CN116144936A - Electroslag remelting method for reducing silicon burning loss - Google Patents

Electroslag remelting method for reducing silicon burning loss Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116144936A
CN116144936A CN202211664884.1A CN202211664884A CN116144936A CN 116144936 A CN116144936 A CN 116144936A CN 202211664884 A CN202211664884 A CN 202211664884A CN 116144936 A CN116144936 A CN 116144936A
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consumable electrode
electroslag
silicon
controlled
electroslag remelting
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Inventor
曹东
裴兰科
李德军
李海强
赵亮
葛春钰
刘磊
范思鹏
王晓峰
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Angang Steel Co Ltd
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Angang Steel Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16—Remelting metals
    • C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/006—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with use of an inert protective material including the use of an inert gas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention discloses an electroslag remelting method for reducing silicon burning loss, wherein the silicon content of a consumable electrode is controlled at the upper limit of a target component of an electroslag blank; coating operation is carried out on the consumable electrode after the surface treatment, and the coating is sequentially as follows from inside to outside: an aluminum powder layer and/or a silicon oxide powder layer, a corundum powder layer; in the electroslag remelting stage, electroslag material is added into a crystallizer, the average thickness of a slag pool is controlled to be 1/3-1/2 of the equivalent diameter of a consumable electrode for smelting, and meanwhile, inert gas is blown into the crystallizer, and the flow rate is controlled to be 5-20L/min; feeding: and adding electroslag material into the crystallizer again, so that the thickness of the slag pool is controlled to be 1/2-1.0 of the equivalent diameter of the consumable electrode for smelting, and the flow of inert gas is controlled to be 10-30L/min. The invention effectively prevents the secondary oxidation of the consumable electrode silicon element in the electroslag remelting process by spraying the surface of the consumable electrode, and solves the problem of poor stability of controlling the burning rate of the easily oxidized element silicon while reducing the burning loss of the silicon.

Description

Electroslag remelting method for reducing silicon burning loss
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electroslag metallurgical smelting, and particularly relates to an electroslag remelting method for reducing silicon burning loss.
Background
Electroslag remelting is a special smelting method for smelting by using resistance heat generated when current passes through slag as a heat source, and has unique advantages when producing high-end variety steel (steel for nuclear power and the like). It uses excellent metallurgical reaction condition and unique solidification and crystallization process, and can effectively remove harmful impurities from metal and improve solidification quality of metal. However, the electroslag remelting process is generally carried out under the atmosphere, and as for the silicon content in the steel, the element is easy to oxidize, so that the burning loss rate is reduced in the electroslag remelting process, and the difficulty of realizing accurate control of the content is high.
At present, the control method of the content of the easily oxidized element in the electroslag remelting process comprises the following steps:
1. the pre-action method comprises the following steps: according to the requirement of the silicon content of the finished product, the silicon content of the consumable electrode is controlled to be more than the upper limit of component definition in advance, the burning loss proportion in the electroslag remelting process is prefabricated into the consumable electrode according to the upper limit of component definition to control the silicon burning loss in the electroslag remelting process, so that the component requirement of an electroslag blank is ensured, but the silicon burning loss proportion fluctuation in the electroslag remelting process is large, so that the silicon content prefabrication proportion of the consumable electrode is difficult to control.
2. On-line adjustment method: according to the requirement of the silicon content of the finished product, the burning loss ratio empirical value of the easily oxidized element silicon in the remelting and smelting process of the electroslag furnace is combined, and the silicon content of molten steel in the electroslag remelting process is controlled on line by adding ferrosilicon, but because the equipment states are different, the burning loss ratio empirical value of the silicon element fluctuates greatly, and the silicon yield fluctuation is large when adding ferrosilicon, the method controls the burning loss of the easily oxidized element silicon and has poor stability.
