CN116125352A - Method and system for measuring charge integration through loop noise elimination method - Google Patents
Method and system for measuring charge integration through loop noise elimination method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116125352A CN116125352A CN202210976565.8A CN202210976565A CN116125352A CN 116125352 A CN116125352 A CN 116125352A CN 202210976565 A CN202210976565 A CN 202210976565A CN 116125352 A CN116125352 A CN 116125352A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/005—Calibrating; Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden" references
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/24—Arrangements for measuring quantities of charge
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The application discloses a method and a system for measuring charge integration by a loop noise elimination method. Wherein the method comprises the following steps: time constant RC of judging circuit 0 Whether or not it is smaller than the pulse rise time t r The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If RC 0 Less than the pulse rise time t r Measuring the integral of the charge quantity by a loop noise elimination method, and eliminating the influence of the randomness of the unsmooth waveform of the pulse voltage by adopting a moving average; if RC 0 Not less than the pulse rise time t r The measurement charge integration is exited.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to a method and a system for measuring an integral of an electric charge by a loop noise cancellation method, and more particularly to a method and a system for measuring an integral of an electric charge by a loop noise cancellation method.
Background
The object to be measured by the pulse current method partial discharge tester is the amplitude of the spectral line of the near zero frequency section in the frequency band of the partial discharge signal, the working principle is that a section with lower frequency is filtered out from the signal with the bandwidth reaching several MHz, and the frequency domain of the partial discharge pulse is expressed as follows:the charge amount is->The measured signal amplitude is compared with the self-calibration signal amplitude and calculated through measuring the signal amplitude, so that the charge quantity of the local television is determined.
The pulse current method partial discharge tester comprises accessories such as detection impedance, calibration pulse generator and the like, and is required to be matched for use in measuring partial discharge. The partial discharge meter measures the apparent charge in the loop rather than the actual charge, and the calibration pulse generator outputs the actual charge, which is used to calibrate the partial discharge measurement loop. Therefore, whether the amount of charge output by the calibration pulse generator is accurate or not is related to the accuracy of the measurement result of the partial discharge meter.
For actual charge measurement of the calibration pulse generator, the conventional technical route has 2: firstly, carrying out integral calibration according to the definition of the charge quantity, namely the charge quantity is the integral of current and time; and secondly, performing split calibration on 2 types of elements, namely the step voltage and the dividing capacitance, based on q=UC. How to accurately measure the amount of charge output by the calibration pulse generator is a critical issue to be addressed.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a method and a system for measuring the integral of the electric charge quantity by a loop noise elimination method, so as to at least solve the technical problem of how to accurately measure the electric charge quantity output by a calibration pulse generator in the prior art.
According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of measuring integration of charge amount by loop noise cancellation, including: time constant RC of judging circuit 0 Whether or not it is smaller than the pulse rise time t r The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If RC 0 Less than the pulse rise time t r Measuring the integral of the charge quantity by a loop noise elimination method, and eliminating the influence of the randomness of the unsmooth waveform of the pulse voltage by adopting a moving average; if RC 0 Not less than the pulse rise time t r The measurement charge integration is exited.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is also provided a system for measuring integration of charge amount by loop noise cancellation, including: a judging module for judging the time constant RC of the circuit 0 Whether or not it is smaller than the pulse rise time t r The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Module for measuring charge quantity, for if RC 0 Less than the pulse rise time t r Measuring the integral of the charge quantity by a loop noise elimination method, and eliminating the influence of the randomness of the unsmooth waveform of the pulse voltage by adopting a moving average; exit the measurement module for if RC 0 Not less than the pulse rise time t r The measurement charge integration is exited.
In the invention, a charge quantity integral measurement technology based on a loop noise elimination method is adopted. Prior to integrating the charge amount: firstly, moving average is carried out on the pulse voltage to reduce the influence of random errors, so that the pulse waveform tends to be smooth; the stored noise voltage waveform is the same time scale as the measured pulse voltage waveform; the pulse voltage waveform is subtracted from the noise voltage waveform and then integrated, so that the influence of systematic errors introduced by each noise element is eliminated or reduced.
