CN116154464A - High-resistance Wen Gong caliber wide beam antenna - Google Patents
High-resistance Wen Gong caliber wide beam antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN116154464A CN116154464A CN202310245426.2A CN202310245426A CN116154464A CN 116154464 A CN116154464 A CN 116154464A CN 202310245426 A CN202310245426 A CN 202310245426A CN 116154464 A CN116154464 A CN 116154464A
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/25—Ultra-wideband [UWB] systems, e.g. multiple resonance systems; Pulse systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-Wen Gong caliber wide-beam antenna, which comprises a common caliber end-fire antenna and a heat-proof skylight, wherein the common caliber end-fire antenna comprises an ultra-wideband wave band first antenna and a K wave band second antenna which are integrated on the same double-layer ceramic copper-clad plate and cover an S-C-X frequency band, the first antenna and the second antenna work under the same caliber, the double-layer ceramic copper-clad plate comprises an upper substrate and a lower substrate, the upper surface of the upper substrate and the lower surface of the lower substrate are both covered with copper metal surfaces, and the first antenna and the second antenna are both provided with a connected radiation structure and a feed structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a high-resistance Wen Gong caliber wide beam antenna.
Background
For high-speed aircrafts, a large amount of heat is generated due to friction with air flow during long-time high-speed flying, the surface of the aircraft is affected by pneumatic heating, extremely high temperature exists, and the normal operation of an antenna close to surface mounting is greatly limited by a severe working environment. At present, aiming at aircraft antennas with increasingly rich and complex application function scenes, the size limitation of the window opening structure of the antenna is increasingly high, and meanwhile, the high-temperature resistant antenna also needs to consider that the radiation surface of the heat-resistant cover plate is directly conformal with the surface of the aircraft, so that the development trend of the high-temperature resistant antenna which is miniaturized and conformal with a high-speed aircraft is developed. On the other hand, in the design of a remote measurement and external measurement and security control integrated rocket space-based measurement and control system, in order to realize measurement and control communication of a multifunctional aircraft covering multiple frequency bands, a plurality of antenna windows are required to be opened on a cabin body in the traditional aircraft antenna feed layout, which has certain difficulty on the cabin body structure and the antenna layout of the aircraft, and in the prior art, the patent document with publication number CN115276838A discloses a remote and external measurement and control integrated comprehensive measurement and control station for multiple tasks, and remote and external installation antennas working in different frequency bands can be placed in the same antenna window. However, how to improve isolation between multiple channels and realize wide beam performance under the condition of limited size of antenna radiation window is a urgent need to be broken difficult problem due to the limitation of the installation structure of the miniaturized multiband common-caliber high-temperature resistant antenna.
Conventional metal antennas such as yagi antennas, log periodic antennas, and other end-fire antennas are difficult to meet due to the limited installation space and high temperature operating environments. Because the size is difficult to be accommodated in a very narrow space, the weight is not easy to meet the requirement, and meanwhile, the metal material has good heat conduction performance and is difficult to realize good heat insulation performance. On the other hand, the low-profile planar antenna can be placed at the bottom of the heat insulation part, and is not affected by high temperature, but the electrical performance of the antenna is greatly destroyed due to the complex installation environment and the limited size of the antenna window, and the antenna pattern shaping design is difficult to carry out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the requirements of miniaturization, conformal, high temperature resistance, multi-frequency band and the like of a high-speed aircraft antenna, the invention provides a common-caliber Gao Wenkuan beam antenna which can cover an ultra-wideband band antenna and a K-band antenna of an S-C-X frequency band under a limited radiation window and has good channel isolation performance.
