CN116151038B - Analysis method of circular polarization MIMO microstrip antenna array self-decoupling technology - Google Patents
Analysis method of circular polarization MIMO microstrip antenna array self-decoupling technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an analysis method of a circular polarization MIMO microstrip antenna array self-decoupling technology, which comprises the following steps: establishing a circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array to obtain modal significance and characteristic angle curves; observing the mode current and the mode electric field of four basic characteristic modes; selecting a pair of basic characteristic modes with characteristic angles different by 90 degrees and similar modal significance values as orthogonal modes; calculating a zero field region of the coupling patch unit; calculating a weak value area of the excitation patch unit; placing a feed port; and simulating the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array to obtain the excellent decoupling level of-52 dB. The invention fully adopts the characteristic mode theory as guidance in the design of the whole MIMO antenna feed point, fully exerts the advantages of the theory for multi-mode same-frequency excitation, multi-mode synthesis and the like, and has better guidance function on the design of the type of antenna; the analysis and the determination of the feed position also reduce the volume of the optimization work on the software simulation of the antenna, and have the advantages of intuitiveness and simplicity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of MIMO microstrip antennas, in particular to an analysis method of a circular polarization MIMO microstrip antenna array self-decoupling technology.
Background
The MIMO technology plays a central role in the fifth generation 5G mobile communication with its high channel capacity and fast transmission speed. However, it is worth noting that the performance of the overall system employing the MIMO array tends to be degraded due to the coupling effect of the plane and space waves between the cells. In order to alleviate this problem, extensive research has been conducted on mutual coupling between antenna elements.
With the wide application of the decoupling technology, many students have made researches, and more classical ways are such as using electromagnetic bandgap structures, defected ground structures, decoupling network methods, neutral line decoupling, metamaterial structure decoupling, etc. a decoupling device needs to be additionally arranged on the antenna or special processing needs to be performed on the antenna, accordingly, the cost is high, the processing difficulty is high, and the structure is complex. The self-decoupling is a technology that does not need to additionally increase a decoupling network, realizes a decoupling effect only by means of the characteristics of an antenna without damaging the self-radiation performance, and is widely paid attention to in recent years. However, many analyses have no clear guidance on the feeding position, the optimal feeding position is determined based on a large amount of structural optimization, and the characteristic mode theory exists only in mode analysis or is more abstract in use and not specific.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects that the influence of the decoupling structure on the antenna performance is additionally increased and the feeding position needs to be determined through a large amount of optimization in the self-decoupling technology, the invention aims to provide the analysis method for the circular polarization MIMO microstrip antenna array self-decoupling technology, which is used for analyzing the feeding position with good decoupling performance under the condition that feeding is not additionally arranged, simplifies the simulation optimization flow, has clear theoretical basis and is beneficial to guiding the design of the self-decoupling antennas of the same type.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an analysis method of a circular polarization MIMO microstrip antenna array self-decoupling technology, which comprises the following sequential steps:
(1) Establishing a circular polarization MIMO microstrip antenna array comprising a coupling patch unit and an excitation patch unit, and analyzing the circular polarization MIMO microstrip antenna array based on a characteristic mode theory to obtain a mode significance and characteristic angle curve;
(2) According to the mode significance and the resonance characteristic reflected by the characteristic angle curve, four basic characteristic modes of the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array are determined, and the mode currents and the mode electric fields of the four basic characteristic modes are observed;
(3) Among the four basic feature modes, a pair of basic feature modes with feature angles different by 90 degrees and similar modal significance values are selected from 5.5GHz frequency points to serve as orthogonal modes;
(4) Based on the decoupling requirement, calculating the mode electric field sum zero field of the orthogonal mode on the coupling patch unit of the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array;
(5) Based on the requirement of simultaneous excitation of orthogonal modes, calculating a weak value area of a mode current difference of the orthogonal modes on an excitation patch unit of the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array;
(6) Placing a feed port in a geometric public area between a zero field area of the coupling patch unit and a weak value area of the excitation patch unit as a feed position selection area;
(7) After the position of the feed port is determined, the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array is simulated, and the excellent decoupling level of-52 dB is obtained.
