CN108727060A - Iron tailing sintered light heat-insulation wall material and preparation method - Google Patents
Iron tailing sintered light heat-insulation wall material and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108727060A CN108727060A CN201810574216.7A CN201810574216A CN108727060A CN 108727060 A CN108727060 A CN 108727060A CN 201810574216 A CN201810574216 A CN 201810574216A CN 108727060 A CN108727060 A CN 108727060A
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- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/08—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding porous substances
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/327—Iron group oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3272—Iron oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. hematite, magnetite
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
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- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
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- C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of iron tailing sintered light heat-insulation wall material and preparation methods.The material technology scheme is：First 45~55% iron tailings powder, 20~30% expanded perlite, 15~25% bentonite and 5~15% feldspar are accurately weighed by weight percentage, after dry blended mixing plus water carries out wet mixing, sieving obtains the wet stock that grain size is less than or equal to 1mm, green body is obtained by the way of compression moulding, then through the iron tailing sintered light heat-insulation wall material of sintered at high temperature.The present invention is primary raw material using iron tailings, rational formula and technique is taken to prepare materials for wall, have the characteristics that salvage value is high, production cost is low, energy conservation and environmental protection, has opened up application of the iron tailings on preparing light heat-insulation wall material direction, the performance of product meets《Sintering heat-reserving brick and insulation blocks》The requirement of (GB 26538-2011).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation process fields of light heat-insulation wall material more particularly to a kind of iron tailing sintered lightweight to protect
Warm materials for wall and preparation method.
Background technology
Iron tailings is ore dressing plant under particular technology and economic condition, and the solid that iron ore is discharged after ore-dressing technique is useless
Material.In China, often produces 1 ton of smart iron ore and generate nearly 1.5 tons of tailings, nearly 1,800,000,000 tons of the annual yield of iron tailings, and be in
Increased trend year by year.These tailing bulk depositions do not only take up a large amount of soils in mining area, pollute local environment, but also meeting
It brings and greatly safeguards pressure and security risk.Meanwhile with a large amount of developments and utilizations of mineral resources, ore resource is increasingly poor
Weary, tailing is just being paid attention to by countries in the world as secondary resource recycling.
China's rapid economic development at present, but resource and the energy increasingly short severe conditions are faced with, and country is right
The management of clay mineral is increasingly stringenter, and clay brick yield is caused drastically to decline.The materials for wall prepared currently with iron tailings
It has the following disadvantages：First, the comprehensive performance of materials for wall is bad；Second is that the cost of raw material is higher, and technological process is more multiple
It is miscellaneous；Third, the utilization ratio of iron tailings is not high.
In recent years, light heat-insulation wall material development is very rapid, can effectively reduce indoor heat dissipating by wall
It loses, keeps indoor temperature, and then achieve the purpose that reduce energy consumption, while inorganic wall heat-insulating material has anti-flammability good
It is good, deformation quantity is small, anti-aging and oxidation susceptibility is strong, low manufacture cost and it is simple for process the advantages that, therefore it leads in architectural engineering
Domain is widely used and develops.
Invention content
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention offer is a kind of using iron tailings as primary raw material, appropriate makes is chosen
Hole agent, binder and the excellent light heat-insulation wall material of fluxing agent processability method, prepared light insulating wall
Material has the advantages that density is smaller, thermal coefficient is small, intensity is high, and performance meets《Sintering heat-reserving brick and insulation blocks》(GB
Requirement 26538-2011) can partly replace the environment friendly wall material for building of traditional clay brick, realize the recycling of resource
With recycling, meet the policy requirements of China's energy-saving and emission-reduction, and considerable economic benefit can be created.
