CN114991765B - Complex weak surrounding rock tunnel rock sample collection device and application method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rock sampling device for a tunnel with complex soft surrounding rock and a method of using the device, comprising: a base box, four stabilizing rods fixedly connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the base box; a drill feeding mechanism, the drill feeding mechanism being arranged inside the base box, the drill feeding mechanism comprising an adjusting plate, a hydraulic rod and a supporting plate, the adjusting plate being slidably sleeved on the four stabilizing rods, four hydraulic rods being arranged, the four hydraulic rods being all fixedly mounted on the upper outer surface of the adjusting plate, and the supporting plate being fixedly connected to the output ends of the four hydraulic rods; in the invention, the rectangular box is driven to be immersed in the surrounding rock by the drill feeding mechanism, two sampling threaded rods rotate synchronously, and the transmission plate drives three sampling drill bits to drill into the upper surrounding rock of the tunnel at different depths respectively, and the crushed samples of the surrounding rock will enter the interior of the sampling drill bit, thereby completing the sampling of surrounding rocks of different layers at one time, saving the sampling time of the staff and improving the work efficiency.

Description

A rock sample collection device for a tunnel with complex soft surrounding rock and a method of using the same

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of rock sampling equipment, and specifically relates to a rock sampling device for a tunnel with complex and weak surrounding rocks and a use method thereof.

Background technique

In rock underground engineering, the surrounding rock mass that changes its stress state due to the influence of excavation is called surrounding rock. Surrounding rock is also called main rock and ore-bearing rock. The rocks around the ore body and the rock mass are all called surrounding rock. For tunnel engineering, the most concerned issue is the stability of the stratum after the tunnel is dug. The stability of the stratum after the tunnel is dug is called the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock. This is a comprehensive indicator reflecting the geological environment. This is self-evident, because the stability of the stratum means that the deformation of the stratum into the tunnel caused by tunnel excavation is very small, and it can be basically stopped in a short time, which is very beneficial to the construction process and support structure.

During the construction of a tunnel, in order to investigate the stability of the tunnel, it is necessary to sample the surrounding rock above the tunnel for research and analysis. The sampling equipment generally used for rock formations is a shallow hole that can drill tens of meters in the topsoil and rock formations, and can take soil samples and cores. However, most rock formation sampling equipment drills and samples from the ground downwards, and cannot sample rock and soil in different soil layers at one time. Workers are required to sample different layers of the surrounding rock above the tunnel in different steps, and the work efficiency is low.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to send the rock sampling mechanism into the surrounding rock at the upper part of the tunnel through the drill bit jacking mechanism, so that the rock sampling mechanism can complete the sampling work of various soil layers at one time, save the sampling time of the staff and improve the work efficiency.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a rock sample collection device for a complex soft surrounding rock tunnel, comprising:

A base box, wherein four stabilizing rods are fixedly connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the base box;

A drill bit feeding mechanism, the drill bit feeding mechanism is arranged inside the base box, the drill bit feeding mechanism comprises an adjustment plate, a hydraulic rod and a support plate, the adjustment plate is slidably sleeved on four stabilizing rods, four hydraulic rods are provided, the four hydraulic rods are fixedly mounted on the upper outer surface of the adjustment plate, and the support plate is fixedly connected to the output ends of the four hydraulic rods;

A rock wall sampling mechanism, the rock wall sampling mechanism is arranged on the upper side of the drill bit feeding mechanism, the rock wall sampling mechanism comprises a rectangular box, a jacking drill bit, a transmission plate, two sampling threaded rods, three sampling motors and three sampling drill bits, the rectangular box is rotatably connected to the upper side of the support plate, the jacking drill bit is fixedly connected to the upper outer surface of the rectangular box, the two sampling threaded rods are rotatably connected between the inner walls of both sides of the rectangular box, the transmission plate is threadedly connected to the two sampling threaded rods, the three sampling drill bits are rotatably connected to the outer surface of one side of the transmission plate, the three sampling motors are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the other side of the transmission plate, and the output ends of the three sampling motors are fixedly connected to the corresponding sampling drill bits; and

A height adjustment component is arranged on the base box.

Wherein, the four outer surfaces of the base box are fixedly connected with stabilizing legs.