The step (1) specifically refers to: the method comprises the steps of establishing a circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array, wherein the array consists of two identical rectangular microstrip antennas which are respectively used as an excitation patch unit and a coupling patch unit, the length of each rectangular microstrip antenna is 14.93mm, the width of each rectangular microstrip antenna is 16.3mm, the distance of each rectangular microstrip antenna is 6.71mm, and the two rectangular microstrip antennas are printed on a single-layer dielectric substrate with the thickness of 1.50mm and the dielectric constant of 2.65 side by side;
the derivation of the weighted feature equation based on the moment method and the electric field integral equation is as follows:
wherein R, X represents the real and imaginary parts of the impedance matrix as determined by the electric field and surface current relationship, J n Representing characteristic current, lambda n Is the corresponding eigenvalue, and the modal significance is defined as:
thus, the modal significance MS and the eigenvalue λ n In relation to, when lambda n <At 0, referred to as capacitive mode; when lambda is n >At 0, referred to as inductive mode; when lambda is n When=0, it is called resonant mode;
when the mode significance MS value is equal to 1, the mode radiation is the most complete, the CST Studio Suite software is used for carrying out characteristic mode analysis without excitation on the antenna array, and the mode significance curve and the characteristic angle curve are obtained through simulation.
The step (2) specifically refers to: after feature mode analysis, according to the definition of modal significance, the amplitude is closer to 1, the potential of the mode to be excited is greater, four modes are expressed as significance high levels in the 5.2-5.8 GHz frequency band, and are respectively named as a first basic feature mode, a second basic feature mode, a third basic feature mode and a fourth basic feature mode.
The step (3) specifically refers to: the characteristic angle is defined as follows:
wherein lambda is n Is a characteristic value, at beta<When the angle is 180 degrees, the characteristic mode corresponding to the characteristic value can store magnetic energy; at beta>When the angle is 180 degrees, the characteristic mode corresponding to the characteristic value can store electric energy; when beta=180°, the characteristic mode corresponding to the characteristic value is in a resonance state;
in order to realize circularly polarized radiation of the antenna, a mode with a phase difference of 90 degrees and the same amplitude is needed to be used as an orthogonal mode to synthesize a radiation field, and the mode significance of the first basic characteristic mode and the mode significance of the fourth basic characteristic mode are the same at the position of approximately 5.5GHz, which means that the first basic characteristic mode and the fourth basic characteristic mode can generate radiation effects with similar amplitude under proper excitation at the frequency point; meanwhile, the characteristic angle of the first basic characteristic mode and the characteristic angle of the fourth basic characteristic mode at the frequency point are different by 90 degrees, which indicates that the two modes are mutually orthogonal, so that the first basic characteristic mode and the fourth basic characteristic mode are selected to be orthogonal modes.
The step (4) specifically refers to: after the orthogonal mode is selected, the field calculator in CST Studio Suite software is used for carrying out addition processing on the electric fields of the orthogonal mode, a synthesized zero field region is generated on the excitation patch unit and the coupling patch unit, so that the coupling effect is reduced to the greatest extent, when the feed port is arranged on the excitation patch unit, the feed port on the coupling patch unit needs to be positioned in the zero field region of the synthesized field, and the zero field region which is the region with the electric field value of zero on the coupling patch unit is selected as an alternative region of the excitation port.
The step (5) specifically refers to: after the orthogonal mode is selected, the orthogonal mode current is subtracted by a field calculator in CST Studio Suite software, a weak value area exists near four corners of the rectangle, the area represents that two mode currents of the orthogonal mode are similar in distribution condition, if a feed port is installed at the area, the two modes are similar in response to the excited radiation, namely, the two modes are excited under the similar degree, and the weak value area of the current on an excitation patch unit is selected as an alternative area of the excitation port.
