CN116155147A - Permanent magnet synchronous motor stator coil driving device and driving method thereof - Google Patents
Permanent magnet synchronous motor stator coil driving device and driving method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116155147A CN116155147A CN202310020102.9A CN202310020102A CN116155147A CN 116155147 A CN116155147 A CN 116155147A CN 202310020102 A CN202310020102 A CN 202310020102A CN 116155147 A CN116155147 A CN 116155147A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/28—Arrangements for controlling current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
- H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the means for detecting the position of the rotor
- H02P2203/03—Determination of the rotor position, e.g. initial rotor position, during standstill or low speed operation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a permanent magnet synchronous motor stator coil driving device and a driving method thereof, wherein a current detection module is arranged, so that alternating current waveforms passing through a power supply loop of an alternating current power supply module, a controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module and a stator coil and zero crossing time thereof are conveniently detected, the zero crossing time of an alternating voltage waveform of the alternating current power supply module is conveniently detected, so that whether the alternating voltage is in a positive half cycle or a negative half cycle is conveniently judged, if a conduction period is selected, a magnetic field generated by the stator coil when the stator coil is electrified every time is used for driving a motor rotor to rotate in the same direction, and in addition, the current detection device can be used for further controlling the conduction time of the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module according to the zero crossing condition of the alternating current waveforms in the power supply loop of the alternating current power supply module, the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module and the stator coil, so that the effectiveness of current is conveniently improved in each conduction period, and the working efficiency of the motor is favorably improved, and the practicability is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a permanent magnet synchronous motor stator coil driving device and a driving method thereof.
Background
The permanent magnet synchronous motor detects the magnetic pole change of the motor rotor through the Hall sensor to judge whether the motor rotor is accelerated to the synchronous speed, the control module can judge whether the alternating voltage at two ends of the coil is in the positive half cycle or the negative half cycle through the alternating voltage zero-crossing detection module so as to control the stator coil to be electrified in the positive half cycle or the negative half cycle to drive the motor rotor to rotate directionally, and the control module cannot judge whether the motor works in a better efficiency state.
Therefore, how to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks has become an important issue to be solved by the person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the technology, and provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor stator coil driving device and a driving method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor stator coil drive arrangement, including control module 1, stator coil 2, be used for to the stator coil 2 provide the alternating current power module 3 of alternating current, be used for controlling whether stator coil 2 switch on the controlled silicon controlled rectifier switch module 4 of alternating current power module 3, be used for detecting the alternating current wave form that passes through and the electric current detection module 5 of zero crossing moment in the power supply return circuit of controlled silicon controlled rectifier switch module 4 and stator coil 2, be used for detecting the linear hall sensor module 6 of motor rotor polarity change condition, be used for detecting the alternating voltage wave form zero crossing moment of alternating current power module 3 in order to judge alternating current voltage is in the alternating voltage zero crossing moment of positive half cycle or negative half cycle, be used for providing the direct current voltage supply module 8 of working direct current voltage to the device module, the switch control signal input of controlled silicon controlled rectifier switch module 4, the electric current detection signal output of electric current detection module 5, the detection signal output of linear hall sensor module 6, the detection signal output of alternating current voltage zero crossing detection module 7 respectively with control module 1 connects, the first access module 3 is equipped with and inserts end 32 to the alternating current power module.
Preferably, the controlled triac module 4 includes a resistor R9, and a triac SCR1 for controlling whether the stator coil 2 is turned on or not, where a gate of the triac SCR1 is connected to one end of the resistor R9, and the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the control module 1 as a switch control signal input end of the controlled triac module 4.
Preferably, the current detection module 5 includes a diode D2, a diode D3, a resistor R18, a capacitor C9, and a resistor R17 connected in series in a power supply loop between the ac power supply module 3 and the controlled triac module 4 and the stator coil 2, one end of the resistor R17 is further connected to a voltage positive terminal of the dc voltage supply module 8 and a voltage negative terminal of the diode D3, the other end of the resistor R17 is further connected to one end of the resistor R18, and the other end of the resistor R18 is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D3, the negative terminal of the diode D2, and one end of the capacitor C9, and then is connected to the control module 1 as a current detection signal output terminal of the current detection module 5, and the other end of the capacitor C9 is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D2 and the voltage negative terminal of the dc voltage supply module 8.
Preferably, the linear hall sensor module 6 includes a linear hall sensor U2, a resistor R8, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a capacitor C7, and a capacitor C8, where one end of the resistor R13 is connected to one end of the resistor R14 and then connected to the positive dc voltage terminal of the dc voltage supply module 8, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected to one end of the power input VCC of the linear hall sensor U2 and one end of the capacitor C8, the other end of the resistor R13 is connected to one end of the capacitor C7 and the signal output OUT of the linear hall sensor U2 and then connected to the control module 1 as the detection signal output end of the linear hall sensor module 6, the ground end GND of the linear hall sensor module 6 is connected to one end of the resistor R8, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C7 and the other end of the capacitor C8 and then connected to the negative dc voltage terminal of the dc voltage supply module 8.