The invention discloses a high-Wen Gong caliber wide-beam antenna, which comprises a common caliber end-fire antenna and a heat-proof skylight, wherein the common caliber end-fire antenna comprises an ultra-wideband wave band first antenna and a K wave band second antenna which are integrated on the same double-layer ceramic copper-clad plate and cover an S-C-X frequency band, the first antenna and the second antenna work under the same caliber, the double-layer ceramic copper-clad plate comprises an upper substrate and a lower substrate, the upper surface of the upper substrate and the lower surface of the lower substrate are both covered with copper metal surfaces, the first antenna and the second antenna are both provided with a radiation structure and a feed structure which are connected, the radiation structure is arranged on the metal surfaces of the upper substrate and the lower substrate, the heat-proof skylight comprises a heat-proof layer, and the radiation structure is embedded into the heat-proof skylight and is positioned in the center of the heat-proof skylight.
Preferably, the heat-proof skylight further comprises a heat-proof cover plate, wherein the heat-proof cover plate, the heat-proof layer and the metal base plate are arranged in a lamination manner according to a central line and are fixedly connected, the heat-proof layer is provided with a groove structure for embedding a common-caliber end-shooting antenna, the lower part of the common-caliber end-shooting antenna is arranged on the metal base plate, and the lower end part of the common-caliber end-shooting antenna extends out of the lower part of the metal base plate.
Preferably, a first radio frequency connector and a second radio frequency connector are arranged at a double-layer ceramic copper-clad plate positioned below the metal bottom plate on the common-caliber end-fire antenna, and the double-layer ceramic copper-clad plate is fixedly connected to the metal bottom plate through an antenna fixing connector.
Preferably, the radiation structure of the first antenna is a metal surface formed by two exponentially-graded curves printed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the double-layer ceramic copper-clad plate and the edge of the double-layer ceramic copper-clad plate in a linear closing manner, a horn-shaped opening is formed between the two exponentially-graded curves, and the positions of the radiation structure of the first antenna printed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the double-layer ceramic copper-clad plate are the same.
Preferably, the radiation structure of the second antenna is a right trapezoid metal surface printed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the double-layer ceramic copper-clad plate, and the positions of the radiation structure of the second antenna printed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the double-layer ceramic copper-clad plate are mutually symmetrical.
Preferably, the feed structure of the first antenna includes a first radio frequency connector, a strip line and a double-sided slot line, the first radio frequency connector and the strip line form a coaxial-strip line converter, the strip line and the double-sided slot line form a strip line-double-sided slot line converter, the feed structure of the second antenna includes a second radio frequency connector and a substrate integrated waveguide which are connected, and the second radio frequency connector and the substrate integrated waveguide form a coaxial-substrate integrated waveguide converter.
Preferably, the strip line is located between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, is in an inverted L shape, the two sides of the strip line are loaded with uniformly distributed metallized through holes, the strip line terminal is loaded with a fan-shaped structure through a transition section, the transition section is in a gradual step shape, and the other end of the strip line structure is connected with the first radio frequency connector.
Preferably, the double-sided slot line is arranged on the upper surface of the upper substrate and the lower surface of the lower substrate, the front end of the double-sided slot line is connected with the radiation structure of the first antenna, and the tail end of the double-sided slot line is loaded with the fan-shaped slot.
