CN116099052A - 一种高活性骨修复支架材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高活性骨修复支架材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN116099052A
CN116099052A CN202310258045.8A CN202310258045A CN116099052A CN 116099052 A CN116099052 A CN 116099052A CN 202310258045 A CN202310258045 A CN 202310258045A CN 116099052 A CN116099052 A CN 116099052A
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柏玮
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种高活性骨修复支架材料的制备方法,属于医疗生物材料的技术领域,包括如下步骤:选取新鲜骨头分割、粉碎至骨颗粒;对骨颗粒进行冲洗,并用脱脂剂脱脂;浸泡到消毒剂中进行病毒灭活;再浸泡到离子液体溶液中;浸泡后洗涤;再浸泡在DNA酶溶液浸泡去除残余的细胞、细胞壁残留物;然后去离子水洗涤5‑10遍;最后,干燥,分装,辐照灭菌。该方法无常规骨粉加工的高温马弗炉煅烧过程,能耗小,绿色;冲洗过程只用少量乙醇,试剂使用量低,冲洗高效,利于工业化生产。去除天然骨中有机成分的同时,保存了骨材料天然结构,不影响羟基磷灰石晶型,骨材料生物活性高,利于细胞黏附、迁移、增殖;主要试剂离子液体可经再生剂处理后,回收利用。

Description

一种高活性骨修复支架材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于医疗生物材料的技术领域,尤其是涉及一种高活性骨修复支架材料的制备方法。
背景技术
随着口腔医学技术的不断发展和人群对口腔美学需求的增加,种植牙技术在患者牙缺失的修复治疗中得以广泛应用。然而,由于外伤、感染、肿瘤、牙周炎和牙缺损过久等因素,常导致牙槽骨骨量不足,需先行拔牙窝填充、牙槽嵴保留、上颌窦填充等骨增量手术。口腔植骨材料可在其中起到一定作用,维持患区骨量和引导新骨的生成。
口腔植骨材料大致可区分为自体骨、同种异体骨、异种骨和合成骨材料几种类型。自体骨可以是皮质骨、松质骨或二者的组合,常于口内刮取自体骨或取自体肋骨、髂骨进行骨移植。自体骨移植修复效果最佳,但不可避免的对患者造成供区疼痛等伤害;同种异体骨可作为替代方案,其临床效果也广泛得到认可,但存在疾病传播的风险。异种骨和同种骨一样,牛骨、猪骨等具有与人体骨骼和牙齿相似的结构和成分,其松质骨的连通大孔结构,可促进细胞的黏附迁移、增殖与分化,表现出良好的成骨和成血管的能力,因而被广泛关注,一般可通过化学或深低温或高温煅烧等方法去除其免疫原性、阻止疾病传播。其中,脱细胞骨和高温煅烧骨是常见的两种异种口腔植骨材料,其区别在于是否保留骨的有机成分,脱细胞骨可保留天然蛋白和细胞因子等成分,具有较高生物活性,对细胞的生长调控和新骨生成矿化起到较大作用,但作用时间偏低;高温煅烧骨完全去除了骨的有机成分,煅烧和重结晶处理可改变材料的结晶度、晶型,调控其降解等性能,对骨再生造成不同的影响。目前临床上使用较多、修复效果较好的口腔骨粉产品中,煅烧骨居多,如Bio-Oss(Geistlich,瑞士)和骼瑞天然煅烧骨修复材料(陕西瑞盛,中国)。
但是,煅烧骨加工过程,需要长时间高温,一般在600-1100℃,处理时间2-12hrs,能耗较大,而且高温煅烧过程使羟基磷灰石晶体结构更加规整,骨材料晶体无定形性降低,生物活性减少,细胞黏附、增殖、迁移均受到不同程度的影响。而且,植入人体后,骨颗粒长时间得不到吸收降解,据研究报道,Bio-Oss降解时间长达数年,不利于真正的修复替代。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明旨在提出一种高活性骨修复支架材料的制备方法,以缓解上述的技术问题。
为达到上述目的,本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种高活性骨修复支架材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:选取新鲜骨头分割、粉碎至骨颗粒;对骨颗粒进行高压水枪冲洗,并用脱脂剂脱脂;将脱脂后的骨颗粒浸泡到消毒剂中进行病毒灭活;再将骨颗粒浸泡到离子液体溶液中,利用离子液体高溶解性能去除天然骨中的胶原蛋白有机成分;浸泡后取出,高压水枪冲洗,再用纯净水洗涤;再将获得的骨颗粒浸泡在DNA酶溶液浸泡去除残余的细胞、细胞壁残留物;然后高压水枪冲洗,去离子水洗涤5-10遍;最后,干燥,分装,辐照灭菌,即获得高活性骨修复材料。
进一步地,所述新鲜骨头来自牛骨松质骨部分、猪骨松质骨部分、珊瑚或者鹿角。
进一步地,所述脱脂剂为纯净水与25%-75%乙醇的混合溶液;高压水枪冲洗时,水温为50-80℃,冲洗时长为0.5-2hrs;脱脂剂处理时长为15-30min,温度为20-40℃。
进一步地,所述消毒剂为2-10%的H2O2溶液,其与骨颗粒的料液比为1:5-1:10,浸泡时间为15min-2hrs。消毒过程可实现病毒灭活消杀,同时可脱除松质骨中的部分有机物质。
