CN116114805B - Special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116114805B CN116114805B CN202310064150.8A CN202310064150A CN116114805B CN 116114805 B CN116114805 B CN 116114805B CN 202310064150 A CN202310064150 A CN 202310064150A CN 116114805 B CN116114805 B CN 116114805B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/116—Heterocyclic compounds
- A23K20/121—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen or sulfur as hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of poultry cultivation, and particularly relates to a special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting, and a preparation method and application thereof. The special matching type active substance for artificial molting comprises the following components in parts by weight: 400-1000 parts of biochar, 40-100 parts of shell powder, 2-20 parts of angelica sinensis extract, 10-50 parts of motherwort extract, 5-25 parts of soybean isoflavone, 0.005-0.025 part of vitamin E and 0.0000008-0.0000038 parts of vitamin D. The special-purpose compound active substance for artificial molting can reduce the stress and dead elutriation rate of laying hens in the molting process, prolong the rest time of the artificial molting period, fully recover bone calcium and reproductive systems, prolong the egg laying period after molting, improve the eggshell thickness, improve the eggshell quality and reduce the egg breaking rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of poultry cultivation, and particularly relates to a special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The hairiness of the poultry is an inherent natural physiological phenomenon and is also a representation of the adaptability of the poultry to the nature in the process of evolution. Natural molting of birds is related to light and seasonal temperature variations, and the natural light started in autumn every year becomes gradually shorter, and hormone changes in the body are induced, so that molting is caused. Because the illumination in nature is gradually shortened for a long time and individual differences of poultry are from starting to finishing the hairiness, the whole hairiness process can be completed in about 4 months. On one hand, a lot of nutrients are required to be consumed to form new feather during the period of molting, so that the laying of eggs is often stopped during the period of molting, and the long and short molting time has an influence on the annual egg yield of the egg birds. On the other hand, the egg poultry breeding widely adopts a single house full-in and full-out feeding management mode, and regarding the utilization years of laying hens, general large-scale chicken raising claims are all eliminated by utilizing one egg laying period (raising to 72 weeks of age), and two serious problems are faced with the increase of the day of the chicken flock: firstly, gland function due to the in vivo secretion of reproductive hormones gradually declines (pituitary secretion of various hormone concentrations gradually decreases); secondly, the absorption and utilization of nutrient substances (trace elements, vitamins and the like) by the intestinal canal are reduced, the secretion of the shell gland of the oviduct is reduced, the weight of the eggshell is slightly increased along with the gradual increase of the weight of the egg, but the weight of the egg is not increased, so that the eggshell is thinner and thinner, the eggshell quality is poorer, the egg breaking rate is increased, and the effect of improving the eggshell quality by only increasing the calcium content is not obvious. After laying eggs for one year, the artificial forced molting mode can be adopted to concentrate molting in a short period, so that the feed management can be facilitated, the economic life of the laying hens can be prolonged, the market supply and demand time of the eggs can be regulated, and the cultivation cost of the backup chicken flock can be reduced. Therefore, the artificial forced molting is beneficial to the physiological characteristics of molting of the egg birds in actual production, the egg yield of the birds can be greatly improved, the economic life of the birds can be prolonged, and the artificial forced molting has great significance to the development of the poultry industry.
It has now been found that the internal hormones can be re-synthesized and released by modulating the light and weight of the birds and their receptors activated, and their primary target organs are restored by surrounding the acinar epithelial cells and tubal smooth muscle cells. Based on the above-mentioned physiological mechanisms of poultry, there are various methods of artificial molting, such as zootechnics (e.g. starvation method, water-break method), chemical method (zinc oxide method, zinc sulfate, low-calcium low-salt method, periodate method), hormone injection method (progestogen, testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone), etc. The chemical method has high cost and uniform production time, but is easy to cause osteoporosis of poultry. The hormone injection method has the advantages of complex operation, high cost, non-uniform resting time and non-uniform laying time of the second egg laying period, and is not suitable for large-scale cultivation. The animal husbandry method is easy to operate, low in cost and obvious in effect, and is a more common method.