In summary, both the above two methods ensure that the burning loss ratio is controllable by increasing the silicon content, but because the equipment status is different, the burning loss ratio value of the silicon element fluctuates greatly, and meanwhile, the yield of silicon added with ferrosilicon fluctuates greatly, so that the burning loss ratio control stability of the silicon element easy to oxidize in the prior art is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electroslag remelting method for reducing silicon burning loss, which solves the problem of poor control stability of the burning loss rate of easily oxidized element silicon while reducing the silicon burning loss.
In order to solve the problems, the electroslag remelting method for reducing silicon burning loss comprises the following steps:
(1) Consumable electrode composition: in order to counteract the burning loss of part of silicon in the electroslag remelting process, the silicon content of the consumable electrode is controlled to be the upper limit of the target component of the electroslag blank, wherein the upper limit refers to the range from the middle value to the upper limit value of the target component interval.
(2) Consumable electrode coating: the surface-treated consumable electrode is subjected to a coating operation, and the silicon burn-out is mainly caused by the combination of silicon in the consumable electrode with slag and oxygen in the atmosphere, so that the oxygen in the system can be combined by aluminum powder in order to reduce the burn-out caused by the combination of oxygen and silicon. In addition, the progress of the burn-out reaction can also be suppressed by increasing the silicon oxide content, which is the product of the silicon burn-out reaction in the system. Finally, in order to improve the high-temperature resistance of the coating, corundum powder is coated on the outer side of the coating, so that the coating structure is determined, namely the coating sequentially comprises the following components from inside to outside: aluminum powder layer and/or silicon oxide powder layer, corundum powder layer.
(3) Electroslag remelting: in the electroslag remelting process, the average thickness of a slag pool has important influence on the production cost and quality of an electroslag ingot, and the larger the equivalent diameter of a consumable electrode is, the larger the molten steel liquid phase in unit time is, and the thickness of the slag pool is properly larger. And adding electroslag material into the crystallizer to control the average thickness of the slag pool to be 1/3-1/2 of the equivalent diameter of the consumable electrode for smelting, and simultaneously blowing inert gas into the crystallizer to control the atmosphere of the crystallizer, wherein the flow rate is controlled to be 5-20L/min.
(4) Feeding: in the feeding stage, because the liquid metal is relatively close to the top end of the crystallizer, oxygen in the environment is easier to absorb, in order to prevent the oxygen in the environment from entering, electroslag slag is added into the crystallizer again, so that the thickness of the slag pool is controlled to be 1/2-1.0 of the equivalent diameter of the consumable electrode for smelting, and the flow of inert gas is controlled to be 10-30L/min.
Further, the surface roughness Ra of the consumable electrode reaches 0.5-2.0 mm, so that the reducing agent coated on the surface of the consumable electrode in the subsequent working procedure has better adhesion.
Further, the thickness of the aluminum powder layer is 1.0-4.0 mm; the thickness of the silica powder layer is 0.5-1.0 mm; the thickness of the corundum powder layer is 0.5-1.0 mm.
Further, the weight percentage of Al content in the aluminum powder raw material used for the aluminum powder layer is more than or equal to 99 percent, and the granularity is 200-300 meshes; siO in silica powder raw material for silica powder layer 2 The weight percentage of the content is more than or equal to 98 percent, and the granularity is 100 to 150 meshes; al in corundum powder raw material for corundum powder layer 2 O 3 The weight percentage of the content is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the granularity is 100 to 300 meshes.
Further, the thickness of the coating of the aluminum powder is controlled according to the oxygen content in the consumable electrode, when the oxygen content in the consumable electrode is less than or equal to 10ppm, the thickness of the coating is 1.0-2.0 mm and contains 2.0mm, and when the oxygen content in the consumable electrode is more than 10ppm, the thickness of the coating is 2.0-4.0 mm and does not contain 2.0mm.
Further, the surface of the consumable electrode is frosted, and each coating is sprayed by adopting an electrostatic powder spraying process.
Further, the electroslag slag comprises the following components in percentage by weight: caF (CaF) 2 65％～75％、Al 2 O 3 20％～30％、SiO 2 1％～5％、MgO2％～8％。
Further, the electroslag material is premelted slag, and is baked for 5 to 8 hours at 600 to 800 ℃ before use.
