CN116162279A - Porous polyolefin and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Porous polyolefin and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
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- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019414 erythritol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/26—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
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- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08J2201/04—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by the elimination of a liquid or solid component, e.g. precipitation, leaching out, evaporation
- C08J2201/042—Elimination of an organic solid phase
- C08J2201/0422—Elimination of an organic solid phase containing oxygen atoms, e.g. saccharose
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- C08J2201/04—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by the elimination of a liquid or solid component, e.g. precipitation, leaching out, evaporation
- C08J2201/044—Elimination of an inorganic solid phase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08J2327/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of porous materials, and particularly relates to a porous polyolefin and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the porous polyolefin comprises the following steps: mixing a water-soluble pore-forming agent and polyolefin powder, and performing molding treatment on the obtained mixture to obtain a preform, wherein the melting point of the water-soluble pore-forming agent is higher than that of the polyolefin, and the particle size of the water-soluble pore-forming agent is 0.1-1000 mu m; immersing the preform in a secondary liquid, the secondary liquid being a polar organic compound and being incompatible with the polyolefin; then heating the soaked preform at a temperature 5-55 ℃ higher than the melting point of the polyolefin for 2-300 min, and then cooling; and (5) soaking the cooled sample in water, and washing to obtain the product. The porous polyolefin prepared by the invention has a through hole structure, micron-level pore diameter and controllable macroscopic shape.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of porous materials, in particular to porous polyolefin and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The porous material is a material with a network structure formed by mutually communicated or closed holes, and the boundary or surface of the holes is formed by struts or flat plates, so that the porous material has the characteristics of low density, large specific surface area, high porosity and the like, and is widely applied to separation, adsorption, storage, catalysis and the like.
The porous polymer material has the dual advantages of porous material and polymer material, and can bring multiple choices in structure and function to the porous material, so that more and more researchers are concerned. Among the numerous polymer materials, polyolefin has become a general polymer material with the greatest yield and very wide application at present because of abundant raw materials, low price, easy processing and molding and excellent comprehensive performance. Besides the characteristics of the porous material, the porous polyolefin material has the advantages of good chemical resistance and water resistance, good mechanical strength, electrical insulation and the like, and is increasingly widely applied to various fields such as automobiles, electronics, buildings, medical treatment and the like.
Currently, the methods for preparing porous polyolefin materials are mainly foaming and solvent pore-forming. The porous material prepared by the foaming method is also called foam, and the common foaming methods include a physical foaming method, a chemical foaming method, a mechanical foaming method and the like. Physical foaming is a method of expanding or gasifying and foaming plastic after dissolving gas or liquid in the plastic, and a representative porous polyolefin material prepared by the physical foaming method is low-density polyethylene foam; the chemical foaming method is to add specific chemical foaming agents which can release carbon dioxide, nitrogen, ammonia and other gases when being heated, or generate gases through chemical reaction among raw material components, so that plastic melt fills cells, and most polystyrene foam is prepared by the chemical foaming method; the mechanical foaming method is to mix gas into liquid mixture by mechanical stirring method, and then form foam plastics with cells by shaping process, and is commonly used for preparing polyvinyl chloride sol and the like. The porous polyolefin material prepared by the foaming method is mostly of a closed pore structure, and is difficult to be applied to the fields of filter materials, catalyst carriers, tissue engineering scaffold materials and the like.
Solvent pore-forming is a process in which a good solvent or a poor solvent is added to a polymer solution to promote the separation of polymers from each other, and finally the solvent is removed to form a porous material. The holes formed by the solvent pore-forming method are through holes, and are widely used for preparing porous resins and film materials. However, the macroscopic shape of the porous polyolefin material prepared by the solvent pore-forming method is difficult to regulate, the pore diameter is generally in the nanometer level, and meanwhile, the mechanical property of the porous polyolefin material is poor.