However, most animal husbandry methods at present are direct feed interruption or water interruption (starvation method or water interruption method) to enable birds to enter a non-productive period, and pathogenic microorganisms in intestinal tracts of birds cannot be rapidly proliferated in the intestinal tracts along with the discharge of feces after the feed interruption and the water interruption are reduced; and in the non-productive period of the poultry, as the age of the non-productive day increases, the number of dead and panning chickens is continuously increased, and people have to provide food for the poultry to maintain the life of the poultry. However, the period of the non-laying period of the poultry is short, the body condition of the poultry and the optic nerve-hypothalamus-pituitary gland axis cannot be fully rested, and the poultry enters the second egg laying period, so that the poultry is not thoroughly molted, the predetermined egg laying effect cannot be achieved in the second egg laying period after the molting, and the period of the poultry is eliminated soon. In addition, when birds are stimulated with prolonged light, the biological activity of the individual cell receptors of their optic nerve-hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis is gradually inactivated. With the increase of the day-age of the poultry, long-time illumination can reduce the physiological regulation and control capability of the poultry on seasonal reproduction by synthesizing and releasing melatonin and thyroxine. At this time, the deposition of body fat and reproductive system fat in the poultry also weakens the sensibility of acting on oviduct receptors, so that the absorption and utilization of calcium and phosphorus by the poultry are reduced, and the eggshell quality gradually worsens with the age of the poultry.
In view of this, the common egg birds will have the situation that the egg yield is reduced until the egg production is stopped and the physique of the birds is changed after the egg birds are adjusted by illumination or broken materials during the artificial molting, and a technology for reducing the strong stress stimulation and the death and panning rate in the process during the molting of the egg birds and improving the egg yield of the egg birds is still needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the egg yield is reduced until the egg production is stopped and the physique of the poultry is changed when the egg poultry is subjected to artificial molting in the prior art, the invention provides a special matched active substance for artificial molting and a preparation method and application thereof.
The invention aims to provide an active substance which can be used 7 days before the feed replacement, and the active substance can reduce the strong stress stimulation and the death and panning rate in the process during the feed replacement of the egg birds, clean the intestinal harmful microorganisms of the egg birds, prolong the non-productive period of the feed replacement of the egg birds, restore the bone calcium, reproductive system and body condition of the egg birds to the initial stage of starting the feed, and quickly reach the second peak of laying after the feed replacement is finished.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the method specifically comprises the following technical scheme:
the special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting comprises the following components in parts by weight: 400-1000 parts of biochar, 40-100 parts of shell powder, 2-20 parts of angelica sinensis extract, 10-50 parts of motherwort extract, 5-25 parts of soybean isoflavone, 0.005-0.025 part of vitamin E and 0.0000008-0.0000038 parts of vitamin D.
The problem that the laying hens are subjected to physiological and metabolic strong stress stimulation in the forced molting process in the existing method can be effectively solved by mixing different raw materials in proportion.
According to the invention, by feeding the special-purpose matching active substance for artificial molting to chickens 7 days before molting, stress of the laying hens during molting can be relieved, dead panning is reduced, body condition recovery after molting is quicker, high production performance can be still exerted after molting of the laying hens, egg quality is improved, and high laying rate is maintained; thereby prolonging the resting time, fully recovering the reproductive system and the digestive system, and reducing the problem of increasing the proportion of abnormal eggs such as eggshell color difference, sand shell eggs, dark spot eggs, tea spot eggs and the like after the egg chicken has molted. After the laying hens are fed with the special matching active substances for artificial molting, the intestinal tract harmful microbial flora of the laying hens can be effectively cleaned, and meanwhile, the 'optic nerve-hypothalamus-gonad axis' hormone receptor biological sensor can be regulated to promote the development and ovulation of follicles; in addition, the concentration of blood calcium and trace elements of the laying hens in the non-laying period can be increased, the recovery of a calcium warehouse is promoted, the laying rate and the eggshell thickness are improved, the eggshell quality is improved, and great economic benefits are brought to farmers.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the artificial molting dedicated mating active material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 600-800 parts of biochar, 60-80 parts of shell powder, 8-10 parts of angelica sinensis extract, 30-50 parts of motherwort extract, 15-20 parts of soybean isoflavone, 0.015-0.02 part of vitamin E and 0.0000030-0.0000038 parts of vitamin D.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the biochar includes at least one of charcoal powder and activated carbon powder.