Further, the granularity of the electroslag material is 0.5-1.5 mm.
Further, the inert gas is argon.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can effectively prevent the oxidation burning loss of the consumable electrode silicon element in the electroslag remelting process by controlling the consumable electrode components and carrying out the surface spraying treatment before the electroslag remelting production, and has simple, safe and reliable process method.
2. The aluminum powder coated by the invention can effectively remove oxygen in the consumable electrode, and inhibit oxygen increase of molten steel in the whole process of electroslag remelting, thereby realizing the whole process protection of easily oxidized silicon elements in the molten steel.
3. The coating contains silica powder, and can adjust SiO in slag liquid 2 The activity of the electrode is further suppressed, and the burning loss of silicon element in the consumable electrode is further suppressed.
4. The coating contains corundum powder, can effectively prevent the consumable electrode from contacting with air, prevent the consumable electrode from being secondarily oxidized by contacting with air before melting, realize the whole protection of the consumable electrode in the whole process of electroslag remelting, and reduce the silicon burning rate by more than 65 percent compared with a conventional control method.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention adopts the treatment technology of preventing the silicon from burning out by using the surface of the consumable electrode, and simultaneously realizes the comprehensive, efficient and stable reduction of the titanium burning out in the electroslag remelting production process by matching with the conventional atmosphere protection and deoxidation process, and the specific scheme is as follows:
(1) Consumable electrode composition: in order to counteract the burning loss of part of silicon in the electroslag remelting process, the silicon content in the consumable electrode is controlled at the upper limit of the finished product component;
(2) Consumable electrode coating: (1) and (3) treating the greasy dirt, iron scale and the like remained on the surface of the consumable electrode by using shot blasting, sand blasting and other treatment modes, wherein the treatment time is 30-60 min. For the purpose of afterwardThe spraying effect of the self-consumption electrode surface coating is facilitated, and the surface of the self-consumption electrode needs to be frosted to ensure that the surface roughness reaches 0.5-2.0 mm; (2) coating operation is carried out on the consumable electrode after the surface treatment, and the coating is sequentially as follows from inside to outside: aluminum powder layer and/or silicon oxide powder layer, corundum powder layer. The weight percentage of Al content in the aluminum powder raw material used for the aluminum powder layer is more than or equal to 99%, the granularity is 200-300 meshes, the thickness of the coating is 1.0-4.0 mm, the thickness of the coating is controlled according to the oxygen content in the consumable electrode, when the oxygen content in the consumable electrode is less than or equal to 10ppm, the thickness of the coating is controlled according to the lower limit, the thickness of the coating is 1.0-2.0 mm, and the thickness of the coating comprises 2.0mm; when the oxygen content in the consumable electrode is more than 10ppm, the thickness of the coating is controlled according to the upper limit, and the thickness of the coating is 2.0-4.0 mm and does not contain 2.0mm. SiO in silica powder raw material for silica powder layer 2 The weight percentage of the content is more than or equal to 98 percent, the granularity is 100 to 150 meshes, and the thickness of the coating is 0.5 to 1.0mm; al in corundum powder raw material for corundum powder layer 2 O 3 The content of the coating is more than or equal to 95 weight percent, the granularity is 100-300 meshes, and the thickness of the coating is 0.5-1.0 mm. Each layer is sprayed by adopting an electrostatic powder spraying process.
(3) Electroslag remelting: (1) the electroslag material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: caF (CaF) 2 65％～75％、Al 2 O 3 20％～30％、SiO 2 1 to 5 percent and 2 to 8 percent of MgO. The slag is premelted slag, and is baked for 5 to 8 hours at the temperature of 600 to 800 ℃ before use, and the granularity of the slag is controlled to be 0.5 to 1.5mm; (2) in the electroslag remelting process, the average thickness of a slag pool is controlled to be 1/3-1/2 of the equivalent diameter of a smelting consumable electrode, and meanwhile, inert gas is blown into a crystallizer to control the atmosphere of the crystallizer, and the flow rate is controlled to be 5-20L/min.
