CN116102359B - Lightweight high-strength ceramsite and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Lightweight high-strength ceramsite and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116102359B CN116102359B CN202310395298.XA CN202310395298A CN116102359B CN 116102359 B CN116102359 B CN 116102359B CN 202310395298 A CN202310395298 A CN 202310395298A CN 116102359 B CN116102359 B CN 116102359B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- USZPWQKODIZQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCCCCCC(C=CC=C1)=C1P(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1.Br Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC(C=CC=C1)=C1P(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1.Br USZPWQKODIZQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002383 tung oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- BJDLPDPRMYAOCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C(C)C BJDLPDPRMYAOCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
- C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
- C04B38/0675—Vegetable refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. wood chips, cork, peat, paper
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- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
- C04B18/027—Lightweight materials
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of sintered ceramsite, and particularly discloses a lightweight high-strength ceramsite and a preparation method thereof. The light high-strength ceramsite comprises, by weight, 62-68 parts of coal-based solid waste, 10-15 parts of modified attapulgite, 12-16 parts of modified corncob, 4-6 parts of silica fume, 10-13 parts of a binding agent, 2-3 parts of a cement-based adhesive and 1-2 parts of a plasticizer; wherein the coal-based solid waste is a mixture of fly ash and coal gangue; the modified attapulgite is modified attapulgite by dodecyl triphenylphosphine bromide and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; the modified corncob is obtained by modifying sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution after microwave treatment. According to the invention, through the synergistic effect of the components, the interior of the obtained ceramsite is of a microporous structure, and the ceramsite has the advantages of high strength, low bulk density, high practicability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sintered ceramsite, in particular to a lightweight high-strength ceramsite and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The ceramsite is used as a novel lightweight, heat-insulating and high-strength multifunctional artificial lightweight aggregate, and the main product comprises ceramsite products. The research on preparing the high-strength ceramsite by using the solid waste can replace the traditional clay or shale raw material resource, and the recycling and effective utilization of bulk solid waste can be realized. The existing ceramsite usually takes clay as a main raw material, so that a lot of resources are wasted, meanwhile, the ceramsite is prepared by taking the clay as a main component, various auxiliary agents are required to be added, the preparation process is complex, and the cost is high. Therefore, it is important to find new materials to replace clay for preparing ceramsite.
In recent years, the preparation of ultra-light ceramsite by using the fly ash is a feasible way for large-scale consumption of the fly ash. However, when the existing fly ash is used for preparing the ceramsite, the consumption of the fly ash is low, the digestion capability of the fly ash is poor, in addition, the roasting temperature is high, the time is long, the energy consumption is high, the prepared ceramsite has large bulk density, the ultra-light-level requirements cannot be met, and the like. Therefore, it is of great importance to provide a ceramic grain with low bulk density and high strength.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a lightweight high-strength ceramsite and a preparation method thereof, wherein the lightweight high-strength ceramsite is prepared by selecting specific coal-based solid waste, modified corncob, modified attapulgite, silica fume and cement-based adhesive, and the interior of the ceramsite is of a microporous structure through the synergistic effect of the components, so that the lightweight high-strength ceramsite has the advantages of high strength, low bulk density, high practicability and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the light high-strength ceramsite comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
62-68 parts of coal-based solid waste, 10-15 parts of modified attapulgite, 12-16 parts of modified corncob, 4-6 parts of silica fume, 10-13 parts of binding agent, 2-3 parts of cement-based adhesive and 1-2 parts of plasticizer;
wherein the coal-based solid waste is a mixture of fly ash and coal gangue;
the modified attapulgite is modified attapulgite by dodecyl triphenylphosphine bromide and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide;
the modified corncob is obtained by modifying sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution after microwave treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the lightweight high-strength ceramsite provided by the invention has the advantages that the gangue and the fly ash are added as main components, and the compressive strength of the ceramsite can be obviously improved through the synergistic effect between the gangue and the fly ash; by adding the silica fume with specific content, the expansibility of the fly ash and the coal gangue can be greatly improved, so that the stacking density of the ceramsite is reduced, and the prepared ceramsite has the characteristic of light weight; the inventor finds that the compressive strength of the ceramsite can be greatly improved by adding the modified attapulgite into the ceramsite, the stacking density of the ceramsite can be further reduced, and meanwhile, the specific content of the modified attapulgite can promote the forming of the ceramsite, improve the pore diameter structure of the ceramsite and reduce the stacking density on the premise of reducing the dosage of an auxiliary agent; according to the invention, the forming rate of the ceramsite can be obviously improved by adding a small amount of cement-based adhesive, and the cement-based adhesive can also act together with coal-based solid waste, silica fume and modified attapulgite, so that the cylinder pressure strength of the ceramsite is improved, and meanwhile, the stacking density of the ceramsite is further reduced; the modified corncob with specific content is added, and the corncob modified by sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution is used as the raw material of the ceramsite through microwave treatment, so that the stacking density of the ceramsite can be obviously reduced, and the barrel pressure intensity of the ceramsite can be further improved.
