CN116155125A - Intermittent space vector modulation method of three-phase five-level inverter - Google Patents

Intermittent space vector modulation method of three-phase five-level inverter Download PDF

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CN116155125A
CN116155125A CN202310420022.2A CN202310420022A CN116155125A CN 116155125 A CN116155125 A CN 116155125A CN 202310420022 A CN202310420022 A CN 202310420022A CN 116155125 A CN116155125 A CN 116155125A
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sector
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CN116155125B (en
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朱晓楠
汪洪亮
邓孝军
唐伟
岳秀梅
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Hunan University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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Abstract

The invention provides an intermittent space vector modulation method of a three-phase five-level inverter, and relates to the technical field of electrical control. The intermittent space vector modulation method comprises the following steps: acquiring a target large sector and a target small sector of a reference vector in a space vector diagram, wherein the space vector diagram comprises 6 large sectors, each large sector is provided with 12 small sectors, and the 6 large sectors are divided according to angles; calculating the acting time of a basic vector of a synthesized reference vector, wherein the basic vector refers to 3 or 4 vectors adjacent to the reference vector in the target small sector; selecting a vector acting sequence of a basic vector according to a target small sector of the reference vector in the target large sectors; and controlling the switching on or switching off of a switching tube in the three-phase five-level inverter according to the acting time of the basic vector and the vector acting sequence of the basic vector. The method is suitable for the coupling type three-phase five-level inverter, and can reduce the switching loss in the inverter.

Description

Intermittent space vector modulation method of three-phase five-level inverter
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrical control, in particular to an intermittent space vector modulation method of a three-phase five-level inverter.
Background
As a modulation algorithm which is commonly used for the multilevel inverter, a space vector modulation (SVPWM) algorithm is easy to digitize, has higher direct current voltage utilization rate and lower total harmonic distortion rate of output voltage, can realize higher output power quality with lower switching frequency compared with SPWM, and is widely applied to the multilevel inverter.
Taking a traditional three-phase five-level inverter as an example, a space vector diagram of the three-phase five-level inverter is shown in fig. 1. Five levels of the three-phase five-level inverter are shown as +V dc ，+V dc ，0，-V dc ，-V dc Denoted 4,3,2,1,0, respectively. As can be seen from the figure, the conventional three-phase five-level system contains 125 space vectors. The SVPWM implementation method mainly comprises the following three steps: (1) Sector judgment of the reference voltage space vector is realized according to the coordinate value of the reference voltage space vector in the two-phase static coordinate system; (2) Determining the action time and sequence of two adjacent basic voltage space vectors of a sector required by synthesizing a reference vector; (3) The switching device switching point corresponding to the A, B, C three-phase switching function is determined.
However, conventional SVPWM is only applicable to three-phase inverters with legs independent of each other. For a coupled three-phase inverter, partial vectors cannot be obtained due to the coupling relation of three-phase bridge arms, so that the traditional SVPWM cannot be suitable for the coupled inverter.
Disclosure of Invention
(one) solving the technical problems
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an intermittent space vector modulation method of a three-phase five-level inverter, which solves the technical problem that the traditional SVPWM cannot be suitable for a coupling type inverter.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an intermittent space vector modulation method of a three-phase five-level inverter, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a target large sector and a target small sector of a reference vector in a space vector diagram, wherein the space vector diagram comprises 6 large sectors, and each large sector is provided with 12 small sectors;
calculating the acting time of a basic vector of a synthesized reference vector, wherein the basic vector refers to 3 or 4 vectors adjacent to the reference vector in the target small sector;
based on an order selection principle, selecting a vector acting order of a basic vector according to a target small sector of the reference vector in the target large sectors;
and controlling the switching on or switching off of a switching tube in the three-phase five-level inverter according to the acting time of the basic vector and the vector acting sequence of the basic vector.
