CN110938745A - 825 nickel-based alloy electroslag remelting slag system and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
825 nickel-based alloy electroslag remelting slag system and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110938745A CN110938745A CN201911136499.8A CN201911136499A CN110938745A CN 110938745 A CN110938745 A CN 110938745A CN 201911136499 A CN201911136499 A CN 201911136499A CN 110938745 A CN110938745 A CN 110938745A
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- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of electroslag metallurgy, and particularly relates to a slag system for 825 nickel-based alloy electroslag remelting, which comprises the following specific chemical components in percentage by weight of CaF2:65~75%，Al2O3:11~16%，CaO:11~16%，TiO22 to 4 percent. The slag charge is fully baked and dried before slagging so as to reduce the moisture in the slag, CaO is completely replaced by 244 pre-melted slag according to the weight ratio, and the adding amount of the 244 pre-melted slag is 20 percent of CaF according to the weight percentage240% of Al2O3And 40 percent of CaO, and CaF, which avoids moisture absorption and hydrogen increase in the process of directly adding lime2And Al2O3The rest part is directly added according to the weight percentage, and TiO2The slag system is added 5-10 minutes before the slag melting is finished, the problem of titanium burning loss at the tail end of other slag system electroslag 825 alloy ingots is effectively solved by adopting the slag system, and the slag skin is thin and easy to fall off during mold lifting, the surface quality of the electroslag ingot is good, and the slag ingot is good in appearanceNo visible defect exists in the visual range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electroslag metallurgy, and particularly relates to a 825 nickel-based alloy electroslag remelting slag system for 825 nickel-based alloy electroslag remelting and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The slag for electroslag remelting mainly comprises CaF2、CaO、MgO、A12O3And SiO2And the used industrial raw materials correspond to fluorite, lime, magnesia, alumina and quartz sand. The binary slag and the ternary slag are the most common slag systems of various manufacturers at home and abroad and are suitable for most conventional products. The nickel-base 825 alloy (825 alloy for short) is a nickel-iron-chromium solid solution strengthening corrosion resistant alloy containing molybdenum, copper and titanium, the alloy elements in the product are more, the metal melting point of the product is only 1370-1400 ℃, which is far lower than that of a common electroslag product, and the commonly used binary and ternary slag systems have high melting point and slag resistance, so that the produced slag crust is thicker, is adhered to the surface of an electroslag ingot and is difficult to fall off, and the surface quality of the 825 electroslag ingot is poor.
When an alloy product is remelted by electroslag 825, the burning loss of titanium element is serious, and the problem of increasing aluminum at the tail end of an electroslag ingot exists to different degrees, so that the condition that the components of the electroslag ingot are rejected is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing slag system production and provides a 825 nickel-based alloy electroslag remelting slag system capable of meeting the requirements of the surface quality and chemical components of a 825 nickel-based alloy electroslag ingot and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the 825 nickel-based alloy electroslag remelting slag system comprises CaF (calcium fluoride) as a chemical component controlled by weight percentage2:65～75％、Al2O3:11～16％、CaO:11～16％、TiO22 to 4 percent; the melting point of the remelting slag system is matched with the melting point of the remelted 825 nickel-based alloy, and is reduced by 80-100 ℃ compared with the melting point of the conventional slag system.
CaO with the weight percentage of 11-16% in the remelting slag system is completely replaced by 244 pre-melting slag, and the addition amount of the 244 pre-melting slag is specifically hundred weight percentThe ratio of CaF is 20 percent240% of Al2O3And the reverse calculation is carried out on the CaO of 40 percent to obtain the CaF of 20 percent in the pre-melted slag2And 40% of Al2O3Form CaF in the remelting slag system2And Al2O3A part of (1), and the remaining CaF2And Al2O3Part of the slag is directly added into the remelting slag system for melting.
When Al is in the remelting slag system2O3Al in the remelting slag system is the same as the CaO in percentage by weight2O3The CaO component and the CaO component are all replaced by 244 pre-melted slag, and only CaF is added when slag charge is added in actual production operation2And 244 premelting slag and TiO2And (4) three parts.
The TiO is2The slag is not directly added in the stage of adding the slag, but is added 5-10 minutes before the slagging is finished after the slag-forming charge added in the earlier stage is basically melted down.
