CN116136005A - Copper alloy strip and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Copper alloy strip and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116136005A CN116136005A CN202310164170.2A CN202310164170A CN116136005A CN 116136005 A CN116136005 A CN 116136005A CN 202310164170 A CN202310164170 A CN 202310164170A CN 116136005 A CN116136005 A CN 116136005A
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- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910017888 Cu—P Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018104 Ni-P Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018536 Ni—P Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/004—Copper alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/111—Treating the molten metal by using protecting powders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/08—Tin or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
- C23C2/36—Elongated material
- C23C2/38—Wires; Tubes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/085—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from copper or copper alloys
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a copper alloy strip and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the copper alloy strip comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 87 to 88 weight percent of Cu, 0.1 to 0.15 weight percent of Ag, 0.4 to 0.6 weight percent of Ni, 0.02 to 0.03 weight percent of P, and the balance of Zn and unavoidable trace impurities. The copper alloy strip has high strength, good high-temperature softening resistance and excellent welding performance; the tensile strength at normal temperature reaches more than 510MPa, the hardness at normal temperature reaches more than 160HV, the hardness is more than 115HV after heat preservation for 6 hours at 400 ℃, and the tensile strength is more than 420 MPa.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of copper alloy, in particular to a copper alloy strip and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of industry, the power of large-scale equipment is higher and higher, especially the large-scale equipment in mine and power industries, such as mine equipment, generator set and the like, requires high output power, and the output power of the equipment is high, so that the heating value of an electrical system of the equipment is large, and in order to ensure the normal operation of the equipment, the powerful function of a radiator arranged on the equipment is required to be ensured.
At present, copper tubes are adopted as radiators of special equipment, the wall thickness of the copper tubes is more than 0.5mm, the wall thickness is thicker, the effect of the copper tubes in cold-heat exchange cannot meet development requirements at present, the wall thickness of the copper tubes is required to be 0.08mm, the normal-temperature tensile strength of a condensing tube for heat radiation is required to be more than 480MPa, meanwhile, the copper tubes are required to be insulated for 6 hours at 400 ℃, the hardness of the copper tubes is required to be more than 115HV, and the tensile strength of the copper tubes is required to be more than 400 MPa. The existing copper tube has the super-hard state that the tensile strength is 380-420MPa at normal temperature, the heat is preserved for 6 hours at 400 ℃, the hardness is below 65HV, and the tensile strength is below 260MPa, so that the existing copper tube cannot meet the cold and hot impact recycling requirement of high-power large-scale equipment on a heat dissipation condenser tube.
Therefore, the prepared copper alloy strip with higher strength, excellent high-temperature resistance and good welding performance is applied to an ultrathin seamless copper alloy condenser tube, meets the requirement of high-power large-scale equipment on a heat dissipation condenser tube, and is a problem which needs to be solved by the technicians in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects in the prior art and provides a copper alloy strip and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the first aspect of the invention provides a copper alloy strip, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 87 to 88 weight percent of Cu, 0.1 to 0.15 weight percent of Ag, 0.4 to 0.6 weight percent of Ni, 0.02 to 0.03 weight percent of P, and the balance of Zn and unavoidable trace impurities.
Further, the copper alloy strip comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 87.5wt% of Cu, 0.125wt% of Ag0.5 wt%, 0.025wt% of Ni, 0.025wt% of P, and the balance of Zn, and unavoidable trace impurities.
In the present invention, alloying elements P, P and Cu are added to form intermetallic compound Cu 3 P and in eutectic form (Cu 3 P+α) are distributed on grain boundaries in a sheet-like or spherical shape. Eutectic compound (Cu) during heat treatment 3 P+alpha) can be spheroidized and pinned at the grain boundary, and the grain structure is refined along with the growth of grains in the heat treatment process, so that the high-temperature softening resistance and the strength of the copper alloy are greatly improved. When the P content is above 0.02%, enough nano eutectic compound (Cu) is formed in the casting solidification process 3 P+alpha) can be dispersed and distributed at the grain boundary, which obviously plays roles of refining grains and improving alloy strength, and meanwhile, when the content of P in the alloy reaches more than 0.02%, the high-frequency welding performance of the alloy can be obviously improved. However, when the P content reaches more than 0.03%, the grain structure tends to be flaky or strip-shaped during casting, the plasticity of the alloy material is deteriorated, and various special shapes of the material are increased, so that the P content in the alloy cannot exceed 0.03%. Therefore, the P content is preferably controlled to 0.02 to 0.03 wt%.
The trace Ag is added, so that the Ag can be dissolved in the copper matrix in a solid solution mode, the recrystallization temperature and creep strength of the alloy are obviously improved, the requirement that the tensile strength of the copper alloy is required to be larger than 320MPa after the trace Ag is added and the copper alloy is kept at 180 ℃ for 30 minutes can be met, meanwhile, the trace Ag has little influence on the conductivity of the alloy, and the conductivity of the alloy can be maintained to be more than 100% IACS after the alloy is added.