For the actual electric charge quantity output by the calibration pulse generator for calibrating the partial discharge measuring loop, the integral measuring technology of the electric charge quantity is optimized from the definition of the electric charge quantity, so that the high-accuracy measurement of the electric charge quantity of the calibration pulse generator is realized. The problems of measurement misalignment of the measured signal caused by noise formed by a large amount of influence of a measurement loop and a complex distributed parameter coupling mechanism are solved. The final purpose of realizing accurate measurement of the charge quantity of the Calibration pulse generator is to enable the partial discharge measurement loop to be accurately calibrated (calization), so that the accuracy and reliability of the measurement data of the partial discharge meter are ensured.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and do not constitute an undue limitation on the disclosure. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram for implementing a method for measuring charge integration by loop noise cancellation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for measuring integration of charge by loop noise cancellation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the examples described herein, which are provided to fully and completely disclose the present invention and fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In the drawings, like elements/components are referred to by like reference numerals.
Unless otherwise indicated, terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, it will be understood that terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.
According to a first aspect of the present application, a method 100 of measuring integration of charge by loop noise cancellation is provided. Referring to fig. 1, the method 100 includes:
time constant RC of judging circuit 0 Whether or not it is smaller than the pulse rise time t r ;
If RC 0 Less than the pulse rise time t r Measuring the integral of the charge quantity by a loop noise elimination method, and eliminating the influence of the randomness of the unsmooth waveform of the pulse voltage by adopting a moving average;
if RC 0 Not less than the pulse rise time t r The measurement charge integration is exited.
Specifically, (1) the pulse voltage is first moving averaged to reduce the effect of random errors before integrating the charge amount, so that the pulse waveform tends to be smooth.
Since the calibration is more sensitive to effects on ground, shielding, distribution parameters, etc. when performed with a small amount of charge, noise cancellation that introduces these factors needs to be considered. The loop noise is mainly processed by the following measures. First judge RC 0 Whether or not it is smaller than the pulse rise time t r And if the measurement is satisfied, carrying out loop noise elimination method charge integration measurement. Aiming at the problem that the pulse voltage waveform is not smooth and has certain randomness, the influence of randomness is eliminated by adopting moving average.
I.e.
u (t) -pulse voltage waveform data;
U t (t) -moving the averaged processed pulse voltage waveform data;
n-number of items for Mobile assessment
The effective use of moving averages depends on a reasonable choice of sampling points and the number of averaging terms. In terms of the number of points, since the pulse rise time is specified to be not more than 60ns in many partial discharge standards, the analog bandwidth of an oscilloscope-like instrument measuring the pulse is preferably not less than 100MHz. The acquired pulse shape should be complete and possess sufficient time domain resolution to reduce the effect of random errors using appropriate data processing algorithms, the moving average of which is one of the usual algorithms. Data processing algorithms that can achieve the objective of reducing random errors include, but are not limited to, the moving average algorithm described herein. In the one-time moving average algorithm of the present invention, the larger the number N of terms on average, the stronger the smoothing effect of the moving average. Therefore, if the influence of irregular variation in the time sequence is large, N is larger to obtain a robust predicted value; conversely, if the influence of irregular variations is small, N is smaller in order to make the predicted value respond to the change of the phenomenon more quickly.
(2) The stored noise voltage waveform is the same time scale as the measured pulse voltage waveform;
in order to effectively eliminate the noise voltage by the measured voltage, the invention uses an oscilloscope instrument, so that the noise voltage waveform and the measured pulse voltage waveform are required to have the same time scale. The implementation method is as follows: and connecting the calibration pulse generator and an oscilloscope instrument, opening a charge quantity output switch of the pulse generator, and adjusting parameters such as proper charge quantity, polarity, repetition rate and the like. A complete pulse voltage waveform is acquired with an oscilloscope-like instrument and has appropriate horizontal and vertical scales. In the condition of keeping the scale gear unchangedThe pulse generator charge quantity output switch is turned off, the wave instrument displays the noise of the measuring loop, and the noise signal U is stored noise 。
(3) The pulse voltage waveform is subtracted from the noise voltage waveform and then integrated, so that the influence of systematic errors introduced by each noise element is eliminated.