Wherein, a jacking motor is fixedly mounted on the lower outer surface of the support plate, and the lower outer surface of the rectangular box is fixedly connected to the output end of the jacking motor.

Among them, the rock wall sampling mechanism also includes a side box and two first synchronous gears. The side box is fixedly connected to the outer surface of one side of the rectangular box. The two first synchronous gears are rotatably connected between the inner wall of one side of the side box and the outer surface of one side of the rectangular box, and the outer surface of one side of the two first synchronous gears is fixedly connected to one end of the two sampling threaded rods respectively.

Among them, the rock wall sampling mechanism also includes a transmission gear and a transmission motor. There are two transmission gears, one of which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of one side of the rectangular box, and the other is fixedly sleeved on the corresponding sampling threaded rod. The two transmission gears are meshed and connected. The transmission motor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of one side of the rectangular box, and the output end of the transmission motor is fixedly connected to the outer surface of one side of the corresponding transmission gear.

Wherein, the rock wall sampling mechanism also includes two limit rods, the two limit rods are fixedly connected between the inner walls on both sides of the rectangular box, and the transmission plate is slidably sleeved on the two limit rods.

Among them, the height adjustment component includes two groups of lifting threaded rods, each group of lifting threaded rods is provided with two, each group of two lifting threaded rods are rotatably connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the base box, and each group of two lifting threaded rods are threadedly connected to the adjustment plate.

Among them, the height adjustment component also includes a lower connecting box and two groups of driving gears, the lower connecting box is fixedly connected to the lower outer surface of the base box, each group of driving gears is arranged at two, each group of two driving gears is rotatably connected between the inner wall of one side of the lower connecting box and the lower outer surface of the base box, each group of two driving gears is fixedly connected to the lower end of the corresponding lifting threaded rod, and each group of two driving gears is connected by a driving toothed belt transmission.

Among them, the height adjustment component also includes a lifting motor, a second synchronous gear and a protective shell, the protective shell is fixedly connected to the lower outer surface of the lower connecting box, two second synchronous gears are provided, the two second synchronous gears are rotatably connected to the lower outer surface of the lower connecting box and the bottom inner wall of the protective shell, the two second synchronous gears are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding two driving gears, the lifting motor is fixedly installed on the lower outer surface of the protective shell, and the output end of the lifting motor is fixedly connected to one of the second synchronous gears.

A method for using a rock sample collection device for a complex soft surrounding rock tunnel comprises the following steps:

S1. Height adjustment: The lifting motor drives two sets of lifting threaded rods to rotate, driving the adjustment plate to rise, so that the rectangular box drives the jacking drill bit to contact the upper rock wall surrounding rock of the tunnel.

S2. Rock drilling: The rectangular box is driven to rotate by the jacking motor, and the jacking drill bit will drill into the upper rock wall of the tunnel. Four hydraulic rods will lift the support plate upwards, allowing the rectangular box to enter the rock layer.

S3. Layered sampling: The two sampling threaded rods rotate to drive the transmission plate to move, so that the three sampling drill bits move toward the inside of the rock layer. The three sampling motors drive the sampling drill bits to rotate, and the three sampling drill bits drill into the rock wall to take samples.

In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. In the present invention, after the jacking drill bit is driven by the drill bit feeding mechanism to drill into the upper surrounding rock of the tunnel, the rectangular box is immersed in the surrounding rock, and the two sampling threaded rods are driven to rotate synchronously by the transmission motor, and then the three sampling drill bits are driven to rotate by the three sampling motors, and the transmission plate drives the three sampling drill bits to drill into the upper surrounding rock of the tunnel at different depths respectively, and the crushed samples of the surrounding rock will enter the interior of the sampling drill bit, thereby completing the sampling of surrounding rocks of different layers at one time, saving the sampling time of the staff and improving the work efficiency.

