CN116147574A - Tunnel and overlying stratum dynamic response experimental device under deep vibration effect - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a dynamic response experimental device for a tunnel and an overlying stratum under the action of deep vibration, which effectively solves the experimental simulation problem of a tunnel sedimentation mechanism under the action of vibration of a vibration wave at the lower part of the tunnel, and can also develop the study of the sedimentation mechanism and the rule of the tunnel in stratum with different dip angles by simulating the action of the earthquake.

Description

Tunnel and overlying stratum dynamic response experimental device under deep vibration effect

Technical Field

The invention relates to an experimental device, in particular to a dynamic response experimental device for tunnels and overlying strata under the action of deep vibration.

Background

With the rapid development of economic road networks, tunnel engineering is more and more, and some seismic zones are inevitably crossed, and the earthquakes form the greatest threat to the tunnels. The propagation of seismic waves inside the earth is divided into longitudinal waves and transverse waves. The wave whose vibration direction coincides with the propagation direction is a longitudinal wave (P wave), and the longitudinal wave from the ground causes the ground to vibrate up and down. The waves having the vibration direction perpendicular to the propagation direction are transverse waves (S-waves), and the transverse waves from the ground can cause horizontal shaking of the ground. Therefore, the simulated earthquake vibration must consider the horizontal direction vibration and the vertical direction vibration of the simulated earthquake, so that the simulated earthquake vibration is similar to the movement of a real working condition.

Tunnels are constructed underground, and the dynamic response characteristics of tunnels under deep vibration such as earthquake are different from those of ground construction. Therefore, the development of the deep vibration action load has higher practical engineering significance on the experimental research of the dynamic influence model of the periphery of the tunnel and the upper coating. At present, a device capable of carrying out experimental simulation on a settlement mechanism and a rule of a tunnel and an overlying stratum under the vibration action of a seismic wave on the lower part of the tunnel is needed to be designed. The device is also used for experimental simulation research on the settlement mechanism and rule of tunnels and overlying strata in strata with different dip angles by earthquake action.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a dynamic response experimental device for a tunnel and an overlying stratum under the action of deep vibration, which effectively solves the problem of the influence of simulation layers with different dip angles in the process of simulated tunnel settlement experiment, and can not ensure that the dip angle of the simulation layers is the angle required by the experiment in the experimental stage after filling, and can obtain larger vibration force in a small space, and the technical scheme is characterized by comprising sensors, and further comprising a settlement simulation box for bearing each simulation layer and each sensor, wherein the settlement simulation box is rotationally connected between the left side of the lower end surface of the settlement simulation box and the left side of the upper end surface of a supporting seat, fixedly connected between a rotating shaft and the lower end surface of the settlement simulation box, the rotating shaft extends out of the supporting seat and is fixedly connected with an angle pointer, the settlement simulation box is composed of a square bottom plate, a front baffle fixedly connected with the front side of the bottom plate, a rear baffle fixedly connected with the bottom plate, arc grooves penetrating the front baffle and the rear baffle are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the bottom plate, the rotating rods are rotationally connected with the inclined plate, the inclined plate is provided with a slope angle adjusting device which is vertically connected between the left side and the front side of the bottom plate and the right side of the bottom plate, the inclined plate is fixedly connected with the front baffle plate, the left side of the inclined plate is vertically inclined plate, the inclined plate is vertically inclined plate is fixedly connected with the inclined plate, and the inclined plate is horizontally arranged between the inclined plate and the inclined plate, a hydraulic jack is arranged between the right side of the lower bottom surface of the lower bottom plate and the right side of the supporting seat.