Biochar (biochar) is a solid matter remaining after biomass thermal cracking, and has unique structure and physicochemical properties of abundant micropore structures, large specific surface area, high pH value, strong adsorption capacity and decomposition resistance and the like. The biomass charcoal is directly added in livestock and poultry cultivation, feed and fecal sewage treatment to improve animal intestinal health, promote livestock and poultry growth, improve utilization rate of nutrient substances, reduce toxicity of toxic and harmful substances in the feed, reduce fecal pollution and the like. In general, significant effects can be seen within 1-4 weeks of using biomass charcoal, and specific effects include reducing diarrhea rate and mortality of livestock, and improving livestock health and vigor.
The shell powder not only contains a large amount of calcium, but also contains trace elements necessary for the poultry body: phosphorus, manganese, zinc, copper, iron, potassium, magnesium and the like, and has less impurities and rich calcium and phosphorus. The shell powder is used as feed additive, which not only can promote the bone growth and blood circulation of livestock and poultry, but also can increase the yield of livestock and poultry eggs and milk and improve the quality of the livestock and poultry eggs and milk. Particularly, shell powder is added into the feed for laying hens or breeding hens, so that the quality of eggshells can be obviously improved, the strength of eggshells is increased, the number of broken soft eggs is reduced, and the laying rate can be improved due to the fact that calcium carbonate is contained by more than 95%. The shell powder is added in the middle and later period (after 48 weeks of age) of laying hen egg production, so that the feed ratio is not influenced, the conversion of feed is facilitated, the concentration of calcium in the feed is increased, especially the blood calcium concentration is increased when eggshells are formed, the utilization rate of calcium in the feed can be improved, and the absorption and utilization of other components in the feed are promoted. The shell powder has obvious bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects on food-borne pathogenic bacteria, such as gram-negative bacteria, vibrio parahaemolyticus, gram-positive bacteria, salmonella and escherichia coli. In addition, the mineral substances in the shell powder can avoid the defects of antagonism reaction, enrichment in vivo, damage to living substances in vivo, reduction of feed utilization rate and the like caused by abusing inorganic mineralization substances as feed additives. If the shell contains a plurality of natural mineral elements, which can be matched with the non-general artificial synthesis, the utilization rate of livestock and poultry is high, the structure is stable, the biological titer is high, the disease resistance and the stress resistance of chickens can be improved, and the mineral supplement is more facilitated.
The Chinese angelica is a traditional Chinese medicine of Chinese traditional medicine, is a perennial herb belonging to Umbelliferae, and the common chemical components of the Chinese angelica extract mainly comprise Chinese angelica polysaccharide, n-butenolide, ligustilide, n-butenolide and the like, sesquiterpenoids and the like. The Chinese angelica extract can obviously reduce the number of malformed eggs, the Chinese angelica has obvious influence on the egg shape index (P is less than 0.05), and has obvious influence on the laying rate and feed/egg ratio of laying hens in the range of 5 to 7, and the Chinese angelica extract can obviously increase the Haw unit of eggs, the egg shape index and the eggshell thickness. The Chinese angelica has the effects of invigorating qi, activating blood and improving the immunity of organisms, thereby improving the disease resistance in vivo and the capability of resisting external stimulus and promoting the growth and development of animals. In addition, the egg birds are always in a cage-rearing environment and are continuously stimulated by ovulation and egg laying, so that a plurality of free radicals are generated in the bodies. The angelica can resist oxidation and remove free radicals, so that the production performance of livestock and poultry can be improved, and the quality of meat and eggs can be improved. When the egg-laying fowl is artificially molted, the control of material breaking and illumination generates strong stress reaction, so that the hormone secretion of the egg-laying fowl is disordered, the secretion of thyroxine and corticosterone is obviously improved, the catabolism of the egg-laying fowl is enhanced, the heat production quantity is increased, the chemical disorder of the egg-laying fowl is stimulated, and the egg laying of the egg-laying fowl is further caused to be stopped rapidly. The mechanism of the anti-depression effect of angelica can improve the behavior of depression experimental animals and increase the amount of monoamine neurotransmitters 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and Norepinephrine (NE) in brain. The 5-hydroxytryptamine can be further converted into melatonin in a human body, the melatonin has the effects of sedation and sleep aiding, the secretion of the melatonin is influenced by illumination, the melatonin has obvious circadian rhythm, the daytime secretion is inhibited, and the secretion is active at night. Melatonin can inhibit secretion of thyroid stimulating and corticosterone, thereby reducing strong stress caused by artificial molting. Therefore, the angelica sinensis extract can clear away the long-term egg laying, alleviate the stress damage caused by free radicals generated after strong stress in the artificial molting period, and improve the immunity.