The charge is the integral of current over time, as defined by the amount of charge. The pulse voltage waveform is subtracted from the noise voltage waveform and then integrated, so that the influence of systematic errors introduced by each noise element is eliminated.
q-the amount of charge;
i (t) -the current pulse generated by the calibrator;
r is a standard resistor;
U t (t) -moving the averaged processed pulse voltage waveform data;
U noise -calibrating the noise voltage of the loop.
A standard resistor is adopted to convert the pulse current into pulse voltage so that an oscilloscope-like instrument can accurately measure the voltage value. The standard resistance value is selected in consideration of reducing pulse waveform oscillation caused by resistance as much as possible; and the resistance is not too large, which would lead to a longer pulse decay time, thus amplifying the integration error.
Thus, a charge amount integral measurement technique based on loop noise cancellation is provided. Prior to integrating the charge amount: firstly, moving average is carried out on the pulse voltage to reduce the influence of random errors, so that the pulse waveform tends to be smooth; the stored noise voltage waveform is the same time scale as the measured pulse voltage waveform; the pulse voltage waveform is subtracted from the noise voltage waveform and then integrated, so that the influence of systematic errors introduced by each noise element is eliminated or reduced.
For the actual electric charge quantity output by the calibration pulse generator for calibrating the partial discharge measuring loop, the integral measuring technology of the electric charge quantity is optimized from the definition of the electric charge quantity, so that the high-accuracy measurement of the electric charge quantity of the calibration pulse generator is realized. The problems of measurement misalignment of the measured signal caused by noise formed by a large amount of influence of a measurement loop and a complex distributed parameter coupling mechanism are solved. The final purpose of realizing accurate measurement of the charge quantity of the Calibration pulse generator is to enable the partial discharge measurement loop to be accurately calibrated (calization), so that the accuracy and reliability of the measurement data of the partial discharge meter are ensured.
Optionally, removing the stochastic effect of pulse voltage waveform non-smoothing using moving averages includes: the stochastic effect of pulse voltage waveform non-smoothing is eliminated using moving averages according to the following formula:
wherein u is t As pulse voltage waveform data, U t The pulse voltage waveform data after the moving average processing is represented by N, which is the number of terms of the moving evaluation.
Alternatively, if RC 0 Less than the pulse rise time t r Measuring the integral of the charge amount by loop noise cancellation, comprising: the time scale of the determined noise voltage waveform is the same as the time scale of the measured pulse voltage waveform.
Alternatively, if RC 0 Less than the pulse rise time t r Measuring the integral of the charge amount by loop noise cancellation, further comprising: connecting a calibration pulse generator and an oscilloscope instrument; adjusting charge quantity parameters, wherein the charge quantity parameters comprise charge quantity size, polarity and repetition rate; acquiring a pulse voltage waveform by using an oscilloscope-like instrument, and determining that the pulse voltage waveform has a certain horizontal scale and a certain vertical scale; under the condition of keeping the level scale and the vertical scale gear unchanged, a pulse generator charge quantity output switch is closed, and a noise voltage waveform signal U of a measuring loop displayed by a wave instrument is stored noise 。
Alternatively, if RC 0 Less than the pulse rise time t r Measuring charge by loop noise cancellationIntegration, further comprising: determining the pulse voltage waveform data Ut and the noise voltage waveform signal U after moving average processing noise Is a difference in (2); and (3) carrying out integral calculation on the difference value according to the following formula, and eliminating a system error introduced by a noise element:
wherein q is the charge quantity, i (t) is the current pulse generated by the calibrator, R is the standard resistor, U t (t) -moving the pulse voltage waveform data after the averaging process, U noise Is a noise voltage waveform signal.