The tunnel and overlying strata dynamic response experimental device is characterized by further comprising a deep vibration simulation device for simulating deep vibration, the deep vibration simulation device comprises a vibration box body fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom surface of the sedimentation simulation box, a support frame fixedly connected to the inside of the vibration box body, a bidirectional motor fixedly connected to the support frame, two ends of the bidirectional motor respectively and outwards extend out of a worm fixedly connected to shafts, the two ends of the bidirectional motor are fixedly connected to the worm which is matched with the worm wheel in a rotating mode on the vibration box body, the worm is coaxially and fixedly connected with a first gear, each first gear is respectively matched with a second gear which is rotatably connected to the vibration box body in a gear mode, the front end and the rear end of the support frame are respectively and fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, eccentric blocks which are rotatably connected are sleeved on the rotating shafts extend out of the same axis, third gears are fixedly connected to the second rotating shafts, and all the third gears are connected with the corresponding second gears through synchronous belts and synchronously move.

Preferably, the inclined plate angle adjusting device comprises a threaded sleeve longitudinally and rotatably connected to the left side supporting plate, a threaded adjusting rod is rotatably connected to the threaded sleeve, a left connecting sleeve is rotatably connected to the right end of the threaded adjusting rod, the left end of the left connecting sleeve is rotatably connected with the right end of the threaded adjusting rod, and the right end of the left connecting sleeve is longitudinally and rotatably connected with the left side face of the left inclined plate.

Preferably, the inclined plate angle fixing device comprises a positioning sleeve longitudinally connected to the right support plate in a rotating manner, a plurality of clamping teeth are uniformly distributed on the inner side surface of the positioning sleeve at intervals, a positioning rod is slidably connected to the positioning sleeve, a clamping block matched with the clamping teeth in the positioning sleeve is fixed on the positioning rod, the positioning rod is slidably connected with the positioning sleeve when the clamping block is misplaced with the clamping teeth, and the clamping block is matched with the clamping teeth when the positioning rod rotates ninety degrees, so that sliding movement between the positioning rod and the positioning sleeve is impossible.

Preferably, the left end of the positioning rod is rotationally connected with a right connecting sleeve, the left end of the right connecting sleeve is longitudinally rotationally connected with the right side surface of the right inclined plate, and the right end of the right connecting sleeve is rotationally connected with the left end surface of the positioning rod.

Preferably, the rotating rod rotationally connected in the arc-shaped groove is in sealing rotational connection with the arc-shaped groove, and the inclined plate fixedly connected on the rotating rod is in sealing sliding connection with the front baffle and the rear baffle.

Preferably, the parallel rod is composed of a front parallel rod and a rear parallel rod, the left end of the front parallel rod is longitudinally and rotationally connected with the front end of the upper end face of the left inclined plate, the right end of the front parallel rod is longitudinally and rotationally connected with the front end of the upper end face of the right inclined plate, the left end of the rear parallel rod is longitudinally and rotationally connected with the rear end of the upper end face of the left inclined plate, the right end of the rear parallel rod is longitudinally and rotationally connected with the rear end of the upper end face of the inclined plate, the upper end faces of the front parallel rod and the rear parallel rod are always kept on the same plane, and the front parallel rod is parallel with the front side face of the rear parallel rod.

Preferably, the hydraulic jack is located in a containing groove formed in the right side of the upper end face of the supporting seat in a downward mode, the upper end of the hydraulic jack is longitudinally and rotatably connected with the right side of the lower bottom face of the lower bottom plate, and the lower end of the hydraulic jack is longitudinally and rotatably connected with the lower bottom face of the containing groove.

Preferably, the rear baffle is provided with an opening for excavating a tunnel.