At present, the fields of filter materials, diaphragm materials, heat insulation materials, catalyst carriers, tissue engineering bracket materials and the like have great demands for porous polyolefin materials with a through hole structure, micron-level pore diameters and good mechanical properties and controllable macroscopic shape. The prior art, which is difficult to meet the needs of the above-mentioned fields, has severely limited the application and development of porous polyolefins. Based on the analysis, how to optimize and improve the formulation of the porous polyolefin and the preparation method thereof so as to obtain the porous polyolefin with a through hole structure and a micron-level pore diameter, and stable structure and controllable shape, thereby meeting the requirements of the field, and being a technical problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing porous polyolefin cannot have a through hole structure, a micron-level pore diameter and a stable structure, and the macroscopic shape is difficult to regulate and control, and further provides a porous polyolefin which has a through hole structure, a micron-level pore diameter and a controllable macroscopic shape by optimizing a material formula and a preparation method.
According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a porous polyolefin, comprising the steps of:
(1) Mixing a water-soluble pore-forming agent and polyolefin powder, and performing molding treatment on the obtained mixture to obtain a preform, wherein the melting point of the water-soluble pore-forming agent is higher than that of the polyolefin, and the particle size of the water-soluble pore-forming agent is 0.1-1000 mu m;
(2) Immersing the preform in a secondary liquid, the secondary liquid being a polar organic compound and being incompatible with the polyolefin;
(3) Heating the preform soaked in the step (2) to a temperature 5-55 ℃ higher than the melting point of the polyolefin for 2-300 min, and then cooling;
(4) And (3) soaking the cooled sample in water, and flushing to obtain the product.
In an embodiment of the invention, the water-soluble pore-forming agent has a solubility of greater than 5 grams per 100 grams of water at 25 ℃.
In an embodiment of the invention, the water-soluble pore former has a melting point at least 15 ℃ higher than the melting point of the polyolefin.
In an embodiment of the invention, the water-soluble pore-forming agent is an inorganic metal salt and/or a polyol.
In an embodiment of the invention, the water-soluble pore-forming agent includes, but is not limited to, naCl, na 2 CO 3 、NaNO 3 、Na 2 SO 4 、KCl、K 2 CO 3 、K 2 SO 4 、KNO 3 、MgCl 2 、Mg(NO 3 ) 2 、MgSO 4 、ZnCl 2 、CuCl 2 、CuSO 4 、CaCl 2 One or more of pentaerythritol, glucose, sucrose and lactose.
In an embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the water-soluble pore-forming agent to the polyolefin is 1-100:20.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the polyolefin is polymerized or copolymerized alone from an α -olefin, a cycloolefin, or an olefin derivative, and the polyolefin includes, but is not limited to, one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, poly-1-butene, polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polyvinyl chloride.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary liquid is at least one of glycerin, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol.
In the embodiment of the invention, the soaking time is 1-120 min.
In an embodiment of the invention, the shaping process comprises pressurizing and preheating the mixture at a pressure of 1 to 30MPa and at a temperature of 60 to 250 ℃.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the molding process uses a powder molding machine, a molding press, a flat vulcanizing machine, a tablet press, or a metallographic inlay machine.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a porous polyolefin prepared by the above process.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the porous polyolefin has a through-hole structure, an average pore diameter of 0.1 to 1000 μm, and a porosity of 5 to 90%.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of a porous polyolefin in a filtration material, a membrane material, a thermal insulation material, a catalyst support or a tissue engineering scaffold material.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the preparation method of the porous polyolefin, a template method and a compression molding sintering forming technology are combined for the first time, and polyolefin powder is prepared into a polyolefin porous material with fixed shape; on one hand, the pore diameter and the porosity of the polyolefin porous material are effectively controlled by the particle diameter and the content of the water-soluble pore-forming agent, so that the pore diameter reaches the micron level and is between 0.1 and 1000 microns; on the other hand, the basic shape of the porous polyolefin can be molded by compression molding, a sheet, a plate or other three-dimensional preform can be obtained, the preform is still a mixture of polyolefin powder and a pore-forming agent, in order to obtain the polyolefin with a continuous through hole structure, the molded preform is soaked in auxiliary liquid, the auxiliary liquid has stronger polarity and can well soak the surface of the pore-forming agent, so that the auxiliary liquid enters into a gap between the polyolefin powder and the pore-forming agent, and the auxiliary liquid is a continuous phase and is incompatible with the polyolefin, thereby effectively preventing the polyolefin from fully wrapping the pore-forming agent after melting and inhibiting the polyolefin powder from forming a closed continuous structure; then further heating the soaked prefabricated product to enable the polyolefin powder to be slowly melted, forming incomplete package of the pore-forming agent, and then removing the pore-forming agent through subsequent water soaking and washing, thus forming a micron-sized through hole structure; in the third aspect, water is used as an extraction solvent, so that the method has the advantages of low cost and little pollution. Therefore, the invention can be used for preparing various porous polyolefin materials with a through hole structure, micron-sized pore diameters and stable shapes on a large scale.