进一步地,所述消毒剂为0.05-0.8%的过氧乙酸溶液,其与骨颗粒的料液比为1:3-1:15。
进一步地,离子液体与骨颗粒的料液比为1:5-1:15。
进一步地,离子液体使用后使用离子液体再生剂进行催化再生,所述离子液体再生剂为去离子水与乙醇、甲醇或者丙酮的混合溶液,所述离子液体再生剂与骨颗粒的料液比为1:5-1:10。
进一步地,所述离子液体为咪唑醋酸盐型离子液体、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐、溴代1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑、氯化胆碱·2ZnCl离子液体或者1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐离子液体,其浸泡温度分别为50℃、100℃。、110℃、120℃以及140℃。
进一步地,所述DNA酶溶液的酶活单位为1-10U/ml,其与骨颗粒的料液比为1:5-1:20。
相对于现有技术,本发明提供的一种高活性骨修复支架材料的制备方法具有以下优势:
1、本发明公开了一种高活性骨修复材料的制备方法,该方法仅仅包括分割粉碎、高压水枪冲洗、化学浸泡、离子液体溶液处理等过程,即获得高活性骨修复材料。该处理过程无常规骨粉加工的高温马弗炉煅烧过程,能耗小,绿色;冲洗过程只用少量乙醇,试剂使用量极低,冲洗高效,处理速度快,利于工业化生产。去除天然骨中有机成分的同时,完整保存了骨材料天然结构,也不影响羟基磷灰石晶型,骨材料生物活性高,利于细胞黏附、迁移、增殖。主要试剂离子液体可经再生剂处理后,回收利用,同时可副产骨胶原材料。
附图说明
构成本发明的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中:
图1是本发明骨修复支架材料XRD图;其中,A为本发明获得的骨修复材料的XRD图,B为煅烧法获得的骨修复材料的XRD图。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明,本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
下面将结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
一种高活性骨修复支架材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:选取新鲜骨头分割、粉碎至骨颗粒;对骨颗粒进行高压水枪冲洗,并用脱脂剂脱脂;将脱脂后的骨颗粒浸泡到消毒剂中进行病毒灭活;再将骨颗粒浸泡到离子液体溶液中,利用离子液体高溶解性能去除天然骨中的胶原蛋白有机成分;浸泡后取出,高压水枪冲洗,再用纯净水洗涤;再将获得的骨颗粒浸泡在DNA酶溶液浸泡去除残余的细胞、细胞壁残留物;然后高压水枪冲洗,去离子水洗涤5-10遍;最后,干燥,分装,辐照灭菌,即获得高活性骨修复材料。
更为优选地,所述新鲜骨头来自牛骨松质骨部分、猪骨松质骨部分、珊瑚或者鹿角。
更为优选地,所述脱脂剂为纯净水与25%-75%乙醇的混合溶液;高压水枪冲洗时,水温为50-80℃,冲洗时长为0.5-2hrs;脱脂剂处理时长为15-30min,温度为20-40℃。
更为优选地,所述消毒剂为2-10%的H2O2溶液,其与骨颗粒的料液比为1:5-1:10,浸泡时间为15min-2hrs。
更为优选地,所述消毒剂为0.05-0.8%的过氧乙酸溶液,其与骨颗粒的料液比为1:3-1:15。
更为优选地,离子液体与骨颗粒的料液比为1:5-1:15。
更为优选地,离子液体使用后使用离子液体再生剂进行催化再生,所述离子液体再生剂为去离子水与乙醇、甲醇或者丙酮的混合溶液,所述离子液体再生剂与骨颗粒的料液比为1:5-1:10。
更为优选地,所述离子液体为咪唑醋酸盐型离子液体、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐、溴代1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑、氯化胆碱·2ZnCl离子液体或者1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐离子液体,其浸泡温度分别为50℃、100℃。、110℃、120℃以及140℃。
更为优选地,所述DNA酶溶液的酶活单位为1-10U/ml,其与骨颗粒的料液比为1:5-1:20。
实施例1:
新鲜骨头选自牛骨松质骨部分,脱脂剂为纯净水与25%乙醇的混合溶液,脱脂处理时长为15min,温度为20℃;高压水冲洗时,水温为50℃,冲洗时长0.5hrs;消毒剂为2%的H2O2溶液,料液比为1:5;离子液体为咪唑醋酸盐型离子液体,浸泡温度为50℃,料液比为1:15;离子液体再生剂为去离子水与乙醇的混合溶液,料液比为1:5;DNA酶溶液的酶活单位为1U/ml,其与骨颗粒的料液比为1:5。
实施例2:
新鲜骨头选自新鲜鹿角,脱脂剂为纯净水与75%乙醇的混合溶液,脱脂处理时长为30min,温度为40℃;高压水冲洗时,水温为80℃,冲洗时长2hrs;消毒剂为0.8%过氧乙酸,料液比为1:15;离子液体为1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐离子液体,浸泡温度为140℃,料液比为1:15;离子液体再生剂为去离子水与丙酮的混合溶液,料液比为1:10;DNA酶溶液的酶活单位为10U/ml,其与骨颗粒的料液比为1:20。