2. In the present invention, the lifting motor is started to drive the two second synchronous gears to keep rotating synchronously, and the two second synchronous gears drive the two sets of driving gears to keep rotating synchronously, so that the four lifting threaded rods can keep rotating synchronously, and the four lifting threaded rods can drive the adjustment plate to rise or fall, and the adjustment plate adjusts the height position of the jacking drill bit, so that the jacking drill bit can approach the surrounding rock above the tunnel, so that the rock wall sampling mechanism can sample the surrounding rock above the tunnel at various heights, and has a wide range of applications.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

FIG2 is a perspective view of the interior of the base box of the present invention;

FIG3 is an exploded view of the present invention;

FIG4 is an exploded view of the bottom side of the base box of the present invention;

FIG5 is a perspective view of a drill bit feeding mechanism of the present invention;

FIG6 is a perspective view of the interior of a rectangular box of the present invention;

FIG7 is a perspective view of the interior of the side connection box of the present invention;

FIG8 is a partial stereoscopic view of the sampling drill bit of the present invention.

Markings in the figure: 1. Base box; 2. Stabilizing legs; 3. Drill bit feeding mechanism; 301. Adjusting plate; 302. Hydraulic rod; 303. Support plate; 4. Rock wall sampling mechanism; 401. Rectangular box; 402. Jacking drill bit; 403. Transmission plate; 404. Sampling threaded rod; 405. Sampling motor; 406. Sampling drill bit; 407. Limit rod; 408. Transmission gear; 409. Transmission motor; 410. Side connection box; 411. First synchronous gear; 5. Lifting threaded rod; 6. Stabilizing rod; 7. Lifting motor; 8. Jacking motor; 9. Lower connection box; 10. Driving gear; 11. Second synchronous gear; 12. Protective shell.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

Embodiment 1, with reference to FIGS. 1-2 and 5-8: A rock sample collection device for a tunnel with complex soft surrounding rock, comprising a base box 1, four stabilizing rods 6 are fixedly connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the base box 1; a drill bit feeding mechanism 3, the drill bit feeding mechanism 3 is arranged inside the base box 1, the drill bit feeding mechanism 3 comprises an adjustment plate 301, a hydraulic rod 302 and a support plate 303, the adjustment plate 301 is slidably sleeved on the four stabilizing rods 6, four hydraulic rods 302 are provided, and the four hydraulic rods 302 are fixedly installed on the upper outer surface of the adjustment plate 301, and the support plate 303 is provided. The support plate 303 is fixedly connected to the output ends of the four hydraulic rods 302; the rock wall sampling mechanism 4 is arranged on the upper side of the drill bit feeding mechanism 3, and the rock wall sampling mechanism 4 includes a rectangular box 401, a top drilling bit 402, a transmission plate 403, two sampling threaded rods 404, three sampling motors 405 and three sampling drill bits 406. The rectangular box 401 is rotatably connected to the upper side of the support plate 303, the top drilling bit 402 is fixedly connected to the upper outer surface of the rectangular box 401, and the two sampling threaded rods 404 are rotatably connected to the rectangular box 40 1, the transmission plate 403 and the two sampling threaded rods 404 are threadedly connected, the three sampling drill bits 406 are rotatably connected to the outer surface of one side of the transmission plate 403, the three sampling motors 405 are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the other side of the transmission plate 403, and the output ends of the three sampling motors 405 are fixedly connected to the corresponding sampling drill bits 406; and a height adjustment component, the height adjustment component is arranged on the base box 1, the outer surfaces of the four sides of the base box 1 are fixedly connected with the stabilizing legs 2, and the lower outer surface of the support plate 303 is fixedly installed The jacking motor 8 is installed, and the lower outer surface of the rectangular box 401 is fixedly connected to the output end of the jacking motor 8. The rock wall sampling mechanism 4 also includes a side box 410 and two first synchronous gears 411. The side box 410 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of one side of the rectangular box 401. The two first synchronous gears 411 are both rotatably connected between the inner wall of one side of the side box 410 and the outer surface of one side of the rectangular box 401, and the outer surfaces of one side of the two first synchronous gears 411 are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the two sampling threaded rods 404. The rock wall sampling mechanism 4 also includes The transmission gear 408 and the transmission motor 409 are provided with two transmission gears 408, one of which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of one side of the rectangular box 401, and the other transmission gear 408 is fixedly sleeved on the corresponding sampling threaded rod 404, and the two transmission gears 408 are meshed and connected. The transmission motor 409 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of one side of the rectangular box 401, and the output end of the transmission motor 409 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of one side of the corresponding transmission gear 408. The rock wall sampling mechanism 4 also includes two limit rods 407, and the two limit rods 4 07 are fixedly connected between the inner walls of both sides of the rectangular box 401, the transmission plate 403 is slidably sleeved on the two limit rods 407, the adjustment plate 301 is connected to the height adjustment component, and the height adjustment component controls the height position of the rock wall sampling mechanism 4 by controlling the lifting and lowering of the adjustment plate 301. The four hydraulic rods 302 push the rectangular box 401 and the jacking drill bit 402 into the surrounding rock at the upper part of the tunnel by lifting the support plate 303. When the jacking motor 8 is started, it drives the rectangular box 401 and the jacking drill bit 402 to rotate, and the jacking drill bit 402 can drill When the rectangular box 401 enters the upper surrounding rock of the tunnel, the transmission motor 409 is started to drive the corresponding transmission gear 408 to rotate, and the other transmission gear 408 will also rotate accordingly to drive the corresponding sampling threaded rod 404 to rotate. The corresponding sampling threaded rod 404 will drive one of the first synchronous gears 411 to rotate, and the two first synchronous gears 411 will keep rotating synchronously, so that the two sampling threaded rods 404 will keep rotating synchronously, and the three sampling drill bits 406 will rotate by starting the three sampling motors 405. The pattern rod 404 will move the three sampling drill bits 406 toward the direction of leaving the rectangular box 401 through the transmission plate 403. The two limit rods 407 allow the transmission plate 403 to maintain stable linear movement inside the rectangular box 401, so that the three sampling drill bits 406 can drill into the upper surrounding rock of the tunnel at different depths respectively. While the sampling drill bits 406 are drilling, the crushed samples of the surrounding rock will enter the interior of the sampling drill bits 406, thereby completing the sampling of surrounding rocks of different layers at one time, saving the sampling time of the staff and improving work efficiency.