2. According to the preparation method of the porous polyolefin, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the heating temperature is limited to be slightly higher than the melting point of the polyolefin, if the heating temperature is too high or the heating time is too long, the polyolefin powder is completely melted, and then the pore-forming agent powder is completely wrapped, so that the pore-forming agent cannot be removed in the subsequent water washing treatment, and the high-purity porous polyolefin material cannot be obtained.
3. The preparation method of the porous polyolefin provided by the embodiment of the invention limits the solubility of the pore-forming agent to be more than 5 g/100 g of water at 25 ℃, thereby saving the water consumption and the flushing time. The preparation method limits the melting point of the pore-forming agent to be at least 15 ℃ higher than that of the polyolefin, so that the pore-forming agent can be ensured to be still in a solid state when the polyolefin is slowly melted, and the pore-forming agent can be completely removed later.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of a porous polyolefin in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is an optical micrograph of a porous polyethylene material of example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided for a better understanding of the present invention and are not limited to the preferred embodiments described herein, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, any product which is the same or similar to the present invention, whether in light of the present teachings or in combination with other prior art features, falls within the scope of the present invention.
The specific experimental procedures or conditions are not noted in the examples and may be followed by the operations or conditions of conventional experimental procedures described in the literature in this field.
In the following examples and comparative examples of the present invention, the raw materials of polyolefin, pore-forming agent, auxiliary liquid, etc. were purchased from Shanghai Ala Biotechnology Co., ltd.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the porous polyethylene provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) 5kg of sucrose powder having a particle size of 200 μm and 5kg of polyethylene powder having a particle size of 200 μm were mixed in a drum powder mixer for 2 hours to obtain a uniform mixture powder; wherein the melting point of the sucrose powder is 185-187 ℃, and the melting point of the polyethylene powder is 85-130 ℃;
(2) Putting the mixture into a mould, hot-pressing the mixture into a sheet with the diameter of 6cm and the thickness of 0.8mm in a mould press at the temperature of 100 ℃ and the pressure of 30MPa, soaking the sheet in ethylene glycol for 10min, and heating the soaked sheet in an oven at the temperature of 140 ℃ for 60min to form a continuous structure;
(3) And cooling the heated sample to room temperature, soaking and flushing the sample with deionized water for 5 times to remove the pore-forming agent, thus obtaining the porous polyethylene material, wherein the optical microscope photograph is shown in fig. 2, and the micropores of the sample are of a through hole structure and are uniformly distributed.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the porous polypropylene provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) 6kg of Na having a particle size of 200 μm 2 SO 4 Mixing the powder and 4kg of polypropylene powder with the particle size of 100 μm in a drum type powder mixer for 2 hours to obtain uniform mixture powder; wherein Na is 2 SO 4 The melting point of the powder is 884 ℃ and the polypropyleneThe melting point of the powder is 189 ℃;
(2) Putting the mixture into a mould, hot-pressing the mixture into a sheet with the thickness of 0.6mm in a mould press at 120 ℃ and 20MPa, soaking the sheet in glycerol for 80min, and heating the soaked sheet in an oven at 210 ℃ for 40min to form a continuous structure;
(3) And cooling the heated sample to room temperature, soaking and flushing the sample with deionized water for 5 times to remove the pore-forming agent, and thus obtaining the porous polypropylene material.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of porous polyvinylidene fluoride provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) 6kg of KCl powder having a particle size of 100 μm and 3kg of polyvinylidene fluoride powder having a particle size of 50 μm were mixed in a drum type powder mixer for 2 hours to obtain a uniform mixture powder; wherein the melting point of KCl powder is 770 ℃, and the melting point of polyvinylidene fluoride powder is 166-170 ℃;
