CN116098045A

CN116098045A - Light and simple tobacco fertilizer distributor and working method

Info

Publication number: CN116098045A
Application number: CN202310235089.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 叶纪华; 赵亮; 李明华; 付强; 王琴; 柳江; 阿则晓龙; 李亚梦; 刘浩; 王忆
Original assignee: Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2023-03-13
Filing date: 2023-03-13
Publication date: 2023-05-12

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to a light and simple tobacco fertilizer distributor and a working method thereof. The invention provides a light and simple tobacco fertilizer applicator and a working method thereof, which can more accurately fertilizer tobacco roots, enable tobacco to fully absorb fertilizer and reduce fertilizer waste. A light and simple tobacco fertilizer applicator and a working method thereof comprise a chassis, rotating wheels, tracks and the like; the chassis is rotatably connected with four rotating wheels, two tracks are wound between the four rotating wheels, and the two tracks are symmetrically arranged. Operator starts driving motor, and this device moves forward, and the contact wheel can contact with higher ridge to make two shower upward movement to suitable position, this device continues the forward movement, makes the shower move down and resets, so, can make the shower remove better and aim at the tobacco root, thereby makes the fertilizer in the medical kit spray to the tobacco root more accurately, improves fertilizer utilization ratio, and then reduces the waste of fertilizer.

Description

Light and simple tobacco fertilizer distributor and working method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to a light and simple tobacco fertilizer distributor and a working method thereof.

Background

Tobacco is one of main economic crops in China, has large area and high yield, and has great significance in improving the yield of the tobacco, reducing loss and increasing economic benefit by recognizing and mastering the fertilizer requirement rule and fertilizer application technology of the tobacco.

However, at present, unmanned aerial vehicles are generally used for throwing fertilizer to tobacco, most of the thrown fertilizer is easy to stay at leaf parts of the tobacco, the fertilizer which is scattered to the root of the tobacco is less, and the position for throwing the fertilizer is not accurate enough, so that the tobacco is insufficient in fertilizer absorption, the growth cycle of the tobacco is affected, and the fertilizer is thrown in a large area to cause great fertilizer waste.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects that the existing unmanned aerial vehicle throws fertilizer to the tobacco field to fertilize inadequately, the tobacco can not absorb the fertilizer sufficiently, and the fertilizer is wasted to a great extent due to the large-area throwing of the fertilizer, the invention aims to provide the light and simple tobacco fertilizer applicator and the working method, which can fertilize the root of the tobacco more precisely, so that the tobacco can absorb the fertilizer more sufficiently, and the waste of the fertilizer can be reduced.

The technical implementation scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a light and simple tobacco fertilizer distributor and working method, includes chassis, rotor, track, driving motor, drive gear, handle, medical kit, adjustable booster pump, sealed lid, spraying mechanism and trigger mechanism, the last rotation of chassis is connected with four rotor, four around having two tracks between the rotor, two the track is the symmetry setting, be connected with driving motor on the chassis, all be connected with drive gear on driving motor's the output shaft and the rotor of driving motor top, two rotor meshing, be provided with the handle on the chassis, the chassis top is provided with the medical kit, the medical kit bottom is equipped with the discharge gate, be connected with adjustable booster pump on the medical kit outer wall, adjustable booster pump and medical kit intercommunication, the medical kit top lid has sealed lid, spraying mechanism sets up on the chassis, trigger mechanism sets up on the chassis.

More preferably, the two driving gears are located in the same vertical direction.

More preferably, the spraying mechanism comprises a movable frame, contact wheels, spraying pipes and connecting hoses, wherein the movable frame is connected to the chassis in a sliding mode, the movable frame is connected with two contact wheels in a rotating mode, the two contact wheels are symmetrically arranged, the movable frame is connected with two spraying pipes, the two spraying pipes are symmetrically arranged, the two spraying pipes are respectively provided with a connecting hose, the spraying pipes are communicated with the connecting hoses, the two connecting hoses are connected with the lower portion of the medicine chest, and the connecting hoses are communicated with the medicine chest.

More preferably, the contact wheel is in a rectangular truncated cone structure.