The angelica extract is preferably selected, and the angelica extract is angelica extract with the mass content of angelica polysaccharide more than 30%.
Herba Leonuri is a plant of Leonurus of Labiatae, also called YIMU moxa, and HONGHUADAI, and its main chemical components include alkaloids, diterpenes, and flavones. Alkaloids in herba Leonuri can promote development of uterus and ovary of egg-laying fowl, excite hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, promote secretion of gonadal hormone, and further influence production performance of layer chicken. Flavones and the like can affect the metabolism of calcium, phosphorus and the like, thereby affecting the quality of eggs. In addition, a large part of calcium in eggshells is derived from feed, after the motherwort extract is added in the feed, the eggshell strength and eggshell thickness are increased, and when the motherwort extract is added, the flavonoids which are possibly main components of the motherwort can influence calcium and phosphorus metabolism, so that the eggshell strength and eggshell thickness are changed.
When the egg-laying fowl in the first egg-laying period is continuously deposited with fat and toxic and harmful substances in liver, kidney and internal organs due to serious bone calcium overdraft, continuous increase of weight and long-term egg laying, the blood flow of internal organs can be increased and the blood flow dynamics in kidney can be regulated by using the motherwort extract in artificial molting and molting period, which is beneficial to the recovery of liver and kidney tubules. Herba Leonuri has effects in increasing kidney blood flow, improving blood stasis state of external marrow layer, reducing blood viscosity, regulating intrarenal hemodynamics, and preventing and treating acute tubular necrosis. Leonurine 10mg/kg and leonurine 5mg/kg can regulate the blood lipid metabolism disorder of the hyperlipidemic animal, reduce the content of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, improve various abnormal indexes of hemorheology, dilate micro-blood vessels and improve microcirculation.
The motherwort extract of the invention preferably contains stachydrine hydrochloride 100mg/g and leonurine hydrochloride 1mg/g is relatively stable.
The herba Leonuri extract is herba Leonuri extract containing 0.01-0.07% of leonurine, stachydrine, and rutin herba Leonuri extracted from whole plant.
Soy Isoflavones (ISO) are a type of component isolated from soybeans and having isoflavone structure and major activity, and are a type of secondary metabolites formed during the growth of soybeans. The isoflavone contained in the animal can not only affect immune cells, body fluid and nonspecific immunity of the organism, but also improve the immunity of the animal; can also be combined with ER on osteoclast to reduce activity of osteoclast and enhance bone density. The absorption and metabolism of soy isoflavones are closely related to the intestinal microorganisms of animals and can only be absorbed after deglycosylation by the intestinal microorganisms to form aglycones. Soy isoflavone is a physiological regulator with double biological activities, can be combined with estrogen receptors of the internal neuroendocrine system of animals, and shows synergistic or antagonistic action on the internal estrogen activities according to the concentration of the internal estrogen, the number of the receptors, the combination degree and the dosage of isoflavone compounds, so that the addition amount of the isoflavone compounds in livestock and poultry feeds can be changed according to the biological functions of the isoflavone compounds and the types, the sexes and the growth periods of the animals. The addition of soybean flavone in the early stage of egg production can inhibit egg production, so that the egg production rate and egg weight are obviously reduced. Can effectively improve osteoporosis and egg quality in later period of egg production. Therefore, the addition period of the soybean flavone can have different effects on the egg laying performance, and the addition amount of the soybean flavone should not be excessively large.
Vitamin D (VD) is abundant in animal livers and poultry eggs and is not typically contained in cereal feeds. 7-dehydrocholesterol is synthesized in animal skin and adipose tissue, and can be converted into vitamin D3 under ultraviolet irradiation. The egg laying performance and eggshell quality of laying hens are affected by various factors, but are most affected by calcium and vitamin D. VD has regulating effect on blood calcium and blood phosphorus of organism. The imbalance of the proportion of calcium and phosphorus in the feed also causes hypocalcemia and abnormal bone mass. Young chicks lack VD and have brittle long bones, are easy to fracture, have poor feather growth and have diarrhea. The egg laying hen starts to produce the initially thin-shell eggs and the soft-shell eggs 2 to 3 months after lacking VD, so that the egg yield is reduced, and even the egg production is stopped completely. The lack of vitamin D in breeders can cause a significant drop in the hatchability of eggs, and chick embryos die from day 4 to day 9 after hatching. Therefore, the feed of the house-fed chickens needs to be supplemented with VD.