Ni is added in an amount of 0.4 to 0.6 weight percent, ni and P are separated out to produce a second phase compound of Ni-P in the later cold working and heat treatment processes, and the second phase compound is distributed at a crystal boundary, so that dislocation or movement of the crystal boundary is inhibited, and the bending property, the stress relaxation property and the high-temperature softening resistance of the material are improved.
The second aspect of the invention provides a method for preparing a copper alloy strip, comprising the following steps:
step one, batching and smelting: weighing according to the component proportion of the copper alloy, adding Cu, zn, ni, ag into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, adding calcined charcoal for covering after the copper liquid is melted, then controlling the temperature of the copper liquid to 1150-1200 ℃, adding Cu-P alloy according to the alloy proportion, heating the copper liquid to 1200-1250 ℃ after all the Cu-P alloy is melted in the copper liquid, carrying out slag dragging after heat preservation for 20-30 minutes, adding a covering agent for covering after slag dragging is finished, and carrying out heat preservation until casting begins;
step two, semi-continuous casting: the ingot casting adopts the red ingot casting technology, and the crystallizer cooling adopts primary cooling water cooling;
step three, hot rolling and online solid solution;
milling a surface, rough rolling and trimming;
step five, softening and annealing;
step six, rolling the intermediate material;
step seven, high-temperature solid solution;
step eight, finish rolling;
step nine, aging treatment: heating to 300-320 deg.c for 1-2 hr, heating to 420-440 deg.c for 4-6 hr, cooling to below 65 deg.c and discharging;
step ten, rolling a finished product, bending and straightening, stress relief annealing and width cutting to obtain the copper alloy strip; wherein the stress relief annealing adopts a tension straightening air cushion annealing furnace, the annealing temperature is 440-460 ℃, the annealing speed is 30-40m/min, and the unit tension of the straightening tension of the copper strip in the air cushion furnace is controlled to be 200-300N/mm 2 。
The stress relief annealing process in the invention comprises the following steps: the annealing temperature is the temperature above the recrystalization temperature of the alloy, the residual internal stress of the alloy is eliminated on the premise of not reducing the strength of the material by controlling the annealing speed, meanwhile, the plate shape is further optimized, the annealing temperature is higher than the recrystallization temperature of the alloy, and meanwhile, the material is tensioned, so that the macroscopic internal stress, microscopic internal stress and lattice distortion stress of the alloy can be completely eliminated. The traditional stress relief annealing is low-temperature annealing, the annealing temperature is lower than the recrystallization temperature, the annealing can only eliminate macroscopic internal stress and partial microscopic internal stress of the material, but lattice distortion stress can not be eliminated, and residual stress of the alloy strip can be partially reserved. The elimination of internal stress can ensure excellent plate shape and dimensional tolerance after slitting, and the flatness and strength of welding seams can be ensured during later welding.
Further, in the first step, the covering agent is cryolite+sodium carbonate in a weight ratio of 1:1.
Further, the second step specifically comprises: the temperature of the copper liquid is controlled to 1220-1240 ℃, then cooling water is opened, at the moment, the water pressure is controlled to 80-100 Kpa, then a stopper rod is rotated, when the copper liquid in the crystallizer reaches about two thirds of the crystallizer, a tractor is started, the casting operation is started at 30-40 mm/min, the vibration is started, the frequency of the vibrator is 70-100 times/min, the amplitude is 2-3 mm, and a powdery melting covering agent is added into the crystallizer and uniformly sprayed on the copper liquid surface, so that a thinner melting covering agent layer covers the liquid surface in the crystallizer.
Further, in the second step, the molten covering agent is cryolite, anhydrous borax and sodium carbonate in a weight ratio of 1:1:1; the water inlet temperature of the primary cooling water is 26-29 ℃, the water outlet temperature is controlled at 45-50 ℃, and the flow is 10-15m 3 /h; before the ingot is cooled to below 85 ℃, the surface of the ingot is directly contacted with water, so that the ingot is prevented from cracking during hot rolling; the size of the cast ingot is 620+/-5 mm wide and 230+/-3 mm thick.
Further, in the second step, the single-sided milling surface amount is 0.6-0.8 m; the processing rate of rough rolling reaches 90-98%; the unilateral shearing is 7-8 mm, and the bandwidth after shearing is 640+/-0.5 mm.
Further, in the third step, the heating temperature of the cast ingot is 860-900 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-4 hours, the hot rolling starting temperature is 840-860 ℃, the intermediate rolling temperature is controlled at 360-420 ℃, the hot rolling processing rate is 92-96%, the thickness after hot rolling is 15+/-0.5 mm, and the bandwidth is 655+/-5 mm; the fifth step is specifically that the softening annealing is as follows: heating to 320-350 deg.C, holding for 1-2 hr, heating to 460-480 deg.C, holding for 4-6 hr, and annealing with full H 2 Gas and its preparation methodAnd (5) reducing and protecting.