Preferably, the coaxial-substrate integrated waveguide converter has an open end connected to the radiating structure of the second antenna to form an end-fire antenna.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, different antenna forms are integrated on the same ceramic substrate with high dielectric constant, so that the size of the antenna is reduced, and through reasonable layout and feed design, two antennas with large spans of different frequency bands are ensured to independently work in a narrow space and are not interfered with each other, and the space utilization rate is improved. The whole design of the antenna adopts the alumina ceramic copper-clad substrate with high temperature resistance and low thermal conductivity, so that the antenna can resist the high temperature conducted from the heat-resistant layer, and the problems of electric performance and thermal performance can be effectively solved. And the common-caliber antenna structure is integrated into the radome, and a new antenna form is integrally formed, so that the common-caliber antenna structure and the antenna form an integrated body, not only are beams widened, but also the antenna can normally work for a long time under a high-temperature condition while the heat resistance is ensured, and all functions of heat prevention of the original radome, signal transmission of the antenna and forming bearing of the outer surface of the aircraft are generally realized. In addition, the high-temperature radome can meet the aerodynamic performance requirements of the high-speed aircraft by adopting a structural design conformal to the high-speed aircraft.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a ceramic copper clad substrate;
FIG. 3 is a rear view of a ceramic copper clad substrate;
FIG. 4 is an intermediate layer diagram of a ceramic copper clad substrate;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a ceramic copper clad substrate;
FIG. 6 is a front side dimension view of a ceramic copper clad substrate;
FIG. 7 is a dimensional view of an intermediate layer of a ceramic copper clad substrate;
FIG. 8 is a side dimension view of a ceramic copper clad substrate;
FIG. 9 is a dimensional view of the forward structure of the coaxial probe, i.e., the RF connector;
FIG. 10 is a diagram of a first antenna standing wave ratio;
FIG. 11 is a second antenna standing wave ratio diagram;
FIG. 12 is a graph of isolation of the antenna at low frequency portions;
FIG. 13 is a graph of the isolation of the antenna at high frequency;
FIG. 14 is a simulated temperature distribution diagram of a sample heating 500s according to the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a simulated temperature distribution diagram of a sample heating 1000s according to the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a simulated temperature distribution diagram of a sample heating 1500s according to the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a simulated temperature distribution diagram of a sample heating 2000s according to the present invention;
fig. 18 is a graph of the top temperature rise of the ceramic substrate and a graph of the temperature rise at the coaxial feed.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the invention, the multi-band high temperature resistant common-caliber antenna mainly comprises the common-caliber antenna and a heat-proof skylight structure, and the antenna is arranged in the heat-proof skylight. The antenna has two frequency bands, and the span of different frequency bands is great, and needs to guarantee that two antenna units work under same bore, still guarantee the heat resistance of antenna in addition. The design of the common-caliber antenna based on two broadband antenna units is researched by considering the requirements of high temperature resistance, multiple frequency bands and broadband of the antenna. The antennas with different frequency bands are integrated on the same dielectric plate, and different antenna units share one radiation caliber through reasonable layout and design of a feed structure. The first antenna and the second antenna are integrated on the same high-temperature-resistant ceramic copper-clad plate for design, so that the overall volume of the antenna is reduced while the thermal performance of the antenna is met, and the two radiating antenna units of the whole antenna structure are ensured to work simultaneously and are not affected mutually.
The high temperature resistant common-caliber antenna shown in fig. 1 comprises a common-caliber antenna, wherein the common-caliber antenna comprises a first antenna 1 and a second antenna 2, namely a radiation structure of the common-caliber antenna, which are integrated on the same ceramic copper-clad plate 3 and cover an S-C-X frequency band. The dielectric plates used by the high-temperature-resistant common-caliber antenna are two high-temperature-resistant aluminum oxide ceramic copper-clad plates 3 with the thickness of 0.8mm and the relative dielectric constant of 9.4, the second antenna 2 is positioned on the right side of the first antenna 1, and the first antenna 1 of the ultra-wideband frequency band and the second antenna 2 of the K wave band work under the same caliber; the size of the radiation structure part of the common aperture antenna is as follows: the ceramic copper clad laminate 3 is 50mm by 53.5mm and is double-layered, and comprises an upper substrate 301 and a lower substrate 302.
In the invention, antennas (two broadband antenna units) of two frequency bands are integrated on the same substrate in a narrow space below a small-area heat-resistant layer window, work in the same caliber and are mutually independent. Meanwhile, the two antennas can work normally for a long time under the high temperature condition. The two frequency bands designed by the invention have large spans, the first antenna 1 is designed to cover the S-C-X frequency band, the second antenna 2 is designed to cover the K frequency band, and the second antenna 2 is arranged at a position which does not influence the radiation performance of the first antenna 1. Therefore, in a narrow installation environment, the multi-band thermal antenna can work together under the same caliber without interference, and the satisfactory pattern is well matched with the excitation device.