The step (6) specifically refers to: after the two alternative regions for decoupling and simultaneous excitation are obtained respectively, the feeding port is placed as a desired feeding position selection region in the geometrical intersection region corresponding to the zero field region of the coupling patch unit and the weak value region of the coupling patch unit due to the same shape of the excitation patch unit and the coupling patch unit.
The step (7) specifically refers to: and simulating the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array by using HFSS simulation software by taking all coordinates of the feed position selection area as coaxial feed coordinates to obtain electromagnetic performance, selecting the position with the best radiation, structure and circular polarization decoupling effect, wherein the best decoupling effect reaches-52 dB at 5.45GHz, and the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array has good circular polarization and self-decoupling performance.
According to the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: firstly, the invention is different from other self-decoupling antenna design methods, and from the structure and electromagnetic properties of the antenna, the characteristic mode theory is fully adopted as guidance in the design of the feeding point of the whole MIMO antenna, so that the advantages of the theory for multi-mode same-frequency excitation, multi-mode synthesis and the like are fully exerted, the reasons of circular polarization and decoupling effects are explained in principle, and the design of the antenna has better guidance effect; secondly, the analysis and the determination of the feed position also reduce the volume of the optimization work on the software simulation of the antenna, and the method has the advantages of intuitiveness and simplicity; thirdly, the invention has great expansion potential, has important guiding function on the self-decoupling mode of the synthesized weak field class, and can be expanded in the analysis of more complex structures in the future; fourth, the radiation type of the invention for analyzing the antenna is not limited to circular polarization, and the invention is applicable to MIMO antennas with linear polarization, dual polarization and the like, and has lower analysis cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front view of a circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of modal significance for the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a characteristic angle plot of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a basic mode electric field distribution of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a basic mode current distribution diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an orthogonal mode electric field and distribution diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a cross-mode current differential layout of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the axial ratio and S11 and S21 parameters of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph of the circular polarization of xoz side at 5.54GHz in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a graph of the circular polarization of yoz side at 5.54GHz in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, an analysis method of a circular polarization MIMO microstrip antenna array self-decoupling technology includes the following sequential steps:
(1) Establishing a circular polarization MIMO microstrip antenna array comprising a coupling patch unit 2 and an excitation patch unit 1, and analyzing the circular polarization MIMO microstrip antenna array based on a characteristic mode theory to obtain a mode significance and characteristic angle curve;
(2) According to the mode significance and the resonance characteristic reflected by the characteristic angle curve, four basic characteristic modes of the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array are determined, and the mode currents and the mode electric fields of the four basic characteristic modes are observed;
(3) Among the four basic feature modes, a pair of basic feature modes with feature angles different by 90 degrees and similar modal significance values are selected from 5.5GHz frequency points to serve as orthogonal modes;
(4) Based on the decoupling requirement, calculating the mode electric field sum zero field of the orthogonal mode on the coupling patch unit 2 of the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array;
(5) Based on the requirement of simultaneous excitation of orthogonal modes, calculating a weak value region of a mode current difference of the orthogonal modes on an excitation patch unit 1 of the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array;
(6) A geometric common area between a zero field area of the coupling patch unit 2 and a weak value area of the excitation patch unit 1 is used as a feed position selection area, and a feed port 3 is arranged;
(7) After the position of the feed port 3 is determined, the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array is simulated, and the excellent decoupling level of-52 dB is obtained.
