CN116131388A - Lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to communication base station - Google Patents

Lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to communication base station Download PDF

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CN116131388A
CN116131388A CN202211661716.7A CN202211661716A CN116131388A CN 116131388 A CN116131388 A CN 116131388A CN 202211661716 A CN202211661716 A CN 202211661716A CN 116131388 A CN116131388 A CN 116131388A
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circuit
communication
base station
management system
iron phosphate
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彭建华
潘继雄
周幼华
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Shenzhen Yujiaocheng Technology Co ltd
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Shenzhen Yujiaocheng Technology Co ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11C—STATIC STORES
    • G11C11/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor
    • G11C11/21—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements
    • G11C11/22—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using ferroelectric elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q1/00—Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
    • H04Q1/02—Constructional details
    • H04Q1/03—Power distribution arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Telephone Function (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a communication base station, which comprises a microcontroller (CPU), an Analog Front End (AFE), a software downloading circuit, a power supply conversion circuit, a real-time clock (RTC), an address dialing circuit, an electric quantity display circuit, a CAN communication circuit, an RS485 communication circuit, a switch control circuit, a ferroelectric memory (FRAM), a fault detection circuit, a current acquisition circuit and an interface circuit.

Description

Lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to communication base station
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of new energy and the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a communication base station.
Background
Before the day, china telecom, china Unicom announced that 5G new call ultra-clear video voice call service (VoNR) will be opened in more than 100 main cities, china Mobile also indicated that VoNR will be tried. The public data show that 155.9 thousands of 5G base stations are built up in China at present, and the 5G network covers all local cities and county urban areas of the whole country. The 5G is accompanied by market demands of high bandwidth, high speed, low time delay and large connection capacity, the electric energy consumption of the 5G base station is almost 2 to 3 times that of the 4G base station, and the excellent characteristics of high energy, long service life, low cost and high safety of the lithium iron phosphate battery are in line with the demands, so that the lithium iron phosphate battery is widely used as a standby power supply of the base station instead of a lead-acid storage battery, emergency power supply is provided when alternating current mains supply is powered down, and the uninterrupted power supply of a machine room load is ensured.
Fig. 1 is a typical topology structure diagram of a power supply system of a communication base station, wherein the structure comes from a communication industry standard of 'YDB 032-2009' back-up lithium ion battery pack for communication, and the structure mainly comprises alternating current commercial power, a rectifying module, a battery pack module, a Battery Management System (BMS) and a load, wherein the battery pack module is composed of 15-16 strings of lithium iron phosphate batteries to form a direct current bus of-48V, the battery capacity is determined according to the total power consumption and standby time of the base station, and the main stream is configured with 50Ah/100Ah/200Ah/300Ah and the like; the BMS is used for sampling external characteristic parameters such as voltage, current and temperature of the battery in real time, estimating and monitoring internal states such as residual capacity (SOC), health condition (SOH) and power bearing capacity (SOP) of the battery through a proper software algorithm, and performing effective operations such as heat management, charge and discharge management, leakage monitoring and fault alarming after the state of the battery is correctly acquired, so that the battery is protected from being damaged.
However, the existing Battery Management System (BMS) of the current 5G base station only realizes the basic function of battery protection, and cannot meet the complex functional requirements of the intelligent new energy saving management and energy storage system of the current 5G base station, such as high-precision data acquisition, balanced management, fault report and historical data record, and compatibility of interactive communication, if the problems are not solved, the response speed of the base station and the uninterrupted switching function of the standby power supply are affected, even when the battery is abnormal, the fault cannot be located and detected, and the play of the standby power supply protection and power supply function of the base station is seriously interfered.
In view of this, the present application provides a base station battery management system with high-precision data acquisition capability, capable of effectively and uniformly managing battery consistency, and having functions of fault reporting and historical data recording, and being compatible with a plurality of communication protocols.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a communication base station, and aims to solve the technical problem that the existing battery management system of the current 5G base station can only realize the basic protection function of a battery and cannot meet the complex functional requirements of the intelligent new energy saving management and energy storage system of the current 5G base station.