For the present invention using iron tailings as primary raw material, usage amount reaches as high as 55%, maximally utilises mining wastes,
Greatly reduce cost and conducive to environmental protection.Expanded perlite is used to have the advantage that as pore creating material：Expanded perlite category
In a kind of nature of glass slag material, itself porous structure and density is small, heat transfer coefficient is low has certain expanded by heating
Property, so that the frequency of nature of glass combination water vapor increases in sintering process, generate more hole；Secondly, expanded perlite
It is nontoxic, tasteless, it is safe from harm to health, yield is big and of low cost, is adapted to prepare materials for wall.Bentonite simultaneously
It can be dispersed into colloid in water, and contribute to blank forming with certain caking property and lubricity, and can be on 600 DEG C of left sides
Constitution water is discharged under right sintering temperature, carries out the endothermic reaction, improves iron tailings activity, and then can improve light insulating wall
The plasticity and mechanical strength of material；SiO in feldspar2、Al2O3Equal substances can form the lower eutectic of fusing point with CaO,
And then sintering temperature can be significantly reduced, and efficiency is improved, it is energy-saving.The raw material type that the present invention uses only has 4 kinds, on the one hand
Raw material is common raw material, cheap, and iron tailings waste resource is efficiently utilized, on the other hand in the processing of raw material
With can greatly simplify processing step in the production process of product, improve production efficiency.Prepared light heat-insulation wall material
Can be excellent, have the advantages that density is low, and intensity is high, and thermal coefficient is relatively low.The light heat-insulation wall material prepared under optimal conditions,
Bulk density is 0.9583g/cm3, compression strength 6.2MPa, water absorption rate 42.12%, apparent porosity 40.03%, heat transfer
Coefficient is 0.479 (m2K)/W, high comprehensive performance.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of iron tailing sintered light heat-insulation wall material, is made of following raw material by weight percentage：Iron tailings powder 45
~55%, expanded perlite 20~30%, bentonite 15~25%, feldspar 5~15%.
Above-mentioned iron tailings powder grain size is less than or equal to 0.25mm；The grain size of the feldspar is less than or equal to 0.3mm.
Above-mentioned raw material is by percentage to the quality：
The group of the iron tailings powder becomes Fe2O38~12%, SiO230~40%, Al2O38~15%；
The group of the expanded perlite becomes Fe2O31~2%, SiO270~80%, Al2O310~15%；
Described bentonitic group becomes Fe2O32~4%, SiO260~70%, Al2O310~20%；
The group of the feldspar becomes SiO260~70%, Al2O315~25%.
A method of above-mentioned iron tailing sintered light heat-insulation wall material is prepared, is included the following steps：
(1) dry-mixed --- each component is accurately weighed in proportion, and load weighted sample is placed in stirring at low speed in blender
10min so that each component mixes well；
(2) wet mixing --- it adds water in mixing dry material, and is obtained wet with stirring at low speed 15min in blender
Degree and even-grained mixed material；
(3) it is molded --- the accurate wet stock for weighing fixed mass, compression moulding of pressurizeing obtain green body after demoulding；
(4) fire --- it is fired after drying green body, obtains iron tailing sintered porous light heat-insulation wall material.
In above-mentioned steps (1),
The preparation process of iron tailings powder is as follows：Iron tailings is crushed to grain size less than or equal to after 20mm using hammer mill
Grain size is ground to less than or equal to 0.25mm through vibrating sample grinding machine again；
In above-mentioned steps (1), the preparation process of feldspar is as follows：It is small that feldspar mineral aggregate is crushed to grain size using hammer mill
Grain size is ground to less than or equal to 0.3mm after equal to 18mm, then through vibrating sample grinding machine.
In above-mentioned steps (2) water with mix dry material with weight ratio 0.098~0.110：1 mixing, will after rolling mixing
Wet stock is sieved to grain size and is less than or equal to 1mm.
Moulding pressure is 5~7.5MPa, dwell time 1s in above-mentioned steps (3).
Drying temperature is 100~105 DEG C in above-mentioned steps (4), the time 20~for 24 hours；The firing condition is initial temperature
For room temperature, heating rate is 15 DEG C/min, and holding temperature is 900~1050 DEG C, and soaking time is 0.5~1.5h, the type of cooling
For natural cooling.
Above-mentioned firing condition is that initial temperature is room temperature, and heating rate is 15 DEG C/min, and holding temperature is 900~1050
DEG C, soaking time is 0.5~1.5h, and the type of cooling is natural cooling.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
(1) it uses iron tailings as primary raw material, is conducive to cost control and environmental protection；Only 4 kinds of raw material type simplifies technique,
Improve production efficiency；
(2) use expanded perlite as pore creating material, it is possible to increase porosity, it is of low cost and nontoxic, it is conducive to health；
(3) light heat-insulation wall material prepared by has the characteristics that density is low, compression strength is high, thermal coefficient is low, property
Energy is excellent and meets《Sintering heat-reserving brick and insulation blocks》The requirement of (GB 26538-2011).
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of preparation method of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further described, and present disclosure is completely without being limited thereto.