(2) Putting the mixture into a mould, hot-pressing the mixture into a sheet with the thickness of 0.8mm in a mould press at 140 ℃ and 25MPa, soaking the sheet in polyethylene glycol 400 for 120min, and heating the formed sheet in a baking oven at 200 ℃ for 60min to form a continuous structure;
(3) And cooling the heated sample to room temperature, soaking and flushing the sample with deionized water for 5 times to remove the pore-forming agent, and thus obtaining the porous polyvinylidene fluoride material.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the porous polystyrene provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) 2kg of Mg (NO) having a particle size of 300. Mu.m 3 ) 2 Mixing the powder and 4kg of polystyrene powder with the particle size of 100 μm in a drum type powder mixer for 2 hours to obtain uniform mixture powder; wherein Mg (NO) 3 ) 2 The melting point of the powder is 648 ℃, and the melting point of the polystyrene powder is 212 ℃;
(2) Putting the mixture into a mould, hot-pressing the mixture into a sheet with the thickness of 1mm in a mould press at 180 ℃ and 15MPa, soaking the sheet in triethylene glycol for 40min, and heating the soaked sheet in an oven at 230 ℃ for 60min to form a continuous structure;
(3) And cooling the heated sample to room temperature, soaking and flushing the sample with deionized water for 5 times to remove the pore-forming agent, and thus obtaining the porous polystyrene material.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of porous polyvinylidene fluoride provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) 2kg of ZnCl having a particle size of 200. Mu.m 2 Mixing the powder and 6kg of polyvinylidene fluoride powder with the particle size of 200 mu m in a drum type powder mixer for 2 hours to obtain uniform mixture powder; wherein ZnCl 2 The melting point of the powder is 283 ℃, and the melting point of the polyvinylidene fluoride powder is 166-170 ℃;
(2) Putting the mixture into a mould, hot-pressing the mixture into a sheet with the thickness of 1.5mm in a mould press at 130 ℃ and 12MPa, soaking the sheet in polyethylene glycol 400 for 100min, and heating the soaked sheet in a drying oven at 195 ℃ for 70min to form a continuous structure;
(3) And cooling the heated sample to room temperature, soaking and flushing the sample with deionized water for 5 times to remove the pore-forming agent, and thus obtaining the porous polyvinylidene fluoride material.
Example 6
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the porous polyethylene provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) 2.5kg of glucose powder having a particle size of 200 μm and 2.5kg of CuCl having a particle size of 200 μm were mixed 2 Mixing the powder and 5kg of polyethylene powder with the particle size of 300 μm in a drum type powder mixer for 2 hours to obtain uniform mixture powder; wherein the melting point of the glucose powder is 146 ℃, and the CuCl 2 The melting point of the powder is 620 ℃, and the melting point of the polyethylene powder is 85-130 ℃;
(2) Putting the mixture into a mould, hot-pressing the mixture into a sheet with the thickness of 1mm in a mould press at the temperature of 110 ℃ and the pressure of 30MPa, soaking the sheet in triethylene glycol for 20min, and heating the soaked sheet in an oven at the temperature of 140 ℃ for 45min to form a continuous structure;
(3) And cooling the heated sample to room temperature, soaking and flushing the sample with deionized water for 5 times to remove the pore-forming agent, and thus obtaining the porous polyethylene material.
Comparative example 1
The other contents were the same as in example 1 except for the following.
Erythritol (melting point 118-120 ℃) was used as a pore-forming agent instead of sucrose in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The other contents were the same as in example 1 except for the following.
The formed sheet was heated in an oven at 200 ℃.
Comparative example 3
The other contents were the same as in example 1 except for the following.
The formed flakes were heated in an oven for 360 minutes.
Comparative example 4
The other contents were the same as in example 1 except for the following.
In the step (2), the obtained sheet is directly placed in an oven at 140 ℃ for heating for 60min without soaking.
Experimental example
The porous polyolefin prepared in each of the above examples and comparative examples was subjected to measurement of average pore size and porosity, respectively, and specific measurement results are shown in Table 1 below, wherein the pore size measurement of the material was mainly based on observation by an optical microscope, and the porosity was directly obtained from the ratio of the density of the porous polyolefin sample to the density of the polyolefin raw material.