In order to achieve the above object, the lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a communication base station provided by the invention comprises a microcontroller (CPU), an Analog Front End (AFE), a software download circuit, a power conversion circuit, a real-time clock (RTC), an address dial circuit, an electric quantity display circuit, a CAN communication circuit, an RS485 communication circuit, a switch control circuit, a ferroelectric memory (FRAM), a fault detection circuit, a current acquisition circuit and an interface circuit, wherein the Analog Front End (AFE), the software download circuit, the power conversion circuit, the real-time clock (RTC), the address dial circuit, the electric quantity display circuit, the CAN communication circuit, the RS485 communication circuit, the switch control circuit, the ferroelectric memory (FRAM), the fault detection circuit, the current acquisition circuit and the interface circuit are electrically connected with the microcontroller (CPU), respectively, and the Analog Front End (AFE) comprises a voltage acquisition circuit, a temperature acquisition circuit and an equalization management circuit; the power supply conversion circuit is used for collecting the total voltage of the battery and converting the total voltage into the power supply voltage required by each part of functional circuits; the current acquisition circuit is used for sampling charge and discharge currents; the CAN communication circuit is used for the communication between the BMS and the inverter; the RS485 communication circuit is used for cascade communication among BMSs; the ferroelectric memory (FRAM) is used for storing fault reports, event sequence records and real-time battery telemetry data and relay switch states, so that abnormal power-down caused by BMS can be analyzed afterwards.
Preferably, the microcontroller (CPU) employs an STM32F103VCT6 microcontroller chip.
Preferably, the Analog Front End (AFE) employs a BQ76PL455-Q1 chip.
Preferably, the Real Time Clock (RTC) further comprises a CR1220 button cell, and the CR1220 button cell is electrically connected with the Real Time Clock (RTC).
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the base station battery management system, the high-reliability microprocessor and the high-precision analog front end chip are adopted, so that the data acquisition precision and the operation processing capacity are improved, and the overall consistency of the battery is ensured by optimizing a battery balance management algorithm;
2. the base station battery management system provided by the invention supports the functions of fault report and historical data record, and the real-time clock function with the button battery is added through the external expansion capacity ferroelectric memory, so that the base station standby power supply can store a large amount of historical data and real-time data, and can rapidly and accurately perform fault location and investigation when the battery is abnormal;
3. the base station battery management system provided by the invention supports the communication protocols of the CAN bus and the RS485 bus, CAN be interconnected and communicated with other equipment of the base station and the movable ring monitoring system, and ensures the full play of the standby power supply and the power supply protection function.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical topology of a power supply system for a communication base station;
fig. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram of a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a communication base station according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a microcontroller (CPU) circuit of a lithium iron phosphate battery management system for a communication base station according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a main chip portion of an Analog Front End (AFE) of a lithium iron phosphate battery management system for a communication base station according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit of an Analog Front End (AFE) voltage regulating power supply portion of a lithium iron phosphate battery management system for a communication base station according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a circuit for fault feedback and wake-up activation in an Analog Front End (AFE) of a lithium iron phosphate battery management system for a communication base station according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a communication control part of an Analog Front End (AFE) of a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a communication base station according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of an NTC temperature sensing part of an Analog Front End (AFE) of a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a communication base station according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a battery equalization part of an Analog Front End (AFE) of a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a communication base station according to the present invention;
fig. 10 is a flowchart of a battery equalization management software algorithm of an Analog Front End (AFE) of a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a communication base station according to the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a power conversion circuit of a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a communication base station according to the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a current collection circuit of a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a communication base station according to the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a CAN communication circuit and an RS485 communication circuit of a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a communication base station according to the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a ferroelectric memory circuit of a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a communication base station according to the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an address dialing circuit and a Real Time Clock (RTC) of a lithium iron phosphate battery management system for a communication base station according to the present invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a software download circuit of a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a communication base station according to the present invention;
fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of an electric quantity display circuit of a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a communication base station according to the present invention;
fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of an interface circuit of a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a communication base station according to the present invention.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present invention are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a particular posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the particular posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
The invention provides a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a communication base station.