In accordance with another aspect of the present application, a system 200 for measuring integration of charge by loop noise cancellation is also provided. Referring to fig. 2, the system 200 includes: a judging module 210 for judging the time constant RC of the circuit 0 Whether or not it is smaller than the pulse rise time t r The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the A charge amount measuring module 220 for measuring the charge amount of the capacitor 0 Less than the pulse rise time t r Measuring the integral of the charge quantity by a loop noise elimination method, and eliminating the influence of the randomness of the unsmooth waveform of the pulse voltage by adopting a moving average; exit the measurement module 230 for if RC 0 Not less than the pulse rise time t r The measurement charge integration is exited.
Optionally, the measuring charge amount module 220 includes: the randomness effect elimination sub-module is used for eliminating randomness effect of pulse voltage waveform non-smoothness by adopting moving average according to the following formula:
wherein u is t As pulse voltage waveform data, U t The pulse voltage waveform data after the moving average processing is represented by N, which is the number of terms of the moving evaluation.
Optionally, the measuring charge amount module 220 includes: the sub-module for determining the same time scale is used for determining that the time scale of the noise voltage waveform is the same as the time scale of the measured pulse voltage waveform.
Optionally, the charge amount measuring module 220 further includes: the connection submodule is used for connecting the calibration pulse generator and an oscilloscope instrument; the adjusting parameter submodule is used for adjusting the charge quantity parameters including the charge quantity size, the polarity and the repetition rate; the scale determining sub-module is used for acquiring pulse voltage waveforms by using an oscilloscope-like instrument and determining that the pulse voltage waveforms have certain horizontal scales and vertical scales; the storage noise voltage waveform submodule is used for closing the charge quantity output switch of the pulse generator under the condition of keeping the gear positions of the horizontal scale and the vertical scale unchanged and storing a noise voltage waveform signal U of a measuring loop displayed by a wave instrument noise 。
Optionally, the charge amount measurement module 220, further comprises: a difference determining sub-module for determining the pulse voltage waveform data Ut and the noise voltage waveform signal U after the moving average processing noise Is a difference in (2); the system error submodule is used for carrying out integral calculation on the difference value according to the following formula, and eliminating the system error introduced by the noise element:
wherein q is the charge quantity, i (t) is the current pulse generated by the calibrator, R is the standard resistor, U t (t) -moving the pulse voltage waveform data after the averaging process, U noise Is a noise voltage waveform signal.
A system 200 for measuring integration of charge by loop noise cancellation according to an embodiment of the present invention corresponds to a method 100 for measuring integration of charge by loop noise cancellation according to another embodiment of the present invention, and is not described herein.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein. The solutions in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented in various computer languages, for example, object-oriented programming language Java, and an transliterated scripting language JavaScript, etc.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present application without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims and the equivalents thereof, the present application is intended to cover such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A method of measuring integration of charge by loop noise cancellation, comprising:
time constant RC of judging circuit 0 Whether or not it is smaller than the pulse rise time t r ;
If RC 0 Less than the pulse rise time t r Measuring the integral of the charge quantity by a loop noise elimination method, and eliminating the influence of the randomness of the unsmooth waveform of the pulse voltage by adopting a moving average;
if RC 0 Not less than the pulse rise time t r The measurement charge integration is exited.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein removing the stochastic effects of pulse voltage waveform non-smoothing using moving averages comprises:
the stochastic effect of pulse voltage waveform non-smoothing is eliminated using moving averages according to the following formula:
wherein u is t As pulse voltage waveform data, U t The pulse voltage waveform data after the moving average processing is represented by N, which is the number of terms of the moving evaluation.