Preferably, the space vector diagram comprises 77 vectors, all 77 vectors are divided into five classes according to the difference of vector magnitudes, the space vector diagram is a hexagon of 4 layers, wherein,
the 5 vectors located at the center have magnitudes of 0, which is called the zero vector; zero vectors are specifically 000, 111, 222, 333, and 444;
a total of 12 vectors are distributed on the first hexagon, the 12 vectors are divided into 6 groups, each group contains 2 redundant vectors, and the vector lengths of the redundant vectors are allV dc 6; wherein,,
the 6 sets of vectors are specifically (232, 121), (221, 332), (211, 322), (323, 212), (223, 112) and (233, 122);
a total of 24 vectors are distributed on the second hexagon, wherein the length of 18 vectors is as followsV dc The 18 vectors are divided into 6 groups, each group comprising 3 redundant vectors, the 6 vectors having a length of
Figure SMS_1
Each group includes 1 vector; wherein,,
length ofV dc The 6 sets of vectors of/3 are specifically (242, 131, 020), (331, 220, 442), (311, 200, 422), (31)3,202, 424), (113, 002, 224) and (133, 002, 244),
length of
Figure SMS_2
Specifically 231, 321, 312, 213, 123, and 132;
a total of 24 vectors are distributed on the third hexagon, wherein 12 vectors have the length ofV dc The 12 vectors are divided into 6 groups, each group containing 2 redundant vectors, the 12 vectors having a length of
Figure SMS_3
The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein,,
length ofV dc The 6 sets of vectors of/2 are specifically (030, 141), (441, 330), (300, 114), (414, 303), (114, 003) and (033, 144),
length of
Figure SMS_4
Specifically 241, 230, 320, 421, 412, 302, 203, 214, 124, 023, 032, and 142;
the fourth hexagon is distributed with 12 vectors, 6 of which have a length of 2V dc 3, another 6 vectors of length
Figure SMS_5
The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein,,
length of 2V dc The 6 vectors of/3 are in particular 040, 440, 400, 404, 004 and 044,
length of
Figure SMS_6
Specifically 240, 420, 402, 204, 024 and 042;
wherein 4,3,2,1,0 respectively represents five levels of output of each phase bridge arm of the three-phase five-level inverterV dc /2，V dc /4，0，-V dc /4，-V dc /2，V dc The size of the direct current power supply of the three-phase five-level inverter is shown.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of obtaining the angle of a reference vector and determining the large sector where the reference vector is located, wherein in the space vector diagram, each large sector occupies an angle of 60 degrees, 0-60 degrees is an I sector, 60-120 degrees is an II sector, 120-180 degrees is an III sector, 180-240 degrees is an IV sector, 240-300 degrees is an V sector, and 300-360 degrees is an VI sector.
Preferably, the obtaining the target small sector of the reference vector in the space vector diagram includes:
acquiring the components of the reference vector in the alpha and beta axesV α 、V β ；
According toV α 、V β Calculating small sector judgment parametersV α1 AndV β1 ；
and calculating a target small sector of the reference vector according to the small sector judgment parameter.
Preferably, the said methodV α 、V β Calculating small sector judgment parametersV α1 AndV β1 comprising:
reference vector in sector I:
V α1 =V α
V β1 =V β
reference vector in sector II:
Figure SMS_7
Figure SMS_8
reference vector in sector III:
Figure SMS_9
Figure SMS_10
reference vector in sector IV:
V α1 =－V α
V β1 =－V β
reference vector in sector V:
Figure SMS_11
Figure SMS_12
reference vector in sector VI:
Figure SMS_13
Figure SMS_14
。
preferably, the calculating the target small sector of the reference vector according to the small sector judgment parameter includes:
when (when)
Figure SMS_15
Reference vectorV ref Fall in 1 sector;
when (when)
Figure SMS_16
And->
Figure SMS_17
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 2 sectors;
when (when)
Figure SMS_18
，
Figure SMS_19
And->
Figure SMS_20
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 3 sectors;
when (when)
Figure SMS_21
And->
Figure SMS_22
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 4 sectors; />
When (when)
Figure SMS_23
And->
Figure SMS_24
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 5 sectors;
when (when)
Figure SMS_25
，
Figure SMS_26
And->
Figure SMS_27
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref falling in 6 sectors;
when (when)
Figure SMS_28
，
Figure SMS_29
And->
Figure SMS_30
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 7 sectors;
when (when)
Figure SMS_31
，
Figure SMS_32
And->
Figure SMS_33
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 8 sectors;
when (when)
Figure SMS_34
And->
Figure SMS_35
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref falling in 9 sectors;
when (when)
Figure SMS_36
And->
Figure SMS_37
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 10 sectors;
when (when)
Figure SMS_38
，
Figure SMS_39
And->
Figure SMS_40
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref falls within 11 sectors;
when (when)
Figure SMS_41
And->
Figure SMS_42
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref falls within 12 sectors.