Preferably, the ac voltage zero-crossing detection module 7 includes a resistor R2, a resistor R3, an NPN triode Q1, a resistor R15, a resistor R16, and a capacitor C6, wherein one end of the resistor R2 is bypassed on the ac power supply module 3 as a zero-crossing detection signal input end, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with a base of the NPN triode Q1 through the resistor R3, a collector of the NPN triode Q1 is connected with one end of the resistor R15 and one end of the resistor R16, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with a dc voltage positive end of the dc voltage supply module 8, an emitter of the NPN triode Q1 is connected with a dc voltage negative end of the dc voltage supply module 8, the other end of the resistor R16 is connected with one end of the capacitor C6 and then is connected with the control module 1 as a detection signal output end of the ac voltage zero-crossing detection module 7, and the other end of the capacitor C6 is connected with the dc voltage negative end of the dc voltage supply module 8.
Preferably, the dc voltage supply module 8 is powered by the ac power supply module 3.
Preferably, the dc voltage supply module 8 includes a voltage stabilizing tube Z1, a diode D1, a polar capacitor C3, and a resistor R6, where the voltage stabilizing tube Z1 is connected to the ac power supply module 3 to form a power supply loop, a negative end of the voltage stabilizing tube Z1 is connected to a positive end of the polar capacitor C3 and one end of the resistor R6 to serve as a dc voltage positive end of the dc voltage supply module 8, a positive end of the voltage stabilizing tube Z1 is connected to a negative end of the diode D1, and a positive end of the diode D1 is connected to a negative end of the polar capacitor C3 and the other end of the resistor R6 to serve as a dc voltage negative end of the dc voltage supply module 8.
As described above, the scheme also protects a driving method of the permanent magnet synchronous motor stator coil driving device, which comprises the following steps,
detecting the polarity of a motor rotor: detecting the polarity of the motor rotor through the linear Hall sensor module 6 so as to facilitate the control module 1 to judge whether the position of the motor rotor is a first polarity or a second polarity relative to a reference position, judge whether the motor rotor is turning from the first polarity to the second polarity relative to the reference position, judge whether the motor rotor is turning from the second polarity to the first polarity relative to the reference position, and judge whether the motor rotor is accelerated to synchronous rotation speed, wherein the number of motor rotor magnetic poles which is different between the actual position of the linear Hall sensor in the linear Hall sensor module 6 and the reference position is known;
detecting zero crossing of alternating voltage: detecting the zero-crossing moment of the alternating voltage waveform of the alternating current power supply module 3 by the alternating voltage zero-crossing detection module 7 so that the control module 1 can judge whether the alternating voltage between the alternating current first access terminal 31 and the alternating current second access terminal 32 is in a positive half cycle or in a negative half cycle;
the step of driving the motor rotor to start rotating: when the position of the motor rotor is judged to be in a first polarity relative to the reference position, an alternating voltage waveform between the alternating current first access end 31 and the alternating current second access end 32 is in a positive half-cycle range, the control module 1 controls the controlled silicon controlled switch module 4 to be conducted so as to enable the stator coil 2 to electrically drive the motor rotor to start rotating, otherwise, the control module 1 controls the controlled silicon controlled switch module 4 to be non-conductive, when the position of the motor rotor is judged to be in a second polarity relative to the reference position, the alternating voltage waveform between the alternating current first access end 31 and the alternating current second access end 32 is in a negative half-cycle range, the control module 1 controls the controlled silicon controlled switch module 4 to be conducted so as to enable the stator coil 2 to electrically drive the motor rotor to start rotating, otherwise, the control module 1 controls the controlled silicon controlled switch module 4 to be non-conductive;
detecting an alternating current waveform: the control module 1 detects the alternating current waveform and the zero crossing moment of the alternating current waveform detected in the alternating current power supply module 3, the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module 4 and the power supply loop of the stator coil 2 through the current detection module 5;
and driving the motor rotor to rotate rapidly: after the driving motor starts to rotate, when the control module 1 detects that the alternating current waveform passes through zero through the current detection module 5, if the motor rotor is turning from the first polarity to the second polarity relative to the reference position and the alternating voltage waveform between the alternating current first access terminal 31 and the alternating current second access terminal 32 is in a negative half cycle range, the control module 1 controls the controlled triac module 4 to conduct, and if the motor rotor is turning from the second polarity to the first polarity relative to the reference position and the alternating voltage waveform between the alternating current first access terminal 31 and the alternating current second access terminal 32 is in a positive half cycle range, the control module 1 controls the controlled triac module 4 to conduct, otherwise the control module 1 controls the controlled triac module 4 to not conduct;
optimizing efficiency: when the control module 1 determines that the motor rotor is accelerated to the synchronous rotation speed through the linear hall sensor module 6, the step of maintaining the rapid rotation of the motor rotor is maintained, in addition, according to the relationship of the number of motor rotor poles between the actual position of the linear hall sensor in the linear hall sensor module 6 and the reference position, the voltage waveform detected by the linear hall sensor module 6 is subjected to phase transformation to obtain the voltage waveform detected when the linear hall sensor in the linear hall sensor module 6 is arranged at the reference position, the alternating current waveform detected by the current detection module 5 is subjected to phase comparison with the transformed voltage waveform, if the alternating current waveform advances the transformed voltage waveform, the control module 1 controls to reduce the conduction angle of the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module 4 so as to reduce the phase difference between the alternating current waveform and the transformed voltage waveform, and if the alternating current waveform lags the transformed voltage waveform, the control module 1 controls to increase the conduction angle of the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module 4 so as to reduce the phase difference between the alternating current waveform and the transformed voltage waveform.