In addition, as shown in fig. 8, the ceramic copper clad laminate 3 has a double-layer width w1=1.6mm; the single-layer width W2 of the ceramic copper-clad plate 3 is=0.8 mm; as shown in fig. 6, the ceramic copper clad laminate 3 has a fixed through hole radius r1=1 mm.
The first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 are both provided with a radiation structure and a feed structure, the radiation structure of the common-caliber antenna is located on the upper metal surface of the upper substrate 301 and the lower metal surface of the lower substrate 302, the feed structure and the radiation structure are made of the same dielectric plate, and part of the feed structure of the first antenna is located in the middle of the upper substrate 301 and the lower substrate 302, and in addition, the thickness of the metal layer of the ceramic copper-clad plate 3 in the embodiment is 0.018mm.
The antenna system also has a heat shield, i.e. a high temperature radome, which contains a heat insulating layer, the upper part of the common aperture antenna, in particular the radiating structure part of the antenna, being embedded in the heat insulating layer and being located in the central position of the heat shield.
The antenna system comprises a metal base plate 5 which is a square metal flange, the lower part of the common-caliber antenna is arranged on the metal base plate 5, the bottommost end part of the common-caliber antenna extends out of the lower part of the metal base plate 5, and the radius R3 = 1.3mm of a flange fixing through hole.
As shown in fig. 1, the heat-proof skylight further comprises a heat-proof cover plate 401, wherein the heat-proof cover plate 401, the heat-insulating layer 402 and the metal base plate 5 are arranged in a lamination mode according to a central line and are fixedly connected, and the heat-insulating layer 402 is provided with a groove structure for embedding the common-caliber antenna. The thermal insulation layer 402 has a relative dielectric constant of 1.4, and the thermal protection cover 401 has a relative dielectric constant of 3.4.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, two radio frequency connectors 6 are installed at the position of the ceramic copper-clad plate 3 below the metal bottom plate 5, and the ceramic copper-clad plate 3 is fixedly connected to the metal bottom plate 5 through an antenna fixed connector 7.
As shown in fig. 3, the radiation structure of the first antenna 1 is formed by closing two index gradual change curves and the edge of the ceramic copper-clad plate 3 along a straight line, wherein a horn-shaped opening is formed between the two index gradual change curves, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the ceramic copper-clad plate 3 are printed with the same radiation structure. The exponential curves UL1 and UL2 of the first antenna 1 are: y= ±0.158exp (0.16 x) ±0.092.
The radiating structure of the second antenna 2 is a right-angle trapezoid metal plane, as shown in fig. 3, and the upper surface radiating metal plane and the lower surface radiating metal plane are symmetrical to each other.
The edges of the metal layer part serving as the radiation structure in the first antenna and the metal layer part serving as the radiation structure in the second antenna are printed together on the upper surface and the lower surface of the ceramic copper-clad plate 3, and the size of the antenna is reduced through integrated design.
As shown in fig. 6, the total length of the antenna element is l1=53.5 mm; total width l2=50mm of the antenna element; the length l3=10mm of the second antenna; the width l4=4.3 mm of the second antenna 2; the narrow side width L5=1.7 mm of the right trapezoid metal plane of the radiation structure of the second antenna 2; the bottom side width L6=5.6 mm of the right trapezoid metal plane of the radiating structure of the second antenna 2; the first antenna 1 radiating structure opening distance l7=29.95 mm; slot line width l8=0.5 mm; the first antenna 1 radiates a structural length l9=29.95 mm.
The feed structure of the first antenna 1 comprises a radio frequency connector, a strip line and a fan-shaped structure 9 which are connected in sequence, and also comprises a double-sided slot line structure which can be electromagnetically coupled with the strip line, wherein the double-sided slot line structure is connected with a fan-shaped slot, the radio frequency connector and the strip line form a coaxial-strip line converter 101, and the strip line and the double-sided slot line structure form a strip line-double-sided slot line converter 102.