Preferably, the calculating the acting time of the basic vector of the synthesized reference vector includes:
calculating the action time of a basic vector of the synthesized reference vector according to the volt-second balance principle;
when the reference vector is located in the small sector 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, 11, the reference vector is synthesized by adopting the three nearest basic vectors;
when the reference vector is located in the small sectors 10 and 12, the reference vector is synthesized using the last four base vectors.
Preferably, the order selection principle includes:
in one switching period, each switching tube in the three-phase five-level inverter acts at most once;
and through vector selection, the switching frequency level of the voltage division capacitor and the suspension capacitor in the three-phase five-level inverter is adjusted.
(III) beneficial effects
The invention provides an intermittent space vector modulation method of a three-phase five-level inverter. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining a target large sector and a target small sector of a reference vector in a space vector diagram, wherein the space vector diagram comprises 6 large sectors, each large sector is provided with 12 small sectors, and the 6 large sectors are divided according to angles; calculating the acting time of a basic vector of a synthesized reference vector, wherein the basic vector refers to 3 or 4 vectors adjacent to the reference vector in the target small sector; selecting a vector acting sequence of a basic vector according to a target small sector of the reference vector in the target large sectors; and controlling the switching on or switching off of a switching tube in the three-phase five-level inverter according to the acting time of the basic vector and the vector acting sequence of the basic vector. The method is suitable for the coupling type three-phase five-level inverter, and can reduce the switching loss in the inverter.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a space vector diagram of a conventional three-phase five-level inverter;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a coupled three-phase five-level inverter;
FIG. 3 is a space vector diagram of a coupled three-phase five-level inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a plot of small sectors within the first large sector in the space vector diagram of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a reference vector falling within the 1 st small sector;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a reference vector falling within the 10 th small sector;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of the order of action of the vectors of the 1 st small sector;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of the order of action of the vectors of the 10 th small sector;
fig. 9 is a circuit diagram of another form of coupled three-phase five-level inverter different from fig. 2.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the application aims to solve the technical problems, and the overall thought is as follows:
aiming at the problem that the traditional SVPWM cannot be suitable for a coupling type inverter, the embodiment of the invention provides an intermittent space vector modulation method suitable for a coupling type three-phase five-level inverter. The topology structure of the coupling type three-phase five-level inverter is shown in fig. 2, and 77 working modes (vectors) are shared. In the modal analysis, five levels are used for the convenience of expressionV dc /2，V dc /4，0，- V dc 4 and-V dc And/2 is denoted by 4,3,2,1,0, respectively, and the space vector diagram thereof is shown in fig. 3.
In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the following detailed description will refer to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The embodiment of the invention provides an intermittent space vector modulation method of a three-phase five-level inverter, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring a target large sector and a target small sector of a reference vector in a space vector diagram, wherein the space vector diagram comprises 6 large sectors, each large sector is provided with 12 small sectors, and the 6 large sectors are divided according to angles;
s2, calculating the acting time of a basic vector of a synthesized reference vector, wherein the basic vector refers to 3 or 4 vectors adjacent to the reference vector in the target small sector;
s3, selecting a vector acting sequence of a basic vector according to a target small sector of the reference vector in the target large sector;
s4, controlling the switching tube in the three-phase five-level inverter to be closed or opened according to the action time of the basic vector and the vector action sequence of the basic vector.