Preferably, the control module 1 controls the conduction of the controlled triac module 4 by outputting a square pulse, reducing the conduction angle of the controlled triac module 4 to reduce the width of the high level in the square pulse, and increasing the conduction angle of the controlled triac module 4 to increase the width of the high level in the square pulse.
Preferably, in the step of optimizing efficiency, the phase of the ac current waveform detected by the current detection module 5 is compared with the transformed voltage waveform to detect a time difference relationship between the peak on the ac current waveform and the peak on the transformed voltage waveform on the same time-amplitude coordinate, and the phase difference between the ac current waveform and the transformed voltage waveform is reduced to reduce the time difference between the peak on the ac current waveform and the peak on the transformed voltage waveform on the same time-amplitude coordinate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the arrangement of the current detection module is simple and easy to realize, the alternating current waveform and the zero crossing time of the alternating current waveform passing through in the power supply loop of the alternating current power supply module, the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module and the stator coil are convenient to detect, the linear Hall sensor module is convenient to detect the polarity change condition of the motor rotor to judge the position condition and the rotating speed condition of the motor rotor, the alternating voltage zero crossing detection module is convenient to detect the zero crossing time of the alternating current voltage waveform of the alternating current power supply module to judge whether the alternating current voltage is in the positive half cycle or the negative half cycle, and when the alternating current power supply module is concretely implemented, the control module is convenient to control whether the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module is conducted according to the position condition of the electronic rotor, the positive half cycle condition of the alternating current voltage between the alternating current first access end and the alternating current second access end, for example, the magnetic field generated when the stator coil is electrified every time is used for driving the motor rotor to rotate in the same direction, and in addition, the alternating current waveform condition in the power supply loop of the alternating current power supply module, the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module and the stator coil can be used for further controlling the zero crossing time of the alternating current waveform in the alternating current power supply loop, for example, the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module can be conducted in the time of the alternating current power supply module is better than the current power supply loop, and the current power supply module can be conducted in the current power supply time, and the current power supply module is better in the current power supply time.
2. In the method for driving the stator coil driving device of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, the step of starting rotation of the driving motor rotor is convenient for selecting positive half cycle or negative half cycle according to the polarity of the motor rotor relative to a reference position in a static state, so that a magnetic field generated when the stator coil is electrified drives the motor rotor to rotate in a set direction; in the step of driving a motor rotor to rotate rapidly, controlling the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module to be conducted in a certain period between the alternating current power supply module and the adjacent zero crossing point of alternating current waveform in a power supply loop of the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module and a stator coil, so that the alternating current waveform passing through the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module in each conduction period is not zero crossing, thereby being convenient for improving the effectiveness of current in each conduction period, being beneficial to improving the working efficiency of the motor and having good practicability; in the step of optimizing the efficiency, the alternating current waveform detected by the current detection module is subjected to phase comparison with the converted voltage waveform so as to judge the lead-lag condition of the alternating current waveform and the converted voltage waveform, and then the phase difference between the alternating current waveform and the converted voltage waveform is reduced by adjusting the conduction angle of the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module, so that the motor works in a better state.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of the present case.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the motor rotor position relative to a reference position or linear hall sensor position as N pole, the motor rotor relative to the reference position linear hall sensor being turned from N pole to S pole.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the motor rotor position relative to a reference position or linear hall sensor being S-pole and the motor rotor being turned from S-pole to N-pole relative to the reference position or linear hall sensor.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to illustrate the features of the present invention and other related features in further detail to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:
as shown in fig. 1, a permanent magnet synchronous motor stator coil driving device comprises a control module 1, a stator coil 2, an ac power supply module 3 for providing ac power to the stator coil 2, a controlled triac module 4 for controlling whether the stator coil 2 is connected with the ac power supply module 3, a current detection module 5 connected in series in a power supply loop of the ac power supply module 3 and the controlled triac module 4 and the stator coil 2 and used for detecting passing ac current waveforms and zero crossing moments thereof, a linear hall sensor module 6 used for detecting polarity change conditions of a motor rotor, an ac voltage zero crossing detection module 7 used for detecting zero crossing moments of ac voltage waveforms of the ac power supply module 3 so as to judge whether the ac voltage is in a positive half cycle or a negative half cycle, and a dc voltage supply module 8 used for providing working dc voltage to a module in the device, wherein a switch control signal input end of the triac module 4, a current detection signal output end of the current detection module 5, a detection signal output end of the linear hall sensor module 6, and a detection signal output end of the ac voltage zero crossing detection module 7 are respectively connected with the control module 1 and the second ac power supply module 31, and the second ac power supply module 31 is connected with the controlled ac power supply module 32.