The step (1) specifically refers to: firstly, a circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array shown in fig. 2 and 3 is established, and the establishment of a space rectangular coordinate system o-xyz comprises the following steps: origin o, x-axis, y-axis, z-axis; the MIMO array is parallel to the xoy plane of the space rectangular coordinate system. A circular polarization MIMO microstrip antenna array is established, the array is composed of two identical rectangular microstrip antennas, the two rectangular microstrip antennas are respectively used as an excitation patch unit 1 and a coupling patch unit 2, the length of each rectangular microstrip antenna is 14.93mm, the width of each rectangular microstrip antenna is 16.3mm, the distance of each rectangular microstrip antenna is 6.71mm, and the two rectangular microstrip antennas are printed on a single-layer dielectric substrate with the thickness of 1.50mm and the dielectric constant of 2.65 side by side;
the eigenmode theory is a mathematical method for analyzing and designing an antenna system, which is based on the vector potential theory of electromagnetic fields, and can be used to predict the radiation and impedance characteristics of the antenna system, as well as to optimize the antenna performance by adapting the geometry. The mode significance is taken as an important index of the characteristic mode theory, and refers to the contribution degree of each characteristic mode (also called as a base mode) in the antenna structure to the total electromagnetic field, and in the simulation process, the weight of each characteristic mode can be adjusted by changing the geometric shape of the antenna so as to optimize the performance of the antenna, such as increasing the radiation efficiency, reducing the standing wave ratio and the like.
The derivation of the weighted feature equation based on the moment method and the electric field integral equation is as follows:
wherein R, X represents the real and imaginary parts of the impedance matrix as determined by the electric field and surface current relationship, J n Representing characteristic current, lambda n Is the corresponding eigenvalue, and the modal significance is defined as:
thus, the modal significance MS and the eigenvalue λ n In relation to, when lambda n <At 0, referred to as capacitive mode; when lambda is n >At 0, referred to as inductive mode; when lambda is n When=0, it is called resonant mode; in guiding the antenna design, the resonant mode of the antenna is favored and the inductive and capacitive modes are suppressed as much as possible. When the mode significance MS value is equal to 1, the mode radiation is the most complete, the CST Studio Suite software is used for carrying out characteristic mode analysis without excitation on the antenna array, and the mode significance curve and the characteristic angle curve are obtained through simulation.
The step (2) specifically refers to: after feature mode analysis, according to the definition of modal significance, the amplitude is closer to 1, the potential of the mode to be excited is greater, four modes are expressed as significance high levels in the 5.2-5.8 GHz frequency band, and are respectively named as a first basic feature mode, a second basic feature mode, a third basic feature mode and a fourth basic feature mode. After the characteristic mode analysis, a mode significance MS curve shown in fig. 4 and a characteristic angle curve shown in fig. 5 can be obtained, and values at frequencies of 5.25GHz, 5.31 GHz, 5.68 GHz and 5.71 GHz respectively can be obtained to be close to 1 according to the curves, so that the four modes determine a basic mode. The mode electric field and the mode current of the four modes are shown in fig. 6 and fig. 7, respectively.
The step (3) specifically refers to: the characteristic angle is defined as follows:
wherein lambda is n Is a characteristic value, at beta<When the angle is 180 degrees, the characteristic mode corresponding to the characteristic value can store magnetic energy; at beta>When the angle is 180 degrees, the characteristic mode corresponding to the characteristic value can store electric energy; when beta=180°, the characteristic mode corresponding to the characteristic value is in a resonance state;
in order to realize circularly polarized radiation of the antenna, a mode with a phase difference of 90 degrees and the same amplitude is needed to be used as an orthogonal mode to synthesize a radiation field, and the mode significance of the first basic characteristic mode and the mode significance of the fourth basic characteristic mode are the same at the position of approximately 5.5GHz, which means that the first basic characteristic mode and the fourth basic characteristic mode can generate radiation effects with similar amplitude under proper excitation at the frequency point; meanwhile, the characteristic angle of the first basic characteristic mode and the characteristic angle of the fourth basic characteristic mode at the frequency point are different by 90 degrees, which indicates that the two modes are mutually orthogonal, so that the first basic characteristic mode and the fourth basic characteristic mode are selected to be orthogonal modes.
