll coating, spray coating and roll coating, and then the blade panel is fixed on the blade body. The securing includes at least one of mechanical coupling and welding.
The panel of the blade assembly is preferably manufactured in the first manufacturing method.
The second manufacturing method is preferable for the panel in the blade b assembly and the blade d assembly.
The photovoltaic sun shield adopts a manufacturing mode of fixing the flexible crystal silicon component on the blade. The fixing modes are three:
first, the flexible crystalline silicon component and the blade are mechanically connected in a fixed mode.
And secondly, the flexible crystal silicon component and the blade are fixed in an adhesive connection mode.
Thirdly, the flexible crystal silicon component and the blade are fixed in a mode of combining adhesive connection and mechanical connection.
The mechanical connection is used in both the first and third modes described above. The mechanical connection comprises one or more modes of nailing, riveting, inserting, clamping, hinging, stitching, central connection and splicing.
The adhesive connection is used in both the second and third modes described above. The adhesive connection comprises three modes:
firstly, tearing off a release film on the outer side of a second adhesive layer of the flexible crystalline silicon component after lamination, and adhering the component on the surface of the blade.
And secondly, applying glue to the outermost layer of the backlight surface of the flexible crystal silicon assembly after lamination, then enabling the backlight surface of the flexible crystal silicon assembly to face the blade, and applying pressure to adhere the flexible crystal silicon assembly to the surface of the blade.
Thirdly, applying glue on the surface of the blade, then enabling the backlight surface of the flexible crystal silicon assembly after lamination to face the blade, and applying pressure to adhere the flexible crystal silicon assembly on the surface of the blade.
The second mode and the third mode described above may be used in combination.
The adhesive in the adhesive connection comprises one or more of silicone adhesive, epoxy adhesive, acrylic adhesive, polyurethane adhesive, butyl adhesive, latex, butyl adhesive tape, adhesive tape with epoxy adhesive on the surface, adhesive tape with acrylic adhesive on the surface, adhesive tape with polyurethane as a base material and adhesive tape with polyethylene as a base material.
The invention solves five problems of the prior photovoltaic sun shield, such as shape, weight, safety, heating and heat dissipation, and plays a very positive role in promoting popularization of the photovoltaic sun shield system and reducing energy consumption and carbon emission of buildings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a motor driven adjustable wing photovoltaic sun shade system.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the light facing surface of a photovoltaic sun visor.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic sun visor taken perpendicular to the long sides of the blades.
Figure 4 is a schematic view of a layered structure of a photovoltaic sun visor in a cross section perpendicular to the long sides of the blades,
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic layout diagram of a crystalline silicon cell according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a crystalline silicon cell arrangement according to a second embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the invention as claimed is not limited to the examples.
As shown in fig. 1, an adjustable wing type photovoltaic sun-shading system driven by a motor comprises a photovoltaic sun-shading plate 1, a frame 2, a motor 3, a transmission rod 4, a rotating shaft 5 and a screw rod 6. The rotating shaft 5 is connected with the photovoltaic sun shield 1 and the frame 2. One end of the photovoltaic sun shield 1 is connected with a transmission rod 4. The motor 3 rotates to drive the screw rod 6 to extend or retract. The screw rod 6 drives the transmission rod 4 to move. The transmission rod 4 drives the photovoltaic sun shield 1 to rotate around the rotating shaft 5.