As described above, the present case simple structure is easy to implement, the setting of current detection module 5 is convenient for detect alternating current waveform and zero crossing moment that pass through in the power supply loop of alternating current power supply module 3 and controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module 4 and stator coil 2, the setting of linear hall sensor module 6 is convenient for detect motor rotor polarity change condition and determine motor rotor position condition and rotational speed condition, the setting of alternating voltage zero crossing detection module 7 is convenient for detect alternating voltage waveform zero crossing moment of alternating current power supply module 3 is convenient for determine alternating voltage is in positive half cycle or negative half cycle, and during the implementation, be convenient for control module 1 is according to electronic rotor position condition, alternating current first access terminal 31 and alternating current second access terminal 32 alternating current voltage's positive and negative half cycle condition is controlled and is switched on by controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module 4, for example, select the switching period and make the magnetic field that the stator coil 2 produced when getting the electricity each time all is used for driving motor rotor to same direction rotation, in addition, according to alternating current power supply module 3 and controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module 4 and the power supply loop of stator coil 2 cross zero crossing condition in order to determine alternating current waveform, and further be used for controlling the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module 4 to be in the time, the time is effective to be in the time of switching on in the time section of the controlled silicon switch 4, and the time is effective to improve the time of the electric power waveform is easy to switch-on in each time, and is easy to switch-to be on in the time to switch stage.
As described above, in the implementation, the controlled triac module 4 includes a resistor R9, and a triac SCR1 for controlling whether the stator coil 2 is turned on or not, where a gate of the triac SCR1 is connected to one end of the resistor R9, and the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the control module 1 as a switch control signal input end of the controlled triac module 4.
As described above, in the implementation, the current detection module 5 includes a diode D2, a diode D3, a resistor R18, a capacitor C9, and a resistor R17 connected in series in the power supply loop between the ac power supply module 3 and the controlled triac module 4 and the stator coil 2, one end of the resistor R17 is further connected to the voltage positive terminal of the dc voltage supply module 8 and the negative terminal of the diode D3, the other end of the resistor R17 is further connected to one end of the resistor R18, and the other end of the resistor R18 is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D3, the negative terminal of the diode D2, and one end of the capacitor C9, and then is connected to the control module 1 as the current detection signal output end of the current detection module 5, and the other end of the capacitor C9 is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D2 and the voltage negative terminal of the dc voltage supply module 8.
As shown in fig. 1, let the voltage at the current detection signal output end of the current detection module 5 be U1, which is measured by the control module 1, when the ac voltage waveform between the ac first access end 31 and the ac second access end 32 is in the positive half cycle, U1 is less than 5V, when the ac voltage waveform between the ac first access end 31 and the ac second access end 32 is in the negative half cycle, U1 is greater than 5V, when the time when U1 rises from less than 5V to 5V is the zero crossing time of the current waveform, and when U1 falls from greater than 5V to 5V is the zero crossing time of the current waveform.
As described above, in the implementation, the linear hall sensor module 6 includes the linear hall sensor U2, the resistor R8, the resistor R13, the resistor R14, the capacitor C7, and the capacitor C8, one end of the resistor R13 is connected to one end of the resistor R14 and then connected to the positive dc voltage end of the dc voltage supply module 8, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected to one end of the power input VCC and one end of the capacitor C8 of the linear hall sensor U2, the other end of the resistor R13 is connected to one end of the capacitor C7 and the signal output OUT of the linear hall sensor U2 and then connected to the control module 1 as the detection signal output end of the linear hall sensor module 6, the ground end GND of the linear hall sensor module 6 is connected to one end of the resistor R8, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C7 and then connected to the other end of the capacitor C8 and then connected to the negative dc voltage end of the dc voltage supply module 8.
As described above, the linear hall element is a magnetic sensor of an analog signal output, the output voltage varies linearly with the input magnetic density, the voltage output of the linear hall element accurately tracks the variation of the magnetic flux density, increasing the S-pole magnetic field increases the voltage from its static voltage, and conversely, increasing the N-pole magnetic field increases the voltage from its static voltage.