The feed structure of the second antenna comprises a radio frequency connector and a substrate integrated waveguide 202, which together constitute a coaxial-substrate integrated waveguide converter 201.
The lower ends of the coaxial-stripline converter 101 and the stripline-double-sided slot line converter 102 are radio frequency connectors 6 of the respective antennas.
The function of the stripline-to-double sided slotline converter 102 is to convert the unbalanced transmission mode of the stripline to the balanced transmission mode of the double sided slotline. The first antennas with the radiation structures on the upper and lower sides share the radio frequency connector, the strip line and the fan-shaped structure 9, the strip line structure of the strip line-double-sided slot line converter 102 is positioned between the upper substrate 301 and the lower substrate 302 and is in an inverted L shape, the evenly distributed metallized through holes 8 are loaded on the ceramic copper clad laminate at the two sides, so that parallel slab waveguide modes introduced between the upper and lower metal surfaces of the high dielectric constant substrate are restrained, the strips are loaded below the metallized through holes, energy leakage is avoided, the consistency of the upper and lower substrates in connection is ensured, as shown in fig. 4, the strip line terminal loads the fan-shaped structure 9, and the transition sections of the strip line and the fan-shaped structure 9 are in a gradual step shape, so that the matching bandwidth is improved.
As shown in fig. 7, the strip line 103 length l18=14.3mm, l19=7.54 mm; radius r4=3.1 mm of the end fan-shaped structure 9 of the strip line 103; the radius angle θ2=130° of the end fan-shaped structure 9 of the strip line 103.
As shown in fig. 2-4 and fig. 6, the double-sided slot line structure of the stripline-double-sided slot line converter 102 is formed on the upper surface of the upper substrate 301 and the lower surface of the lower substrate 302, the front ends of the double-sided slot line structure are connected with the radiation section of the first antenna, the fan-shaped slot is loaded at the tail ends to improve the matching bandwidth, no transition exists between the connection of the slot line and the fan-shaped slot, and the radiation section is the radiation structure of the first antenna. Further, the sector groove radius r2=5.09 mm, and the sector radius angle θ1=110°.
As shown in fig. 6, the left side metallization via 8 of the strip line 103 has a length l10=18.43 mm; the length l11=16.15 mm of the metallized via 8 on the right side of the strip line 103; the top metallization via 8 length l12=7.6 mm of the strip line 103; the bottom metallization via 8 of the strip line 103 has a length l13=3.88 mm.
The second antennas with radiating structures on the upper and lower sides share the radio frequency connector and the coaxial-substrate integrated waveguide converter 201 formed by the substrate integrated waveguide 202 as a feed structure, the coaxial-substrate integrated waveguide converter 201 has an open end, wherein the open end is connected with the radiating structures of the second antennas to form an end-fire antenna based on SIW, and the other end is connected with a radio frequency connector 6. As shown in fig. 6, the coaxial-substrate integrated waveguide converter 201 includes a substrate integrated waveguide 202 and a coaxial probe connected, wherein the substrate integrated waveguide 202 of the upper substrate is formed by a metallized via 8 penetrating through an upper substrate 301 and an upper metal surface thereof, and symmetrical to the upper substrate, the metallized via 8 penetrating through a lower substrate 302 and a lower metal surface thereof forms the substrate integrated waveguide 202 of the lower substrate, strips are loaded below the metallized via, and the length l14=44.55 mm of the substrate integrated waveguide 202; substrate integrated waveguide 202 width l15=3.7mm; as shown in fig. 8, the length l16=2.4 mm of the coaxial outer conductor; as shown in fig. 9, the coaxial inner conductor diameter d1=0.64 mm; coaxial outer conductor inner diameter d2=2.1 mm; the coaxial outer conductor outer diameter d3=4 mm.