The step (4) specifically refers to: after the orthogonal mode is selected, the field calculator in CST Studio Suite software is used for adding the electric fields of the orthogonal mode, a synthesized zero field region is generated on the excitation patch unit 1 and the coupling patch unit 2, in order to minimize the coupling effect, when the feed port 3 is installed on the excitation patch unit 1, the feed port 3 on the coupling patch unit 2 needs to be located in the zero field region of the synthesized field, and the zero field region which is the region with the electric field value of zero on the coupling patch unit 2 is selected as an alternative region of the excitation port.
The step (5) specifically refers to: after the orthogonal mode is selected, the orthogonal mode current is subtracted by a field calculator in CST Studio Suite software, a weak value area exists near four corners of the rectangle, the area represents that two mode currents of the orthogonal mode are similar in distribution condition, if a feed port 3 is installed at the area, the two modes are similar in response to the excited radiation, namely, the two modes are excited under the similar degree, and the weak value area of the current on an excitation patch unit 1 is selected as an alternative area of the excitation port.
The step (6) specifically refers to: after obtaining two alternative regions for decoupling and simultaneous excitation, respectively, the feeding port 3 is placed as a desired feeding position selection region in the geometrical intersection region corresponding to the zero field region of the coupling patch unit 2 and the weak value region of the coupling patch unit 1, due to the identical shape of the coupling patch unit 2 and the excitation patch unit 1.
The step (7) specifically refers to: and simulating the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array by using HFSS simulation software by taking all coordinates of the feed position selection area as coaxial feed coordinates to obtain electromagnetic performance, selecting the position with the best radiation, structure and circular polarization decoupling effect, wherein the best decoupling effect reaches-52 dB at 5.45GHz, and the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array has good circular polarization and self-decoupling performance.
The electric fields of the first basic characteristic mode and the fourth basic characteristic mode in the orthogonal mode are added, the electric field distribution is shown in fig. 8, a stable weak field area with zero electric field value, namely a dotted line area, is selected on the coupling patch unit 2, the resultant electric fields are represented to cancel each other, and no electric field effect is affected, so that the stable weak field area is used as an alternative area of the feeding position on the coupling patch unit 2.
The current distribution of the first basic characteristic mode and the fourth basic characteristic mode in the orthogonal mode is shown in fig. 9, and a weak value area with a current value of zero, namely a dotted line area, is selected on the excitation patch unit 1, which represents that the two modes have similar currents, and if the excitation is performed, the first basic characteristic mode and the fourth basic characteristic mode can be excited simultaneously to a similar degree as an alternative area of the feeding position on the excitation patch unit 1.
And feeding in a coaxial mode is arranged according to the obtained feeding position, simulation is performed by using simulation software, and a good decoupling effect can be obtained. Without feed-backOn the premise of electric setting, circular polarized radiation is excited in the excitation patch unit 1 according to the characteristic mode theory, and meanwhile, the stable weak field area of the feed point position coupling patch unit 2 is met, and the effect of self-reducing coupling is achieved. The simulation shows the axial ratio of the antenna and S as shown in FIG. 10 11 、S 21 Parameter diagrams are shown, fig. 11 is a polarization pattern of xoz plane at 5.54GHz, and fig. 12 is a polarization pattern of yoz plane at 5.54 GHz. S is S 11 Refer to reflectance, S 2 Refers to the transmission coefficient.