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of preparation method of the present invention.Involved in embodiment to percentage composition be quality percentage
Than.Iron tailings is derived from Daye City of Hubei Province Jinshandian town mountains Xi Ye tailing dam；Expanded perlite is derived from Xinyang City, Henan Province heaven
Ti Yan mines factory；Bentonite is derived from Xinyang City, Henan Province；Feldspar is derived from Hebei province Lingshou County.
Pretreatment of raw material：
Iron tailings is crushed to grain size using hammer mill and is less than or equal to after 20mm again through shaking by the pretreatment of iron tailings powder
Dynamic sample grinding machine is ground to grain size and is less than or equal to 0.25mm；
Feldspar mineral aggregate is crushed to grain size less than or equal to after 18mm, then through shaking by the pretreatment of feldspar using hammer mill
Dynamic sample grinding machine is ground to grain size and is less than or equal to 0.3mm.
Embodiment 1
Preparation method is as follows：
(1) according to iron tailings 45%, the proportioning of expanded perlite 30%, bentonite 15%, feldspar 10% weighs raw material, and
Each group is placed in blender, dry-mixed mixing is carried out with low speed；
(2) water-solid ratio 0.098 is pressed：1 correct amount is fetched water, and is added it in mixing dry material, and with low in blender
Speed stirring, obtains humidity and even-grained mixed material；
(3) wet stock of fixed mass accurately is weighed, and is pressed under conditions of pressure 7.5MPa, dwell time 1s
Type obtains green body after demoulding；
(4) green body is placed in drying box, is dried for 24 hours under conditions of 100 DEG C, then in 15 DEG C/min of heating rate, burnt
The green body after drying is fired under conditions of 900 DEG C of junction temperature and soaking time 1h, iron tailing sintered lightweight is obtained and protects
Warm materials for wall.
Prepared light heat-insulation wall material is after tested：Density is 0.9597g/cm3, compression strength 5.4MPa, suction
Water rate is 46.73%, apparent porosity 48.21%, and heat transfer coefficient is 0.486 (m2·k)/W。
Embodiment 2
Preparation method is as follows：
(1) it presses according to iron tailings 55%, the proportioning of expanded perlite 20%, bentonite 15%, feldspar 10% weighs raw material,
And each group is placed in blender, dry-mixed mixing is carried out with low speed；
(2) water-solid ratio 0.098 is pressed：1 correct amount is fetched water, and is added it in mixing dry material, and with low in blender
Speed stirring, obtains humidity and even-grained mixed material；
(3) wet stock of fixed mass accurately is weighed, and is pressed under conditions of pressure 7.5MPa, dwell time 1s
Type obtains green body after demoulding；
(4) green body is placed in drying box, dry 22h under conditions of 105 DEG C, then in 15 DEG C/min of heating rate, burnt
The green body after drying is fired under conditions of 900 DEG C of junction temperature and soaking time 1h, iron tailing sintered lightweight is obtained and protects
Warm materials for wall.
Prepared light heat-insulation wall material is after tested：Density is 0.9667g/cm3, compression strength 6.5MPa, suction
Water rate is 35.83%, apparent porosity 41.86%, and heat transfer coefficient is 0.522 (m2·k)/W。
Embodiment 3
Preparation method is as follows：
(1) it presses according to iron tailings 45%, the proportioning of expanded perlite 20%, bentonite 25%, feldspar 10% weighs raw material,
And each group is placed in blender, dry-mixed mixing is carried out with low speed；
(2) water-solid ratio 0.11 is pressed：1 correct amount is fetched water, and is added it in mixing dry material, and with low speed in blender
Stirring, obtains humidity and even-grained mixed material；
(3) wet stock of fixed mass accurately is weighed, and is pressed under conditions of pressure 7.5MPa, dwell time 1s
Type obtains green body after demoulding；
(4) green body is placed in drying box, is dried for 24 hours under conditions of 105 DEG C, then in 15 DEG C/min of heating rate, burnt
The green body after drying is fired under conditions of 900 DEG C of junction temperature and soaking time 1h, iron tailing sintered lightweight is obtained and protects
Warm materials for wall.