As described above, when the first polarity of the motor rotor gradually approaches the linear hall sensor U, the output voltage of the linear hall sensor module 6 is larger and larger, when the first polarity of the motor rotor gradually approaches the linear hall sensor U, the output voltage of the linear hall sensor module 6 is smaller and smaller, when the second polarity of the motor rotor gradually approaches the linear hall sensor U, the output voltage of the linear hall sensor module 6 is smaller and smaller, and when the second polarity of the motor rotor gradually approaches the linear hall sensor U, the output voltage of the linear hall sensor module 6 is larger and larger, so, in practice, according to the actual circuit setting voltage comparison value, the control module 1 compares the detected voltage with the voltage comparison value so as to determine whether the motor rotor position is the first polarity or the second polarity with respect to the reference position, whether the motor rotor is turning from the first polarity to the second polarity with respect to the reference position, whether the motor rotor is turning from the second polarity to the first polarity with respect to the reference position, and whether the motor rotor is turning to the synchronous rotation speed is raised by the frequency of the change of the polarity; when a reference position is selected, if the number of poles of the motor rotor, which is different between the linear hall sensor position and the reference position, is known, the control module 1 can determine whether the motor rotor position is of a first polarity or a second polarity with respect to the reference position, determine whether the motor rotor is turning from the first polarity to the second polarity with respect to the reference position, determine whether the motor rotor is turning from the second polarity to the first polarity with respect to the reference position, and determine whether the motor rotor is accelerating to the synchronous rotation speed by the frequency of the change of the polarities.
As described above, in the implementation, the ac voltage zero-crossing detection module 7 includes a resistor R2, a resistor R3, an NPN triode Q1, a resistor R15, a resistor R16, and a capacitor C6, one end of the resistor R2 is bypassed on the ac power supply module 3 as a zero-crossing detection signal input end, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the base of the NPN triode Q1 through the resistor R3, the collector of the NPN triode Q1 is connected with one end of the resistor R15 and one end of the resistor R16, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with the dc voltage positive end of the dc voltage supply module 8, the emitter of the NPN triode Q1 is connected with the dc voltage negative end of the dc voltage supply module 8, the other end of the resistor R16 is connected with one end of the capacitor C6 and then serves as a detection signal output end of the ac voltage zero-crossing detection module 7 and is connected with the control module 1, and the other end of the capacitor C6 is connected with the dc voltage negative end of the dc voltage supply module 8.
As shown in fig. 1, when the ac voltage waveform between the ac first access terminal 31 and the ac second access terminal 32 is in a positive half cycle, the NPN triode Q1 is not turned on, the ac voltage zero crossing detection module 7 outputs a high level to the control module 1, when the ac voltage waveform between the ac first access terminal 31 and the ac second access terminal 32 is in a negative half cycle, the NPN triode Q1 is turned on, and the ac voltage zero crossing detection module 7 outputs a low level to the control module 1, so that when the output level of the ac voltage zero crossing detection module 7 changes from the high level to the low level or from the low level to the high level, the ac voltage zero crossing is indicated.
As described above, in the embodiment, the dc voltage supply module 8 is powered by the ac power supply module 3.
As described above, in the embodiment, the dc voltage supply module 8 includes a voltage stabilizing tube Z1, a diode D1, a polar capacitor C3, and a resistor R6, where the voltage stabilizing tube Z1 is connected to the ac power supply module 3 to form a power supply loop, the negative end of the voltage stabilizing tube Z1 is connected to the positive end of the polar capacitor C3 and one end of the resistor R6 to serve as the positive end of the dc voltage supply module 8, the positive end of the voltage stabilizing tube Z1 is connected to the negative end of the diode D1, and the positive end of the diode D1 is connected to the negative end of the polar capacitor C3 and the other end of the resistor R6 to serve as the negative end of the dc voltage supply module 8.
As described above, the present disclosure also discloses a driving method of the driving device for the stator coil of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
detecting the polarity of a motor rotor: detecting the polarity of the motor rotor through the linear Hall sensor module 6 so as to facilitate the control module 1 to judge whether the position of the motor rotor is a first polarity or a second polarity relative to a reference position, judge whether the motor rotor is turning from the first polarity to the second polarity relative to the reference position, judge whether the motor rotor is turning from the second polarity to the first polarity relative to the reference position, and judge whether the motor rotor is accelerated to synchronous rotation speed, wherein the number of motor rotor magnetic poles which is different between the actual position of the linear Hall sensor in the linear Hall sensor module 6 and the reference position is known;
detecting zero crossing of alternating voltage: detecting the zero-crossing moment of the alternating voltage waveform of the alternating current power supply module 3 by the alternating voltage zero-crossing detection module 7 so that the control module 1 can judge whether the alternating voltage between the alternating current first access terminal 31 and the alternating current second access terminal 32 is in a positive half cycle or in a negative half cycle;
