CN116154486A - High-power electromagnetic damage resistant planar array antenna unit - Google Patents
High-power electromagnetic damage resistant planar array antenna unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN116154486A CN116154486A CN202211552933.2A CN202211552933A CN116154486A CN 116154486 A CN116154486 A CN 116154486A CN 202211552933 A CN202211552933 A CN 202211552933A CN 116154486 A CN116154486 A CN 116154486A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/002—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices being reconfigurable or tunable, e.g. using switches or diodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention relates to a planar array antenna unit resistant to high-power electromagnetic damage, which comprises a square radiation patch, a dielectric substrate, a reflecting plate, a 50 omega feed coaxial and an energy selection surface device positioned above the patch. The energy selecting surface device consists of a dielectric plate, a metal square ring and a round patch on the upper layer of the dielectric plate and a PIN diode. The diode achieves an off and on state depending on the intensity of electromagnetic energy in the space. When the electromagnetic energy intensity in the space is weaker and is lower than the conduction threshold of the diode, the energy selection surface is equivalent to the frequency selection surface, and the antenna can work normally in the passband; when the electromagnetic energy intensity in the space is higher than the conduction threshold of the diode, the frequency selection characteristic of the upper structure is invalid, the energy selection surface plays a role in shielding electromagnetic waves, and a protective effect can be played on a circuit at the rear end of the antenna. The antenna has the characteristic of energy selection and is suitable for the field of strong electromagnetic protection of the radar.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a strong electromagnetic protection technology.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous development of high-power electromagnetic weapons and electromagnetic pulse weapons, electronic systems, communication systems, and the like have been severely threatened. The strong electromagnetic radiation has the characteristics of high radiation power, high peak field intensity, changeable combined waveform, wide killing range and the like, is easy to damage electronic elements, chips and the like, and even leads to paralysis of the whole system, so the protection of high-power microwaves and strong electromagnetic pulses is gradually paid attention to.
Electromagnetic pulses are typically coupled into an electronic system by way of a "front gate" coupling and a "back gate" coupling. The coupling of the front door means that electromagnetic waves are coupled through a signal receiving device of the radio frequency front end such as an antenna, a sensor and the like, and energy is transmitted into the system through the antenna and the sensor and then is transmitted to equipment elements in the system through a transmission line. "back door" coupling refers to the coupling of electromagnetic waves into an electronic information system through cables, connectors, apertures, etc. The development of electronic communication equipment has put high demands on performance index requirements such as electromagnetic protection frequency band, shielding effectiveness, response speed of starting protection, electromagnetic damage threshold of internal elements and the like. The high-power electromagnetic protection measures adopted at present are mainly developed from electromagnetic compatibility technology and mainly divided into shielding, filtering, limiting and other measures. The electromagnetic shielding belongs to the airspace protection technology, and mainly adopts a space isolation method to isolate sensitive electronic and electric equipment from a high-power electromagnetic environment so as to ensure that the sensitive electronic and electric equipment is not damaged, and an ideal electromagnetic shielding mode is a metal shielding mode, but the electromagnetic shielding mode effectively shields electromagnetic pulses and simultaneously leads the required signals of the equipment to be incapable of normally receiving and transmitting.
The antenna is used as a device connected with an internal signal processing system of the electronic equipment in the external space, and under the irradiation of strong electromagnetic pulse, the energy of the antenna port coupling entering the electronic system is strong. Aiming at strong electromagnetic threat, the space protection of the radio frequency front end requires that the antenna can effectively transmit and receive signals while resisting strong electromagnetic pulse attack, so that the antenna has the characteristic of low energy pass, namely, when the electromagnetic signal energy in the space is too strong, the antenna can automatically shield the electromagnetic signal, the circuit device at the rear end is protected from being damaged, and when the antenna is in a normal electromagnetic environment, the antenna keeps a normal working state.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a high-power electromagnetic damage resistant planar array antenna unit, which can realize the receiving and shielding of electromagnetic waves in a self-adaptive manner according to the energy intensity in space and can effectively protect electronic equipment.