Prepared light heat-insulation wall material is after tested：Density is 0.9986g/cm3, compression strength 7.6MPa, suction
Water rate is 35.88%, apparent porosity 44.55%, and heat transfer coefficient is 0.534 (m2·k)/W。
Embodiment 4
Preparation method is as follows：
(1) according to iron tailings 50%, the proportioning of expanded perlite 25%, bentonite 20%, feldspar 5% weighs raw material, and
Each group is placed in blender, dry-mixed mixing is carried out with low speed；
(2) water-solid ratio 0.104 is pressed：1 correct amount is fetched water, and is added it in mixing dry material, and with low in blender
Speed stirring, obtains humidity and even-grained mixed material；
(3) the accurate wet stock for weighing fixed mass, and the compression moulding under conditions of pressure 6MPa, dwell time 1s,
Green body is obtained after demoulding；
(4) green body is placed in drying box, dry 20h under conditions of 105 DEG C, then in 15 DEG C/min of heating rate, burnt
The green body after drying is fired under conditions of 1000 DEG C of junction temperature and soaking time 1h, iron tailing sintered lightweight is obtained and protects
Warm materials for wall.
Prepared light heat-insulation wall material is after tested：Density is 0.9874g/cm3, compression strength 6.2MPa, suction
Water rate is 35.73%, apparent porosity 42.01%, and heat transfer coefficient is 0.525 (m2·k)/W。
Embodiment 5
Preparation method is as follows：
(1) according to iron tailings 45%, the proportioning of expanded perlite 25%, bentonite 15%, feldspar 15% weighs raw material, and
Each group is placed in blender, dry-mixed mixing is carried out with low speed；
(2) water-solid ratio 0.098 is pressed:1 correct amount is fetched water, and is added it in mixing dry material, and with low in blender
Speed stirring, obtains humidity and even-grained mixed material；
(3) the accurate wet stock for weighing fixed mass, and the compression moulding under conditions of pressure 5MPa, dwell time 1s,
Green body is obtained after demoulding；
(4) green body is placed in drying box, is dried for 24 hours under conditions of 105 DEG C, then in 15 DEG C/min of heating rate, burnt
The green body after drying is fired under conditions of 900 DEG C of junction temperature and soaking time 1.5h, obtains iron tailing sintered lightweight
Insulating wall material.
Prepared light heat-insulation wall material is after tested：Density is 0.9623g/cm3, compression strength 5.7MPa, suction
Water rate is 36.14%, apparent porosity 40.53%, and heat transfer coefficient is 0.527 (m2·k)/W。
Embodiment 6
Preparation method is as follows：
(1) according to iron tailings 45%, the proportioning of expanded perlite 25%, bentonite 20%, feldspar 10% weighs raw material, and
Each group is placed in blender, dry-mixed mixing is carried out with low speed；
(2) water-solid ratio 0.104 is pressed:1 correct amount is fetched water, and is added it in mixing dry material, and with low in blender
Speed stirring, obtains humidity and even-grained mixed material；
(3) wet stock of fixed mass accurately is weighed, and is pressed under conditions of pressure 7.5MPa, dwell time 1s
Type obtains green body after demoulding；
(4) green body is placed in drying box, is dried for 24 hours under conditions of 105 DEG C, then in 15 DEG C/min of heating rate, burnt
The green body after drying is fired under conditions of 1050 DEG C of junction temperature and soaking time 1h, iron tailing sintered lightweight is obtained and protects
Warm materials for wall.
Prepared light heat-insulation wall material is after tested：Density is 0.9973g/cm3, compression strength 8.9MPa, suction
Water rate is 31.67%, apparent porosity 38.31%, and heat transfer coefficient is 0.512 (m2·k)/W。
Embodiment 7
Preparation method is as follows：
(1) according to iron tailings 45%, the proportioning of expanded perlite 25%, bentonite 20%, feldspar 10% weighs raw material, and
Each group is placed in blender, dry-mixed mixing is carried out with low speed；
(2) water-solid ratio 0.104 is pressed:1 correct amount is fetched water, and is added it in mixing dry material, and with low in blender
Speed stirring, obtains humidity and even-grained mixed material；
(3) the accurate wet stock for weighing fixed mass, and the compression moulding under conditions of pressure 5MPa, dwell time 1s,
Green body is obtained after demoulding；
(4) green body is placed in drying box, is dried for 24 hours under conditions of 105 DEG C, then in 15 DEG C/min of heating rate, burnt
The green body after drying is fired under conditions of 900 DEG C of junction temperature and soaking time 0.5h, obtains iron tailing sintered lightweight
Insulating wall material.