As shown in fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, the lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a communication base station includes a microcontroller (CPU) 101, an Analog Front End (AFE) 102, a software download circuit 103, a power conversion circuit 104, a Real Time Clock (RTC) 105, an address dial circuit 106, a power display circuit 107, a CAN communication circuit 108, an RS485 communication circuit 109, a switch control circuit 110, a ferroelectric memory (FRAM) 111, a fault detection circuit 112, a current acquisition circuit 113, and an interface circuit 114, where the Analog Front End (AFE), the software download circuit, the power conversion circuit, the Real Time Clock (RTC), the address dial circuit, the power display circuit, the CAN communication circuit, the RS485 communication circuit, the switch control circuit, the ferroelectric memory (FRAM), the fault detection circuit, the current acquisition circuit, and the interface circuit are electrically connected to the microcontroller (CPU), and the Analog Front End (AFE) 102 includes a voltage acquisition circuit 1021, a temperature acquisition circuit 1022, and an equalization management circuit 1023, where the Analog Front End (AFE) is used for monitoring the voltage and the temperature of a battery in real time; the power supply conversion circuit is used for collecting the total voltage of the battery and converting the total voltage into the power supply voltage required by each part of functional circuits; the current acquisition circuit is used for sampling charge and discharge currents; the CAN communication circuit is used for the communication between the BMS and the inverter; the RS485 communication circuit is used for cascade communication among BMSs; the ferroelectric memory (FRAM) is used for storing fault reports, event sequence records and real-time battery telemetry data and relay switch states, so that abnormal power-down caused by BMS can be analyzed afterwards.
The working principle of each part of functional circuit is specifically described as follows:
(1) Microcontroller (CPU)
In order to meet the requirements of core algorithms such as high-speed data processing and SOC, SOH, SOP, the method is selected, the semiconductor is based on a 32-bit ARM microcontroller STM32F103VCT6 of a Cortex-M3 kernel, the CPU runs with a main frequency up to 72MHz, 2 12-bit AD converters are embedded, the method can be used for analog sampling of charge and discharge current, the AD converters do not need to be externally expanded, and the hardware cost is greatly saved; meanwhile, the communication interfaces such as SPI, I2C, USART, CAN and the like are included, so that the memory chip and the AFE chip CAN be conveniently connected and controlled, and the communication functions of an RS485 bus and a CAN bus are supported; the CPU internally contains a FLASH memory space with 256K bytes, which can be divided into a boot loader (BootLoader) program area, a logic application program area and a bottom layer driver area, and all the partial programs are organically combined to work cooperatively; in addition, the CPU also supports various power saving modes, allows the design of low-power consumption application, can reduce the system power consumption to the greatest extent, prolongs the standby time of the battery, and has a CPU circuit shown in figure 3.
(2) Analog Front End (AFE)
The voltage and the temperature of the battery are external manifestations of the electrochemical reaction inside the battery, and the real-time monitoring of the voltage and the temperature can ensure that the battery is in a safe state without runaway. The invention selects a BQ76PL455-Q1 chip of a highly reliable integrated battery monitoring and protecting device of TI company, the AFE chip can collect 16 battery voltages and 8 NTC temperature sensations, and simultaneously, 6 GPIO ports are also included as digital input and address coding for use, and can communicate with a host through an asynchronous serial communication interface (UART). The AD converter in the AFE chip has 14-bit resolution, the analog reference level is 5V, and the minimum identifiable voltage unit is 0.3mV, so that high-precision data acquisition can be provided, and specific circuits are shown in figures 4-9.
FIG. 4 is a main chip portion of an analog front end circuit, which is the main body for implementing battery voltage and temperature sampling; FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an analog front end circuit voltage regulation circuit, typically a series feedback voltage regulator circuit, for converting the total battery voltage to a 5V analog power supply and a 5V digital power supply required inside the AFE chip, for providing reference levels and power supply for the internal AD converter and digital input circuits; FIG. 6 shows an analog front end circuit FAULT feedback and wake-up section, which outputs a low level through the FAULT pin FAULT_N when the AFE chip has voltage, temperature sampling errors or self-test failure, and transmits the low level to the CPU through the optocoupler circuit; when the AFE chip is required to be shut down or reset, the wake-up pin WAKEUP is set to be low level, otherwise, the AFE chip can be activated to be in a normal working state, and the working state of the AFE chip can be controlled by a CPU; FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an analog front end circuit communication control portion, wherein the timing control logic and data reading of the AFE chip require a CPU to operate, the CPU communicates with the AFE chip through a UART interface, and all the communication and control with the AFE chip require a magnetic or optical isolator because the battery belongs to a high voltage portion; FIG. 8 shows an analog front end circuit NTC temperature sensing portion, wherein an AFE chip can provide 8 NTC temperature sensing sampling channels at most; FIG. 9 shows a battery equalization part of an analog front-end circuit, an AFE chip provides a driving function of an MOS tube, and a passive equalization circuit of a battery can be formed by connecting an appropriate MOS tube, the invention selects an NMOS tube 2V7002KT1G, the drain-source current capacity is 380mA, the equalization resistor selects 33 omega, the maximum equalization current can reach 110mA, and good battery consistency can be achieved by optimizing an equalization algorithm, and the equalization algorithm flow adopted by the invention is shown in FIG. 10, so that the battery pressure difference can be controlled within 10 mV.