More preferably, the trigger mechanism comprises a notch gear, a rotating gear, a guide frame, a bent rod and a compression spring, wherein the notch gear is connected to the rotating gear above the driving motor, the rotating gear is connected to the chassis in a rotating mode, the notch gear and the rotating gear are located on the same horizontal plane, the notch gear is meshed with the rotating gear, a lug is arranged on the rotating gear, the guide frame is arranged on the chassis, the bent rod is connected with the guide frame in a sliding mode, the bent rod is in contact with the rotating gear, one end of the bent rod, far away from the guide frame, is connected with the lower portion of the medicine box in a sliding mode, the bent rod penetrates through the medicine box, and the compression spring is connected between the bent rod and the medicine box.

More preferably, the shower head further comprises an extension mechanism, the extension mechanism is arranged on the shower pipe and comprises guide blocks, push rods, connecting blocks, extension pipes and torsion springs, two guide blocks are arranged on the shower pipe, two guide blocks are in a group, two groups of guide blocks are connected with push rods in a sliding mode, the push rods are located below the bent rods and are in contact with the bent rods, two connecting blocks are connected to the shower pipe and are symmetrically arranged, the shower pipe is communicated with the connecting blocks, two extension pipes are connected to the connecting blocks in a rotating mode, the connecting blocks are communicated with the extension pipes, and the push rods are connected with the two extension pipes simultaneously, and torsion springs are connected between the connecting blocks and the extension pipes.

More preferably, the swing mechanism is arranged on the rotating wheel, the swing mechanism comprises a swing rod, a swing spray head, cams and a transmission rod, the two spray pipes are all connected with the swing rod in a rotating mode, the swing rod is connected with the swing spray head, the swing spray head is connected with the spray pipe in a rotating mode, the spray pipe is communicated with the swing spray head, the two cams are connected on the rotating wheel above the driving motor and are symmetrically arranged, the two cams are all provided with irregular limiting grooves, the two spray pipes are all connected with the transmission rod in a sliding mode, and the transmission rod is connected with the cams in a sliding mode.

More preferably, the bending rod further comprises a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is connected to the top of the bending rod.

The working method of the light and simple tobacco fertilizer applicator comprises the following working steps: s1, before an operator places the device on tobacco to be fertilized, opening a sealing cover to add fertilizer into a medicine box, then closing the sealing cover by the operator, starting an adjustable pressurizing pump by the operator, enhancing the air pressure in the medicine box, starting a driving motor by the operator, driving a crawler belt to move forwards by the driving motor, enabling a higher ridge to be in contact with a contact wheel, enabling a spray pipe to move upwards to a proper position, and enabling a bent rod to move back and forth by the driving motor, so that a discharge hole at the bottom of the medicine box is intermittently opened; s2, the driving motor also drives the two extension pipes to rotate in the direction away from the medicine box, the two swing spray heads swing, then fertilizer is sprayed to the root of tobacco through the spray heads, and then, an operator turns off the driving motor, so that the device stops running to complete the fertilization of the tobacco.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

the operator adjusts adjustable force (forcing) pump, strengthen the atmospheric pressure in the medical kit, the discharge gate of medical kit bottom is plugged up at the bent lever top initially, at first, the operator starts driving motor, make this device antedisplacement, the contact wheel can with higher ridge contact, higher ridge can extrude the contact wheel and upwards remove, thereby make two shower upwards remove to suitable position, this device continues the antedisplacement, the contact wheel can break away from the contact with higher ridge, make the shower remove the reset under the effect of gravity, so, the contact wheel can make the shower remove better and aim at the tobacco root, thereby make the fertilizer in the medical kit spray to the tobacco root more accurately, improve fertilizer utilization ratio, and then reduce the waste on the fertilizer.

Meanwhile, the rotating wheel above the driving motor rotates to drive the notch gear to rotate, so that the bent rod does not block the pesticide box any more, fertilizer is sprayed to the tobacco root through the spray pipe, then the notch gear continues to drive the rotating gear to intermittently rotate, so that the bent rod blocks the pesticide box again, the driving motor drives the rotating gear to rotate for one circle, meanwhile, the driving motor drives the two tracks to move to the next tobacco leaf, the spray pipe can align to the next tobacco root and sequentially reciprocate, the bent rod can be moved back and forth, the discharge hole at the bottom of the pesticide box is intermittently opened, a certain amount of fertilizer is intermittently dropped, and the tobacco is promoted to absorb the fertilizer better.