The raw materials are easy to obtain, and the interior of the obtained ceramsite is of a microporous structure through the synergistic effect among the specific coal-based solid waste, the modified corncob, the modified attapulgite, the silica fume and the cement-based adhesive, and has the advantages of high strength, low bulk density, high practicability and the like.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps: calcining the attapulgite at 180-200 ℃ to obtain primary modified attapulgite; adding dodecyl triphenylphosphine bromide, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and water into the primary modified attapulgite, uniformly mixing, reacting at 50-60 ℃, filtering, and drying to obtain the modified attapulgite.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the attapulgite to the dodecyl triphenylphosphine bromide to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 12-15:0.5-0.7:0.5-0.7.
The attapulgite is subjected to high-temperature calcination treatment, so that the internal structure of the attapulgite is changed, the specific surface area of the primary modified attapulgite is increased, and the bulk density of the ceramsite can be obviously reduced when the primary modified attapulgite is applied to the ceramsite; further selecting dodecyl triphenylphosphine bromide and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide to further modify the primary modified attapulgite, fully dispersing the modified attapulgite, preventing attapulgite from agglomerating, and in the experimental process, the inventor discovers through a large number of experiments that the strength of the modified attapulgite can be obviously improved by calcining the attapulgite and then screening out specific content of dodecyl triphenylphosphine bromide and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide to modify the primary modified attapulgite.
The preferred mass ratio of the attapulgite, the dodecyl triphenylphosphine bromide and the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is favorable for improving the barrel pressure strength of the ceramsite.
Preferably, the water is used in an amount exceeding that of attapulgite, dodecyl triphenylphosphine bromide and cetyl trimethylammonium bromide.
Preferably, the calcination time is 2h-3h.
Preferably, the reaction time is 5h-6h.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified corncob comprises the following steps: heating corncob with water content of 35-40% with microwave at 1300-1400W for 45s-55s to obtain pretreated corncob; and soaking the pretreated corncob in 6.5-7 g/L sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution to obtain the modified corncob.
The preferred modified corncob is firstly subjected to microwave treatment, so that the prepared corncob has the characteristic of being porous, further, the pretreated corncob is soaked in sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution with specific concentration, sodium bicarbonate is attached to the pretreated corncob, the prepared modified corncob is used as a raw material of ceramsite, the sodium bicarbonate solution is used as a modifier, the problem that the pressure of a cylinder is easily reduced due to instant carbonization of the corncob can be solved, and the modified corncob can further reduce the stacking density of the ceramsite.
Preferably, the particle size of the corncob is 150-200 meshes.
Preferably, the mass-volume ratio of the pretreated corncob to the sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution is 1:5-6, the unit of mass is g, and the unit of volume is mL.
Preferably, the soaking temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the soaking time is 1-2 h.
Preferably, the content of silicon dioxide in the silica fume is 82% -85%.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the fly ash to the gangue in the coal-based solid waste is 7-10:2.
The optimized mass ratio can fully play the synergistic effect of the fly ash and the coal gangue, and obviously improves the compressive strength of the ceramsite.
Preferably, the cement-based binder is a mixture of bauxite and p.i. Portland cement in a mass ratio of 1.5-2:1.
The cement-based adhesive can improve the compressive strength and the water absorption rate of the ceramsite and can further reduce the bulk density of the ceramsite.
Preferably, the content of the aluminum oxide in the high bauxite is 55% -60%.