Embodiment 2, referring to Figures 2-4: the height adjustment component includes two groups of lifting threaded rods 5, each group of lifting threaded rods 5 is provided with two, each group of two lifting threaded rods 5 are rotatably connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the base box 1, each group of two lifting threaded rods 5 are threadedly connected to the adjustment plate 301, the height adjustment component also includes a lower connecting box 9 and two groups of driving gears 10, the lower connecting box 9 is fixedly connected to the lower outer surface of the base box 1, each group of driving gears 10 is provided with two, each group of two driving gears 10 are rotatably connected between one side inner wall of the lower connecting box 9 and the lower outer surface of the base box 1, each group of two driving gears 10 are fixedly connected to the lower end of the corresponding lifting threaded rod 5, and each group of two driving gears 10 are connected by a driving toothed belt transmission, the height adjustment component also includes a lifting motor 7, a second synchronous gear 11 and a protective shell 12, the protective shell 12 is fixedly connected to the lower outer surface of the lower connecting box 9, the second synchronous gear 11 is provided with two, and the two second synchronous gears 11 are rotatably connected Connected to the lower outer surface of the lower connecting box 9 and the bottom inner wall of the protective shell 12, the two second synchronous gears 11 are fixedly connected to the corresponding two driving gears 10 respectively, and the lifting motor 7 is fixedly installed on the lower outer surface of the protective shell 12. The output end of the lifting motor 7 is fixedly connected to one of the second synchronous gears 11. After starting the lifting motor 7, the two second synchronous gears 11 will be driven to rotate synchronously. The two second synchronous gears 11 drive the two sets of driving gears 10 to rotate synchronously, so that the four lifting threaded rods 5 can all rotate synchronously. The forward and reverse rotation of the four lifting threaded rods 5 can drive the adjustment plate 301 to rise or fall. The adjustment plate 301 drives the support plate 303 to rise or fall through the hydraulic rod 302, so that without starting the hydraulic rod 302, the height position of the jacking drill bit 402 is adjusted, so that the jacking drill bit 402 can be close to the surrounding rock above the tunnel, so that the rock wall sampling mechanism 4 can sample the surrounding rock above the tunnel of various heights, and has a wide range of applications.