The following details the individual steps:
in step S1, a target large sector and a target small sector of a reference vector in a space vector diagram are acquired, wherein the space vector diagram comprises 6 large sectors, each large sector is provided with 12 small sectors, and the 6 large sectors are divided by angles. The specific implementation process is as follows:
as shown in fig. 3, five levels are to be usedV dc /2，V dc /4，0，- V dc 4 and-V dc Each of the vectors/2 is denoted by 4,3,2,1,0, and all vectors can be classified into five types according to the magnitude of the vector. The 5 vectors located at the center have magnitudes of 0, which is called the zero vector; the first hexagon has a total of 12 vectors distributed thereon, which can be divided into 6 groups each containing 2 redundant vectors and having a vector length ofV dc 6; a total of 24 vectors are distributed on the second hexagon, wherein the length of 18 vectors is as followsV dc 3, each group comprising 3 redundant vectors, 6 vectors having a length of
Figure SMS_43
Only 1 vector per group; a total of 24 vectors are distributed on the third hexagon, wherein 12 vectors have the length ofV dc 2, each group comprising 2 redundant vectorsThe length of the 12 vectors is +.>
Figure SMS_44
The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the 12 vectors are distributed on the outermost layer hexagon, wherein 6 vectors have a length of 2V dc 3, the other 6 vectors have a length +.>
Figure SMS_45
。
According to the angle, the space vector diagram shown in FIG. 3 is divided into six large sectors (sectors I-VI), each large sector occupies 60 degrees, and the judgment principle is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 principle of large sector division
Angle of Sector area
0~60° I
60°~120° II
20°~180° III
180°~240° IV
240°~300° V
300°~360° VI
In order to reduce harmonic distortion as much as possible, the reference vector is synthesized from three or four vectors nearest to it, so that each large sector can be divided into 12 small sectors again. Taking the I-th large sector as an example, 12 small sectors are respectively denoted by numerals 1-12, and their spatial distribution is shown in fig. 4.
The small sector judging process is as follows:
acquiring the components of the reference vector in the alpha and beta axesV α 、V β ；
According toV α 、V β Calculating small sector judgment parametersV α1 AndV β1 the calculation method of the small sector judgment parameters of each large sector is as follows:
reference vector in sector I:
V α1 =V α
V β1 =V β
reference vector in sector II:
Figure SMS_46
Figure SMS_47
reference vector in sector III:
Figure SMS_48
Figure SMS_49
reference vector in sector IV:
V α1 =－V α
V β1 =－V β
reference vector in sector V:
Figure SMS_50
Figure SMS_51
reference vector in sector VI:
Figure SMS_52
Figure SMS_53
wherein,,V α 、V β the alpha and beta components of the reference vector, respectively.
The target small sector of the reference vector is calculated according to the small sector judgment parameter, and the target small sector comprises the following components:
when (when)
Figure SMS_54
Reference vectorV ref Fall in 1 sector;
when (when)
Figure SMS_55
And->
Figure SMS_56
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 2 sectors;
when (when)
Figure SMS_57
，
Figure SMS_58
And->
Figure SMS_59
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 3 sectors;
when (when)
Figure SMS_60
And->
Figure SMS_61
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 4 sectors;
when (when)
Figure SMS_62
And->
Figure SMS_63
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 5 sectors; />
When (when)
Figure SMS_64
，
Figure SMS_65
And->
Figure SMS_66
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref falling in 6 sectors;
when (when)
Figure SMS_67
，
Figure SMS_68
And->
Figure SMS_69
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 7 sectors;
when (when)
Figure SMS_70
，
Figure SMS_71
And->
Figure SMS_72
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 8 sectors;
when (when)
Figure SMS_73
And->
Figure SMS_74
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref falling in 9 sectors;
when (when)
Figure SMS_75
And->
Figure SMS_76
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 10 sectors;
when (when)
Figure SMS_77
，
Figure SMS_78
And->
Figure SMS_79
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref falls within 11 sectors;
when (when)
Figure SMS_80
And->
Figure SMS_81
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref falls within 12 sectors.