the step of driving the motor rotor to start rotating: when the position of the motor rotor is judged to be in a first polarity relative to the reference position, an alternating voltage waveform between the alternating current first access end 31 and the alternating current second access end 32 is in a positive half-cycle range, the control module 1 controls the controlled silicon controlled switch module 4 to be conducted so as to enable the stator coil 2 to electrically drive the motor rotor to start rotating, otherwise, the control module 1 controls the controlled silicon controlled switch module 4 to be non-conductive, when the position of the motor rotor is judged to be in a second polarity relative to the reference position, the alternating voltage waveform between the alternating current first access end 31 and the alternating current second access end 32 is in a negative half-cycle range, the control module 1 controls the controlled silicon controlled switch module 4 to be conducted so as to enable the stator coil 2 to electrically drive the motor rotor to start rotating, otherwise, the control module 1 controls the controlled silicon controlled switch module 4 to be non-conductive;
detecting an alternating current waveform: the control module 1 detects the alternating current waveform and the zero crossing moment of the alternating current waveform detected in the alternating current power supply module 3, the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module 4 and the power supply loop of the stator coil 2 through the current detection module 5;
and driving the motor rotor to rotate rapidly: after the driving motor starts to rotate, when the control module 1 detects that the alternating current waveform passes through zero through the current detection module 5, if the motor rotor is turning from the first polarity to the second polarity relative to the reference position and the alternating voltage waveform between the alternating current first access terminal 31 and the alternating current second access terminal 32 is in the negative half-cycle range, the control module 1 controls the controlled triac module 4 to conduct, and if the motor rotor is turning from the second polarity to the first polarity relative to the reference position and the alternating voltage waveform between the alternating current first access terminal 31 and the alternating current second access terminal 32 is in the positive half-cycle range, the control module 1 controls the controlled triac module 4 to conduct, otherwise the control module 1 controls the controlled triac module 4 to not conduct;
optimizing efficiency: when the control module 1 determines that the motor rotor is accelerated to the synchronous rotation speed through the linear hall sensor module 6, the step of maintaining the rapid rotation of the motor rotor is maintained, in addition, according to the relationship of the number of motor rotor poles between the actual position of the linear hall sensor in the linear hall sensor module 6 and the reference position, the voltage waveform detected by the linear hall sensor module 6 is subjected to phase transformation to obtain the voltage waveform detected when the linear hall sensor in the linear hall sensor module 6 is arranged at the reference position, the alternating current waveform detected by the current detection module 5 is subjected to phase comparison with the transformed voltage waveform, if the alternating current waveform advances the transformed voltage waveform, the control module 1 controls to reduce the conduction angle of the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module 4 so as to reduce the phase difference between the alternating current waveform and the transformed voltage waveform, and if the alternating current waveform lags the transformed voltage waveform, the control module 1 controls to increase the conduction angle of the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module 4 so as to reduce the phase difference between the alternating current waveform and the transformed voltage waveform.
As described above, in the method for driving the stator coil driving device of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, the step of starting rotation of the motor rotor is convenient for selecting the positive half-cycle or the negative half-cycle according to the polarity of the motor rotor relative to the reference position in the stationary state, so that the magnetic field generated when the stator coil 2 is powered on drives the motor rotor to rotate in the set direction; in the step of driving the motor rotor to rotate rapidly, the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module 4 is controlled to be conducted in a certain period between the alternating current power supply module 3 and the adjacent zero crossing point of alternating current waveform in the power supply loop of the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module 4 and the stator coil 2, so that the alternating current waveform of the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module 4 in each conduction period is not zero crossing, the effectiveness of current is improved in each conduction period, the working efficiency of the motor is improved, and the practicability is good; in the step of optimizing the efficiency, the ac current waveform detected by the current detection module 5 is phase-compared with the converted voltage waveform so as to judge the lead-lag condition of the ac current waveform and the converted voltage waveform, and then the phase difference between the ac current waveform and the converted voltage waveform is reduced by adjusting the conduction angle of the controlled triac module 4, so that the motor works in a better state.
As described above, in the embodiment, the actual position of the linear hall sensor in the linear hall sensor module 6 is set at the reference position or not.
As described above, in the implementation, the module 1 controls the conduction of the controlled triac module 4 by outputting the square wave pulse wave, so as to reduce the conduction angle of the controlled triac module 4 to reduce the width of the high level in the square wave pulse, and increase the conduction angle of the controlled triac module 4 to increase the width of the high level in the square wave pulse.
As described above, in the step of optimizing the efficiency, the ac current waveform detected by the current detection module 5 and the converted voltage waveform are phase-compared to detect the time difference relationship between the peak on the ac current waveform and the peak on the converted voltage waveform on the same time-amplitude coordinate, and the phase difference between the ac current waveform and the converted voltage waveform is reduced to reduce the time difference between the peak on the ac current waveform and the peak on the converted voltage waveform on the same time-amplitude coordinate.