Further, in the step six, the intermediate processing rate of intermediate rolling is 65-85%; in the step eight, the finish rolling machining rate is 70-85%; the seventh step, the high temperature solid solution is specifically: the annealing temperature is 600-650 ℃, the annealing speed is 30-40m/min, and the protective gas contains H 2 Nitrogen in an amount of 2-4%.
Further, in the step ten, the processing rate of finished product rolling is 10-20%, a special roller is ground by adopting a 400-mesh ceramic grinding wheel, and the surface roughness Ra of the roller is controlled to be 0.040-0.05 mu m; and controlling the straightened plate form within 5I.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides an application of the copper alloy strip in preparing a thermal welded pipe, comprising the following steps: forming the slit copper strip into a copper pipe through 24 sets of special-shaped rollers; the formed copper pipe passes through a high-frequency welder, the welding voltage is 220V, the frequency is 30000HZ, the power is 1000-3000W, and the welding speed is 100-150m/min; immersing the formed and welded copper pipe in a liquid pure tin bath for online tin plating, wherein the tin plating speed is 100-150m/min, the pure tin bath temperature of the tin bath is 400-430 ℃, and the length of the tin bath is 600-800mm; and (5) cutting to length.
The welding process adopted by the invention is a rapid high-frequency welding process, and the flatness of the welding seam and the strength of the welding seam can be ensured only by adopting high frequency and combining reasonable power. If the welding speed is too slow, the alloy grain structure at the welding seam is grown, and the strength of the grown grain structure is low. If the welding frequency is low or the power is unreasonable, the bonding degree of the welding seam is poor, the strength is low, and the requirement that the bursting pressure reaches more than 1000PSI during the simultaneous bursting test of the welded pipe cannot be met.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the copper alloy strip has high strength, good high-temperature softening resistance and excellent welding performance; the tensile strength at normal temperature reaches more than 510MPa, the hardness at normal temperature reaches more than 160HV, the hardness is more than 115HV after heat preservation for 6 hours at 400 ℃, and the tensile strength is more than 420 MPa; when the copper alloy pipe prepared from the copper alloy strip is used for a welded pipe explosion test, the explosion pressure reaches more than 1000 PSI.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated, but is not limited, by the following examples. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
The invention provides 4 examples and 4 comparative examples, and the specific compositions of the copper alloy strips are shown in table 1.
Example 1
The wall thickness of the finished product of the copper alloy strip is 0.075mm, and the preparation steps are as follows:
1) Proportioning and smelting:
weighing according to the component proportion of the copper alloy strip, adding Cu, zn, ni, ag into a smelting furnace, heating to melt, and adding calcined charcoal for covering after molten copper. Then controlling the temperature of the copper liquid at 1180 ℃, and adding Cu-P alloy according to the alloy proportion; after all Cu-P alloy is melted in copper liquid, the temperature of the copper liquid is raised to 1230 ℃, slag is fished after the heat preservation is carried out for 24 minutes, a covering agent (cryolite and sodium carbonate are added as covering agents in a weight ratio of 1:1) is added after the slag is fished, and the heat preservation is carried out until casting is started.
2) Semi-continuous casting:
the temperature of the copper liquid is controlled at 1220 ℃, then cooling water is opened, at the moment, the water pressure is controlled at about 88Kpa, then a stopper rod is rotated, when the copper liquid in the crystallizer reaches about two thirds of the crystallizer, a tractor is started, the drawing casting work is started at 30mm/min, vibration is started, the frequency of the vibrator is 80 times/min, the amplitude is 2.5mm, a small amount of powdery covering agent cryolite, anhydrous borax and sodium carbonate (the weight ratio of the covering agent components: cryolite, anhydrous borax and sodium carbonate is 1:1:1) are added into the crystallizer, and the covering agent is uniformly sprayed on the copper liquid surface, so that a thinner molten covering agent layer covers the liquid surface in the crystallizer. The ingot casting adopts the red ingot casting technology, and the crystallizer is cooled by primary cooling water instead of secondary cooling water; the water inlet temperature of the primary cooling water is 26-29 ℃, the water outlet temperature is controlled at 45-50 ℃, and the flow is 10-15m 3 /h; the surface of the cast ingot is directly cooled to below 85℃ before the cast ingot is cooledContact with water, prevent the ingot from cracking during hot rolling. The size of the cast ingot is 620+/-5 mm wide and the thickness is 230+/-3 mm.
3) Hot rolling + on-line solid solution: the ingot heating temperature is 870 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3.5h, the hot rolling starting temperature is 840 ℃, the intermediate rolling temperature is 380 ℃, the hot rolling processing rate is 92-96%, the thickness after hot rolling is 15+/-0.5 mm, and the bandwidth is 655+/-5 mm.