The photovoltaic sun visor 1 described above, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, includes a blade 10 and a flexible crystalline silicon assembly 11. The flexible crystal silicon component 11 is fixed on the light-facing surface of the blade 10. The flexible crystalline silicon component contains a crystalline silicon cell array composed of a plurality of crystalline silicon cells 110. The end of the blade 10 near the rim 2 has an end cap 7. The rotating shaft 5 passes through the end cover 7, one end of the rotating shaft is connected with the blade 10, and the other end of the rotating shaft is connected with the frame 2.
The flexible crystalline silicon module shown in fig. 4 includes a crystalline silicon cell 110, a front plate 111, a front packaging adhesive film 112, a rear packaging adhesive film 113 and a back plate. The back plate has a laminated structure including an ultraviolet resistant coating 114, a first adhesive layer 115, a structural reinforcing layer 116, a buffer layer 117, a skin layer 118, and a second adhesive layer 119. The flexible crystalline silicon component is adhered to the light-facing surface of the blade 10 through a second adhesive layer 119.
Embodiment one: as shown in fig. 5, the blade 10 is provided with the aforementioned nail combination in appearance, and the blade light-facing surface and the backlight surface are both free of panels. The main body 101 of the blade 10 is made of 6063-T5 aluminum alloy, and is manufactured and molded by extrusion.
The flexible crystalline silicon component 11 is fixed on the light-facing surface of the blade body 101 by adopting a combination of adhesive connection and mechanical connection. The manufacturing process is that firstly, the silicone structural adhesive 12 is coated on the light-facing surface of the blade main body 101, then the flexible crystal silicon component 11 is adhered on the upper surface of the silicone structural adhesive 12, and finally, the peripheral edge of the flexible crystal silicon component 11 is further mechanically fixed on the blade main body 101 by using the stainless steel self-tapping screw 13.
The front plate 111 of the flexible crystalline silicon module 11 described above is a 50 μm thick glass fiber reinforced ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer. The front encapsulating adhesive film 112 is a 0.7 millimeter thick thermoset Polyolefin (POE). The crystalline silicon cell 110 is an interdigitated back contact cell (IBC) fabricated on a 150 micron thick N-type monocrystalline silicon wafer. The rear encapsulating film 113 is a thermosetting polyolefin 0.5mm thick. The back plate of the assembly is of a three-layer laminated structure, fluorocarbon paint based on fluoroethylene vinyl ether (FEVE) resin with the thickness of 10 micrometers is used as the anti-ultraviolet coating 114, polyurethane glue with the thickness of 15 micrometers is used as the first adhesive layer 115,4 millimeters, and glass fiber reinforced epoxy modified phenolic resin is used as the structural reinforcing layer 116.
As shown in fig. 6, the peripheral edge of the flexible silicon module 11 is fixed to the blade 10 by self-tapping screws 13. There are 20 single crystal silicon IBC cells 110 in each flexible crystalline silicon assembly 11. The crystalline silicon cell 110 is quasi-square with 182 mm apart opposite sides, and 4 sides are parallel to the long and short sides of the blade 10, respectively. The 20 crystal silicon cells 110 are arranged in series along the longitudinal direction of the blade 10 and are connected in series in sequence.
The current of each of the aforementioned flexible crystalline silicon modules 11 is conducted out through a junction box with a dc cable and a connector, the junction box being located on the back surface of the flexible crystalline silicon module. There is a bypass diode in the junction box, and two ends of the bypass diode are respectively connected in parallel with two ends of the battery string in the flexible crystalline silicon component 11.