Preferably, the binding agent is a destructured starch.
Specifically, the modified starch is acetate modified starch, and the substitution degree of the acetate modified starch is 0.5-1.2.
Preferably, the plasticizer is at least one of glycerol, raw tung oil, polyethylene glycol or castor oil.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the lightweight high-strength ceramsite, which comprises the following steps:
weighing the components according to the mass ratio, uniformly mixing the weighed coal-based solid waste, the modified attapulgite, the silica fume, the bonding agent and the cement-based adhesive, and grinding to obtain mixed raw materials;
and adding the weighed plasticizer and the modified corncob into the mixed raw material, uniformly mixing, pelletizing, and roasting the green pellets to obtain the light high-strength ceramsite.
Preferably, the fineness of the grinding is 100-150 mesh.
Preferably, the roasting adopts a temperature programming mode, the temperature is raised to 1105-1200 ℃ at the speed of 5-8 ℃ per minute, and the roasting time is 25-35 min.
The preferable heating rate can ensure the cylinder pressure strength of the ceramsite.
The preparation method of the lightweight high-strength ceramsite provided by the invention effectively utilizes coal-based solid waste and agricultural waste, not only achieves the purposes of energy conservation and environmental protection, but also achieves the purposes of obviously improving the cylinder pressure strength of the ceramsite and reducing the stacking density of the ceramsite.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In order to better illustrate the present invention, the following examples are provided for further illustration.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a lightweight high-strength ceramsite, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
68 parts of coal-based solid waste, 10 parts of modified attapulgite, 16 parts of modified corncob with the particle size of 150 meshes, 6 parts of micro silicon powder with the silicon dioxide content of 82%, 10 parts of acetate modified starch with the substitution degree of 0.5, 2 parts of cement-based adhesive and 2 parts of glycerol;
wherein the coal-based solid waste is a mixture of fly ash and coal gangue in a mass ratio of 7:2;
the cement-based adhesive is a mixture of high bauxite and P.I silicate cement in a mass ratio of 1.5:1, and the content of aluminum oxide in the high bauxite is 60%;
the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps: calcining the attapulgite at 200 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain primary modified attapulgite; adding dodecyl triphenylphosphine bromide, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and water into the primary modified attapulgite, uniformly mixing, reacting for 5 hours at 50 ℃, filtering and drying to obtain the modified attapulgite, wherein the mass ratio of the attapulgite to the dodecyl triphenylphosphine bromide to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 12:0.5:0.7;
the preparation method of the modified corncob comprises the following steps: heating corncob with water content of 40% with microwave at 1300W for 55s to obtain pretreated corncob; soaking the pretreated corncob in 7g/L sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution at 25 ℃ for 1h to obtain the modified corncob, wherein the mass-volume ratio of the pretreated corncob to the sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution is 1 g/6 mL;
the embodiment provides a preparation method of the light high-strength ceramsite, which comprises the following steps:
weighing the components according to the mass ratio, uniformly mixing the weighed coal-based solid waste, the modified attapulgite, the micro silicon powder, the acetate modified starch and the cement-based adhesive, and grinding the mixture to the fineness of 100 meshes to obtain mixed raw materials;
and adding the weighed glycerol and the modified corncob into the mixed raw material, uniformly mixing, pelletizing, roasting the green pellets at 1105 ℃ for 25min, and setting the heating rate to be 5 ℃/min in a temperature programming mode to obtain the light high-strength ceramsite.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a lightweight high-strength ceramsite, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
62 parts of coal-based solid waste, 15 parts of modified attapulgite, 12 parts of modified corncob with the particle size of 200 meshes, 4 parts of silica fume with the silica content of 85%, 13 parts of acetate modified starch with the substitution degree of 1.2, 3 parts of cement-based adhesive and 1 part of polyethylene glycol;
wherein the coal-based solid waste is a mixture of coal ash and coal gangue in a mass ratio of 10:2;
the cement-based adhesive is a mixture of bauxite and P.I. silicate cement in a mass ratio of 2:1, and the content of aluminum oxide in the bauxite is 55%;
the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps: calcining the attapulgite at 180 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain primary modified attapulgite; adding dodecyl triphenylphosphine bromide, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and water into the primary modified attapulgite, uniformly mixing, reacting for 6 hours at 60 ℃, filtering and drying to obtain the modified attapulgite, wherein the mass ratio of the attapulgite to the dodecyl triphenylphosphine bromide to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 15:0.7:0.5;