4) Milling, rough rolling and trimming: milling the surface, wherein the single-sided milling amount is 0.6-0.8 m; rough rolling, namely rolling to 1.0mm; trimming, wherein the single side shearing is 7-8 mm, and the bandwidth after shearing is 640+/-0.5 mm.
5) Softening annealing and cleaning: heating to 340 ℃ for 1.5 hours, then heating to 470 ℃ for 5 hours, and adopting full H for an annealing furnace 2 Gas reduction protection; and (5) cleaning.
6) Intermediate material rolling: the intermediate material was rolled to 0.25mm.
7) High temperature solid solution: adopting a high-temperature horizontal air cushion furnace, wherein the annealing temperature is 645 ℃, the annealing speed is 35m/min, and the protective gas contains H 2 Nitrogen in an amount of 2-4%.
8) Finish rolling: rolled to a thickness of 0.09mm.
9) Aging treatment: heating to 320 ℃ for 1.5 hours, then heating to 438 ℃ for 4.5 hours, and finally cooling to below 65 ℃ and discharging.
10 Rolling a finished product, stretch bending and straightening, stress relief annealing and slitting the width: and rolling the finished product to a thickness of 0.075mm. Grinding the special roller by adopting a 400-mesh ceramic grinding wheel, wherein the surface roughness Ra of the roller is controlled to be 0.040-0.05 mu m; stretch bending and straightening, wherein the straightened plate shape is controlled within 5I; stress relief annealing, namely adopting a tension straightening air cushion annealing furnace, wherein the annealing temperature is 460 ℃, the annealing speed is 35m/min, and the unit tension of the straightening tension of the copper strip in the air cushion furnace is controlled to be 290N/mm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And cutting the width to obtain the copper alloy strip.
The copper alloy strip is prepared into a copper alloy pipe (a thermal welded pipe) by the following method:
and forming the slit copper strip into a copper pipe through 24 sets of special-shaped rollers. The formed copper pipe passes through a high-frequency welder, the welding voltage is 220V, the frequency is 30000HZ, the power is 2000W, and the welding speed is 110m/min. And (3) carrying out on-line tinning on the formed and welded copper pipe at the tinning speed of 110m/min, wherein the pure tin liquid temperature of a tinning tank is 430 ℃, and the length of the tin liquid tank is 750mm. And (5) cutting to length.
Example 2
The wall thickness of the finished product of the copper alloy strip is 0.07mm, and the preparation steps are as follows:
1) Proportioning and smelting:
weighing according to the component proportion of the copper alloy strip, adding Cu, zn, ni, ag into a smelting furnace, heating to melt, and adding calcined charcoal for covering after molten copper. Then controlling the temperature of the copper liquid at 1170 ℃, and adding Cu-P alloy according to the alloy proportion; after all Cu-P alloy is melted in copper liquid, the temperature of the copper liquid is raised to 1240 ℃, slag is fished after the heat preservation is carried out for 28 minutes, a covering agent (cryolite and sodium carbonate are added as covering agents according to the weight ratio of 1:1) is added after the slag is fished, and the heat preservation is carried out until casting is started.
2) Semi-continuous casting:
the temperature of the copper liquid is controlled at 1225 ℃, then cooling water is opened, at the moment, the water pressure is controlled at about 90Kpa, then a stopper rod is rotated, when the copper liquid in the crystallizer reaches about two thirds of the crystallizer, a tractor is started, the drawing casting work is started at 38mm/min, vibration is started, the frequency of the vibrator is 80 times/min, the amplitude is 2.6mm, a small amount of powdery covering agent cryolite, anhydrous borax and sodium carbonate (the weight ratio of the covering agent to the cryolite, the anhydrous borax and the sodium carbonate is 1:1:1) are added into the crystallizer, and the covering agent is uniformly sprayed on the copper liquid surface, so that a thinner molten covering agent layer covers the liquid surface in the crystallizer. The ingot casting adopts the red ingot casting technology, and the crystallizer is cooled by primary cooling water instead of secondary cooling water; the water inlet temperature of the primary cooling water is 26-29 ℃, the water outlet temperature is controlled at 45-50 ℃, and the flow is 10-15m 3 /h; before the ingot is cooled to below 85 ℃, the surface of the ingot is directly contacted with water, so that the ingot is prevented from cracking during hot rolling. The size of the cast ingot is 620+/-5 mm wide and the thickness is 230+/-3 mm.
3) Hot rolling + on-line solid solution:
the heating temperature of the cast ingot is 880 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3.2h, the hot rolling starting temperature is 850 ℃, the intermediate rolling temperature is controlled at 375 ℃, the hot rolling processing rate is 92-96%, the thickness after hot rolling is 15+/-0.5 mm, and the bandwidth is 655+/-5 mm.