The most widely used commercial vitamin E (tocopherol) in the feed industry is DL-a-tocopherol acetate, which is present in an amount of 50%. In the layer chicken breeding production, the actual addition amount of the vitamin E is greatly different due to the wide functions of the vitamin E and different target positioning of formulators on the physiological functions of the vitamin E in the layer chicken feed. Vitamin E is closely related to the reproductive function of the laying hens and can promote the function of gonadotrophin secretion cells of anterior pituitary gland, so that gonadotrophin secretion is increased, sexual function is regulated, ovarian function is improved, follicular cells are increased, and the reproductive and egg laying capability of the laying hens is further enhanced. Under normal physiological conditions, corticosterone is in a steady state of secretion. In the hypothalamus where stress stimulates secretion of Corticotropin Releasing Factor (CRF), CRF acts on the pituitary gland to promote its secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Corticosterone secretion is then stimulated directly by ACTH to ensure that glucose production by gluconeogenesis during stress ensures immediate survival. Once corticosterone is depleted or under-synthesized, gluconeogenesis ceases, which adversely affects productivity. Vitamin E as an antioxidant protects cells from oxidative damage due to reactive oxygen species and prevents free radical reactions from proceeding, thereby protecting polyunsaturated fatty acids in cell membrane phospholipids and plasma lipoproteins from attack by oxygen radicals. Thus, vitamin E can ensure the structural and functional integrity of cell membranes and resist the stress injury caused by oxygen free radicals.
The vitamin feed resource is reasonably utilized, particularly under the condition of artificial molting, after the feed is cut off, the egg-laying fowl can reduce the body weight through controlling the nutrition intake to make physique and accumulated nutrition metabolism, and the vitamin has very important effects on guaranteeing the health of organisms and supplementing calcium stores, and particularly playing a very important role in improving the immunity of the organisms and relieving stress although the specific gravity of the vitamin in the special-purpose compound active substance for artificial molting is very small.
A preparation method of a special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the angelica sinensis extract, the motherwort extract, the soybean isoflavone, the vitamin E and the vitamin D according to the weight parts, and mixing to obtain a premix;
(2) And mixing the biochar, the shell powder and the premix, and sieving and split charging to obtain the special-purpose compound active substance for artificial molting.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the step (1) and the step (2), the mixing time is 10-50min.
As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (1) and the step (2), the mixing time is 15 to 20min.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the screening is screening through 3.5mm screen pieces.
An application of special compound active substance for artificial molting in artificial feed for egg fowls.
The application of the special compound active substance for artificial molting in the artificial molting feed of the egg poultry comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing the special compound active substance for artificial molting with feed to obtain a feed blend; then feeding the feed blend 7 days before artificial molting of the egg birds, carrying out artificial molting process under illumination condition, and carrying out normal feeding and feeding on the egg birds after artificial molting.
As a preferred embodiment mode of the invention, the artificial molting process comprises a 21-day feeding-free stage in the early stage and a feed intake control stage in the 7-day later stage.
In the mode of the preferred embodiment of the invention, in the feed intake control stage of 7 days later, the daily ration for feeding the egg fowls is the daily ration containing the special-purpose compound active substance for artificial molting.
As a preferable embodiment mode of the invention, in the feeding quantity control stage of 7 days at the later stage, the weight of the daily ration fed to the egg poultry is 25-70% of the weight of the daily ration in the normal feeding stage.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the lighting conditions in the early 21 day no-feed phase are: the illumination is carried out for 5-16 h/day under the condition that the illumination intensity is 5-20 lux.
As a preferred embodiment mode of the invention, in the later 7-day feed intake control stage, the illumination condition is set by referring to the illumination program of the closed chicken house in the conventional feeding management manual.
As a preferable embodiment mode of the invention, the mass content of the special-purpose compound active substance for artificial molting is 0.1-5%.