(4) Feeding: and adding electroslag slag again into the crystallizer in the feeding stage, so that the thickness of the slag pool is controlled to be 1/2-1.0 of the equivalent diameter of the consumable electrode for smelting, and the flow of inert gas is controlled to be 10-30L/min.
To further describe the present invention, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples:
an electroslag furnace is adopted in a certain iron and steel enterprise, and a total of 60 furnace silicon-containing element test steel production tests are carried out aiming at silicon-containing steel seeds: the conventional process is adopted to finish a 40-furnace, the invention is adopted to finish a 20-furnace, and the electrode preparation scheme and the production test result are as follows:
comparative example: (conventional Process)
The conventional process is adopted to carry out electroslag remelting to reduce the burning loss of silicon elements, and the silicon content of the finished electroslag ingot is in the range of 0.40% -0.55%. The silicon content in the consumable electrode is controlled to be 0.55% of the upper limit of the requirement of the finished product, and oil stains, iron scales and the like remained on the surface of the consumable electrode are treated by adopting the treatment modes of shot blasting, sand blasting and the like: the treatment time is 30min; the surface roughness was 80 μm on average, and the other operations were performed according to conventional processes.
Test results: among 40-furnace electroslag ingots, the average silicon content in the electroslag ingot is 0.45%, and when 3 furnaces are lower than the lower limit of the finished product, waste judgment is caused, and the burning loss rate of the slag ingot is = (consumable electrode silicon content-electroslag ingot silicon content)/consumable electrode silicon content multiplied by 100% = (0.55% -0.45%)/0.55% ×100% = 18.2%, component qualification rate is = (number of production furnaces-number of disqualification furnaces)/number of production furnaces multiplied by 100% = (40-3)/40×100% = 92.5%.
Example 1:
(1) Consumable electrode composition: the silicon content in the consumable electrode is controlled to be the upper limit of the finished product and the average silicon content is controlled to be 0.47 percent by adopting the process. (2) consumable electrode coating: (1) cleaning the surface of the consumable electrode by adopting a sand blasting mode for 40min, and then carrying out frosting treatment on the surface of the consumable electrode to ensure that the surface roughness of the consumable electrode reaches 1.0mm; (2) carrying out electrostatic powder spraying coating operation on the self-consumption electrode after surface treatment, wherein the coating comprises the following steps of: the aluminum powder layer, the silicon oxide powder layer and the corundum powder layer. Wherein: the aluminum powder layer, the weight percentage of Al content in the aluminum powder raw material is more than or equal to 99%, the granularity is 260-290 meshes, the oxygen content of the consumable electrode is 8ppm, and the thickness of the coating is controlled to be 1.2mm; silica powder layer, siO in silica powder raw material 2 The weight percentage of the content is more than or equal to 98 percent, the granularity is 110 to 130 meshes, and the thickness of the coating is 0.6mm; corundum powder layer, al in corundum powder raw material 2 O 3 The content of the coating is more than or equal to 95 percent by weight, the granularity is 140-160 meshes, and the thickness of the coating is 0.6mm. (3) electroslag remelting: (1) will be pre-madeThe electroslag slag is baked for 7 hours at 650 ℃, and the electroslag slag comprises the following components in percentage by weight: caF (CaF) 2 70％、Al 2 O 3 25％、SiO 2 1.5 percent of MgO3.5 percent, and the granularity of slag is 0.5-1.5 mm; (2) in the electroslag remelting process, the average thickness of a slag pool is controlled to be 1/3 of the equivalent diameter of a smelting consumable electrode, and the blowing flow of inert gas argon in a crystallizer is controlled to be 10L/min. (4) feeding stage: and adding electroslag material into the crystallizer again, so that the thickness of the slag pool is controlled to be 1/2 of the equivalent diameter of the consumable electrode for smelting, and the flow of inert gas argon is controlled to be 15L/min.