4) Milling, rough rolling and trimming: milling the surface, wherein the single-sided milling amount is 0.6-0.8 m; rough rolling to 0.95mm; trimming, wherein the single side shearing is 7-8 mm, and the bandwidth after shearing is 640+/-0.5 mm.
5) Softening annealing and cleaning: heating to 335 ℃ for 1.8 hours, then heating to 465 ℃ for 5.5 hours, and adopting full H for the annealing furnace 2 Gas reduction protection; and (5) cleaning.
6) Intermediate material rolling: intermediate rolling to 0.22mm.
7) High temperature solid solution: adopting a high-temperature horizontal air cushion furnace, wherein the annealing temperature is 635 ℃, the annealing speed is 38m/min, and the protective gas contains H 2 Nitrogen in an amount of 2-4%.
8) Finish rolling; finish rolling to 0.085mm.
9) Aging treatment: heating to 315 deg.C, maintaining for 1.5 hr, heating to 430 deg.C, maintaining for 5 hr, cooling to 65 deg.C, and discharging.
10 Rolling a finished product, stretch bending and straightening, stress relief annealing and slitting the width: and rolling the finished product to 0.07mm. Grinding the special roller by adopting a 400-mesh ceramic grinding wheel, wherein the surface roughness Ra of the roller is controlled to be 0.040-0.05 mu m; stretch bending and straightening, wherein the straightened plate shape is controlled within 5I; stress relief annealing: adopting a tension straightening air cushion annealing furnace, wherein the annealing temperature is 450 ℃, the annealing speed is 35m/min, and the unit tension of the straightening tension of the copper strip in the air cushion furnace is controlled to 270N/mm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And cutting the width to obtain the copper alloy strip.
The copper alloy strip is prepared into a copper alloy pipe (a thermal welded pipe) by the following method:
and forming the slit copper strip into a copper pipe through 24 sets of special-shaped rollers. The formed copper pipe passes through a high-frequency welder, the welding voltage is 220V, the frequency is 30000HZ, the power is 1800W, and the welding speed is 117m/min. And (3) carrying out on-line tinning on the formed and welded copper pipe at the tinning speed of 117m/min, wherein the pure tin liquid temperature of a tinning tank is 420 ℃, and the length of the tin liquid tank is 720mm. And (5) cutting to length.
Example 3
The wall thickness of the finished product of the copper alloy strip is 0.065mm, and the preparation steps are as follows:
1) Proportioning and smelting:
weighing according to the component proportion of the copper alloy strip, adding Cu, zn, ni, ag into a smelting furnace, heating to melt, and adding calcined charcoal for covering after molten copper. Then the temperature of the copper liquid is controlled at 1190 ℃, and the Cu-P alloy is added according to the alloy proportion: after all Cu-P alloy is melted in copper liquid, the temperature of the copper liquid is raised to 1235 ℃, slag is fished after the heat preservation is carried out for 25 minutes, a covering agent (cryolite and sodium carbonate are added as the covering agents according to the weight ratio of 1:1) is added for covering after the slag is fished, and the heat preservation is carried out until casting is started.
2) Semi-continuous casting:
the temperature of the copper liquid is controlled at 1230 ℃, then cooling water is opened, at the moment, the water pressure is controlled at about 95Kpa, then a stopper rod is rotated, when the copper liquid in the crystallizer reaches about two thirds of the crystallizer, a tractor is started, the drawing casting work is started at 36mm/min, vibration is started, the frequency of the vibrator is 75 times/min, the amplitude is 2.8mm, a small amount of powdery covering agent cryolite, anhydrous borax and sodium carbonate (the weight ratio of the covering agent components: cryolite, anhydrous borax and sodium carbonate is 1:1:1) are added into the crystallizer, and the covering agent is uniformly sprayed on the copper liquid surface, so that a thinner molten covering agent layer covers the liquid surface in the crystallizer. The ingot casting adopts the red ingot casting technology, and the crystallizer is cooled by primary cooling water instead of secondary cooling water; the water inlet temperature of the primary cooling water is 26-29 ℃, the water outlet temperature is controlled at 45-50 ℃, and the flow is 10-15m 3 /h; before the ingot is cooled to below 85 ℃, the surface of the ingot is directly contacted with water, so that the ingot is prevented from cracking during hot rolling. The size of the cast ingot is 620+/-5 mm wide and the thickness is 230+/-3 mm.
3) Hot rolling + on-line solid solution: the ingot heating temperature is 890 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3.2h, the hot rolling starting temperature is 855 ℃, the intermediate rolling temperature is controlled at 410 ℃, the hot rolling processing rate is 92-96%, the thickness after hot rolling is 15+/-0.5 mm, and the bandwidth is 655+/-5 mm.