The preparation method of the 825 nickel-based alloy electroslag remelting slag system comprises the following steps of:
step 1), sufficiently heating and baking the slag in a special trolley baking furnace in advance to remove water vapor in the slag, wherein CaF2Baking at 600 deg.C for 4 hr or more, Al2O3Baking at 800 deg.C for 8 hr or more, baking 244 pre-melted slag at 400 deg.C for 4 hr or more, and keeping the temperature above 300 deg.C after heating and baking;
step 2) during slag charge configuration, CaO is completely replaced and added by 244 pre-melted slag according to a proportion, and hydrogen increase and CaF increase in an electroslag process caused by moisture absorption when CaO is directly added are avoided2And Al2O3The rest part is directly added according to the weight percentage;
step 3), cold arcing by a graphite electrode is adopted for slagging and arcing, and CaF is adopted as an arc striking agent2-TiO2A molded arc initiating agent; when slag charge is added, a small amount of CaF is added2After a small molten pool is formed, Al is added2O3And the remaining CaF2Slowly and alternately adding the raw materials, and finally adding 244 pre-melted slag.
Step 4), after the slag charge added in the earlier stage is basically melted down, slagging is carried outUniformly adding TiO 5-10 minutes before bundling2Slag charging, and then refining for 5-10 minutes.
In the process of adding the slag material, dust removal is not carried out, and no atmosphere protection is carried out, so that the slag material is prevented from being sucked away by dust removal or blown away by atmosphere filled in the crystallizer in the process of adding the slag material.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following positive effects:
compared with the conventional slag system, the electroslag system has the advantages of low melting point and small slag resistance, and is matched with the low melting point characteristic of 825 nickel-based alloy, the produced electroslag ingot has good surface quality forming, and no visible defect exists in the visual range.
TiO2The adding time of the slag is in the later stage of slag melting, so that the time for reacting with other unstable oxides in the slag is reduced, and the burning loss of Ti element in steel is better inhibited in the initial stage of electroslag remelting.
The electroslag system has low slag resistance, stable power fluctuation control in the remelting process and certain depth of embedding the consumable electrode into slag liquid, and is favorable for reducing the burning loss of easily-oxidized elements in the 825 alloy electroslag process.
The electroslag slag system has lower viscosity, the descending speed of metal liquid drops through a slag layer is high, and the time of the metal liquid drops through the slag layer is short, so that the burning loss of easily-oxidized elements in the 825 alloy electroslag process can be reduced.
TiO is added 5-10 minutes before the slag melting is finished2Refining time can make TiO2Fully melting and ensuring that more TiO exists in slag system at the initial remelting stage2To suppress the burning loss of Ti in the steel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows an 825 alloy electroslag ingot produced using another Y-1 slag system.
FIG. 2 shows an 825 alloy electroslag ingot produced using an alternative Y-2 slag system.
FIG. 3 shows an 825 alloy electroslag ingot produced by using the Y-3 slag system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the surface quality of electroslag ingots produced by using different slag systems can be seen.
825 nickel-based alloy electroslag remelting slag systemIs characterized in that: the remelting slag system is controlled by weight percentage to have CaF as the specific chemical component2:65～75％、Al2O3:11～16％、CaO:11～16％、TiO22 to 4 percent; the melting point of the remelting slag system is matched with the melting point of the remelted 825 nickel-based alloy, and is reduced by 80-100 ℃ compared with the melting point of the conventional slag system.
CaO in the remelting slag system, the weight percentage of which is 11-16%, is completely replaced by 244 pre-melting slag, and the addition amount of the 244 pre-melting slag is 20% of CaF240% of Al2O3And the reverse calculation is carried out on the CaO of 40 percent to obtain the CaF of 20 percent in the pre-melted slag2And 40% of Al2O3Form CaF in the remelting slag system2And Al2O3A part of (1), and the remaining CaF2And Al2O3Part of the slag is directly added into the remelting slag system for melting.
When Al is in the remelting slag system2O3Al in the remelting slag system is the same as the CaO in percentage by weight2O3The CaO component and the CaO component are all replaced by 244 pre-melted slag, and only CaF is added when slag charge is added in actual production operation2And 244 premelting slag and TiO2And (4) three parts.
The TiO is2The slag is not directly added in the stage of adding the slag, but is added 5-10 minutes before the slagging is finished after the slag-forming charge added in the earlier stage is basically melted down.