the preparation method of the modified corncob comprises the following steps: heating cob with water content of 35% with 1400W microwave for 45s to obtain pretreated cob; soaking the pretreated corncob in 6.5g/L sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution at 30 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the modified corncob, wherein the mass-volume ratio of the pretreated corncob to the sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution is 1 g/5 mL;
the embodiment provides a preparation method of the light high-strength ceramsite, which comprises the following steps:
weighing the components according to the mass ratio, uniformly mixing the weighed coal-based solid waste, the modified attapulgite, the micro silicon powder, the acetate modified starch and the cement-based adhesive, and grinding the mixture to the fineness of 150 meshes to obtain mixed raw materials;
adding the weighed polyethylene glycol and the modified corncob into the mixed raw material, uniformly mixing, pelletizing, roasting the green pellets at 1200 ℃ for 35min, and setting the heating rate to 8 ℃/min in a temperature programming mode to obtain the light high-strength ceramsite.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a lightweight high-strength ceramsite, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
65 parts of coal-based solid waste, 12 parts of modified attapulgite, 13 parts of modified corncob with the particle size of 180 meshes, 5 parts of silica fume with the silica content of 83%, 12 parts of acetate modified starch with the substitution degree of 0.8, 2 parts of cement-based adhesive and 2 parts of castor oil;
wherein the coal-based solid waste is a mixture of fly ash and coal gangue in a mass ratio of 9:2;
the cement-based adhesive is a mixture of high bauxite and P.I silicate cement in a mass ratio of 1.7:1, and the content of aluminum oxide in the high bauxite is 58%;
the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps: calcining the attapulgite at 190 ℃ for 2.5 hours to obtain primary modified attapulgite; adding dodecyl triphenylphosphine bromide, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and water into the primary modified attapulgite, uniformly mixing, reacting for 5.5 hours at 55 ℃, filtering and drying to obtain the modified attapulgite, wherein the mass ratio of the attapulgite to the dodecyl triphenylphosphine bromide to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 14:0.6:0.6;
the preparation method of the modified corncob comprises the following steps: heating corncob with water content of 38% with 1350W microwave for 50s to obtain pretreated corncob; soaking the pretreated corncob in 6.8g/L sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution at 28 ℃ for 1.5 hours to obtain the modified corncob, wherein the mass-volume ratio of the pretreated corncob to the sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution is 1g:5.5mL;
the embodiment provides a preparation method of the light high-strength ceramsite, which comprises the following steps:
weighing the components according to the mass ratio, uniformly mixing the weighed coal-based solid waste, the modified attapulgite, the micro silicon powder, the acetate modified starch and the cement-based adhesive, and grinding the mixture to the fineness of 100 meshes to obtain mixed raw materials;
and adding the weighed castor oil and the modified corncob into the mixed raw material, uniformly mixing, granulating, roasting the raw material at 1150 ℃ for 30min, and setting the heating rate to 7 ℃/min in a temperature programming mode to obtain the light high-strength ceramsite.
Example 4
Compared with embodiment 1, this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the mass ratio of attapulgite, dodecyl triphenylphosphine bromide and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide was 12:2:0.7, and the other procedures were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
Compared with example 1, this comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the procedure of example 1 was repeated except that dodecyltriphenylphosphine bromide was replaced with an equal amount of isopropyl triethoxysilane.
Comparative example 2
Compared with example 1, this comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the coal gangue was replaced with an equal amount of shale, and the other operation steps were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
Compared with example 1, this comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that the silica fume was replaced with an equal amount of white carbon black.
Comparative example 4
Compared with example 1, this comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the modified corncob was replaced with an equivalent amount of corncob, and the other steps were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 5
Compared with example 1, this comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the procedure was the same as in example 1 except that the aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution was replaced with an equal amount of aqueous sodium carbonate solution.
Comparative example 6
Compared with example 1, this comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the modified attapulgite was 20 parts, and the other steps were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 7
Compared with example 1, this comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the modified corncob was 20 parts, and the other steps were the same as in example 1.