The technical design scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a planar array antenna unit resistant to high-power electromagnetic damage comprises a patch antenna unit with coaxial feed and an upper energy selection surface device, wherein the antenna and the energy selection surface device can be connected into an integrated structure by adding a medium screw in the middle after forming an array;
further, the antenna unit comprises a square radiation patch, a dielectric substrate, a metal grounding plate and a 50Ω feed coaxial, and the transverse dimension of the unit is λ2×λ2;
further, the energy selecting surface device consists of 2×2 energy selecting units, each unit comprises a dielectric substrate, a metal square ring, a round patch and a PIN diode, the transverse dimension of each single energy selecting unit is λ4×λ4, the 4 energy selecting units are arranged in a 2×2 mode to ensure that the transverse dimension of each single energy selecting unit is consistent with that of the patch antenna, and the longitudinal section distance between the energy selecting surface device and the microstrip patch antenna at the lower layer is λ4;
further, the diode is bridged between the centers of four sides in the square ring and the circular patch, and the positive and negative directions in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are respectively kept consistent, and the diode is self-adaptively switched on and off according to the electromagnetic energy intensity in the space.
Further, the dielectric substrate of the square patch antenna is made of Arlon430 sheet material, the dielectric substrate of the energy selection device is made of Rogers5880 sheet material, and the PIN diode is made of BAP51-02 of Enzhpu company.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: when the electromagnetic energy in the space is lower than the safety threshold, the electromagnetic wave can pass through the energy selection surface device, the antenna keeps the normal receiving function, when the electromagnetic energy is higher than the safety threshold, the energy selection surface device above the antenna is excited, the electromagnetic wave can not enter the internal circuit through the energy selection surface, the effect of shielding the electromagnetic wave is achieved, and the damage of high-power pulse to the electronic device can be effectively avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a planar array antenna unit structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the energy selecting unit structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an 8X 8 array configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the transmission coefficients of the energy selective surface device of the present invention in both wave transparent and shielded states;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the reflection coefficient of an antenna of the present invention in both wave transparent and shielded states;
FIG. 6 is an E-plane radiation pattern of the 8X 8 array of FIG. 3 in both wave transparent and shielded states;
fig. 7 is an H-plane radiation pattern of the 8 x 8 array of fig. 3 in both wave transparent and shielded states.
1, square radiation patches; 2, a dielectric plate; 3, a metal grounding plate on the lower surface of the printed board; 4, 50Ω feed coaxial; 5, a metal layer; 5-1, a metal square ring; 5-2, a metal round patch; 6, a dielectric plate; 7, BAP51-02 type diode.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings and to preferred embodiments:
referring to fig. 1, a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a planar array antenna unit is shown, comprising a patch antenna and an energy selection device. The radiation patch of the patch antenna adopts a square structure, the dielectric substrate adopts Arlon AD 430, the dielectric constant is 4.3, the loss tangent is 0.003, the thickness is 2mm, the transverse dimension is lambada 2 x lambada 2, the lower surface of the dielectric plate is a metal grounding plate, the antenna is fed coaxially through 50Ω, an inner conductor of the coaxial connector penetrates through the dielectric substrate to be connected with the radiation square patch, an outer conductor shell is connected with the metal grounding plate, and a Teflon material with the dielectric constant of 2.1 is filled between the inner conductor and the outer conductor. An energy selective surface device is placed over the antenna, which is composed of 4 energy selective units in the form of 2 x 2, and the distance between the energy selective surface device and the longitudinal section of the antenna patch is lambda 4 for obtaining the best matching effect and radiation performance. Referring to fig. 2, a specific structure of one unit of the energy selection surface includes a dielectric substrate, a metal square ring and a circular patch printed on an upper layer of the dielectric substrate, and 4 diodes, wherein the dielectric substrate is made of Rogers5880 material, the dielectric constant is 2.2, the loss tangent is 0.0009, the thickness is 2mm, the transverse dimension is λ4×λ4, the outer diameter of the metal square ring is kept to be identical to the dimension of the dielectric plate λ4, the width of the square ring is 2.3mm, the inner diameter of the square ring is different from the radius of the circular patch by 1.2mm, the diodes are selected from BAP51-02 model of the encyclopedia company, the diodes are in the form of surface patches, and the positive and negative directions of the diodes in the horizontal and vertical directions are respectively kept consistent between the centers of four sides inside the metal square ring and the circular patch.
Referring to fig. 3, the cells of fig. 1 are formed into an 8×8 array in the form of a rectangular grid with a cell pitch of λ2, the array being of a two-layer structure, the lower being an antenna array of patch antennas, and the upper being an energy selection surface.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with simulation experiments.
1. Emulation conditions and content
The energy selection surface is similar to the frequency selection surface, can be regarded as a periodic structure, and the energy selection unit in the cut-off and the on states of the diode is simulated by adopting an infinite period boundary, and further the antenna unit and the array are simulated, and the simulation results are shown in fig. 4-6.