A method for using a rock sample collection device for a complex soft surrounding rock tunnel comprises the following steps: Step 1, height adjustment: by starting a lifting motor 7, two second synchronous gears 11 are driven to rotate synchronously, the two second synchronous gears 11 drive two sets of driving gears 10 to rotate synchronously, the four driving gears 10 drive four lifting threaded rods 5 to rotate synchronously, the rotation of the four lifting threaded rods 5 can drive the adjustment plate 301 to rise, the adjustment plate 301 drives the support plate 303 to rise through the hydraulic rod 302, so as to adjust the top drilling without starting the hydraulic rod 302. The height position of the head 402 allows the jacking drill bit 402 to approach the surrounding rock above the tunnel, so that the rock wall sampling mechanism 4 can sample the surrounding rock above the tunnel at various heights, and has a wide range of applications; Step 2, rock formation drilling: first start the jacking motor 8, the jacking motor 8 drives the rectangular box 401 to rotate, and the jacking drill bit 402 rotates with the rectangular box 401, and then start the four hydraulic rods 302, the four hydraulic rods 302 will push the support plate 303 upward, and the jacking drill bit 402 will continue to drill into the surrounding rock above the tunnel, and finally the rectangular box 401 will be completely immersed in the tunnel Step 3: Sampling in layers: After the rectangular box 401 is immersed in the surrounding rock of the upper part of the tunnel, the three sampling motors 405 are started first to drive the three sampling drill bits 406 to rotate, and then the transmission motor 409 is started. The transmission motor 409 drives the corresponding transmission gear 408 to rotate, and the other transmission gear 408 will also rotate accordingly to drive the corresponding sampling threaded rod 404 to rotate, and the corresponding sampling threaded rod 404 will drive one of the first synchronous gears 411 to rotate, and the two first synchronous gears 411 will keep rotating synchronously, so that the two sampling threaded rods 404 will keep By synchronous rotation, the two sampling threaded rods 404 will move the three sampling drill bits 406 toward the direction of leaving the rectangular box 401 through the transmission plate 403. The two limit rods 407 allow the transmission plate 403 to maintain stable linear movement inside the rectangular box 401, so that the three sampling drill bits 406 can drill into the upper surrounding rock of the tunnel at different depths respectively. While the sampling drill bits 406 are drilling, the crushed samples of the surrounding rock will enter the interior of the sampling drill bits 406, thereby completing the sampling of surrounding rocks of different layers at one time, saving the sampling time of the staff and improving work efficiency.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A rock sample collection device for a complex soft surrounding rock tunnel, characterized by comprising: A base box (1), wherein four stabilizing rods (6) are fixedly connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the base box (1); A drill bit feeding mechanism (3), the drill bit feeding mechanism (3) is arranged inside the base box (1), the drill bit feeding mechanism (3) comprises an adjustment plate (301), a hydraulic rod (302) and a support plate (303), the adjustment plate (301) is slidably sleeved on four stabilizing rods (6), four hydraulic rods (302) are provided, the four hydraulic rods (302) are fixedly mounted on the upper outer surface of the adjustment plate (301), and the support plate (303) is fixedly connected to the output ends of the four hydraulic rods (302); A rock wall sampling mechanism (4), the rock wall sampling mechanism (4) being arranged on the upper side of a drill bit feeding mechanism (3), the rock wall sampling mechanism (4) comprising a rectangular box (401), a jacking drill bit (402), a transmission plate (403), two sampling threaded rods (404), three sampling motors (405) and three sampling drill bits (406), the rectangular box (401) being rotatably connected to the upper side of a support plate (303), the jacking drill bit (402) being fixedly connected to the upper outer surface of the rectangular box (401) , the two sampling threaded rods (404) are rotatably connected between the inner walls of both sides of the rectangular box (401), the transmission plate (403) and the two sampling threaded rods (404) are threadedly connected, the three sampling drill bits (406) are rotatably connected to the outer surface of one side of the transmission plate (403), the three sampling motors (405) are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the other side of the transmission plate (403), and the output ends of the three sampling motors (405) are fixedly connected to the corresponding sampling drill bits (406); and A height adjustment component is arranged on the base box (1). 2. A rock sampling device for a tunnel with complex soft surrounding rock as described in claim 1, characterized in that the four outer surfaces of the base box (1) are fixedly connected with stabilizing legs (2). 3. A rock sampling device for a complex soft surrounding rock tunnel as described in claim 2, characterized in that: a jacking motor (8) is fixedly installed on the lower outer surface of the support plate (303), and the lower outer surface of the rectangular box (401) is fixedly connected to the output end of the jacking motor (8). 