Application example
The ceramsite prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-7 was tested according to GB/T17431.2-2010, and specific test indexes and test results are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
| Bulk density/kg/m 3 | Barrel pressure strength/MPa | |
| Example 1 | 438 | 11.2 |
| Example 2 | 425 | 10.9 |
| Example 3 | 418 | 10.3 |
| Example 4 | 512 | 8.5 |
| Comparative example 1 | 615 | 6.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | 618 | 5.9 |
| Comparative example 3 | 720 | 8.5 |
| Comparative example 4 | 820 | 9.4 |
| Comparative example 5 | 750 | 4.8 |
| Comparative example 6 | 480 | 5.2 |
| Comparative example 7 | 680 | 4.1 |
Table 1 shows that the ceramsite prepared in examples 1-4 of the present invention has the characteristics of light weight and high strength, and the bulk density thereof is as low as 418kg/m 3 The cylinder pressure strength can reach more than 10 MPa. The preparation method of the lightweight high-strength ceramsite provided by the invention effectively utilizes coal-based solid wastesThe ceramic granules provided by the invention have the advantages that the preparation process is simple, the ceramic granules are suitable for industrial popularization and application, and the prepared ceramic granules can be used as building lightweight aggregates or building sand stones, and have excellent environmental benefits, economic benefits and social benefits.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The lightweight high-strength ceramsite is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
62-68 parts of coal-based solid waste, 10-15 parts of modified attapulgite, 12-16 parts of modified corncob, 4-6 parts of silica fume, 10-13 parts of binding agent, 2-3 parts of cement-based adhesive and 1-2 parts of plasticizer;
wherein the coal-based solid waste is a mixture of fly ash and coal gangue in a mass ratio of 7-10:2;
the preparation method of the modified attapulgite comprises the following steps: calcining the attapulgite at 180-200 ℃ to obtain primary modified attapulgite; adding dodecyl triphenylphosphine bromide, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and water into the primary modified attapulgite, uniformly mixing, reacting at 50-60 ℃, filtering, and drying to obtain the modified attapulgite;
the preparation method of the modified corncob comprises the following steps: heating corncob with water content of 35-40% with microwave at 1300-1400W for 45s-55s to obtain pretreated corncob; soaking the pretreated corncob in 6.5g/L-7g/L sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution to obtain the modified corncob;
the content of silicon dioxide in the silica fume is 82% -85%.
2. The lightweight high strength ceramsite according to claim 1, wherein the reaction time is 5h-6h; and/or
The mass ratio of the attapulgite to the dodecyl triphenylphosphine bromide to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 12-15:0.5-0.7:0.5-0.7.
3. The lightweight high-strength ceramsite according to claim 1, wherein the corncob has a particle size of 150-200 mesh; and/or
The mass volume ratio of the pretreated corncob to the sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution is 1:5-6, the unit of mass is g, and the unit of volume is mL; and/or
The soaking temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the soaking time is 1-2 h.
4. The lightweight high strength ceramsite according to claim 1, wherein the binder is modified starch; and/or
The plasticizer is at least one of glycerol, raw tung oil, polyethylene glycol or castor oil; and/or
The cement-based adhesive is a mixture of high bauxite and P.I. silicate cement in a mass ratio of 1.5-2:1.
5. The lightweight high-strength ceramsite according to claim 4, wherein the modified starch is acetate modified starch, and the substitution degree of the acetate modified starch is 0.5-1.2; and/or
The content of aluminum oxide in the high bauxite is 55% -60%.
6. A method for preparing the lightweight high-strength ceramsite according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps:
weighing the components according to the mass ratio, uniformly mixing the weighed coal-based solid waste, the modified attapulgite, the silica fume, the bonding agent and the cement-based adhesive, and grinding to obtain mixed raw materials;
and adding the weighed plasticizer and the modified corncob into the mixed raw material, uniformly mixing, pelletizing, and roasting the green pellets to obtain the light high-strength ceramsite.
7. The method for preparing the lightweight high-strength ceramsite according to claim 6, wherein the firing adopts a temperature programming mode, the temperature is raised to 1105-1200 ℃ at a speed of 5-8 ℃/min, and the firing time is 25-35 min; and/or
The fineness of the grinding is 100-150 meshes.
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