Using all coordinates of the feed position selection area as coaxial feed coordinates, simulating the antenna array by using HFSS simulation software to obtain electromagnetic performance, selecting the position with best radiation, structure, circular polarization and decoupling effects, and observing S according to the parameters shown in figure 10 11 、S 21 The impedance bandwidth (S) is obtained by the axial ratio and the circular polarization patterns of FIGS. 11 and 12 11 <-10 dB) up to 6.80% (5.26-5.63 GHz), decoupling bandwidth (S 21 <-20 dB) up to 1.83% (5.40-5.50 GHz), circular polarization bandwidth (AR<3 dB) reaches 2.0% (5.41-5.52 GHz), and the optimal decoupling effect can reach-52 dB at 5.45GHz, so that the device has good circular polarization and self-decoupling performance. On the premise of no feed setting and software optimization, the optimal feed position is analyzed in the excitation patch unit 1 according to the characteristic mode theory, and meanwhile, the orthogonal mode is excited so as to excite the circularly polarized radiation, the feed point position is correspondingly positioned in a stable weak field area of the coupling patch unit 2, the influence of the synthesized weak field on the excitation port is small, the modes are mutually offset, the effect of self-reducing coupling is realized, and an important theoretical guiding thought is provided for the design of the self-decoupling antenna.
In summary, the method is different from other self-decoupling antenna design methods, and from the aspects of the structure and electromagnetic properties of the antenna, the method completely adopts the characteristic mode theory as a guide in the design of the feeding point of the whole MIMO antenna, fully exerts the advantages of the theory for multi-mode same-frequency excitation, multi-mode synthesis and the like, explains the reasons of circular polarization and decoupling effects in principle, and has a better guiding effect on the design of the type of antenna; the analysis and the determination of the feed position also reduce the volume of the optimization work on the software simulation of the antenna, and have the advantages of intuitiveness and simplicity.
Claims (8)
1. An analysis method of a circular polarization MIMO microstrip antenna array self-decoupling technology is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps in sequence:
(1) Establishing a circular polarization MIMO microstrip antenna array comprising a coupling patch unit and an excitation patch unit, and analyzing the circular polarization MIMO microstrip antenna array based on a characteristic mode theory to obtain a mode significance and characteristic angle curve;
(2) According to the mode significance and the resonance characteristic reflected by the characteristic angle curve, four basic characteristic modes of the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array are determined, and the mode currents and the mode electric fields of the four basic characteristic modes are observed;
(3) Among the four basic feature modes, a pair of basic feature modes with feature angles different by 90 degrees and similar modal significance values are selected from 5.5GHz frequency points to serve as orthogonal modes;
(4) Based on the decoupling requirement, calculating the mode electric field sum zero field of the orthogonal mode on the coupling patch unit of the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array;
(5) Based on the requirement of simultaneous excitation of orthogonal modes, calculating a weak value area of a mode current difference of the orthogonal modes on an excitation patch unit of the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array;
(6) Placing a feed port in a geometric public area between a zero field area of the coupling patch unit and a weak value area of the excitation patch unit as a feed position selection area;
(7) After the position of the feed port is determined, the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array is simulated, and the excellent decoupling level of-52 dB is obtained.
2. The method for analyzing the self-decoupling technology of the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the step (1) specifically refers to: the method comprises the steps of establishing a circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array, wherein the array consists of two identical rectangular microstrip antennas which are respectively used as an excitation patch unit and a coupling patch unit, the length of each rectangular microstrip antenna is 14.93mm, the width of each rectangular microstrip antenna is 16.3mm, the distance of each rectangular microstrip antenna is 6.71mm, and the two rectangular microstrip antennas are printed on a single-layer dielectric substrate with the thickness of 1.50mm and the dielectric constant of 2.65 side by side;
the derivation of the weighted feature equation based on the moment method and the electric field integral equation is as follows:
wherein R, X represents the real and imaginary parts of the impedance matrix as determined by the electric field and surface current relationship, J n Representing characteristic current, lambda n Is the corresponding eigenvalue, and the modal significance is defined as:
thus, the modal significance MS and the eigenvalue λ n In relation to, when lambda n <At 0, referred to as capacitive mode; when lambda is n >At 0, referred to as inductive mode; when lambda is n When=0, it is called resonant mode;
when the mode significance MS value is equal to 1, the mode radiation is the most complete, the CST Studio Suite software is used for carrying out characteristic mode analysis without excitation on the antenna array, and the mode significance curve and the characteristic angle curve are obtained through simulation.