Preferably, the stratum is provided with a vibration sensor for detecting stratum fluctuation in addition to the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: solving the following problems; 1. the inclination angle of the sedimentation simulation box can be accurately adjusted in the use process; 2. the inclination angle can be accurately reflected in the adjustment process, and the inclination angle of the inclination plate is adjusted to be consistent with the inclination angle of the simulation box, so that the accuracy of experimental data can be effectively improved; 3. the inclination angle of the sedimentation simulation box can be compared with the supporting angle of the inclination plate; 4. the inclined plates at the left side and the right side always keep a vertical state when experiments are carried out; 5. in the process of filling the simulation layer, the simulation box can be firstly adjusted to the angle in the experiment, and then the experimental simulation layer is filled, so that the angle and the thickness of the filled simulation layer are both in accordance with the thickness of the simulation layer required in the experiment; 6. when the sensor is arranged, the sensor is always parallel to the inclined plate, so that the sensor is in a vertical state in an experiment, and experimental data are more accurate; 7. a larger vibrating force can be obtained in a small space; 8. the vibration is generated by synchronous rotation of a plurality of eccentric blocks, so that the problem of overlarge volume of a large vibration motor can be avoided; 9. effectively reduce the space occupied by the vibration source, reserve bigger experimental space for experimental stratum.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the whole of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the overall schematic of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a second view of the overall schematic of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of a second view B region of the overall schematic of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a top view of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the deep vibration simulation apparatus of the present invention.

Reference numerals

1. The hydraulic jack comprises a supporting seat, a hydraulic jack, a 3-settlement simulation box, a 4-rotating shaft, a 5-angle pointer, a 6-lower bottom plate, a 7-front baffle, a 8-rear baffle, a 9-arc groove, a 10-rotating rod, a 11-inclined plate, a 12-dial, a 13-parallel rod, a 14-supporting plate, a 15-inclined plate angle adjusting device, a 16-inclined plate angle fixing device, a 17-threaded sleeve, a 18-threaded adjusting rod, a 19-left connecting sleeve, a 20-positioning sleeve, a 21-clamping tooth, a 22-positioning rod, a 23-clamping block, a 24-right connecting sleeve, a 25-accommodating groove, a 26-tunnel excavation opening, a 27-vibrating box, a 28-supporting frame, a 29-bi-directional motor, a 30-eccentric block, a 31-first gear, a 32-second gear, a 33-rotating shaft, a 34-third gear and a 35-synchronous belt.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to FIGS. 1-7.

When the embodiment is used, firstly, the supporting seat 1 of the experimental device is placed on the horizontal hard ground, at the moment, the hydraulic jack 2 is adjusted to lift the right end of the sedimentation simulation box 3 upwards to an angle required by the experiment, at the moment, the angle pointer 5 fixedly connected with the extending part of the front side surface of the rotating connecting part of the left side surface of the lower end surface of the sedimentation simulation box 3 and the supporting seat 1 indicates the inclination angle of the sedimentation simulation box 3, then, after the pointer indicates the required angle, the hydraulic jack 2 is stopped and the hydraulic jack 2 is kept in place, at the moment, the screw adjusting rod 18 on the inclination angle adjusting device on the left side surface of the left inclined plate 11 is adjusted, the inclination angle of the inclined plate 11 is rotated to be consistent with the inclination angle of the sedimentation simulation box 3, and as the upper ends of the inclined plates 11 on the left side and the right side are rotationally connected with the parallel rods 13, the parallel rod 13 keeps the inclination angle of the inclined plates 11 on the left side and the right side the same all the time, then the inclination angle fixing device is rotated for ninety degrees to fix the angle of the inclined plates 11, at the moment, the sensor is placed at the position to be measured, the direction of the sensor is kept parallel to the inclined plates 11, the power supply of the sensor is connected with a computer, at the moment, the settlement simulation layers are paved layer by layer, the upper surface of the first layer is consistent with the horizontal plane when the first layer is paved, the simulation layers are paved and compacted after the first layer is paved, then the simulation layers on the first layer are filled, the hydraulic jack 2 is put down after the simulation layers are sequentially filled, the settlement simulation device is placed for three to five days, and after the stratum is relatively stable, the experiment is started again, the hydraulic jack 2 is communicated with the hydraulic pump when the experiment, the right end of the simulation box rises upwards under the action of the hydraulic pressure, the whole simulation box is inclined, the action of the hydraulic jack 2 is stopped when the inclination angle of the simulation box is adjusted to be the same as the angle of the inclined plate 11, the hydraulic jack 2 is kept in place, a power supply of a sensor is connected at the moment, an information processing computer is connected, a tunnel excavation opening 26 is opened, the tunnel excavation is simulated, data transmitted by the sensor are monitored in real time, materials in the simulation box are emptied after experimental data are collected, the sensor is retracted, then the hydraulic jack 2 is returned, the inclined plate 11 is positioned and canceled by rotating the inclined plate angle fixing device 16 anticlockwise, the inclined plate 11 is returned by adjusting the inclined plate angle adjusting device 15, and then experiments are conducted again when the simulation box is at different inclined angles and the data are collected.