Table 1 results of performance testing of examples and comparative examples
As can be seen from Table 1, the porous polyolefins prepared in examples 1 to 6 all formed through holes and had relatively uniform pore diameters. The pore-forming agent used in comparative example 1 has a melting point close to that of polyethylene, resulting in melting of the pore-forming agent during heating, thereby forming an irregular pore structure; the heating temperature in comparative example 2 was too high, resulting in melting of the pore-forming agent and also formation of a large number of irregular pore structures; the heating time in comparative example 3 is too long, which can lead to complete melting of polyolefin powder, severe phase separation, and failure to obtain a polyolefin porous material with regular holes; in comparative example 4, the sheet was directly heat-treated without being immersed, and a large amount of pore-forming agent was completely wrapped with the molten polyolefin and could not be washed out, resulting in only a small amount of through-holes. The porosity is determined according to the proportion of the pore-forming agent and the polyolefin, the smaller the proportion is, the lower the porosity is, and when the porous material is actually applied, the proper porosity is selected according to the requirement of the actual application scene, so that the dosage of the pore-forming agent is determined. Therefore, the method provided by the invention can select a proper amount of pore-forming agent according to the requirements of application scenes of the porous material, thereby regulating and controlling the porosity of the porous material.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A process for the preparation of a porous polyolefin comprising the steps of:
(1) Mixing a water-soluble pore-forming agent and polyolefin powder, and performing molding treatment on the obtained mixture to obtain a preform, wherein the melting point of the water-soluble pore-forming agent is higher than that of the polyolefin, and the particle size of the water-soluble pore-forming agent is 0.1-1000 mu m;
(2) Immersing the preform in a secondary liquid, the secondary liquid being a polar organic compound and being incompatible with the polyolefin;
(3) Heating the preform soaked in the step (2) to a temperature 5-55 ℃ higher than the melting point of the polyolefin for 2-300 min, and then cooling;
(4) And (3) soaking the cooled sample in water, and flushing to obtain the product.
2. The method of preparing a porous polyolefin according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble pore-former has a solubility of greater than 5 g/100 g water at 25 ℃; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the water-soluble pore former has a melting point at least 15 ℃ higher than the melting point of the polyolefin.
3. The method of producing a porous polyolefin according to claim 2, wherein the water-soluble pore-forming agent is an inorganic metal salt and/or a polyol.
4. A method of preparing a porous polyolefin according to claim 3, wherein the water-soluble pore-forming agent includes, but is not limited to, naCl, na 2 CO 3 、NaNO 3 、Na 2 SO 4 、KCl、K 2 CO 3 、K 2 SO 4 、KNO 3 、MgCl 2 、Mg(NO 3 ) 2 、MgSO 4 、ZnCl 2 、CuCl 2 、CuSO 4 、CaCl 2 One or more of pentaerythritol, glucose, sucrose and lactose.
5. The method for producing a porous polyolefin according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the water-soluble pore-forming agent to the polyolefin is 1 to 100:20.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the polyolefin is polymerized or copolymerized with alpha-olefin, cycloolefin or olefin derivative, and the polyolefin includes one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, poly-1-butene, polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polyvinyl chloride.
7. The method for preparing a porous polyolefin according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary liquid is at least one of glycerin, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the soaking time is 1-120 min.
8. The method for producing a porous polyolefin according to claim 1, wherein the molding treatment comprises pressurizing and preheating the mixture at a pressure of 1 to 30MPa and at 60 to 250 ℃; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the equipment adopted in the molding treatment is a powder molding machine, a molding press, a flat vulcanizing machine, a tablet press or a metallographic mosaic machine.
9. A porous polyolefin produced by the production process according to any one of claims 1 to 8;
preferably, the porous polyolefin has a through-hole structure with an average pore diameter of 0.1 to 1000 μm and a porosity of 5 to 90%.
10. Use of the porous polyolefin according to claim 9 in a filter material, a separator material, a thermal insulation material, a catalyst support or a tissue engineering scaffold material.
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