3. According to claim 1The method is characterized in that if RC 0 Less than the pulse rise time t r Measuring the integral of the charge amount by loop noise cancellation, comprising:
the time scale of the determined noise voltage waveform is the same as the time scale of the measured pulse voltage waveform.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein if RC 0 Less than the pulse rise time t r Measuring the integral of the charge amount by loop noise cancellation, further comprising:
connecting a calibration pulse generator and an oscilloscope instrument;
adjusting charge quantity parameters, wherein the charge quantity parameters comprise charge quantity size, polarity and repetition rate;
acquiring a pulse voltage waveform by using an oscilloscope-like instrument, and determining that the pulse voltage waveform has a certain horizontal scale and a certain vertical scale;
under the condition of keeping the level scale and the vertical scale gear unchanged, a pulse generator charge quantity output switch is closed, and a noise voltage waveform signal U of a measuring loop displayed by a wave instrument is stored noise 。
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein if RC 0 Less than the pulse rise time t r Measuring the integral of the charge amount by loop noise cancellation, further comprising:
determining the pulse voltage waveform data Ut and the noise voltage waveform signal U after moving average processing noise Is a difference in (2);
and (3) carrying out integral calculation on the difference value according to the following formula, and eliminating a system error introduced by a noise element:
wherein q is the charge quantity, i (t) is the current pulse generated by the calibrator, R is the standard resistor, U t (t) -moving average of the processed pulsesWaveform data of impulse voltage, U noise Is a noise voltage waveform signal.
6. A system for measuring integration of charge by loop noise cancellation, comprising:
a judging module for judging the time constant RC of the circuit 0 Whether or not it is smaller than the pulse rise time t r ;
Module for measuring charge quantity, for if RC 0 Less than the pulse rise time t r Measuring the integral of the charge quantity by a loop noise elimination method, and eliminating the influence of the randomness of the unsmooth waveform of the pulse voltage by adopting a moving average;
exit the measurement module for if RC 0 Not less than the pulse rise time t r The measurement charge integration is exited.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the means for measuring the amount of charge comprises:
the randomness effect elimination sub-module is used for eliminating randomness effect of pulse voltage waveform non-smoothness by adopting moving average according to the following formula:
wherein u is t As pulse voltage waveform data, U t The pulse voltage waveform data after the moving average processing is represented by N, which is the number of terms of the moving evaluation.
8. The system of claim 6, wherein the means for measuring the amount of charge comprises:
the sub-module for determining the same time scale is used for determining that the time scale of the noise voltage waveform is the same as the time scale of the measured pulse voltage waveform.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the means for measuring the amount of charge further comprises:
the connection submodule is used for connecting the calibration pulse generator and an oscilloscope instrument;
the adjusting parameter submodule is used for adjusting the charge quantity parameters including the charge quantity size, the polarity and the repetition rate;
the scale determining sub-module is used for acquiring pulse voltage waveforms by using an oscilloscope-like instrument and determining that the pulse voltage waveforms have certain horizontal scales and vertical scales;
the storage noise voltage waveform submodule is used for closing the charge quantity output switch of the pulse generator under the condition of keeping the gear positions of the horizontal scale and the vertical scale unchanged and storing a noise voltage waveform signal U of a measuring loop displayed by a wave instrument noise 。
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the means for measuring the amount of charge further comprises:
a difference determining sub-module for determining the pulse voltage waveform data Ut and the noise voltage waveform signal U after the moving average processing noise Is a difference in (2);
the system error submodule is used for carrying out integral calculation on the difference value according to the following formula, and eliminating the system error introduced by the noise element:
wherein q is the charge quantity, i (t) is the current pulse generated by the calibrator, R is the standard resistor, U t (t) -moving the pulse voltage waveform data after the averaging process, U noise Is a noise voltage waveform signal.
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CN117110692A (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2023-11-24 | 武汉市聚芯微电子有限责任公司 | Current integrating circuit, photo-generated current reading circuit and chip |
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CN117110692A (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2023-11-24 | 武汉市聚芯微电子有限责任公司 | Current integrating circuit, photo-generated current reading circuit and chip |
CN117110692B (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2024-01-12 | 武汉市聚芯微电子有限责任公司 | Current integrating circuit, photo-generated current reading circuit and chip |
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