(3) Power supply conversion circuit
The base station battery management system provided by the invention does not need an external power supply, but takes power from the total voltage of the acquired battery, converts the power into power supply voltage required by each part of functional circuits through a DC/DC switching power supply chip and a linear voltage regulating circuit, for example, the power supply voltage is supplied to a CPU chip by digital 3.3V, the power supply voltage is supplied to an operational amplifier regulating circuit by analog 3.3V, the power supply voltage is supplied to a charge-discharge MOS switching tube by 15V, the power supply voltage is supplied to a CAN bus and an RS485 bus communication isolation power supply by 5V, the power supply voltage is used as a reference level of AD conversion, and a power supply converting circuit is shown in figure 11.
(4) Current acquisition circuit
The invention selects single power supply operational amplifier ISL28133FHZ-T7 with micro power consumption, low offset voltage, low bias current and low temperature drift to form a current sampling amplifying circuit, when current passes through an MOS switch tube array, drain-source on-state resistance Rds (on) of the MOS switch tube converts a current signal into a voltage signal, and the voltage signal enters an AD converter in a CPU to carry out analog-to-digital conversion after passing through an amplifying conditioning circuit.
(5) CAN communication circuit and RS485 communication circuit
The CAN communication circuit and the RS485 communication circuit are electrically isolated by adopting a magnetic coupling isolation chip ADUM1201ARZ as shown in figure 13, so that the interference of external circuits and signals on communication is prevented. The CAN bus is used for communication between the BMS and the inverter, and the RS485 bus is used for cascade communication between the BMS, so that compatibility requirements of base station interaction communication are met.
(6) Ferroelectric memory (FRAM)
The inventive flash memory, the circuit of which is shown in fig. 14, has two functions: first, a fault report and an event sequence record are stored. The fault report refers to an abnormality of the battery condition, such as a single under-voltage alarm or trip, an over-temperature alarm or trip, a communication abnormality, a fixed value/configuration check abnormality, and the like, of the base station apparatus; the event sequence record (SOE) refers to that when the base station equipment or the device is subjected to remote signaling deflection such as switch deflection, the BMS automatically records deflection time, deflection reason and corresponding telemetry values (such as corresponding battery voltage, charge-discharge current, temperature and the like) when the switch trips, so as to form the SOE record for later analysis, and the fault report and SOE storage format are shown in the table 1; and secondly, storing real-time battery telemetry data and relay switch states, so as to be convenient for analyzing the abnormal power down of the BMS after the fact of reasons.
The ferroelectric memory has the characteristics of no loss of power-down data and no limit of times of reading and writing, and is very suitable for occasions with frequent reading and writing. The BMS stores data information of three aspects of fault report, event sequence record and real-time data, the ferroelectric storage area is divided into 3 blocks, the data of the three aspects are stored respectively, and after each block of data is full, the data is transferred to the FLASH area of the CPU, so that frequent operation on the FLASH area of the microprocessor is avoided, and the data reliability and the service life of the CPU are ensured.
Table 1 fault report and SOE storage format
Figure BDA0004008763320000081
Figure BDA0004008763320000091
(7) Address code dialing circuit and real-time clock
According to the planning of the total power consumption and standby time of the base station, in practical application, multiple groups of standby power supplies may need to be adopted to expand the battery capacity in a parallel connection mode, so that each group of standby power supplies needs to have an independent address so as to be distinguished during communication, and the address is realized in a dial-up mode by a dial-up switch; in addition, in order to facilitate fault analysis, query data in real time and record related events, the BMS needs to have a function of a real-time clock (RTC), and the 3V button battery CR1220 is adopted to supply power to the RTC, so that the RTC can continue to work when the system is powered down, time is not lost, and the circuit is shown in fig. 15.