As a further preferable embodiment of the invention, the content of the special-purpose compound active material for artificial molting is 1% by mass of the feed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, by easily obtaining biochar, shell powder, angelica sinensis extract, motherwort extract, soybean isoflavone, vitamin E and vitamin D and specific proportions thereof, stress during artificial molting of the egg fowls can be effectively relieved, the reduced dead panning rate can reach 27.44%, the body condition of the egg fowls is quickly and well recovered after molting, the quality and strength of eggshells of the egg fowls are improved, and the laying rate can reach 1.26-5%, so that the problem of non-uniformity of laid eggs in the molting process of the egg fowls is solved; meanwhile, the resting time is prolonged, the body condition is better recovered, the number of eggs laid is increased, the quality of eggs is improved, the economic life of the eggs is greatly prolonged, great economic benefits are brought to farmers, and bricks and tiles are added for the development of the eggs in China.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a graph showing the results of average weekly laying rate of the laying hens in the test group 1 and the control group 1.
Detailed Description
For a better description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described by means of specific examples.
All references to% in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are wt%.
All raw materials in the invention are commercially available products, wherein the motherwort herb extract is an angelica extract which is prepared by extracting whole herb and contains leonurine which is about 0.05%, stachydrine, rutin and the like, and the angelica extract is selected from angelica polysaccharide which is more than 30%.
Example 1
The special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting in the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 400 parts of charcoal powder, 40 parts of shell powder, 2 parts of angelica sinensis extract, 10 parts of motherwort extract, 5 parts of soybean isoflavone, 0.005 part of vitamin E and 0.0000008 parts of vitamin D.
The preparation method of the special matching type active substance for artificial molting of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the angelica sinensis extract, the motherwort extract, the soybean isoflavone, the vitamin E and the vitamin D according to the weight parts, and fully mixing for 15-20 minutes to obtain a premix;
(2) Mixing charcoal powder, shell powder and the premix for 15-20min, sieving with 3.5mm sieve, and packaging with nontoxic bag to obtain the special-purpose active substance for artificial molting.
Example 2
The special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting in the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts of charcoal powder, 60 parts of shell powder, 4 parts of angelica sinensis extract, 20 parts of motherwort extract, 10 parts of soybean isoflavone, 0.01 part of vitamin E and 0.0000015 part of vitamin D.
The preparation method of the special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting in the embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1.
Example 3
The special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting in the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 800 parts of charcoal powder, 80 parts of shell powder, 6 parts of angelica sinensis extract, 30 parts of motherwort extract, 15 parts of soybean isoflavone, 0.015 part of vitamin E and 0.0000022 parts of vitamin D.
The preparation method of the special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting in the embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1.
Example 4
The special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting in the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 600 parts of charcoal powder, 100 parts of shell powder, 8 parts of angelica sinensis extract, 40 parts of motherwort extract, 20 parts of soybean isoflavone, 0.020 part of vitamin E and 0.0000030 parts of vitamin D.
The preparation method of the special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting in the embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1.
Example 5
The special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting in the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 600 parts of charcoal powder, 60 parts of shell powder, 10 parts of angelica sinensis extract, 50 parts of motherwort extract, 25 parts of soybean isoflavone, 0.025 part of vitamin E and 0.0000038 parts of vitamin D.
The preparation method of the special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting in the embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1.
Example 6
The special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting in the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 800 parts of charcoal powder, 60 parts of shell powder, 10 parts of angelica extract, 30 parts of motherwort extract, 20 parts of soybean isoflavone, 0.015 part of vitamin E and 0.0000038 parts of vitamin D.
The preparation method of the special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting in the embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1.
Example 7
The special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting in the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 800 parts of charcoal powder, 80 parts of shell powder, 20 parts of angelica sinensis extract, 50 parts of motherwort extract, 15 parts of soybean isoflavone, 0.015 part of vitamin E and 0.0000038 parts of vitamin D.
The preparation method of the special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting in the embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1.