The method is characterized in that a deep vibration simulation device is needed to simulate the two-way motor in the vibration box body when data generated by a tunnel and an overlying stratum change under the bottom vibration condition, eccentric blocks fixedly connected with two ends of the two-way motor can synchronously rotate when the two-way motor is electrified, meanwhile, worm wheels fixedly connected with two ends of the two-way motor can start rotating, worm wheels rotate to drive worms matched with the worm wheels to rotate, a first gear coaxially and fixedly connected with the worm wheels rotates with the worm wheels, a second gear meshed with the first gears at two ends respectively rotates with the steps, a third gear connected with the second gear through a synchronous belt synchronously starts rotating under the action of the synchronous belt when the second gears at two ends start rotating, the third gear is fixedly connected with eccentric blocks at the front and rear positions respectively, the third gears at the front and rear ends start rotating synchronously, all eccentric blocks are driven to rotate synchronously, and all eccentric angle initial positions of the eccentric blocks are set to be consistent for obtaining larger vibration force.

The data acquisition instrument that links to each other with the sensor output and the computer that links to each other with the data acquisition instrument, the stratum simulated layer that sets up, the tunnel stratum simulated layer of setting in stratum simulated layer top below and the multilayer geology simulated layer F1 that sets up in the simulated layer of tunnel, F2 … … Fn to be provided with tunnel excavation mouth 26, tunnel excavation mouth 26 on be provided with adjusting flange, the sensor include displacement sensor and pressure sensor, displacement sensor and pressure sensor be connected to corresponding data acquisition instrument respectively through the data line, all be provided with displacement sensor and pressure sensor in multilayer geology simulated layer F1, F2 … … Fn, still include supporting seat 1, hydraulic jack 2.

When the sensor is arranged, the sensor is always parallel to the inclined plate, so that the sensor is in a vertical state in an experiment, experimental data are more accurate, and the invention also provides an experimental device for simulating tunnels and overlying sedimentation mechanisms in stratum with different inclined angles.

Further, the screw thread adjusting rod 18 is rotated clockwise, the screw thread adjusting rod 18 moves rightwards, the left connecting sleeve 19 is pushed to move rightwards when the screw thread adjusting rod 18 moves rightwards, the left inclined plate 11 is pushed to rotate rightwards when the left connecting sleeve 19 moves rightwards, the real-time positioning function is achieved, when the left inclined plate 11 needs to return, the left screw thread adjusting rod 18 is rotated anticlockwise, and the left inclined plate 11 returns under the pulling force of the screw thread adjusting rod 18.

Further, when the positioning rod 22 does not rotate, the clamping teeth 21 in the positioning sleeve 20 and the clamping sleeves on the positioning rod 22 are arranged in a staggered manner, the positioning rod 22 is in sliding connection with the positioning sleeve 20, when the positioning rod 22 rotates ninety degrees, the clamping blocks 23 on the positioning rod 22 are overlapped with the clamping teeth 21 in the positioning sleeve 20, at the moment, the positioning rod 22 and the positioning sleeve 20 can only rotate under the action of external force and cannot do sliding movement, so that the function of supporting and positioning the right-side inclined plate 11 is achieved, and after the right-side inclined plate is used.

Further, the connecting sleeve is rotationally connected with the positioning rod 22 when the positioning rod 22 rotates, so that the connecting sleeve is pushed to rotate under the action of the threaded connection when the positioning rod 22 rotates.