When the lug extrusion curved bar on the rotation gear moves towards the right side, can drive the push rod to move towards the direction of keeping away from the handle for two extension pipes rotate to suitable angle towards the direction of keeping away from the medical kit, torsion spring can be twisted, and when lug on the rotation gear breaks away from the contact with the curved bar, torsion spring can reset, and torsion spring resets and can drive extension pipe reverse rotation and reset, thereby makes the push rod move towards the direction of being close to the handle and reset, and is reciprocal in proper order, and extension pipe reciprocal rotation can push away the miscellaneous leaf of tobacco root, makes fertilizer spun position more be close to the tobacco root, thereby makes the fertilizer in the medical kit spray to the tobacco root more accurately, further improves the utilization ratio of fertilizer.

When the extension pipe rotates towards the direction of keeping away from the medical kit, the cam can drive the transmission rod to reciprocate around the irregular limiting groove on the cam, when the cam drives the transmission rod to move forwards, the swing rod can be made to swing upwards to drive the swing sprinkler head to swing upwards, when the cam rotates to drive the transmission rod to move backwards, the swing sprinkler head can be made to swing downwards under the action of gravity, so, the swing sprinkler head can swing back and forth, so that the fertilizer is sprayed more evenly, the medical herb can absorb the fertilizer better, and the swing rod can drive the swing sprinkler head to rotate when the fertilizer is sprayed, and further the fertilizer is sprayed more evenly.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the spray mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the triggering mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the bent rod, compression spring and medicine box of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a first part of the extension mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a second portion of the extension mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a partially disassembled perspective view of the extension mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic partial perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a part of a swing mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of the extension tube, swing lever and swing sprinkler head of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a crimp shaft and seal ring of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a cross-sectional view of a shower, connection block and extension tube of the present invention.

The marks of the components in the drawings are as follows: 1. chassis, 2, rotating wheel, 3, caterpillar, 31, driving motor, 32, driving gear, 4, handle, 5, medical kit, 61, adjustable booster pump, 62, sealed lid, 71, movable frame, 73, contact wheel, 74, shower, 75, connecting hose, 81, notch gear, 82, rotating gear, 83, leading truck, 84, bent rod, 85, compression spring, 91, guide block, 92, push rod, 93, connecting block, 94, extension tube, 95, torsion spring, 101, swing rod, 102, swing sprinkler, 103, cam, 104, transmission rod, 11, sealing washer.

Detailed Description

Standard parts used in the invention can be purchased from the market, special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description of the specification and the drawings, and the specific connection modes of the parts adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, pasting and the like in the prior art, and the detailed description is omitted.

Example 1

The utility model provides a light and simple tobacco fertilizer distributor and operating method, is shown as fig. 1-13, including chassis 1, rotor 2, track 3, driving motor 31, drive gear 32, handle 4, medical kit 5, adjustable booster pump 61, sealed lid 62, spraying mechanism and trigger mechanism, be connected with four rotor 2 on chassis 1 rotationally, four around having two tracks 3 between the rotor 2, two track 3 are symmetrical the setting, be connected with driving motor 31 through the bolted connection on chassis 1, all be connected with drive gear 32 through the flat key on the output shaft of driving motor 31 and the rotor 2 of driving motor 31 top, two driving gear 32 are located same vertical direction, two rotor 2 meshes, be connected with handle 4 through the bolted connection on chassis 1, chassis 1 top is connected with medical kit 5 through the rivet, the medical kit 5 bottom is equipped with the discharge gate, be connected with adjustable booster pump 61 through the rivet on the outer wall, adjustable booster pump 61 and case 5 intercommunication, lid 62 is provided with on the outer wall of medical kit 5, spraying mechanism is used for spraying mechanism on chassis 1.

The spraying mechanism comprises a movable frame 71, contact wheels 73, spraying pipes 74 and connecting hoses 75, wherein the movable frame 71 is connected to the chassis 1 in a sliding mode, the movable frame 71 is horizontally arranged, the movable frame 71 is rotatably connected with the two contact wheels 73, the contact wheels 73 are of rectangular round platform structures, the two contact wheels 73 are symmetrically arranged, the movable frame 71 is connected with the two spraying pipes 74 through bolts, the two spraying pipes 74 are symmetrically arranged, the two spraying pipes 74 are respectively provided with the connecting hoses 75, the spraying pipes 74 are communicated with the connecting hoses 75, the two connecting hoses 75 are respectively connected with the lower portion of the medicine box 5, and the connecting hoses 75 are communicated with the medicine box 5.