Test results: in the 5-furnace electroslag ingot, the silicon content in the electroslag ingot is kept at 0.45% on average, the burning loss rate of the electroslag ingot is = (consumable electrode silicon content-electroslag ingot silicon content)/consumable electrode silicon content multiplied by 100% = (0.47% -0.45%)/0.47% ×100% = 4.2%, and the silicon burning loss rate can be reduced compared with the conventional control method
(conventional method silicon burn rate-present method silicon burn rate)/conventional method silicon burn rate x 100% = (18.2% -4.2%)/18.2% ×100% = 76.9%, all heats were acceptable, and yield (stability) was 100%.
Example 2:
(1) Consumable electrode composition: the silicon content in the consumable electrode is controlled to be the upper limit of the finished product and the average silicon content is controlled to be 0.49 percent by adopting the process. (2) consumable electrode coating: (1) cleaning the surface of the consumable electrode by adopting a sand blasting mode for 50min, and then carrying out frosting treatment on the surface of the consumable electrode to ensure that the surface roughness of the consumable electrode reaches 1.5mm; (2) carrying out electrostatic powder spraying coating operation on the self-consumption electrode after surface treatment, wherein the coating comprises the following steps of: the aluminum powder layer, the silicon oxide powder layer and the corundum powder layer. Wherein: the aluminum powder layer, the weight percentage of Al content in the aluminum powder raw material is more than or equal to 99%, the granularity is 200-220 meshes, the oxygen content of the consumable electrode is 25ppm, and the thickness of the coating is controlled to be 3.2mm; silica powder layer, siO in silica powder raw material 2 The weight percentage of the content is more than or equal to 98 percent, the granularity is 120-140 meshes, and the thickness of the coating is controlled to be 0.8mm; corundum powder layer, al in corundum powder raw material 2 O 3 The content of the coating is more than or equal to 95 percent by weight, the granularity is 140-160 meshes, and the thickness of the coating is 0.6mm. (3) electroslag remelting:(1) baking the premelted electroslag material at 800 ℃ for 7 hours, wherein the electroslag material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: caF (CaF) 2 68％、Al 2 O 3 22％、SiO 2 3 percent of MgO, 7 percent of slag and the granularity of the slag is 0.5 to 1.5mm; (2) in the electroslag remelting process, the average thickness of a slag pool is controlled to be 1/3 of the equivalent diameter of a smelting consumable electrode, and the blowing flow of inert gas argon in a crystallizer is controlled to be 12L/min. (4) feeding stage: and adding electroslag material into the crystallizer again, so that the thickness of the slag pool is controlled to be 1/2 of the equivalent diameter of the consumable electrode for smelting, and the flow of inert gas argon is controlled to be 18L/min.
Test results: in the 5-furnace electroslag ingot, the silicon content in the electroslag ingot is kept at 0.46% on average, the burning loss rate of the electroslag ingot is = (consumable electrode silicon content-electroslag ingot silicon content)/consumable electrode silicon content multiplied by 100% = (0.49% -0.46%)/0.49% ×100% = 6.1%, and the silicon burning loss rate can be reduced compared with the conventional control method
(conventional method silicon burn rate-present method silicon burn rate)/conventional method silicon burn rate×100% = (18.2% -6.1%)/18.2% ×100% = 66.5%, all heats were acceptable, and the yield (stability) was 100%.