3. The method for analyzing the self-decoupling technology of the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the step (2) specifically refers to: after the characteristic mode analysis, according to the definition of the mode significance, the amplitude is closer to 1, the potential of the mode to be excited is greater, four modes in the 5.2-5.8 GHz frequency band are expressed as significance high levels, and are respectively named as a first basic characteristic mode, a second basic characteristic mode, a third basic characteristic mode and a fourth basic characteristic mode.
4. The method for analyzing the self-decoupling technology of the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the step (3) specifically refers to: the characteristic angle is defined as follows:
wherein lambda is n Is a characteristic value, at beta<When the angle is 180 degrees, the characteristic mode corresponding to the characteristic value can store magnetic energy; at beta>When the angle is 180 degrees, the characteristic mode corresponding to the characteristic value can store electric energy; when beta=180°, the characteristic mode corresponding to the characteristic value is in a resonance state;
in order to realize circularly polarized radiation of the antenna, a mode with a phase difference of 90 degrees and the same amplitude is needed to be used as an orthogonal mode to synthesize a radiation field, and the mode significance of the first basic characteristic mode and the mode significance of the fourth basic characteristic mode are the same at the position of approximately 5.5GHz, which means that the first basic characteristic mode and the fourth basic characteristic mode can generate radiation effects with similar amplitude under proper excitation at the frequency point; meanwhile, the characteristic angle of the first basic characteristic mode and the characteristic angle of the fourth basic characteristic mode at the frequency point are different by 90 degrees, which indicates that the two modes are mutually orthogonal, so that the first basic characteristic mode and the fourth basic characteristic mode are selected to be orthogonal modes.
5. The method for analyzing the self-decoupling technology of the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the step (4) specifically refers to: after the orthogonal mode is selected, the field calculator in CST Studio Suite software is used for carrying out addition processing on the electric fields of the orthogonal mode, a synthesized zero field region is generated on the excitation patch unit and the coupling patch unit, so that the coupling effect is reduced to the greatest extent, when the feed port is arranged on the excitation patch unit, the feed port on the coupling patch unit needs to be positioned in the zero field region of the synthesized field, and the zero field region which is the region with the electric field value of zero on the coupling patch unit is selected as an alternative region of the excitation port.
6. The method for analyzing the self-decoupling technology of the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the step (5) specifically refers to: after the orthogonal mode is selected, the orthogonal mode current is subtracted by a field calculator in CST Studio Suite software, a weak value area exists near four corners of the rectangle, the area represents that two mode currents of the orthogonal mode are similar in distribution condition, if a feed port is installed at the area, the two modes are similar in response to the excited radiation, namely, the two modes are excited under the similar degree, and the weak value area of the current on an excitation patch unit is selected as an alternative area of the excitation port.
7. The method for analyzing the self-decoupling technology of the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the step (6) specifically refers to: after the two alternative regions for decoupling and simultaneous excitation are obtained respectively, the feeding port is placed as a desired feeding position selection region in the geometrical intersection region corresponding to the zero field region of the coupling patch unit and the weak value region of the coupling patch unit due to the same shape of the excitation patch unit and the coupling patch unit.
8. The method for analyzing the self-decoupling technology of the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the step (7) specifically refers to: and simulating the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array by using HFSS simulation software by taking all coordinates of the feed position selection area as coaxial feed coordinates to obtain electromagnetic performance, selecting the position with the best radiation, structure and circular polarization decoupling effect, wherein the best decoupling effect reaches-52 dB at 5.45GHz, and the circularly polarized MIMO microstrip antenna array has good circular polarization and self-decoupling performance.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310408993.5A CN116151038B (en) | 2023-04-18 | 2023-04-18 | Analysis method of circular polarization MIMO microstrip antenna array self-decoupling technology |
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