The trigger mechanism comprises a notch gear 81, a rotating gear 82, a guide frame 83, a bent rod 84 and a compression spring 85, wherein the notch gear 81 is connected to the rotating wheel 2 above the driving motor 31, the rotating gear 82 is rotationally connected to the chassis 1, the notch gear 81 and the rotating gear 82 are located on the same horizontal plane, the notch gear 81 is meshed with the rotating gear 82, a bump is arranged on the rotating gear 82, the chassis 1 is connected with the guide frame 83 through a rivet, the bent rod 84 is slidingly connected to the guide frame 83, the bent rod 84 is in contact with the rotating gear 82, one end of the bent rod 84, far away from the guide frame 83, is slidingly connected with the lower portion of the medicine box 5, the bent rod 84 penetrates through the medicine box 5, and the compression spring 85 is connected between the bent rod 84 and the medicine box 5.

The operator opens sealed lid 62, add fertilizer in to medical kit 5, then the operator closes sealed lid 62, then the operator adjusts adjustable force (forcing) pump 61, pour into a large amount of air into in medical kit 5, thereby strengthen the atmospheric pressure in the medical kit 5, initially the discharge gate of medical kit 5 bottom is plugged up at curved lever 84 top, at first the operator starts driving motor 31, make driving motor 31's output shaft rotate, driving motor 31's output shaft rotates and can drive driving gear 32 rotation on the driving motor 31, driving gear 32 rotation on driving motor 31 can drive driving gear 32 rotation on the rotor 2, the rotor 2 rotation on rotor 2 can drive driving motor 31 top rotates the track 3, track 3 rotates and drives three rotation wheel 2 all rotates in addition, contact wheel 73 can be with higher ridge contact, higher ridge can extrude the wheel 73 upward movement, the upward movement of contact wheel 73 can drive the movable frame 71 and upwards move, the movable frame 71 can drive two root parts and then move to the root parts and then the rotor 2 rotates, the rotor 2 rotation of rotor 2 above the rotor can drive track 3 rotation, the other three rotor 2 rotation wheels rotate, make this device forward, make this device move forward with the contact wheel 73, the contact wheel 73 can not be moved down by the effect of the accurate carrier 73, thereby the fertilizer can reduce the waste, the effect of moving down in the top of the carrier is more accurate carrier 73, and the carrier 73 is moved down, and the top down can be moved down by the carrier 73, and the fertilizer is more accurate to move down.

Meanwhile, the rotating wheel 2 above the driving motor 31 rotates to drive the notch gear 81 to rotate, the notch gear 81 drives the rotating gear 82 to intermittently rotate, the notch gear 81 rotates for one circle to enable the rotating gear 82 to rotate by an angle of one gear tooth, the protruding block on the rotating gear 82 is contacted with the bent rod 84, so that the protruding block on the rotating gear 82 extrudes the bent rod 84 to move to the right, the compression spring 85 is compressed, the bent rod 84 is not blocked up the medicine box 5 any more, fertilizer in the medicine box 5 enters the connecting hose 75, the fertilizer enters the spraying pipe 74 through the connecting hose 75, the fertilizer is sprayed to the root of tobacco through the spraying pipe 74, then the notch gear 81 continuously drives the rotating gear 82 to intermittently rotate, the protruding block on the rotating gear 82 is separated from the bent rod 84, the compression spring 85 resets, the bent rod 84 is driven to move to the left, the bent rod 84 is blocked up again, the fertilizer in the medicine box 5 is not entered into the connecting hose 75 any more, the driving motor 31 drives the rotating gear 82 to rotate for one circle, the two pieces of 3 are driven to move to the root of tobacco 74, the fertilizer can be aligned to the root of the tobacco, and the left end of the tobacco can be opened up to the intermittent rotation of the pipe 84, and the intermittent rotation of the rotating gear 82 can be enabled to be separated from the bent rod 84, and the intermittent rotation can be opened, and the intermittent rotation of the fertilizer can be better opened, and the intermittent rotation of the bottom of the tobacco can be opened, and the intermittent rotation can be discharged and the intermittent rotation can be convenient; when the fertilizer spray is completed, the operator turns off the drive motor 31.

Example 2

On the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 6-13, the shower nozzle further comprises an extension mechanism, the extension mechanism is arranged on the shower pipe 74, the extension mechanism comprises a guide block 91, a push rod 92, a connecting block 93, extension pipes 94 and torsion springs 95, two guide blocks 91 are connected to the shower pipe 74 through rivets, two guide blocks 91 are in a group, a push rod 92 is connected between the two guide blocks 91 in a sliding mode, the push rod 92 is located below the bent rod 84, the push rod 92 is in contact with the bent rod 84, two connecting blocks 93 are connected to the shower pipe 74 through bolts, the two connecting blocks 93 are symmetrically arranged, the shower pipe 74 is communicated with the connecting blocks 93, the two connecting blocks 93 are rotationally connected with the extension pipes 94, the connecting blocks 93 are communicated with the extension pipes 94, the push rod 92 is located above the extension pipes 94, the push rod 92 is simultaneously in contact with the two extension pipes 94, and torsion springs 95 are connected between the push rod 92 and the extension pipes 94 through hooks.