In step S2, the time of action of the base vector of the synthesized reference vector is calculated, the base vector referring to 3 or 4 vectors adjacent to the reference vector in the target small sector. The specific implementation process is as follows:
when referring to vectorsV ref The reference vector is synthesized using the last three base vectors when located in small sectors 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, 11. Taking sector 2 as an example, the dashed arrow represents a reference vectorV ref ，θAs phase angle of reference vector, solid arrowV 0 ，V 1 AndV 2 is the distanceV ref The last three vectors. SynthesisV ref Is the time of action of the base vector of (a)The calculation may be performed by:
as shown in fig. 5, whenV ref When falling in the 2 nd small sector, the formula (1) is obtained by volt-second balance, whereinTIs a switching period.
Figure SMS_82
（1）
The vector V can be further obtained by the method (1) 0 、V 1 And V 2 Is used for the duration of actiont 0 、t 1 Andt 2 as shown in the formula (2), m is a modulation degree
Figure SMS_83
）。/>
Figure SMS_84
（2）
When referring to vectorsV ref The nearest four base vector synthesis reference vectors are used when located in small sectors 10 and 12. Taking the 10 th small sector as an example, vectors are usedV 0 ，V 1 ，V 2 AndV 3 to synthesize reference vectorsV ref As shown in fig. 6.
From the volt-second balance, equation (3) can be obtained, and vector V can be obtained 0 、V 1 、V 2 And V 3 Corresponding time of actiont 0 、t 1 、t 2 Andt 3 as shown in formula (4).
Figure SMS_85
（3）
Figure SMS_86
（4）
In step S3, a vector order of the base vectors is selected according to a target small sector of the reference vectors among the target large sectors. The specific implementation process is as follows:
the intermittent SVPWM waveform is adopted, and the following order selection principle is considered when selecting the vector action order:
(1) ensuring that each switching tube acts once at most in one switching period;
(2) the switching frequency level of the voltage division capacitor and the suspension capacitor is adjusted through reasonable selection of vectors, so that the system can work stably and the quality of output waveforms is guaranteed.
Taking the first largest sector as an example, the final selected vector order of action is shown in tables 2 and 3, according to the principles described above. Wherein table 2 shows the vector order of the three-vector synthesized reference vectors in the 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, 11 small sectors in the I large sector, and wherein table 3 shows the vector order of the four-vector synthesized reference vectors in the 10 th and 12 th small sectors in the I large sector. The order of vector operations in the other large sectors is similar to that of the I-th large sector. Fig. 7 and 8 show the output voltages of the A, B, C three-phase bridge arms in the 1 st and 10 th small sectors of the I-th large sector, respectively, in one switching cycle. From fig. 7, it can be observed that: the a-phase voltage is switched between two levels of 2 and 3, the C-phase is switched between two levels of 0 and 1, and the B-phase is always kept at 2. From fig. 8, it can be observed that: the a-phase voltage is switched between two levels of 3 and 4, the B-phase is switched between three levels of 2,3 and 4, and the C-phase is always kept at 0 level. In summary, the method belongs to the intermittent PWM modulation method, and can reduce the switching loss of the converter. In addition, it can be seen from fig. 8 that the a and B two-phase voltages jump twice in one switching cycle, but each switching device is only operated once, in accordance with the vector selection principle described above.