2. Simulation result analysis
Referring to fig. 4, the energy selecting unit shown in fig. 2 is an example of the transmission coefficients of the diode turn-off and turn-on states under the infinite period boundary condition. In the cut-off state, the diode is equivalent to a capacitor with a capacitance value of 0.2pF, at the moment, the energy selection surface forms a passband with-1 dB bandwidth of 600MHz at the 3GHz of the central frequency point, and electromagnetic waves can pass through the energy selection surface structure with low loss; in the on state, the diode is equivalent to a resistor with a resistance value of 2Ω, and the passband is no longer present, and the shielding effectiveness is greater than 14dB in the range of 2.7-3.3GHz, which indicates that the electromagnetic wave is effectively shielded.
Referring to fig. 5, the reflection coefficient of the array unit shown in fig. 1 in the off and on states of the diode is shown. As can be seen from the figure, when the diode is turned off, the antenna impedance is matched, so that normal operation can be maintained; when the diode is on, the antenna is mismatched and is almost in a total reflection state.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the E-plane and H-plane patterns of the 8×8 array shown in fig. 3 in the energy selection surface wave-transparent and shielding state at the center frequency point 3GHz are shown. As can be seen from the results in the graph, when the antenna normally radiates electromagnetic waves, the normal gain can reach 23dB, and the direction pattern is regular; when strong electromagnetic pulse exists, the diode is conducted, the normal gain of the main lobe of the antenna directional diagram is reduced by more than 20dB, and the antenna cannot keep normal operation, which indicates that the strong electromagnetic pulse is effectively shielded.
Claims (6)
1. A high-power electromagnetic damage resistant planar array antenna unit is characterized in that: the unit comprises a patch antenna unit with coaxial feed and an upper energy selection surface device, and the antenna and the energy selection surface device can be connected into an integral structure by adding a medium screw in the middle after forming an array.
2. A high power electromagnetic damage resistant planar array antenna unit as recited in claim 1, wherein: the antenna unit comprises a square radiation patch, a dielectric substrate, a metal grounding plate and a 50Ω feeding coaxial, and the transverse dimension of the unit is lambda/2 x lambda/2.
3. A high power electromagnetic damage resistant planar array antenna unit as recited in claim 1, wherein: the energy selecting surface device consists of 2X 2 energy selecting units, each unit comprises a dielectric substrate, a metal square ring, a round patch and a PIN diode, the transverse size of each single energy selecting unit is lambda/4X lambda/4, and the 4 energy selecting units are arranged in a mode of 2X 2 to ensure that the transverse size of each single energy selecting unit is consistent with that of the patch antenna.
4. A high power electromagnetic damage resistant planar array antenna unit as recited in claim 3, wherein: the distance between the energy selection surface structure and the longitudinal section of the microstrip patch antenna at the lower layer is lambda/4.
5. A high power electromagnetic damage resistant planar array antenna unit as recited in claim 3, wherein: the diode is bridged between the centers of four sides in the square ring and the circular patch, and the positive and negative directions in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are respectively consistent, and the diode is self-adaptively switched on and off according to the electromagnetic energy intensity in the space.
6. A high power electromagnetic damage resistant planar array antenna unit as recited in claim 1, wherein: the dielectric substrate of the square patch antenna is made of Arlon430 sheet material, the dielectric substrate of the energy selection surface device is made of Rogers5880 sheet material, and the PIN diode is made of BAP51-02 type of Enzhi pump company.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211552933.2A CN116154486A (en) | 2022-12-06 | 2022-12-06 | High-power electromagnetic damage resistant planar array antenna unit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211552933.2A CN116154486A (en) | 2022-12-06 | 2022-12-06 | High-power electromagnetic damage resistant planar array antenna unit |
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| CN116154486A true CN116154486A (en) | 2023-05-23 |
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| CN202211552933.2A Pending CN116154486A (en) | 2022-12-06 | 2022-12-06 | High-power electromagnetic damage resistant planar array antenna unit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116826347A (en) * | 2023-07-26 | 2023-09-29 | 北京星英联微波科技有限责任公司 | Full-bandwidth tunable waveguide magic T with electromagnetic damage resistance |
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2022
- 2022-12-06 CN CN202211552933.2A patent/CN116154486A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116826347A (en) * | 2023-07-26 | 2023-09-29 | 北京星英联微波科技有限责任公司 | Full-bandwidth tunable waveguide magic T with electromagnetic damage resistance |
| CN116826347B (en) * | 2023-07-26 | 2023-12-26 | 北京星英联微波科技有限责任公司 | Full-bandwidth tunable waveguide magic T with electromagnetic damage resistance |
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