实施例3:
新鲜骨头选自新鲜猪骨松质骨部分,脱脂剂为纯净水与55%乙醇的混合溶液,脱脂处理时长为20min,温度为30℃;高压水冲洗时,水温为65℃,冲洗时长1hrs;消毒剂为5%的H2O2溶液,料液比为1:15;离子液体为溴代1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体,浸泡温度为110℃,料液比为1:10;离子液体再生剂为去离子水与甲醇的混合溶液,料液比为1:8;DNA酶溶液的酶活单位为5U/ml,其与骨颗粒的料液比为1:10。
如图1所示,A为本发明获得的骨修复材料的XRD图,B为煅烧法获得的骨修复材料的XRD图。从图可以看出:与煅烧法获得的骨修复支架材料相比,专利方法获得的骨修复支架材料的羟基磷灰石特征衍射峰高度偏低,晶体结构完善性偏低,无定形性较强,呈现良好的生物活性。
精密称取专利法获得的样品100.0mg,按照YY/T0606.25-2014规定的方法测定DNA残留量,结果显示DNA残留量为3.2ng/mg。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种高活性骨修复支架材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
选取新鲜骨头分割、粉碎至骨颗粒;
对骨颗粒进行高压水枪冲洗,并用脱脂剂脱脂;
将脱脂后的骨颗粒浸泡到消毒剂中进行病毒灭活;
再将骨颗粒浸泡到离子液体溶液中,利用离子液体高溶解性能去除天然骨中的胶原蛋白有机成分;
浸泡后取出,高压水枪冲洗,再用纯净水洗涤;
再将获得的骨颗粒浸泡在DNA酶溶液浸泡去除残余的细胞、细胞壁残留物;
然后高压水枪冲洗,去离子水洗涤5-10遍;
最后,干燥,分装,辐照灭菌,即获得高活性骨修复材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高活性骨修复支架材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述新鲜骨头来自牛骨松质骨部分、猪骨松质骨部分、珊瑚或者鹿角。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高活性骨修复支架材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述脱脂剂为纯净水与25%-75%乙醇的混合溶液;
高压水枪冲洗时,水温为50-80℃,冲洗时长为0.5-2hrs;
脱脂剂处理时长为15-30min,温度为20-40℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高活性骨修复支架材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述消毒剂为2-10%的H2O2溶液,其与骨颗粒的料液比为1:5-1:10,浸泡时间为15min-2hrs。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高活性骨修复支架材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述消毒剂为0.05-0.8%的过氧乙酸溶液,其与骨颗粒的料液比为1:3-1:15。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高活性骨修复支架材料的制备方法,其特征在于,离子液体与骨颗粒的料液比为1:5-1:15。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种高活性骨修复支架材料的制备方法,其特征在于,离子液体使用后使用离子液体再生剂进行催化再生,所述离子液体再生剂为去离子水与乙醇、甲醇或者丙酮的混合溶液,所述离子液体再生剂与骨颗粒的料液比为1:5-1:10。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种高活性骨修复支架材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述离子液体为咪唑醋酸盐型离子液体、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐、溴代1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑、氯化胆碱·2ZnCl离子液体或者1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐离子液体,其浸泡温度分别为50℃、100℃。、110℃、120℃以及140℃。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种高活性骨修复支架材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述DNA酶溶液的酶活单位为1-10U/ml,其与骨颗粒的料液比为1:5-1:20。
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