4) Milling, rough rolling and trimming: the single-sided milling amount is 0.6-0.8 m; rough rolling to 0.93mm; the unilateral shearing is 7-8 mm, and the bandwidth after shearing is 640+/-0.5 mm.
5) Softening annealing and cleaning: heating to 340 ℃ for 1.3 hours, then heating to 470 ℃ for 4.5 hours, and adopting full H for an annealing furnace 2 Gas reduction protection; and (5) cleaning.
6) Intermediate material rolling: intermediate to 0.2mm.
7) High temperature solid solution: adopting a high-temperature horizontal air cushion furnace, wherein the annealing temperature is 625 ℃, the annealing speed is 38m/min, and the protective gas contains H 2 Nitrogen in an amount of 2-4%.
8) Finish rolling: finish rolling to 0.075mm.
9) Aging treatment: heating to 310 ℃ for 1.8 hours, then heating to 430 ℃ for 4.9 hours, and finally cooling to below 65 ℃ and discharging.
10 Rolling a finished product, stretch bending and straightening, stress relief annealing and slitting the width: and (3) rolling a finished product: the finished product is rolled to 0.065mm. Grinding the special roller by adopting a 400-mesh ceramic grinding wheel, wherein the surface roughness Ra of the roller is controlled to be 0.040-0.05 mu m; stretch bending and straightening: controlling the straightened plate shape within 5I; stress relief annealing: adopting a tension straightening air cushion annealing furnace, wherein the annealing temperature is 450 ℃, the annealing speed is 36m/min, and the unit tension of the straightening tension of the copper strip in the air cushion furnace is controlled to 240N/mm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And cutting the width to obtain the copper alloy strip.
The copper alloy strip is prepared into a copper alloy pipe (a thermal welded pipe) by the following method:
and forming the slit copper strip into a copper pipe through 24 sets of special-shaped rollers. The formed copper pipe passes through a high-frequency welder, the welding voltage is 220V, the frequency is 30000HZ, the power is 1500W, and the welding speed is 125m/min. And tinning the formed and welded copper pipe on line at the tinning speed of 125m/min, wherein the pure tin liquor temperature of a tinning tank is 415 ℃, and the length of the tin liquor tank is 700mm. And (5) cutting to length.
Example 4
The wall thickness of the finished product of the copper alloy strip is 0.06mm, and the preparation steps are as follows:
1) Proportioning and smelting:
weighing according to the component proportion of the copper alloy strip, adding Cu, zn, ni, ag into a smelting furnace, heating to melt, and adding calcined charcoal for covering after molten copper. Then controlling the temperature of the copper liquid at 1165 ℃, and adding Cu-P alloy according to the alloy proportion; after all Cu-P alloy is melted in copper liquid, the temperature of the copper liquid is raised to 1245 ℃, slag is fished after heat preservation is carried out for 22 minutes, a covering agent (cryolite and sodium carbonate are added as the covering agents according to the weight ratio of 1:1) is added for covering after slag scooping is finished, and heat preservation is carried out until casting is started.
2) Semi-continuous casting:
the temperature of the copper liquid is controlled at 1225 ℃, then cooling water is opened, at the moment, the water pressure is controlled at about 88Kpa, then a stopper rod is rotated, when the copper liquid in the crystallizer reaches about two thirds of the crystallizer, a tractor is started, the drawing casting work is started at 34mm/min, vibration is started, the frequency of the vibrator is 85 times/min, the amplitude is 2.5mm, a small amount of powdery covering agent cryolite, anhydrous borax and sodium carbonate (the weight ratio of the covering agent to the cryolite, the anhydrous borax and the sodium carbonate is 1:1:1) are added into the crystallizer, and the covering agent is uniformly sprayed on the copper liquid surface, so that a thinner molten covering agent layer covers the liquid surface in the crystallizer. The ingot casting adopts the red ingot casting technology, and the crystallizer is cooled by primary cooling water instead of secondary cooling water; the water inlet temperature of the primary cooling water is 26-29 ℃, the water outlet temperature is controlled at 45-50 ℃, and the flow is 10-15m 3 /h; before the ingot is cooled to below 85 ℃, the surface of the ingot is directly contacted with water, so that the ingot is prevented from cracking during hot rolling. The size of the cast ingot is 620+/-5 mm wide and the thickness is 230+/-3 mm.
3) Hot rolling + on-line solid solution: the ingot heating temperature is 870 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3.6h, the hot rolling starting temperature is 848 ℃, the intermediate rolling temperature is 370 ℃, the hot rolling processing rate is 92-96%, the thickness after hot rolling is 15+/-0.5 mm, and the bandwidth is 655+/-5 mm.
4) Milling, rough rolling and trimming: milling: the single-sided milling amount is 0.6-0.8 m; rough rolling: rough rolling for 0.9mm; trimming: the unilateral shearing is 7-8 mm, and the bandwidth after shearing is 640+/-0.5 mm.