Further, the arc-shaped groove 9 is in sealing and rotating connection with the rotating rod 10 so as to prevent the soil structure of the simulation layer from falling off and not being influenced by sundries during rotation.

Further, the length of the parallel rod 13 is selected to be consistent with the length of the lower base plate 6, the left inclined plate 11 and the right inclined plate 11 are always kept parallel, and a parallelogram structure is formed, so that the left inclined plate 11 and the right inclined plate 11 can act simultaneously and always keep parallel when acting, the parallel rods 13 are arranged at the front and rear sides, the support function can be further achieved, and the left inclined plate 11 and the right inclined plate 11 are prevented from being displaced by an internal simulation layer under the action of extrusion force.

Further, the hydraulic jack 2 is connected with a hydraulic pump, the hydraulic pump is connected with a control unit, the hydraulic pump pressurizes the hydraulic pump when the lower plate 6 is required to be supported at a certain angle, the hydraulic pump supports the lower plate 6 at a certain angle, the hydraulic pump stops and locks when the specified angle is reached, the supporting plate 14 is kept at a fixed position, and when the lower plate 6 is required to return, the hydraulic pump slowly descends under the control of the control unit and is accommodated in the accommodating groove 25.

Further, an opening door is arranged on the accommodating groove 25 formed in the rear baffle plate 8, and is opened when a tunnel in the ground needs to be dug in a simulation mode, and is closed when the tunnel is not used, so that leakage of a simulation layer is prevented.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a tunnel and overburden stratum dynamic response experimental apparatus under deep vibration effect, including the sensor, a serial communication port, still including being used for bearing each analog layer and subside analog box (3) of each sensor, it is connected to rotate between subside analog box (3) lower terminal surface left side and supporting seat (1) up end left side, fixedly connected with angle pointer (5) between pivot (4) and subside analog box (3) lower terminal surface, it is connected with angle pointer (1) that pivot (4) stretches out supporting seat (1) position fixedly connected with, subside analog box (3) by square lower plate (6), front baffle (7) of fixed connection in lower plate (6) front side, rear baffle (8) of fixed connection in lower plate (6) rear side, all set up on lower plate (6) left surface and the right flank and pierce through front baffle (7) and rear baffle (8) arc-shaped groove (9), all rotate in arc-shaped groove (9) and be connected with dwang (10), all fixedly connected with inclined plane (11) on dwang (10), inclined plane (11) width and front baffle (7) rear side are connected with front baffle (7) front side to front side (10) front side to front baffle (7) front side, the equal distance of rotation pointer (10) is perpendicular to front baffle (7) of fixed connection in front baffle (12), the upper end of the inclined plate (11) is rotationally connected with a parallel rod (13), a supporting plate (14) is fixedly connected between a front baffle (7) and a rear baffle (8) on the left side of the left inclined plate (11) and the right side of the right inclined plate (11), an inclined plate angle adjusting device (15) is arranged between the left supporting plate (14) and the left inclined plate (11), an inclined plate angle fixing device (16) is arranged between the right supporting plate (14) and the right inclined plate (11), and a hydraulic jack (2) is arranged between the right side of the lower bottom surface of the lower bottom plate (6) and the right side of the supporting seat (1);

the device comprises a vibrating box body (27) fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom surface of the vibrating box body, a supporting frame (28) fixedly connected to the inside of the vibrating box body, a bidirectional motor (29) fixedly connected to the supporting frame, eccentric blocks (30) fixedly connected to two ends of the bidirectional motor, worms fixedly connected to shafts extending outwards from two ends of the bidirectional motor, worms fixedly connected to the vibrating box body and matched with worm gears, first gears (31) fixedly connected to the worms in a coaxial mode, gears of the first gears are matched with second gears (32) rotatably connected to the vibrating box body, rotating shafts (33) are fixedly connected to the front end and the rear end of the supporting frame, eccentric blocks are sleeved on the rotating shafts, second rotating shafts extend outwards from the same axis, third gears (34) are fixedly connected to the second rotating shafts, and the third gears and the corresponding second gears are connected through synchronous belts (35) and synchronously move.