The application method of the special matching type active substance for artificial molting comprises the following steps:
(1) The test adopts a single-factor comparison test design, and randomly divides the 89060 feather 513-day-old Hailan brown normal laying hen group into a test group 1 (44530 feather) and a control group 1 (44530 feather);
(2) Blending the special compound active material for artificial molting in the example 1 with complete feed to obtain a feed blend, and feeding the feed blend 7 days before artificial molting of the test group chicken flock, wherein the content of the special compound active material for artificial molting is 1% of the average complete feed intake per each feather per each day; meanwhile, feeding the same type of complete feed 7 days before artificial molting of the chicken flock of the control group;
(3) The artificial molting of the test group chicken and the control group chicken is controlled by adopting 28 days of feed interruption (feed intake is controlled 7 days after feeding) and combining the light adjusting method, and particularly referring to a molting plan in table 1, the chicken is late in feeding due to MS (mycoplasma synoviae) occurring in the breeding stage, wherein the highest laying rate of the first egg laying period is 97.29% (30 weeks old).
Most modern cage-raising laying hen fields are automatically fed, laying hens feed themselves, average daily feed intake can be calculated, generally about 120g of feed is fed to adult laying hens with each feather every day, the feeding is carried out three times a day in the morning, in the evening, and the feed intake is controlled by feeding the laying hens in the morning, in the evening. The temperature of the henhouse in the modern laying hen field is maintained by heat generated by chicken bodies, and the temperature of the henhouse is regulated and controlled by the number of running fans. The intensity and time of illumination can be controlled by the control device to achieve the desired illumination time and intensity.
TABLE 1 molting plan
The method is related to chicken species, chicken body weight, environmental temperature and seasons, and can be adjusted according to practical conditions, wherein the egg laying daily ration also contains the same amount of active substances, and the setting of the illumination program in the first egg laying period refers to the illumination program setting of a closed chicken house in a conventional feeding management manual.
Wherein, the dead rate of the artificial molting control period, the laying rate of the second egg laying period after molting and the dehairing index are important indexes.
The egg laying period before the same batch of laying hens are in molting is a first egg laying period, and the egg laying period after the molting is a second egg laying period.
The rest period refers to: and stopping laying eggs after the material is cut off until the period of laying eggs again.
The material control period refers to: and after the feed is cut, the feed intake (normal feeding) is not controlled.
Rate of death and panning during the material control period: the number of dead and obsolete chickens in the feed control period/the number of chickens before molting is multiplied by 100 percent (the number of the dead and non-feeding value and obsolete chickens in the feed control period is multiplied by 100 percent when feed is not provided in the feed control tower). The number of dead and obsolete chickens in the feeding period refers to the number of dead and obsolete chickens in the period from the feed-free day of the feeding tower to the normal feeding day.
Laying rate of the second laying period after molting: the number of eggs laid per day of stock chicken is multiplied by 100%.
The depilatory index refers to: birds are at a level where feathers fall off due to natural, artificial, physical or some nutritional deficiency.
The chicken feather is divided into body feather and wing feather, and the body feather and the wing feather need to be replaced completely by manual replacement. The success or failure of the artificial feather replacement can be predicted by the falling degree of the feather. In this way, hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis (HPOA) can excite egg laying machine again, body feathers generally start to fall off after stopping feeding for about 10 days, main feathers fall off most in 15-30 days, fall off time is long, 70% of main feathers fall off in 15-50 days, 1-3 main feathers fall off each time, and new feathers start to grow ten days after the feathers are removed.
The apparent thickness of eggshells (without shelling) is the average value of eggshell thicknesses measured at three different points of eggshell, wherein the eggshell thickness measuring instrument YN-100 (Egg shell thinckenss gauge) is adopted for testing, and the resolution is 0.01mm.
The eggshell strength is the pressure born by the vertical blunt end of the egg downwards and the tip upwards, and the eggshell strength is tested by adopting an eggshell strength tester KQ-1A type, and the testing range is 1-80N.
Test group 1 and control group 1 were tested with the second egg laying period starting with the 30 th day egg (the second egg laying period starting with the first egg to the 30 th day egg).
The above test results are shown in tables 2 and 3 and FIG. 1.
Table 2 dead number of layers in test group 1 and control group 1
As shown in Table 2, the death rate of the laying hens in the feed control period of the test group 1 is reduced by 27.44% compared with that of the control group 1, and the addition of the special artificial molting compound active substance can obviously reduce the death rate of the laying hens in the feed control period.
Table 3 eggshell thickness and eggshell strength for test group 1 and control group 1
As can be seen from table 3, the difference in eggshell thickness was not significant between the test group and the control group of laying hens, and the difference in eggshell strength was significant.