When the convex block on the rotating gear 82 extrudes the bent rod 84 to move to the right, the bent rod 84 moves to the right and drives the push rod 92 to move away from the handle 4, the push rod 92 moves away from the handle 4 and simultaneously drives the two extension pipes 94 to rotate to a proper angle in a direction away from the medicine box 5, the torsion spring 95 is twisted, and the rotation of the extension pipes 94 can push away the miscellaneous leaves of the tobacco roots; when the lug on the rotary gear 82 is separated from the bent rod 84, the bent rod 84 can reset, the bent rod 84 does not push the push rod 92 any more, the torsion spring 95 can reset, the torsion spring 95 can drive the extension pipe 94 to reversely rotate and reset, the extension pipe 94 reversely rotates and resets and can drive the push rod 92 to move and reset towards the direction close to the handle 4, the extension pipe 94 sequentially reciprocates, the mixed leaves of the tobacco root can be pushed away by reciprocating rotation of the extension pipe 94, the position of the fertilizer is closer to the tobacco root, and therefore the fertilizer in the medicine box 5 is more accurately sprayed to the tobacco root, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer is further improved.

Example 3

On the basis of embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 9-11, the swing mechanism is further included, the swing mechanism is disposed on the rotating wheel 2, the swing mechanism includes a swing rod 101, a swing spray head 102, a cam 103 and a transmission rod 104, the swing rod 101 is rotatably connected to the two spray pipes 74, the swing spray head 102 is rotatably connected to the swing rod 101 through bolts, the spray pipes 74 are communicated with the swing spray head 102, the rotating wheel 2 above the driving motor 31 is connected with the two cams 103 through flat keys, the two cams 103 are symmetrically disposed, irregular limit grooves are formed in the two cams 103, the transmission rod 104 is slidably connected to the two spray pipes 74, and the transmission rod 104 is slidably connected to the cam 103.

When extension pipe 94 rotates to the direction of keeping away from medical kit 5, extension pipe 94 can drive swinging arms 101 and swing sprinkler head 102 all to the suitable angle of rotation in the direction of keeping away from medical kit 5, rotation wheel 2 on driving motor 31 rotates and can drive two cams 103 all to rotate simultaneously, cam 103 rotates and can drive transfer line 104 along the irregular spacing groove back-and-forth movement on cam 103, when cam 103 drives transfer line 104 to move forward, transfer line 104 can contact with swinging arms 101 for transfer line 104 moves forward and promotes swinging arms 101 upwards to swing, swinging arms 101 upwards swing can drive swinging sprinkler head 102 upwards to make the scope of fertilizer spraying increase, when cam 103 drives transfer lines 104 to move backward and reset, transfer lines 104 can break away from the contact with swinging arms 101, swinging arms 101 swing downwards under the effect of gravity, swinging arms 101 swing downwards can drive swinging sprinkler head 102 to swing downwards, so, swinging sprinkler head 102 can reciprocate, make fertilizer spraying more even, thereby make grass absorb fertilizer better, and swinging arms 101 can drive swinging sprinkler head 102 to rotate more evenly when fertilizer spraying.

Example 4

On the basis of the embodiment 3, as shown in fig. 12, a sealing ring 11 is further included, and the sealing ring 11 is connected to the top of the bent rod 84.

The sealing ring 11 can make the bent rod 84 top block up the drain hole of the medical kit 5 better, increase the leakproofness of the medical kit 5.

The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A light and simple tobacco fertilizer applicator is characterized in that: including chassis (1), rotor (2), track (3), driving motor (31), driving gear (32), handle (4), medical kit (5), adjustable force (forcing) pump (61), sealed lid (62), spraying mechanism and trigger mechanism, the last rotation of chassis (1) is connected with four rotor (2), four around having two tracks (3) between rotor (2), two track (3) are the symmetry setting, be connected with driving motor (31) on chassis (1), all be connected with driving gear (32) on driving motor (31)'s the output shaft and on driving motor (31) top rotor (2), two rotor (2) meshing, be provided with handle (4) on chassis (1), chassis (1) top is provided with medical kit (5), medical kit (5) bottom is equipped with the discharge gate, be connected with adjustable force (forcing) pump (61) on the outer wall of medical kit (5), adjustable force (61) and case (5) intercommunication, be connected with driving gear (32) on chassis (1) the output shaft and on driving motor (31) top rotor (2), be provided with on chassis (1) and trigger mechanism.