2. The tunnel and overburden stratum dynamic response experimental device under the action of deep vibration according to claim 1, wherein the inclined plate angle adjusting device (15) comprises a threaded sleeve (17) which is longitudinally and rotatably connected to a left side supporting plate (14), a threaded adjusting rod (18) is rotationally connected to the threaded sleeve (17), a left connecting sleeve (19) is rotationally connected to the right end of the threaded adjusting rod (18), the left end of the left connecting sleeve (19) is rotationally connected to the right end of the threaded adjusting rod (18), and the right end of the left connecting sleeve (19) is longitudinally and rotatably connected to the left side face of the left inclined plate (11).

3. The tunnel and overburden stratum dynamic response experimental device under the deep vibration action according to claim 1, wherein the inclined plate angle fixing device (16) comprises a locating sleeve (20) longitudinally connected to the right support plate (14) in a rotating mode, a plurality of clamping teeth (21) are uniformly distributed on the inner side face of the locating sleeve (20) at intervals, a locating rod (22) is slidably connected to the locating sleeve (20), a clamping block (23) matched with the clamping teeth (21) in the locating sleeve (20) is fixed to the locating rod (22), when the clamping block (23) is misplaced with the clamping teeth (21), the locating rod (22) is slidably connected with the locating sleeve (20), and when the locating rod (22) rotates ninety degrees, the clamping block (23) is matched with the clamping teeth (21) and cannot slidably move between the locating rod (22) and the locating sleeve (20).

4. The tunnel and overburden stratum dynamic response experimental device under deep vibration effect according to claim 3, wherein the left end of the positioning rod (22) is rotationally connected with a right connecting sleeve (24), the left end of the right connecting sleeve (24) is longitudinally rotationally connected with the right side surface of the right inclined plate (11), and the right end of the right connecting sleeve (24) is rotationally connected with the left end surface of the positioning rod (22).

5. The tunnel and overburden dynamic response experimental device under the action of deep vibration according to claim 1, wherein a rotating rod (10) which is rotationally connected with the arc-shaped groove (9) is in sealed rotating connection with the arc-shaped groove (9), and an inclined plate (11) which is fixedly connected with the rotating rod (10) is in sealed sliding connection with the front baffle (7) and the rear baffle (8).

6. The tunnel and overburden stratum dynamic response experimental device under deep vibration action according to claim 1, wherein the parallel rod (13) is composed of a front parallel rod (13) and a rear parallel rod (13), the front end of the front parallel rod (13) is longitudinally connected with the front end of the upper end face of the left inclined plate (11) in a rotating manner, the right end of the front parallel rod (13) is longitudinally connected with the front end of the upper end face of the right inclined plate (11) in a rotating manner, the left end of the rear parallel rod (13) is longitudinally connected with the rear end of the upper end face of the left inclined plate (11) in a rotating manner, the right end of the rear parallel rod (13) is longitudinally connected with the rear end of the upper end face of the inclined plate (11) in a rotating manner, the front parallel rod (13) and the upper end face of the rear parallel rod (13) are always kept on the same plane, and the front side faces of the front parallel rod (13) are parallel.

7. The tunnel and overburden stratum dynamic response experimental device under the action of deep vibration according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic jack (2) is located in a containing groove (25) formed in the right side of the upper end face of the supporting seat (1) downwards, the upper end of the hydraulic jack (2) is longitudinally connected with the right side of the lower bottom face of the lower bottom plate (6) in a rotating mode, and the lower end of the hydraulic jack (2) is longitudinally connected with the lower bottom face of the containing groove (25) in a rotating mode.

8. The experimental device for dynamic response of tunnels and overburden formations under action of deep vibration according to claim 1, wherein tunnel excavation openings (26) are formed in the rear baffle (8).

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