5) Softening annealing and cleaning: heating to 345 ℃ for 1.4 hours, then heating to 475 ℃ for 5 hours, and adopting full H for an annealing furnace 2 Gas reduction protection; and (5) cleaning.
6) Intermediate material rolling: intermediate rolling 0.15mm.
7) High temperature solid solution: adopting a high-temperature horizontal air cushion furnace, wherein the annealing temperature is 610 ℃, the annealing speed is 37m/min, and the protective gas contains H 2 Nitrogen in an amount of 2-4%.
8) Finish rolling: finish rolling to 0.07mm.
9) Aging treatment: heating to 305 ℃ for 1.8 hours, then heating to 420 ℃ for 5.4 hours, and finally cooling to below 65 ℃ and discharging.
10 Rolling a finished product, stretch bending and straightening, stress relief annealing and slitting the width: and rolling the finished product to 0.06mm. Grinding the special roller by adopting a 400-mesh ceramic grinding wheel, wherein the surface roughness Ra of the roller is controlled to be 0.040-0.05 mu m; stretch bending and straightening, wherein the straightened plate shape is controlled within 5I; stress relief annealing, namely adopting a tension straightening air cushion annealing furnace, wherein the annealing temperature is 445 ℃, the annealing speed is 38m/min, and the unit tension of the straightening tension of the copper strip in the air cushion furnace is controlled to be 220N/mm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And cutting the width to obtain the copper alloy strip.
The copper alloy strip is prepared into a copper alloy pipe (a thermal welded pipe) by the following method:
and forming the slit copper strip into a copper pipe through 24 sets of special-shaped rollers. The formed copper pipe passes through a high-frequency welder, the welding voltage is 220V, the frequency is 30000HZ, the power is 1200W, and the welding speed is 145m/min. And (3) carrying out on-line tinning on the formed and welded copper pipe at the tinning speed of 145m/min, wherein the pure tin liquid temperature of a tinning tank is 410 ℃, and the length of the tin liquid tank is 680mm. And (5) cutting to length.
Comparative example 1
The preparation process was the same as in example 1 for a copper alloy strip with a wall thickness of 0.075mm without the addition of P, with the aim of comparing the effect of the element P.
Comparative example 2
The preparation process was the same as in example 1 for a copper alloy strip with a wall thickness of 0.075mm without Ag addition, in order to compare the elemental influence of Ag.
Comparative example 3
The preparation process was the same as in example 1 for a copper alloy strip with a wall thickness of 0.075mm without Ni addition, with the aim of comparing the Ni element effect.
Comparative example 4
The chemical composition of the copper alloy strip was identical to that of example 1, without the stress relief annealing step of 10) in the preparation process, and the remaining process steps were identical to those of example 1, with the aim of comparing the effect of the stress relief annealing process.
The properties of the copper alloy strips of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-4 and copper alloy tubes prepared therefrom were tested, respectively:
and (3) mechanical property detection: room temperature tensile test according to GB/T228.1-2010 metal material tensile test part 1: room temperature test method is tested on an electronic universal mechanical property tester, and a sample with a 20mm width and a 5mm/min stretching speed are adopted.
And (3) testing the size of metallographic structure grains, and testing the size of grains in a photograph acquired by a metallographic microscope, wherein the metallographic structure grains are 500 times as large as the size of grains in the photograph according to the intercept point method in GB/T6394-2007 method for measuring average grain size of metals. The sample had a width of 10mm and a length of 10mm. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 1
| Numbering device | Cu | Ag | Ni | P | Zn |
| Example 1 | 87.3 | 0.148 | 0.45 | 0.024 | Allowance of |
| Example 2 | 87.5 | 0.125 | 0.5 | 0.025 | Allowance of |
| Example 3 | 87.7 | 0.12 | 0.53 | 0.027 | Allowance of |
| Example 4 | 87.9 | 0.115 | 0.57 | 0.028 | Allowance of |
| Comparative example 1 | 87.3 | 0.148 | 0.45 | — | Allowance of |
| Comparative example 2 | 87.3 | — | 0.45 | 0.024 | Allowance of |
| Comparative example 3 | 87.3 | 0.148 | — | 0.024 | Allowance of |
| Comparative example 4 | 87.3 | 0.148 | 0.45 | 0.024 | Allowance of |
TABLE 2
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the embodiments and scope of the present invention, and it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that equivalent substitutions and obvious variations may be made using the teachings of the present invention, and all such variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The copper alloy strip is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 87 to 88 weight percent of Cu, 0.1 to 0.15 weight percent of Ag, 0.4 to 0.6 weight percent of Ni, 0.02 to 0.03 weight percent of P, and the balance of Zn and unavoidable trace impurities.