In the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the blade 10 includes a blade body 101, a blade light-facing panel 102, a blade backlight panel 103, and self-tapping nails 104. Wherein the blade is made of 6063-T5 aluminum alloy material for the light panel 102 and the blade main body 101 by adopting a coextrusion mode. The blade backlight panel 103 is made of 3005 aluminum alloy, and is formed by rolling a circular through-hole array arranged in a honeycomb shape. Each circular through hole in the array has a diameter of 10mm. The blade backlight panel 103 is fixed to the blade main body 101 by self-tapping screws 104.
The flexible crystalline silicon component 11 is fixed on the surface of the blade light-facing panel 102 in an adhesive connection mode. The fixing process is as follows, firstly, an acrylic adhesive tape 14 with a release film on the back surface is stuck to the middle part of the backlight surface of the flexible crystal silicon assembly 11, then a butyl adhesive tape 15 with the thickness similar to that of the acrylic adhesive tape and the release film on the back surface is stuck to the periphery of the backlight surface of the flexible crystal silicon assembly 11 near the edge, then the release films on the acrylic adhesive tape 14 and the butyl adhesive tape 15 are torn off, then the backlight surface of the flexible crystal silicon assembly 11 faces the blade-facing light panel 102, and finally the flexible crystal silicon assembly 11 is stuck to the blade-facing light panel 102.
The front plate 111 of the flexible crystalline silicon module described above is a 25 micron thick ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer. The front packaging adhesive film 112 is 0.7 mm thick Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA). The crystalline silicon cell 110 is a multi-main gate PERC cell fabricated on a P-type monocrystalline silicon wafer of 170 microns thickness. The rear encapsulating adhesive film 113 is a thermosetting Polyolefin (POE) 0.7 mm thick. The back sheet of the module is a three-layer laminated structure, and glass fiber reinforced polyethylene terephthalate with the thickness of 0.5mm is used as a structure reinforcing layer 116,0.76 mm polyvinyl butyral with the thickness of 117,0.125 mm is used as a buffer layer 117,0.125 mm of polydodecyl lactam as a skin layer 118 from the outer side of the back packaging adhesive film 113 to the back surface of the module.
As shown in fig. 8, the flexible silicon module 11 includes 80 single crystal silicon PERC cells 110. The crystalline silicon cell 110 is quasi-rectangular in shape, as viewed from the light-facing surface of the flexible crystalline silicon element 11, with the long side parallel to the short side of the blade 10, and the short side parallel to the long side of the blade 10. The two long sides of the same cell 110 are 91 mm apart and the two short sides are 182 mm apart. The 80-wafer silicon cell 110 is divided into two 20×2 cell arrays, which are respectively located at both sides of a dotted line in fig. 8, and the cell arrays are connected in series with each other. At the left and right ends of the light-facing surface of the flexible silicon module, there is one junction box 16. The anode and the cathode of the battery array after the series connection are respectively connected into two junction boxes, and the current emitted by the crystalline silicon component is led out through a cable 17. In each cell array, two cell strings are arranged side by side along the short side direction of the blade 10, and the cell strings are connected in parallel end to end. In each of the above cell strings, 20 pieces of the crystalline silicon cells 110 are sequentially connected in series along the longitudinal direction of the blade 10. One bypass diode is located in each of the two junction boxes 16. The bypass diode is connected in parallel with the left and right battery arrays, respectively.
The above embodiments 1 and 2 each show improvement of the technology of the present invention in terms of shape, weight, safety, heat generation, heat dissipation, etc. compared with the prior art.