(8) Software download circuit
The BMS of the base station provided by the invention is compatible with two software upgrading modes, can download programs on line through a JTAG debugging port, can download programs through a serial port UART, is convenient and quick, and has a circuit shown in FIG. 16.
(9) Electric quantity display circuit
The base station BMS provided by the invention calculates the SOC by adopting an ampere-hour integration method and an OCV voltage correction method, the display of the SOC electric quantity is marked by using a scale bar formed by 4-bit light emitting diodes, and in addition, a fault alarm indicator lamp and an operation indicator lamp are used for displaying the state of the BMS, and a circuit is shown in figure 17.
(10) Interface circuit
The base station BMS provided by the invention adopts the Ethernet RJ45 connector as a physical interface of the up-down cascade of the standby power supply, has good shielding effect on a CAN bus and an RS485 bus of differential communication, has strong anti-interference capability and is convenient to link; the battery voltage and temperature acquisition port adopts an automobile-level JAE connector, so that the connection is firm, the connection is powerful, and the circuit is shown in figure 18.
Specifically, the invention provides a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a communication base station, which aims at the defect that the existing battery management system of a 5G base station can only realize basic protection function of a battery and cannot meet the complex functional requirements of the intelligent new energy saving management and energy storage system of the current 5G base station. In addition, the base station BMS provided by the invention supports fault reporting and historical data recording functions, and the real-time clock function with the button battery is added through the external expansion capacity ferroelectric memory, so that the base station standby power supply can store a large amount of historical data and real-time data, can rapidly and accurately perform fault positioning and checking when the battery is abnormal, supports various communication protocols, has wide compatibility, can meet the complex use requirement of the base station, and has higher market popularization value.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by the description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system for the communication base station is characterized by comprising a microcontroller (CPU), an Analog Front End (AFE), a software downloading circuit, a power supply conversion circuit, a real-time clock (RTC), an address dial circuit, an electric quantity display circuit, a CAN communication circuit, an RS485 communication circuit, a switch control circuit, a ferroelectric memory (FRAM), a fault detection circuit, a current acquisition circuit and an interface circuit, wherein the Analog Front End (AFE), the software downloading circuit, the power supply conversion circuit, the real-time clock (RTC), the address dial circuit, the electric quantity display circuit, the CAN communication circuit, the RS485 communication circuit, the switch control circuit, the ferroelectric memory (FRAM), the fault detection circuit, the current acquisition circuit and the interface circuit are respectively electrically connected with the microcontroller (CPU), and the Analog Front End (AFE) comprises a voltage acquisition circuit, a temperature acquisition circuit and an equalization management circuit; the power supply conversion circuit is used for collecting the total voltage of the battery and converting the total voltage into the power supply voltage required by each part of functional circuits; the current acquisition circuit is used for sampling charge and discharge currents; the CAN communication circuit is used for the communication between the BMS and the inverter; the RS485 communication circuit is used for cascade communication among BMSs; the ferroelectric memory (FRAM) is used for storing fault reports, event sequence records and real-time battery telemetry data and relay switch states, so that abnormal power-down caused by BMS can be analyzed afterwards.
2. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system for use in a communication base station according to claim 1, wherein the microcontroller (CPU) employs an STM32F103VCT6 microcontroller chip.
3. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system for use in a communication base station of claim 1, wherein the Analog Front End (AFE) employs a BQ76PL455-Q1 chip.
4. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system for a communication base station of claim 1, wherein the Real Time Clock (RTC) further comprises a CR1220 button battery, the CR1220 button battery being electrically connected to the Real Time Clock (RTC).
CN202211661716.7A 2022-12-20 2022-12-20 Lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to communication base station Pending CN116131388A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117559016A (en) * 2023-12-28 2024-02-13 黑龙江瑞兴科技股份有限公司 Intelligent battery management system and battery management method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117559016A (en) * 2023-12-28 2024-02-13 黑龙江瑞兴科技股份有限公司 Intelligent battery management system and battery management method
CN117559016B (en) * 2023-12-28 2024-04-05 黑龙江瑞兴科技股份有限公司 Intelligent battery management system and battery management method

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