As shown in fig. 14-17, to verify the heat resistance of this prototype antenna, thermal simulation tests were performed using the commercial software cstshop Suite. Wherein, after the external heating is carried out at 1200 ℃ for 1000 seconds, the temperature distribution is shown in fig. 15. The temperature rise curve of the typical part is shown in fig. 18, which shows the temperature rise curve of the top of the ceramic substrate and the coaxial feeding position, and it can be seen that the sample machine can work normally at high temperature, and the heat transfer is slowed down, so that the temperature of the feeding end is not more than 150 ℃.
Therefore, the invention can block the external high temperature from being conducted to the antenna feed end in the narrow space below the allowed small-area heat-proof layer, and ensure that the antenna normally works in a high-temperature environment for a long time. The two broadband antenna units are integrated in the same caliber, and the shaping design of the radiation pattern is completed. By adopting the ceramic copper-clad plate, the heat bearing capacity of the antenna is improved, the antenna is partially embedded into the heat insulation layer, so that heat conduction is weakened when the antenna is in integrated design with the heat-proof skylight, the horn effect is brought by cracking the heat-proof layer, and the wide beam pattern is realized.
The invention can make the temperature of the feed port lower than 150 degrees under the condition that the surface temperature is kept at 1200 degrees for 1000 s. And by adopting the planar integrated coaxial line, the space is effectively utilized, and the influence of the surrounding environment on the matching performance is reduced.
As can be seen from FIGS. 10 and 11, the standing wave ratio of the ultra wideband band antenna covering the S-C-X band is less than 2 and the frequency range is 2-10GHz, the standing wave ratio of the K band antenna is less than 2 in the range of 23-27GHz, and the first antenna and the second antenna both have broadband characteristics, thereby being beneficial to accurate guidance of the high-speed aircraft and improving concealment and anti-interference capability. In addition, fig. 12 and 13 show the isolation between the ultra wideband antenna and the K-band antenna covering the S-C-X band, the isolation is lower than 60dB at low frequency and 20dB at high frequency, and the result shows that the reasonable layout of the high-low frequency antenna enables good isolation between the two antennas, and the multi-band thermal antenna can work together under the same caliber without interference.
Because the design of the invention is integrated with electricity and heat, the antenna form has the advantages of being easy to realize miniaturization of an antenna system, operating in multiple frequency bands, conforming to the surface of an aircraft, and enabling the phase center to be close to a radiation port so as to reduce the influence of ablation. In order to enable the antenna to resist the high temperature conducted from the heat-resistant layer, the whole design of the antenna adopts a high-temperature-resistant aluminum oxide ceramic copper-clad plate, so that the problem of electric performance and thermal performance can be effectively solved, the whole size of the antenna can be reduced to a certain extent due to the high dielectric constant of the substrate, the space utilization rate is improved, and the antenna is easier to use in a narrow space.
Aiming at the demands of high-speed aircraft antennas on miniaturization, conformal, high temperature resistance, multi-frequency band and the like, the invention can cover the common-caliber Gao Wenkuan-beam antenna design development research of the ultra-wideband band antenna and the K-band antenna of the S-C-X frequency band. The Vivaldi antennas and the gradual change groove end-fire antennas of two different wave bands are integrated in the same high dielectric constant ceramic copper-clad plate, so that the size of the antenna is reduced, the height of the end-fire antenna is effectively reduced, the heat insulation thickness of a heat insulation layer is greatly reserved, and the heat insulation performance is improved. The beam width is adjusted by controlling the distance between the top end of the antenna and the heat-proof cover plate, so that the wide beam performance is obtained, the design of reasonable layout and feed structure is further realized, the antenna units with different wave bands are positioned at the center of the heat-proof skylight, and the antenna units share one radiation caliber. Therefore, the size of the whole high-temperature-resistant antenna system can be reduced while the heat-proof and heat-insulating performances of the antenna are met, the two wave band antenna units are ensured to work simultaneously and are not mutually influenced, the requirement of multiple frequency bands is met, and the number of high-speed aircraft antennas is reduced.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a high Wen Gong bore wide wave beam antenna, a serial communication port, including common bore end penetrating antenna and heat protection skylight, common bore end penetrating antenna is including integrating the ultra wide band wave band first antenna and the K wave band second antenna of covering S-C-X frequency channel on same bilayer ceramic copper clad laminate, first antenna and second antenna work under same bore, wherein, bilayer ceramic copper clad laminate includes upper substrate and lower floor ' S base plate, upper surface and the lower surface of lower floor ' S base plate all cover copper metal surface, first antenna and second antenna all have radiation structure and the feed structure that are connected, radiation structure all arranges the metal face of upper substrate and lower floor ' S base plate in, the heat protection skylight includes the insulating layer, radiation structure embedding insulating layer, and be located heat protection skylight central point.