2. The preparation method of the copper alloy strip is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, batching and smelting: weighing according to the component proportion of the copper alloy, adding Cu, zn, ni, ag into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, adding calcined charcoal for covering after the copper liquid is melted, then controlling the temperature of the copper liquid to 1150-1200 ℃, adding Cu-P alloy according to the alloy proportion, heating the copper liquid to 1200-1250 ℃ after all the Cu-P alloy is melted in the copper liquid, carrying out slag dragging after heat preservation for 20-30 minutes, adding a covering agent for covering after slag dragging is finished, and carrying out heat preservation until casting begins;
step two, semi-continuous casting: the ingot casting adopts the red ingot casting technology, and the crystallizer cooling adopts primary cooling water cooling;
step three, hot rolling and online solid solution;
milling a surface, rough rolling and trimming;
step five, softening, annealing and cleaning;
step six, rolling the intermediate material;
step seven, high-temperature solid solution;
step eight, finish rolling;
step nine, aging treatment: heating to 300-320 deg.c for 1-2 hr, heating to 420-440 deg.c for 4-6 hr, cooling to below 65 deg.c and discharging;
step ten, rolling a finished product, bending and straightening, stress relief annealing and width cutting to obtain the copper alloy strip; wherein the stress relief annealing adopts a tension straightening air cushion annealing furnace, the annealing temperature is 440-460 ℃, the annealing speed is 30-40m/min, and the unit tension of the straightening tension of the copper strip in the air cushion furnace is controlled to be 200-300N/mm 2 。
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein in the first step, the covering agent is cryolite+sodium carbonate in a weight ratio of 1:1.
4. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the second step is specifically: the temperature of the copper liquid is controlled to 1220-1240 ℃, then cooling water is opened, at the moment, the water pressure is controlled to 80-100 Kpa, then a stopper rod is rotated, when the copper liquid in the crystallizer reaches about two thirds of the crystallizer, a tractor is started, the casting operation is started at 30-40 mm/min, the vibration is started, the frequency of the vibrator is 70-100 times/min, the amplitude is 2-3 mm, and a powdery melting covering agent is added into the crystallizer and uniformly sprayed on the copper liquid surface, so that a thinner melting covering agent layer covers the liquid surface in the crystallizer.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the second step, the molten covering agent is cryolite, anhydrous borax and sodium carbonate in a weight ratio of 1:1:1; the water inlet temperature of the primary cooling water is 26-29 ℃, the water outlet temperature is controlled at 45-50 ℃, and the flow is 10-15m 3 /h; before the ingot is cooled to below 85 ℃, the surface of the ingot is directly contacted with water, so that the ingot is prevented from cracking during hot rolling; the size of the cast ingot is 620+/-5 mm wide and 230+/-3 mm thick.
6. The method according to claim 2, wherein in the fourth step, the single-sided milling amount is 0.6-0.8 m; the processing rate of rough rolling reaches 90-98%; the unilateral shearing is 7-8 mm, and the bandwidth after shearing is 640+/-0.5 mm.
7. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein in the third step, the heating temperature of the cast ingot is 860 ℃ to 900 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3 to 4 hours, the hot rolling starting temperature is 840 ℃ to 860 ℃, the intermediate rolling temperature is controlled to 360 ℃ to 420 ℃, the hot rolling processing rate is 92 to 96%, the thickness after hot rolling is 15+/-0.5 mm, and the bandwidth is 655+/-5 mm; the fifth step is specifically that the softening annealing is as follows: heating to 320-350 deg.C, holding for 1-2 hr, heating to 460-480 deg.C, holding for 4-6 hr, and annealing with full H 2 And (5) gas reduction protection.
8. The method according to claim 2, wherein in the sixth step, the intermediate processing rate of intermediate rolling is 65-85%; in the step eight, the finish rolling processing rate is 70-85%The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The seventh step, the high temperature solid solution is specifically: the annealing temperature is 600-650 ℃, the annealing speed is 30-40m/min, and the protective gas contains H 2 Nitrogen in an amount of 2-4%.
9. The method according to claim 2, wherein in the step ten, the processing rate of the finished product rolling is 10-20%, the special roller is ground by a 400-mesh ceramic grinding wheel, and the roller surface roughness Ra is controlled to be 0.040-0.05 μm; and controlling the straightened plate form within 5I.
10. Use of a copper alloy strip according to claim 1 for the production of a thermowelded tube, comprising the steps of: forming the slit copper strip into a copper pipe through 24 sets of special-shaped rollers; the formed copper pipe passes through a high-frequency welder, the welding voltage is 220V, the frequency is 30000HZ, the power is 1000-3000W, and the welding speed is 100-150m/min; immersing the formed and welded copper pipe in a liquid pure tin bath for online tin plating, wherein the tin plating speed is 100-150m/min, the pure tin bath temperature of the tin bath is 400-430 ℃, and the length of the tin bath is 600-800mm; and (5) cutting to length.
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