The results of the weekly average laying rate of the second egg laying period (30 days of the second egg laying period) after the hairline of the test group 1 and the control group 1 are shown in fig. 1, and the weekly average laying rate of the test group 1 is 1.61% higher than that of the control group 1, and the difference is remarkable.
And (3) observing the material control period, rapidly stopping the production of the chicken flock of the test group 1 after the material interruption, wherein the time for stopping the production of the test group 1 is relatively uniform, and the time for stopping the production of part of chicken flock of the control group 1 is longer than that of the chicken flock of the test group and is relatively nonuniform.
From the observation of the degree of molting, the main wing feather of the chicken flock in the test group 1 is obviously and rapidly dropped.
Referring to the application method of the special compound active substance for artificial molting, artificial molting cultivation of test groups 2 and 3 and control group 2 is carried out, the feed fed by the test group 2 and 3 is the same as that fed by the test group 1, the feed fed by the control group 3 is the same as that fed by the control group 1, wherein the test groups 2 and 3 are respectively 93885-feather 551-year-old Beijing powder 6-day-old Philan brown chickens and 89060-feather 515-day-old Philan brown chickens, and the control group 2 is 92248-feather 516-year-old Beijing powder 6-year-old chickens.
Table 4 mortality of laying hens in test group 2, 3 and control group 2
As shown in Table 4, the death rate of the laying hens in the feed control period of the test group 2, the test group 1 and the control group is reduced by 0.94 percent and 0.6 percent compared with the control group 2, and the reduction amplitude is up to 48 percent and 30 percent. The added special matching active substance for artificial molting can obviously reduce the death rate of the laying hens in the feed control period.
And observing from a material control period, rapidly stopping the production of the test group chicken after material breaking in a short time, wherein the stopping time of the test group is relatively uniform, and the stopping time of the control group is longer than that of the test group chicken, so that the test group chicken is relatively nonuniform.
From the observation of the degree of molting, the main wing feather of the chicken flock of the test group is obviously and rapidly dropped.
In conclusion, the special-purpose matching active substance for artificial molting provided by the invention has a remarkable effect of improving the death and panning quantity of chickens caused by strong stress of artificial molting.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted equally without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The special-purpose coordination type active substance for artificial molting is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 600-800 parts of biochar, 60-80 parts of shell powder, 8-10 parts of angelica sinensis extract, 30-50 parts of motherwort extract, 15-20 parts of soybean isoflavone, 0.015-0.02 part of vitamin E and 0.0000030-0.0000038 parts of vitamin D.
2. The artificial molting special mating active material of claim 1, wherein the biochar comprises charcoal powder.
3. The artificial molting special compound active substance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the angelica extract is an angelica extract with mass content of angelica polysaccharide more than 30%.
4. The artificial molting special compound active substance according to claim 1, wherein the herba Leonuri extract is herba Leonuri extract containing leonurine 0.01-0.07%, stachydrine, and rutin extracted from whole plant.
5. The method for preparing the special-purpose compound active material for artificial molting according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
(1) Weighing the angelica sinensis extract, the motherwort extract, the soybean isoflavone, the vitamin E and the vitamin D according to the weight parts, and mixing to obtain a premix;
(2) And mixing the biochar, the shell powder and the premix, and sieving and split charging to obtain the special-purpose compound active substance for artificial molting.
6. The method for preparing a special-purpose complex active material for artificial molting according to claim 5, wherein in the step (1) and the step (2), the mixing time is 10-50min; the screening is screening through 3.5mm sieve sheets.
7. The use of the special-purpose compound active substance for artificial molting according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in artificial molting feed for egg birds, characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, mixing the special compound active substance for artificial molting with feed to obtain a feed blend; feeding the feed blend 7 days before artificial molting of the egg birds, carrying out artificial molting process under illumination condition, and carrying out normal feeding and feeding on the egg birds after artificial molting; the mass content of the special-purpose compound active substance for artificial molting is 0.1-5%; the artificial molting process comprises a 21-day feeding-free stage in the early stage and a feed intake control stage in 7 days in the later stage; the lighting conditions in the early 21 day no-feed phase were: the illumination is carried out for 5-16 h/day under the condition that the illumination intensity is 5-20 lux.
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