Example 3:
(1) Consumable electrode composition: the silicon content in the consumable electrode is controlled to be the upper limit of the finished product and the average silicon content is controlled to be 0.48 percent by adopting the process. (2) consumable electrode coating: (1) cleaning the surface of the consumable electrode by adopting a sand blasting mode for 50min, and then carrying out frosting treatment on the surface of the consumable electrode to ensure that the surface roughness of the consumable electrode reaches 1.0mm; (2) carrying out electrostatic powder spraying coating operation on the self-consumption electrode after surface treatment, wherein the coating comprises the following steps of: aluminum powder layer, corundum powder layer. Wherein: the aluminum powder layer, the weight percentage of Al content in the aluminum powder raw material is more than or equal to 99%, the granularity is 260-290 meshes, the oxygen content of the consumable electrode is 8ppm, and the thickness of the coating is controlled to be 1.2mm; corundum powder layer, al in corundum powder raw material 2 O 3 The content of the coating is more than or equal to 95 percent by weight, the granularity is 140-160 meshes, and the thickness of the coating is 0.6mm. (3) electroslag remelting: (1) baking the premelted electroslag slag for 7 hours at 650 ℃, wherein the electroslag slag comprises the following components in percentage by weight: caF (CaF) 2 72％、Al 2 O 3 22％、SiO 2 2.5 percent of MgO3.5 percent, and the granularity of slag is 0.5-1.5 mm; (2) in the electroslag remelting process, the average thickness of a slag pool is controlled to be 2/5 of the equivalent diameter of a smelting consumable electrode, and the blowing flow of inert gas argon in a crystallizer is controlled to be 15L/min. (4) feeding stage: and adding electroslag material into the crystallizer again, so that the thickness of the slag pool is controlled to be 3/5 of the equivalent diameter of the consumable electrode for smelting, and the flow of inert gas argon is controlled to be 20L/min.
Test results: in the 5-furnace electroslag ingot, the silicon content in the electroslag ingot is kept at 0.45% on average, the burning loss rate of the electroslag ingot is = (consumable electrode silicon content-electroslag ingot silicon content)/consumable electrode silicon content multiplied by 100% = (0.48% -0.45%)/0.48% ×100% = 6.2%, and the silicon burning loss rate can be reduced compared with the conventional control method
(conventional method silicon burn-out rate-present method silicon burn-out rate)/conventional method silicon burn-out rate×100% = (18.2% -6.2%)/18.2% ×100% = 65.9%, all heats were acceptable, and the yield (stability) was 100%.
Example 4:
(1) Consumable electrode composition: the silicon content in the consumable electrode is controlled to be the upper limit of the finished product and the average silicon content is controlled to be 0.50 percent by adopting the process. (2) consumable electrode coating: (1) cleaning the surface of the consumable electrode by adopting a sand blasting mode for 50min, and then carrying out frosting treatment on the surface of the consumable electrode to ensure that the surface roughness of the consumable electrode reaches 1.6mm; (2) carrying out electrostatic powder spraying coating operation on the self-consumption electrode after surface treatment, wherein the coating comprises the following steps of: a silicon oxide powder layer and a corundum powder layer. Wherein: silica powder layer, siO in silica powder raw material 2 The weight percentage of the content is more than or equal to 98 percent, the granularity is 120-140 meshes, and the thickness of the coating is 0.8mm; corundum powder layer, al in corundum powder raw material 2 O 3 The content of the coating is more than or equal to 95 percent by weight, the granularity is 130-150 meshes, and the thickness of the coating is 0.7mm. (3) electroslag remelting: (1) baking the premelted electroslag slag at 680 ℃ for 6 hours, wherein the electroslag slag comprises the following components in percentage by weight: caF (CaF) 2 68％、Al 2 O 3 22％、SiO 2 3.5 percent of MgO6.5 percent, and the granularity of slag is 0.5 to 1.5mm; (2) in the electroslag remelting process, the average thickness of a slag pool is controlled to be 1 equivalent diameter of a smelting consumable electrodeAnd/3, controlling the blowing flow of inert gas argon into the crystallizer at 12L/min. (4) feeding stage: and adding electroslag material into the crystallizer again, so that the thickness of the slag pool is controlled to be 2/3 of the equivalent diameter of the consumable electrode for smelting, and the flow of inert gas argon is controlled to be 25L/min.