2. The high-resistance Wen Gong caliber wide beam antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a metal base plate, wherein the heat-proof skylight further comprises a heat-proof cover plate, the heat-proof layer and the metal base plate are arranged in a lamination manner according to a central line and fixedly connected, the heat-proof layer is provided with a groove structure for embedding a common caliber end-shooting antenna, the lower part of the common caliber end-shooting antenna is arranged on the metal base plate, and the lower end part of the common caliber end-shooting antenna extends out of the lower part of the metal base plate.
3. The high-resistance Wen Gong caliber wide beam antenna as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first radio frequency connector and the second radio frequency connector are mounted on the common caliber end-fire antenna at a double-layer ceramic copper-clad plate positioned below the metal base plate, and the double-layer ceramic copper-clad plate is fixedly connected to the metal base plate through an antenna fixing connector.
4. The high-resistance Wen Gong caliber wide beam antenna according to claim 1, wherein the radiation structure of the first antenna is a metal surface formed by two exponentially-graded curves printed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the double-layer ceramic copper-clad plate and the edge of the double-layer ceramic copper-clad plate in a straight line closing mode, horn-shaped openings are formed between the two exponentially-graded curves, and the positions of the radiation structures of the first antenna printed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the double-layer ceramic copper-clad plate are the same.
5. The high-resistance Wen Gong caliber wide beam antenna according to claim 1, wherein the radiating structure of the second antenna is a right trapezoid metal surface printed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the double-layer ceramic copper-clad plate, and the radiating structure positions of the second antenna printed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the double-layer ceramic copper-clad plate are mutually symmetrical.
6. The high-impedance Wen Gong-caliber wide-beam antenna of claim 1, wherein the feed structure of the first antenna comprises a first radio frequency connector, a strip line and a double-sided slot line, the first radio frequency connector and the strip line form a coaxial-strip line converter, the strip line and the double-sided slot line form a strip line-double-sided slot line converter, and the feed structure of the second antenna comprises a second radio frequency connector and a substrate integrated waveguide connected, the second radio frequency connector and the substrate integrated waveguide form a coaxial-substrate integrated waveguide converter.
7. The high-resistance Wen Gong caliber wide beam antenna of claim 6, wherein the strip line is located between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, is in an inverted L shape, is loaded with uniformly distributed metallized through holes on two sides, is loaded with a fan-shaped structure through a transition section, is in a gradual stepped shape, and is connected with the first radio frequency connector at the other end.
8. The high-resistance Wen Gong caliber wide beam antenna as claimed in claim 6, wherein the double-sided slot line is provided on an upper surface of the upper substrate and a lower surface of the lower substrate, a front end of the double-sided slot line is connected with a radiation structure of the first antenna, and a fan-shaped slot is loaded at a tail end of the double-sided slot line.
9. The high-resistance Wen Gong-caliber wide-beam antenna of claim 6, wherein the coaxial-substrate integrated waveguide converter has an open-ended end connected to the radiating structure of the second antenna to form an end-fire antenna.
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