4. A rock sampling device for a complex soft surrounding rock tunnel as described in claim 3, characterized in that: the rock wall sampling mechanism (4) also includes a side box (410) and two first synchronous gears (411), the side box (410) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of one side of the rectangular box (401), the two first synchronous gears (411) are both rotatably connected between the inner wall of one side of the side box (410) and the outer surface of one side of the rectangular box (401), and the outer surface of one side of the two first synchronous gears (411) is fixedly connected to one end of the two sampling threaded rods (404) respectively. 5. A rock sampling device for a tunnel with complex soft surrounding rock as described in claim 4, characterized in that: the rock wall sampling mechanism (4) also includes a transmission gear (408) and a transmission motor (409), two transmission gears (408) are provided, one of the transmission gears (408) is rotatably connected to an inner wall of one side of the rectangular box (401), and the other transmission gear (408) is fixedly sleeved on the corresponding sampling threaded rod (404), the two transmission gears (408) are meshedly connected, the transmission motor (409) is fixedly installed on an inner wall of one side of the rectangular box (401), and the output end of the transmission motor (409) is fixedly connected to an outer surface of one side of the corresponding transmission gear (408). 6. A rock sampling device for a complex soft surrounding rock tunnel as described in claim 5, characterized in that: the rock wall sampling mechanism (4) also includes two limit rods (407), the two limit rods (407) are fixedly connected between the inner walls of both sides of the rectangular box (401), and the transmission plate (403) is slidably mounted on the two limit rods (407). 7. A rock sampling device for a complex soft surrounding rock tunnel as described in claim 6, characterized in that: the height adjustment component includes two groups of lifting threaded rods (5), each group of the lifting threaded rods (5) is provided with two, each group of two lifting threaded rods (5) are rotatably connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the base box (1), and each group of two lifting threaded rods (5) are threadedly connected to the adjustment plate (301). 8. A rock sampling device for a complex soft surrounding rock tunnel as described in claim 7, characterized in that: the height adjustment component also includes a lower connecting box (9) and two groups of driving gears (10), the lower connecting box (9) is fixedly connected to the lower outer surface of the base box (1), each group of driving gears (10) is arranged at two, each group of two driving gears (10) is rotatably connected between the inner wall of one side of the lower connecting box (9) and the lower outer surface of the base box (1), each group of two driving gears (10) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the corresponding lifting threaded rod (5), and each group of two driving gears (10) are connected by a driving toothed belt transmission. 9. A rock sampling device for a tunnel with complex soft surrounding rock as described in claim 8, characterized in that: the height adjustment component also includes a lifting motor (7), a second synchronous gear (11) and a protective shell (12), the protective shell (12) is fixedly connected to the lower outer surface of the lower connecting box (9), two second synchronous gears (11) are provided, and the two second synchronous gears (11) are both rotatably connected to the lower outer surface of the lower connecting box (9) and the bottom inner wall of the protective shell (12), the two second synchronous gears (11) are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding two driving gears (10), the lifting motor (7) is fixedly installed on the lower outer surface of the protective shell (12), and the output end of the lifting motor (7) is fixedly connected to one of the second synchronous gears (11). 10. A method for using a rock sample collection device for a tunnel with complex soft surrounding rock, characterized in that the rock sample collection device for a tunnel with complex soft surrounding rock as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, comprising the following steps: S1, height adjustment: the lifting motor (7) drives the two sets of lifting threaded rods (5) to rotate, driving the adjustment plate (301) to rise, so that the rectangular box (401) drives the jacking drill bit (402) to contact the upper rock wall surrounding rock of the tunnel; S2, rock formation drilling: The jacking motor (8) drives the rectangular box (401) to rotate, and the jacking drill bit (402) drills the upper rock wall of the tunnel. The four hydraulic rods (302) push the support plate (303) upward, so that the rectangular box (401) enters the rock formation; S3, layered sampling: two sampling threaded rods (404) rotate to drive the transmission plate (403) to move, so that three sampling drill bits (406) move toward the inside of the rock layer, and three sampling motors (405) drive the sampling drill bits (406) to rotate, and the three sampling drill bits (406) drill into the rock wall to take samples.