Table 2 vector action sequence table of three vector synthesized reference vectors
Figure SMS_87
Table 3 vector action sequence table of four vector synthesized reference vector
Figure SMS_88
In step S4, switching on or off of switching tubes in the three-phase five-level inverter is controlled according to the action time of the basic vector and the vector action order of the basic vector. The specific implementation process is as follows:
according to the action time of the basic vector and the vector action sequence of the basic vector, A, B, C three-phase bridge arm output level, and according to the magnitude of the output level, reversely pushing out the state of a switching tube in the three-phase five-level inverter, generating a PWM driving signal, inputting the input PWM driving signal to a control end in the inverter, and controlling the switching tube in the three-phase five-level inverter to be closed or opened.
It should be noted that, the intermittent space vector modulation method according to the embodiment of the present invention is also applicable to other three-phase five-level inverters, such as the three-phase five-level inverter shown in fig. 9, which is not listed here.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
the intermittent space vector modulation method of the three-phase five-level inverter is suitable for the coupling type three-phase five-level inverter, and can reduce the switching loss in the inverter.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A discontinuous space vector modulation method of a three-phase five-level inverter, comprising:
acquiring a target large sector and a target small sector of a reference vector in a space vector diagram, wherein the space vector diagram comprises 6 large sectors, and each large sector is provided with 12 small sectors;
calculating the acting time of a basic vector of a synthesized reference vector, wherein the basic vector refers to 3 or 4 vectors adjacent to the reference vector in the target small sector;
based on an order selection principle, selecting a vector acting order of a basic vector according to a target small sector of the reference vector in the target large sectors;
and controlling the switching on or switching off of a switching tube in the three-phase five-level inverter according to the acting time of the basic vector and the vector acting sequence of the basic vector.
2. The intermittent space vector modulation method of a three-phase five-level inverter according to claim 1, wherein the space vector diagram comprises 77 vectors, all 77 vectors are divided into five classes according to the difference of vector magnitudes, the space vector diagram is a 4-layer hexagon, wherein,
the 5 vectors located at the center have magnitudes of 0, which is called the zero vector; zero vectors are specifically 000, 111, 222, 333, and 444;
a total of 12 vectors are distributed on the first hexagon, the 12 vectors are divided into 6 groups, each group contains 2 redundant vectors, and the vector lengths of the redundant vectors are allV dc 6; wherein,,
the 6 sets of vectors are specifically (232, 121), (221, 332), (211, 322), (323, 212), (223, 112) and (233, 122);
a total of 24 vectors are distributed on the second hexagon, wherein the length of 18 vectors is as followsV dc The 18 vectors are divided into 6 groups, each group comprising 3 redundant vectors, the 6 vectors having a length of
Figure QLYQS_1
Each group includes 1 vector; wherein,,
length ofV dc The 6 sets of vectors of/3 are in particular (242, 131, 020), (331, 220, 442), (311, 200, 422), (313, 202, 424), (113, 002, 224) and (133, 002, 244),
length of
Figure QLYQS_2
Specifically 231, 321, 312, 213, 123, and 132;
a total of 24 vectors are distributed on the third hexagon, wherein 12 vectors have the length ofV dc The 12 vectors are divided into 6 groups, each group containing 2 redundant vectors, the 12 vectors having a length of
Figure QLYQS_3
The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein,,
length ofV dc The 6 sets of vectors of/2 are specifically (030, 141), (441, 330), (300, 114), (414, 303), (114, 003) and (033, 144),
length of
Figure QLYQS_4
Specifically 241, 230, 320, 421, 412, 302, 203, 214, 124, 023, 032, and 142;
the fourth hexagon is distributed with 12 vectors, 6 of which have a length of 2V dc 3, another 6 vectors of length
Figure QLYQS_5
The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein,,
length of 2V dc The 6 vectors of/3 are in particular 040, 440, 400, 404, 004 and 044,
length of
Figure QLYQS_6
Specifically 240, 420, 402, 204, 024 and 042;
wherein 4,3,2,1,0 respectively represents five levels of output of each phase bridge arm of the three-phase five-level inverterV dc /2，V dc /4，0，-V dc /4，-V dc /2，V dc The size of the direct current power supply of the three-phase five-level inverter is shown.