The preparation method of the 825 nickel-based alloy electroslag remelting slag system is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1), sufficiently heating and baking the slag in a special trolley baking furnace in advance to remove water vapor in the slag, wherein CaF2Baking at 600 deg.C for 4 hr or more, Al2O3Baking at 800 deg.C for 8 hr or more, baking 244 pre-melted slag at 400 deg.C for 4 hr or more, and keeping the temperature above 300 deg.C after heating and baking;
step 2) during slag charge configuration, CaO is completely replaced and added by 244 pre-melted slag according to a proportion, and hydrogen increase and CaF increase in an electroslag process caused by moisture absorption when CaO is directly added are avoided2And Al2O3The rest part is directly added according to the weight percentage;
step 3), cold arcing by a graphite electrode is adopted for slagging and arcing, and CaF is adopted as an arc striking agent2-TiO2A molded arc initiating agent; when slag charge is added, a small amount of CaF is added2After a small molten pool is formed, Al is added2O3And the remaining CaF2Slowly and alternately adding the raw materials, and finally adding 244 pre-melted slag.
Step 4), after the slag charge added in the earlier stage is basically melted down, TiO is uniformly added 5-10 minutes before the slag melting is finished2Slag charging, and then refining for 5-10 minutes.
In the process of adding the slag material, dust removal is not carried out, and no atmosphere protection is carried out, so that the slag material is prevented from being sucked away by dust removal or blown away by atmosphere filled in the crystallizer in the process of adding the slag material.
The burning loss of Ti in the electroslag remelting process is mainly represented by the following two forms: firstly, titanium element reacts with free oxygen or oxygen molecules in slag to burn, and the oxidation reaction formula is as follows:
[Ti]+2[O]＝(TiO2) (1)
[Ti]+O2＝(TiO2) (2)
second, titanium element and FeO and SiO in slag2、Al2O3The unstable oxides are burnt out by reaction, and the reaction formula is as follows:
[Ti]+2(FeO)＝(TiO2)+2[Fe](3)
[Ti]+(SiO2)＝(TiO2)+[Si](4)
3[Ti]+2(Al2O3)＝4[Al]+3(TiO2) (5)
in the invention, TiO with a certain proportion is added in the later stage of slagging2Slag, TiO2The addition of the titanium alloy increases the percentage of the titanium alloy in slag liquid, and can effectively slow down the reaction to the right, thereby inhibiting the burning loss of Ti at the initial stage of 825 alloy electroslag remelting.
Example (b): a slag system for the 825 nickel-based alloy electroslag remelting, which is used for remelting 1.5t 825 nickel-based alloy. The specification of the ingot type: phi 510/phi 630 mm; product technical protocol requirements are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1825 alloy chemical composition (%)
The slag system and other common slag systems are respectively subjected to electroslag remelting 825 alloy, and the specific parameters of the composition and the amount of the slag system are shown in the table 2:
TABLE 2825 ALLOY electroslag remelting slag system and slag quantity
Practical slag system proportion of 49.20kg of CaF2、2.40kg Al2O326kg of 244 pre-melted slag (the 26kg of 244 pre-melted slag is specifically made of 5.20kg of CaF2、10.40kg Al2O3And 10.40kg CaO pre-melted into
Wherein CaF2Baking at 600 deg.C for 4 hr or more, Al2O3Baking at 800 deg.C for more than 8 hr, baking 244 pre-melted slag at 400 deg.C for more than 4 hr, and keeping the temperature above 300 deg.C after baking. Adding 2.4kg of TiO into the slag 5 minutes before the slag melting is finished2。
The melting rate (kg/h) of electroslag remelting is (0.75-0.85) x the average diameter (mm) of the crystallizer.
The changes of Al and Ti in 825 Ni-based alloy before and after electroslag are shown in Table 3
TABLE 3825 change in Al and Ti in alloy (%)
From the above table, it can be seen that: the 825 alloy electroslag ingot produced by adopting the Y-1 slag system and the Y-2 slag system has serious titanium burning loss at the tail end, and does not meet the technical requirement of 0.6-1.2 percent. When the Y-3 slag system is adopted for electroslag, the chemical components of an electroslag ingot all meet the technical protocol requirements, the burning loss amount of titanium at two ends is minimum, and the problem of the burning loss of the titanium at the tail end of an electroslag remelting 825 alloy ingot is effectively solved.
The surface quality of electroslag ingots produced by adopting different slag systems is shown in the attached drawing of the specification.