As described above, the present disclosure protects a driving device and a driving method for a stator coil of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and all technical schemes which are the same as or similar to the present disclosure should be shown as falling within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. The permanent magnet synchronous motor stator coil driving device is characterized by comprising a control module (1), a stator coil (2), an alternating current power supply module (3) for supplying alternating current to the stator coil (2), a controlled bidirectional silicon-controlled switch module (4) for controlling whether the stator coil (2) is connected with the alternating current power supply module (3), a current detection module (5) which is connected in series in a power supply loop of the alternating current power supply module (3) and the controlled bidirectional silicon-controlled switch module (4) and the stator coil (2) and is used for detecting the passing alternating current waveform and the zero crossing moment thereof, a linear Hall sensor module (6) for detecting the polarity change condition of a motor rotor, an alternating current voltage detection module (7) for detecting the zero crossing moment of the alternating current waveform of the alternating current power supply module (3) so as to judge whether the alternating current voltage is in the positive half cycle or the negative half cycle, a direct current voltage supply module (8) for supplying working direct current voltage to a middle module, a switch control signal input end of the controlled bidirectional silicon-controlled switch module (4), a Hall sensor signal output end of the current detection module (5), a linear Hall sensor signal output end of the current detection module (6) and a zero crossing signal output end of the alternating current detection module (1) are respectively connected with the control module (1), the alternating current power supply module (3) is externally provided with an alternating current first access end (31) and an alternating current second access end (32).
2. The permanent magnet synchronous motor stator coil driving device according to claim 1, characterized in that the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module (4) comprises a resistor R9 and a bidirectional thyristor SCR1 for controlling whether the stator coil (2) is connected with the alternating current power supply module (3), a gate electrode of the bidirectional thyristor SCR1 is connected with one end of the resistor R9, and the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with the control module (1) as a switch control signal input end of the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module (4).
3. The permanent magnet synchronous motor stator coil driving device according to claim 1, wherein the current detection module (5) comprises a diode D2, a diode D3, a resistor R18, a capacitor C9, and a resistor R17 connected in series in a power supply loop of the ac power supply module (3) and the controlled triac switch module (4) and the stator coil (2), one end of the resistor R17 is further connected with a voltage positive terminal of the dc voltage supply module (8) and a voltage negative terminal of the diode D3, the other end of the resistor R17 is further connected with one end of the resistor R18, and after one end of the resistor R18 is connected with the positive terminal of the diode D3 and the negative terminal of the diode D2, the other end of the capacitor C9 is connected with the control module (1) as a current detection signal output terminal of the current detection module (5), and the other end of the capacitor C9 is connected with a voltage positive terminal of the diode D2 and a voltage negative terminal of the dc voltage supply module (8).
4. The permanent magnet synchronous motor stator coil driving device according to claim 1, wherein the linear hall sensor module (6) comprises a linear hall sensor U2, a resistor R8, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a capacitor C7 and a capacitor C8, one end of the resistor R13 is connected with one end of the resistor R14 and then connected with a direct voltage positive end of the direct voltage providing module (8), the other end of the resistor R14 is connected with a power input end VCC of the linear hall sensor U2 and one end of the capacitor C8, the other end of the resistor R13 is connected with one end of the capacitor C7 and then connected with a signal output end OUT of the linear hall sensor U2 and then connected with the control module (1) as a detection signal output end OUT of the linear hall sensor module (6), a ground end GND of the linear hall sensor module (6) is connected with one end of the resistor R8, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with the other end of the capacitor C7 and then connected with a direct voltage negative end of the direct voltage providing module (8).
5. The permanent magnet synchronous motor stator coil driving device according to claim 1, wherein the ac voltage zero-crossing detection module (7) comprises a resistor R2, a resistor R3, an NPN triode Q1, a resistor R15, a resistor R16, and a capacitor C6, one end of the resistor R2 is bypassed on the ac power supply module (3) as a zero-crossing detection signal input end, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with a base of the NPN triode Q1 through the resistor R3, a collector of the NPN triode Q1 is connected with one end of the resistor R15 and one end of the resistor R16, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with a dc voltage positive end of the dc voltage supply module (8), an emitter of the NPN triode Q1 is connected with a dc voltage negative end of the dc voltage supply module (8), the other end of the resistor R16 is connected with one end of the capacitor C6 and then serves as a detection signal output end of the ac voltage zero-crossing detection module (7) and is connected with the control module (1), and the other end of the capacitor C6 is connected with a dc voltage negative end of the dc voltage supply module (8).
6. A permanent magnet synchronous motor stator coil drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the direct voltage supply module (8) is powered by the alternating current supply module (3).
7. The permanent magnet synchronous motor stator coil driving device according to claim 6, wherein the dc voltage supply module (8) comprises a voltage stabilizing tube Z1, a diode D1, a polar capacitor C3, and a resistor R6, the voltage stabilizing tube Z1 is connected with the ac power supply module (3) to form a power supply loop, a negative end of the voltage stabilizing tube Z1 is connected with a positive end of the polar capacitor C3 and one end of the resistor R6 to serve as a dc voltage positive end of the dc voltage supply module (8), a positive end of the voltage stabilizing tube Z1 is connected with a negative end of the diode D1, and a positive end of the diode D1 is connected with a negative end of the polar capacitor C3 and the other end of the resistor R6 to serve as a dc voltage negative end of the dc voltage supply module (8).