Claims (17)

1. A photovoltaic sun visor, characterized in that:
(1) Comprising at least one crystalline silicon component. The crystalline silicon component comprises at least two crystalline silicon cells.
(2) Comprising at least one blade. The crystal silicon component is fixed on the blade. The back surface of the crystalline silicon component faces the blade.
(3) And a front plate is arranged between the light-facing surface of the crystalline silicon component and the crystalline silicon battery.
(4) The front plate material is one or more of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer, glass fiber reinforced polymethyl methacrylate, glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate, glass fiber reinforced polyethylene terephthalate, glass fiber reinforced polyamide, aramid fiber reinforced polymethyl methacrylate, aramid fiber reinforced polycarbonate, aramid fiber reinforced polyethylene terephthalate and aramid fiber reinforced polyamide.
2. The photovoltaic sun visor of claim 1 wherein a back plate is between a back light face surface of said crystalline silicon component and said crystalline silicon cell. The back plate has a structural reinforcement layer. The structural reinforcing layer is a composite material consisting of resin and fiber. Young's modulus E of the composite material along parallel fiber direction 11 More than or equal to 3GPa, the density of the composite material is less than or equal to 2g/cm 3 。
3. The photovoltaic sun visor of claim 1 wherein the back light surface of said crystalline silicon component is a curved surface, the average of the radii of curvature of points on said curved surface being between 0.15-8.5 meters.
4. The photovoltaic sun visor of claim 1 wherein the silicon wafer of said crystalline silicon cell is a monocrystalline silicon wafer having a thickness of 170 microns or less.
5. The photovoltaic sun visor of claim 1 wherein said crystalline silicon cells adjacent in a short side direction of said blade are connected in parallel by conductors.
6. The photovoltaic sun visor of claim 1 wherein there is no conductor connection between said crystalline silicon cells adjacent in a short side direction of said blade.
7. The photovoltaic sun visor of claim 1 wherein the light facing surface of said crystalline silicon component has relief, said relief having a peak to valley height difference between 0.05mm and 5 mm.
8. The photovoltaic sun visor of claims 1 and 2, wherein the resin of the structural reinforcement layer is one or more of polyester, vinyl ester resin, bismaleimide resin, polyimide resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, polycarbonate (PC), polyester carbonate, polyurethane resin (PU), polyamide resin (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), phenolic resin, melamine formaldehyde resin, urea formaldehyde resin.
9. The photovoltaic sun visor of claim 1 and claim 2 wherein the fibers of the structural reinforcement layer are one or more of glass fibers, aramid fibers, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, carbon nanotubes.
10. The photovoltaic sun visor of claims 1 and 2 wherein said backsheet comprises, in order from the light facing surface to the backlight surface, one or more of an anti-uv coating, a first glue layer, a structural reinforcement layer, a buffer layer, a skin layer, a second glue layer.
11. The photovoltaic sun visor of claims 1,2 and 10 wherein the material of said buffer layer comprises one or more of an ionic film (SGP), polyvinyl butyral, polyolefin, silicone, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyethylene, silicone gel, polyurethane gel, butyl gel.
12. The photovoltaic sun visor of claim 1 wherein the light-facing side of said blade is free of a panel.
13. The photovoltaic sun visor of claim 1 wherein a backlight side of said blade has a hollowed-out panel.
14. The photovoltaic sun visor of claim 1 wherein the panel of the vane and vane body are manufactured by co-extrusion.
15. The photovoltaic sun visor of claim 1 wherein the panel of the blade is manufactured by one or more of cold rolling, hot rolling, roll coating, spray coating, roll coating, and then securing the panel to the blade body.
16. The photovoltaic sun visor of claim 1 wherein said crystalline silicon component is secured to the blade in a manner that combines a mechanical connection with an adhesive connection. The mechanical connection comprises one or more modes of nailing, riveting, inserting, clamping, hinging, stitching, central connection and splicing. The adhesive connection comprises one or more of the following three modes: (1) And tearing off the release film on the outer side of the second adhesive layer of the flexible crystalline silicon component after lamination, and pasting the component on the surface of the blade. (2) And applying glue to the outermost layer of the backlight surface of the flexible crystal silicon assembly after lamination, then enabling the backlight surface of the flexible crystal silicon assembly to face the blade, and applying pressure to adhere the flexible crystal silicon assembly to the surface of the blade. (3) And applying glue on the surface of the blade, then enabling the backlight surface of the flexible crystal silicon assembly after lamination to face the blade, and applying pressure to adhere the flexible crystal silicon assembly on the surface of the blade.
17. A photovoltaic sun shading system. The photovoltaic sun visor of claim 1 is included in the photovoltaic sun visor system.
CN202111381593.7A 2021-11-22 2021-11-22 Photovoltaic sun shield Pending CN116169194A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111381593.7A CN116169194A (en) 2021-11-22 2021-11-22 Photovoltaic sun shield

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111381593.7A CN116169194A (en) 2021-11-22 2021-11-22 Photovoltaic sun shield

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116169194A true CN116169194A (en) 2023-05-26

Family

ID=86418684

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202111381593.7A Pending CN116169194A (en) 2021-11-22 2021-11-22 Photovoltaic sun shield

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116169194A (en)

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