From the results of the electroslag remelting attached figures, when a 825 alloy electroslag ingot produced by adopting a Y-1 slag system and a Y-2 slag system is subjected to die lifting, the slag crust is thick, slag is easy to adhere to the surface of the electroslag ingot, and the surface of the electroslag ingot has slag channel and slag mark defects of different degrees; when the 825 alloy electroslag ingot produced by adopting the Y-3 slag system of the invention is used for lifting the die, the slag crust is thin and easy to fall off, the surface quality of the electroslag ingot is best formed, and no visible defect exists in the visual range.
Claims (6)
1. A825 nickel-based alloy electroslag remelting slag system is characterized in that: the remelting slag system is controlled by weight percentage to have CaF as the specific chemical component2:65～75％、Al2O3:11～16％、CaO:11～16％、TiO22 to 4 percent; the melting point of the remelting slag system is matched with the melting point of the remelted 825 nickel-based alloy, and is reduced by 80-100 ℃ compared with the melting point of a conventional slag system.
2. The 825 nickel-based alloy electroslag remelting slag system according to claim 1, wherein: CaO in the remelting slag system, the weight percentage of which is 11-16%, is completely replaced by 244 pre-melting slag, and the addition amount of the 244 pre-melting slag is 20% of CaF240% of Al2O3And the reverse calculation is carried out on the CaO of 40 percent to obtain the CaF of 20 percent in the pre-melted slag2And 40% of Al2O3Form CaF in the remelting slag system2And Al2O3A part of (1), and the remaining CaF2And Al2O3Part of the slag is directly added into the remelting slag system for melting.
3. The 825 nickel-based alloy electroslag remelting slag system according to claim 2, wherein: when Al is in the remelting slag system2O3Al in the remelting slag system is the same as the CaO in percentage by weight2O3The CaO component and the CaO component are all replaced by 244 pre-melted slag, and only CaF is added when slag charge is added in actual production operation2And 244 premelting slag and TiO2And (4) three parts.
4. The 825 nickel-based alloy electroslag remelting slag system according to claim 1, wherein: the TiO is2The slag is not directly added in the stage of adding the slag, but is added 5-10 minutes before the slagging is finished after the slag-forming charge added in the earlier stage is basically melted down.
5. The method for preparing an 825 nickel-based alloy electroslag remelting slag system according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1), sufficiently heating and baking the slag in a special trolley baking furnace in advance to remove water vapor in the slag, wherein CaF2Baking at 600 deg.C for 4 hr or more, Al2O3Baking at 800 deg.C for 8 hr or more, baking 244 pre-melted slag at 400 deg.C for 4 hr or more, and keeping the temperature above 300 deg.C after heating and baking;
step 2) during slag charge configuration, CaO is completely replaced and added by 244 pre-melted slag according to a proportion, and hydrogen increase and CaF increase in an electroslag process caused by moisture absorption when CaO is directly added are avoided2And Al2O3The rest part is directly added according to the weight percentage;
step 3), cold arcing by a graphite electrode is adopted for slagging and arcing, and CaF is adopted as an arc striking agent2-TiO2A molded arc initiating agent; when slag charge is added, a small amount of CaF is added2After a small molten pool is formed, Al is added2O3And the remaining CaF2Slowly and alternately adding the materials, and finally adding 244 pre-melted slag;
step 4), after the slag charge added in the earlier stage is basically melted down, TiO is uniformly added 5-10 minutes before the slag melting is finished2Slag charging, and then refining for 5-10 minutes.
6. The method for preparing an 825 nickel-based alloy electroslag remelting slag system according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the process of adding the slag material, dust removal is not carried out, and no atmosphere protection is carried out, so that the slag material is prevented from being sucked away by dust removal or blown away by atmosphere filled in the crystallizer in the process of adding the slag material.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN111621647A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-09-04 | 河南中原特钢装备制造有限公司 | Smelting process for controlling aluminum increase at tail end of electroslag ingot in electroslag remelting process |
| CN112267029A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2021-01-26 | 钢铁研究总院 | Smelting method for controlling element burning loss of nickel-based alloy electroslag ingot of high-aluminum titanium |
| CN112831668A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-05-25 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | G20CrNi2Electroslag remelting slag system of Mo alloy and application thereof |
| CN113528847A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-22 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | High-purity UNS N08825 electroslag ingot and preparation method thereof |
| CN115287463A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-11-04 | 东北大学 | Slag system for electroslag remelting N06625 nickel-based alloy welding material, preparation method and use method |
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| CN115287463A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-11-04 | 东北大学 | Slag system for electroslag remelting N06625 nickel-based alloy welding material, preparation method and use method |
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