8. A driving method of a stator coil driving device of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of,
detecting the polarity of a motor rotor: detecting the polarity of the motor rotor through the linear Hall sensor module (6) so as to facilitate the control module (1) to judge whether the position of the motor rotor is a first polarity or a second polarity relative to a reference position, judge whether the motor rotor is turning from the first polarity to the second polarity relative to the reference position, judge whether the motor rotor is turning from the second polarity to the first polarity, judge whether the motor rotor is accelerating to synchronous rotation speed, wherein the number of motor rotor magnetic poles which are different between the actual position of the linear Hall sensor in the linear Hall sensor module (6) and the reference position is known;
detecting zero crossing of alternating voltage: detecting the zero-crossing moment of the alternating voltage waveform of the alternating current power supply module (3) through the alternating voltage zero-crossing detection module (7), so that the control module (1) can judge whether the alternating voltage between the alternating current first access end (31) and the alternating current second access end (32) is in the positive half cycle or in the negative half cycle;
the step of driving the motor rotor to start rotating: when the position of the motor rotor is judged to be in a first polarity relative to the reference position, alternating voltage waveforms between the alternating current first access end (31) and the alternating current second access end (32) are in a positive half-cycle range, the control module (1) controls the controlled silicon controlled switch module (4) to be conducted so that the stator coil (2) can drive the motor rotor to start rotating, otherwise, the control module (1) controls the controlled silicon controlled switch module (4) to be non-conducted, when the position of the motor rotor is judged to be in a second polarity relative to the reference position, alternating voltage waveforms between the alternating current first access end (31) and the alternating current second access end (32) are in a negative half-cycle range, the control module (1) controls the controlled silicon controlled switch module (4) to be conducted so that the stator coil (2) can drive the motor rotor to start rotating, otherwise, the control module (1) controls the controlled silicon controlled switch module (4) to be non-conducted;
detecting an alternating current waveform: the control module (1) detects the alternating current waveform and the zero crossing moment of the alternating current waveform in the power supply loop of the alternating current power supply module (3), the controlled bidirectional thyristor switch module (4) and the stator coil (2) through the current detection module (5);
and driving the motor rotor to rotate rapidly: after the driving motor starts to rotate, when the control module (1) detects zero crossing of an alternating current waveform through the current detection module (5), if the motor rotor is turning from the first polarity to the second polarity relative to the reference position and the alternating voltage waveform between the alternating current first access end (31) and the alternating current second access end (32) is in a negative half-cycle range, the control module (1) controls the controlled silicon controlled switch module (4) to be conducted, and if the motor rotor is turning from the second polarity to the first polarity relative to the reference position and the alternating voltage waveform between the alternating current first access end (31) and the alternating current second access end (32) is in a positive half-cycle range, the control module (1) controls the controlled silicon controlled switch module (4) to be conducted, and under the rest conditions, the control module (1) controls the controlled silicon controlled switch module (4) to be not conducted;
optimizing efficiency: when the control module (1) judges that the motor rotor is accelerated to the synchronous rotating speed through the linear Hall sensor module (6), the step of driving the motor rotor to rotate rapidly is maintained, in addition, according to the relationship of the number of motor rotor magnetic poles of the phase difference between the actual position of the linear Hall sensor in the linear Hall sensor module (6) and the reference position, the voltage waveform detected by the linear Hall sensor module (6) is subjected to phase transformation to obtain the voltage waveform detected when the linear Hall sensor in the linear Hall sensor module (6) is arranged at the reference position, the alternating current waveform detected by the current detection module (5) is subjected to phase comparison with the transformed voltage waveform, if the alternating current waveform advances the transformed voltage waveform, the control module (1) controls to reduce the conduction angle of the controlled bidirectional controllable silicon switch module (4) so as to reduce the phase difference between the alternating current waveform and the transformed voltage waveform, and if the alternating current waveform lags the transformed voltage waveform, the control module (1) controls to increase the phase difference between the controlled silicon controllable silicon switch (4) and the bidirectional controllable silicon switch (4) so as to reduce the phase difference between the controlled silicon switch waveform and the transformed voltage waveform.
9. The driving method of the permanent magnet synchronous motor stator coil driving device according to claim 8, wherein the die making module (1) controls the conduction of the controlled triac (4) by outputting square wave pulses, the conduction angle of the controlled triac (4) is reduced to reduce the width of the high level in the square wave pulses, and the conduction angle of the controlled triac (4) is increased to increase the width of the high level in the square wave pulses.
10. The driving method of a stator coil driving apparatus for a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 8, wherein in the step of optimizing efficiency, the alternating current waveform detected by the current detection module (5) and the converted voltage waveform are phase-compared to each other as a time difference relationship between the peak on the alternating current waveform and the peak on the converted voltage waveform detected on the same time-amplitude coordinate, and the phase difference between the alternating current waveform and the converted voltage waveform is reduced as a time difference between the peak on the alternating current waveform and the peak on the converted voltage waveform on the same time-amplitude coordinate.
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| CN202310020102.9A CN116155147A (en) | 2023-01-06 | 2023-01-06 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor stator coil driving device and driving method thereof |
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| CN202310020102.9A CN116155147A (en) | 2023-01-06 | 2023-01-06 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor stator coil driving device and driving method thereof |
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