3. The intermittent space vector modulation method of the three-phase five-level inverter according to claim 2, wherein the step of obtaining the target large sector of the reference vector in the space vector diagram comprises the steps of obtaining the angle of the reference vector and determining the large sector where the reference vector is located, wherein in the space vector diagram, each large sector occupies 60 degrees, 0-60 degrees is an I sector, 60-120 degrees is an II sector, 120-180 degrees is a III sector, 180-240 degrees is an IV sector, 240-300 degrees is a V sector, and 300-360 degrees is a VI sector.
4. The intermittent space vector modulation method of the three-phase five-level inverter according to claim 3, wherein the obtaining of the target small sector of the reference vector in the space vector diagram comprises:
acquiring the components of the reference vector in the alpha and beta axesV α 、V β ；
According toV α 、V β Calculating small sector judgment parametersV α1 AndV β1 ；
and calculating a target small sector of the reference vector according to the small sector judgment parameter.
5. The three-phase five-level inverter of claim 4The discontinuous space vector modulation method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps ofV α 、V β Calculating small sector judgment parametersV α1 AndV β1 comprising:
reference vector in sector I:
V α1 =V α
V β1 =V β
reference vector in sector II:
Figure QLYQS_7
Figure QLYQS_8
reference vector in sector III:
Figure QLYQS_9
Figure QLYQS_10
reference vector in sector IV:
V α1 =－V α
V β1 =－V β
reference vector in sector V:
Figure QLYQS_11
Figure QLYQS_12
reference vector in sector VI:
Figure QLYQS_13
Figure QLYQS_14
。
6. the intermittent space vector modulation method of the three-phase five-level inverter according to claim 5, wherein the calculating the target small sector of the reference vector according to the small sector judgment parameter comprises:
when (when)
Figure QLYQS_15
Reference vectorV ref Fall in 1 sector;
when (when)
Figure QLYQS_16
And->
Figure QLYQS_17
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 2 sectors;
when (when)
Figure QLYQS_18
，
Figure QLYQS_19
And->
Figure QLYQS_20
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 3 sectors;
when (when)
Figure QLYQS_21
And->
Figure QLYQS_22
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 4 sectors;
when (when)
Figure QLYQS_23
And->
Figure QLYQS_24
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 5 sectors;
when (when)
Figure QLYQS_25
，
Figure QLYQS_26
And->
Figure QLYQS_27
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref falling in 6 sectors;
when (when)
Figure QLYQS_28
，
Figure QLYQS_29
And->
Figure QLYQS_30
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 7 sectors;
when (when)
Figure QLYQS_31
，
Figure QLYQS_32
And->
Figure QLYQS_33
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 8 sectors;
when (when)
Figure QLYQS_34
And->
Figure QLYQS_35
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref falling in 9 sectors;
when (when)
Figure QLYQS_36
And->
Figure QLYQS_37
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref fall in 10 sectors;
when (when)
Figure QLYQS_38
，
Figure QLYQS_39
And->
Figure QLYQS_40
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref falls within 11 sectors;
when (when)
Figure QLYQS_41
And->
Figure QLYQS_42
In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,V ref falls within 12 sectors.
7. The discontinuous space vector modulation method of the three-phase five-level inverter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the calculating the action time of the basic vector of the synthetic reference vector comprises:
calculating the action time of a basic vector of the synthesized reference vector according to the volt-second balance principle;
when the reference vector is located in the small sector 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, 11, the reference vector is synthesized by adopting the three nearest basic vectors;
when the reference vector is located in the small sectors 10 and 12, the reference vector is synthesized using the last four base vectors.
8. The intermittent space vector modulation method of the three-phase five-level inverter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the order selection principle comprises:
in one switching period, each switching tube in the three-phase five-level inverter acts at most once;
and through vector selection, the switching frequency level of the voltage division capacitor and the suspension capacitor in the three-phase five-level inverter is adjusted.
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