Prepared light heat-insulation wall material is after tested：Density is 0.9583g/cm3, compression strength 6.2MPa, suction
Water rate is 42.12%, apparent porosity 40.03%, and heat transfer coefficient is 0.479 (m2·k)/W。
In conclusion the iron tailing sintered light heat-insulation wall material density prepared by Examples 1 to 7, compression strength and
Ranging from 0.901~1.000g/cm of thermal coefficient3, 5~7.5MPa and 0.41~0.60 (m2K)/W, meets national standard《Sintering
Insulating brick and insulation blocks》Density rating 1000, strength grade MU5.0 in (GB 26538-2011) and heat transfer coefficient grade
0.6 requirement uses expanded perlite as pore-forming material, so according to national standard additionally, due in the present invention《Sintering heat-reserving brick
And insulation blocks》Its water absorption rate of the requirement of (GB 26538-2011) is unrestricted.It is prepared using the preparation method of the present invention light
Vacuum materials for wall is a kind of materials for wall of low cost, environmentally friendly, function admirable.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the invention be not limited thereto,
Any modification that any one skilled in the art is made in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, equivalent replacement and
Improve etc., it should be included within the protection domain of invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of iron tailing sintered light heat-insulation wall material, which is characterized in that be made by weight percentage of following raw material：Iron
Mine tailing 45~55%, expanded perlite 20~30%, bentonite 15~25%, feldspar 5~15%.
2. iron tailing sintered light heat-insulation wall material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The iron tailings powder
Diameter is less than or equal to 0.25mm；The grain size of the feldspar is less than or equal to 0.3mm.
3. iron tailing sintered light heat-insulation wall material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that with mass percent
Meter：
The group of the iron tailings powder becomes Fe2O38~12%, SiO230~40%, Al2O38~15%；
The group of the expanded perlite becomes Fe2O31~2%, SiO270~80%, Al2O310~15%；
Described bentonitic group becomes Fe2O32~4%, SiO260~70%, Al2O310~20%；
The group of the feldspar becomes SiO260~70%, Al2O315~25%.
4. a kind of method preparing iron tailing sintered light heat-insulation wall material described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including
Following steps：
(1) dry-mixed --- each component is accurately weighed in proportion, load weighted sample is placed in stirring at low speed in blender so that each
Component mixes well；
(2) wet mixing --- add water in mixing dry material, and in blender with stirring at low speed until obtain humidity and grain
Spend uniform mixed material；
(3) it is molded --- the accurate wet stock for weighing fixed mass, compression moulding of pressurizeing obtain green body after demoulding；
(4) fire --- it is fired after drying green body, obtains iron tailing sintered porous light heat-insulation wall material.
5. the method according to claim 4 for preparing iron tailing sintered light heat-insulation wall material, which is characterized in that described
In step (1),
The preparation process of iron tailings powder is as follows：Iron tailings is crushed to after grain size is less than or equal to 20mm using hammer mill and is passed through again
Vibration sample grinding machine is ground to grain size and is less than or equal to 0.25mm.
6. the method according to claim 4 for preparing iron tailing sintered light heat-insulation wall material, which is characterized in that described
In step (1), the preparation process of feldspar is as follows：Feldspar mineral aggregate is crushed to grain size using hammer mill and is less than or equal to 18mm
Afterwards, then through vibrating sample grinding machine grain size is ground to less than or equal to 0.3mm.
7. the method according to claim 4 for preparing iron tailing sintered light heat-insulation wall material, it is characterised in that：It is described
In step (2) water with mix dry material with weight ratio 0.098~0.110：1 mixing, grain is sieved to after rolling mixing by wet stock
Diameter is less than or equal to 1mm.
8. the method according to claim 4 for preparing iron tailing sintered light heat-insulation wall material, it is characterised in that：It is described
Moulding pressure is 5~7.5MPa, dwell time 1s in step (3).
9. the method according to claim 4 for preparing iron tailing sintered light heat-insulation wall material, it is characterised in that：It is described
Drying temperature is 100~105 DEG C in step (4), the time 20~for 24 hours.
10. the method according to claim 4 for preparing iron tailing sintered light heat-insulation wall material, it is characterised in that：Institute
It is room temperature that state firing condition, which be initial temperature, and heating rate is 15 DEG C/min, and holding temperature is 900~1050 DEG C, soaking time
For 0.5~1.5h, the type of cooling is natural cooling.
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| CN114279779A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-04-05 | 北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | Method for preparing cement clinker test sample in laboratory |
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