Test results: in the 5-furnace electroslag ingot, the silicon content in the electroslag ingot is kept at 0.47% on average, the burning loss rate of the electroslag ingot is = (consumable electrode silicon content-electroslag ingot silicon content)/consumable electrode silicon content multiplied by 100% = (0.50% -0.47%)/0.50% ×100% = 6%, and the silicon burning loss rate can be reduced compared with the conventional control method
(conventional method silicon burn-out rate-present method silicon burn-out rate)/conventional method silicon burn-out rate×100% = (18.2% -6%)/18.2% ×100% = 69.2%, all heats were acceptable, and the yield (stability) was 100%.
According to the production test results, when the invention is adopted to carry out electroslag remelting smelting production test of the silicon-containing steel seeds, the control of low silicon burning loss of the silicon-containing steel seeds in the electroslag smelting process can be realized by improving processes such as consumable electrode components, slag components, electrode surface treatment and the like, and the qualification rate of the silicon-containing steel seeds (stability) is ensured.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. An electroslag remelting method for reducing silicon burning loss is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Consumable electrode composition: the silicon content of the consumable electrode is controlled at the upper limit of the target component of the electroslag blank;
(2) Consumable electrode coating: coating operation is carried out on the consumable electrode after the surface treatment, and the coating is sequentially as follows from inside to outside: an aluminum powder layer and/or a silicon oxide powder layer, a corundum powder layer;
(3) Electroslag remelting: adding electroslag material into the crystallizer, controlling the average thickness of a slag pool to be 1/3-1/2 of the equivalent diameter of a smelting consumable electrode, and simultaneously blowing inert gas into the crystallizer, wherein the flow rate of the inert gas is controlled to be 5-20L/min;
(4) Feeding: and adding electroslag material into the crystallizer again, so that the thickness of the slag pool is controlled to be 1/2-1.0 of the equivalent diameter of the consumable electrode for smelting, and the flow of inert gas is controlled to be 10-30L/min.
2. The electroslag remelting method for reducing silicon burn-out as claimed in claim 1, wherein the consumable electrode has a surface roughness Ra of 0.5-2.0 mm.
3. The electroslag remelting method for reducing silicon burn-out according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the aluminum powder layer is 1.0-4.0 mm; the thickness of the silica powder layer is 0.5-1.0 mm; the thickness of the corundum powder layer is 0.5-1.0 mm.
4. The electroslag remelting method for reducing silicon burn-out according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the weight percentage of Al content in aluminum powder raw materials for aluminum powder layers is more than or equal to 99%, and the granularity is 200-300 meshes; siO in silica powder raw material for silica powder layer 2 The weight percentage of the content is more than or equal to 98 percent, and the granularity is 100 to 150 meshes; al in corundum powder raw material for corundum powder layer 2 O 3 The weight percentage of the content is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the granularity is 100 to 300 meshes.
5. An electroslag remelting process for reducing silicon burn-out as set forth in claim 1 or 3, wherein the coating thickness of the aluminum powder is controlled according to the oxygen content in the consumable electrode, and the coating thickness is 1.0 to 2.0mm including 2.0mm when the oxygen content in the consumable electrode is less than or equal to 10ppm, and is 2.0 to 4.0mm excluding 2.0mm when the oxygen content in the consumable electrode is greater than 10 ppm.
6. An electroslag remelting method for reducing silicon burn-out as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein the surface of the consumable electrode is frosted, and each of the coatings is sprayed by an electrostatic powder spraying process.
7. The electroslag remelting method for reducing silicon burn-out as set forth in claim 1, wherein the electroslag material comprises the following components in weight percent: caF (CaF) 2 65％～75％、Al 2 O 3 20％～30％、SiO 2 1％～5％、MgO2％～8％。
8. The electroslag remelting method for reducing silicon burn-out according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the electroslag material is premelted slag, and is baked for 5-8 hours at 600-800 ℃ before use.
9. The electroslag remelting method for reducing silicon burn-out according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the electroslag material particle size is 0.5-1.5 mm.
10. The electroslag remelting method for reducing silicon burn-out as set forth in claim 1, wherein the inert gas is argon.
CN202211664884.1A 2022-12-23 2022-12-23 Electroslag remelting method for reducing silicon burning loss Pending CN116144936A (en)

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