2. A lightweight tobacco fertiliser distributor according to claim 1, characterised in that: the two driving gears (32) are positioned in the same vertical direction.

3. A lightweight tobacco fertiliser distributor according to claim 1, characterised in that: the spraying mechanism comprises a movable frame (71), contact wheels (73), spraying pipes (74) and connecting hoses (75), wherein the movable frame (71) is connected to the chassis (1) in a sliding mode, the movable frame (71) is rotatably connected with the two contact wheels (73), the two contact wheels (73) are symmetrically arranged, the movable frame (71) is connected with the two spraying pipes (74), the two spraying pipes (74) are symmetrically arranged, the two spraying pipes (74) are respectively provided with the connecting hoses (75), the spraying pipes (74) are communicated with the connecting hoses (75), the two connecting hoses (75) are connected with the lower portion of the medicine box (5), and the connecting hoses (75) are communicated with the medicine box (5).

4. A lightweight tobacco fertiliser distributor according to claim 3, characterised in that: the contact wheel (73) is in a rectangular round platform structure.

5. A lightweight tobacco fertiliser distributor according to claim 3, characterised in that: the trigger mechanism comprises a notch gear (81), a rotating gear (82), a guide frame (83), a bent rod (84) and a compression spring (85), wherein the notch gear (81) is connected to the rotating wheel (2) above the driving motor (31), the rotating gear (82) is connected to the chassis (1) in a rotating mode, the notch gear (81) and the rotating gear (82) are located on the same horizontal plane, the notch gear (81) is meshed with the rotating gear (82), the rotating gear (82) is provided with a protruding block, the guide frame (83) is arranged on the chassis (1), the bent rod (84) is connected with the rotating gear (82) in a sliding mode, one end of the bent rod (84), far away from the guide frame (83), is connected with the lower portion of the medicine box (5) in a sliding mode, the bent rod (84) penetrates through the medicine box (5), and the compression spring (85) is connected between the bent rod (84) and the medicine box (5).

6. A lightweight tobacco fertiliser distributor according to claim 5, characterised in that: the novel shower nozzle is characterized by further comprising an extension mechanism, wherein the extension mechanism is arranged on the shower pipe (74) and comprises guide blocks (91), push rods (92), connecting blocks (93), extension pipes (94) and torsion springs (95), two guide blocks (91) are arranged on the shower pipe (74), the guide blocks (91) are in a group, the push rods (92) are connected between the guide blocks (91) in a sliding mode, the push rods (92) are located below the bent rods (84), the push rods (92) are in contact with the bent rods (84), the connecting blocks (93) are connected on the shower pipe (74), the connecting blocks (93) are symmetrically arranged, the shower pipe (74) are communicated with the connecting blocks (93), the extension pipes (94) are connected on the connecting blocks (93) in a rotating mode, the connecting blocks (93) are communicated with the extension pipes (94), the push rods (92) are in contact with the two extension pipes (94), and the torsion springs (95) are connected between the extension pipes (93).

7. A lightweight tobacco fertiliser distributor according to claim 6, characterized in that: still including swing mechanism, swing mechanism sets up on rotating wheel (2), swing mechanism is including swinging arms (101), swing sprinkler head (102), cam (103) and transfer line (104), two all rotate on shower (74) and be connected with swinging arms (101), be connected with swing sprinkler head (102) on swinging arms (101), swing sprinkler head (102) are connected with shower (74) rotation, shower (74) communicate with swing sprinkler head (102), be connected with two cams (103) on rotating wheel (2) of driving motor (31) top, two cams (103) are the symmetry setting, two all open irregular spacing groove on cam (103), two all slide on shower (74) and be connected with transfer line (104), transfer line (104) are connected with cam (103) slidingtype.

8. A lightweight tobacco fertiliser distributor according to claim 7, characterized in that: the sealing device also comprises a sealing ring (11), and the sealing ring (11) is connected to the top of the bent rod (84).

9. A method of operating a light and simple tobacco fertiliser according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprising the steps of: s1, before an operator places the device on tobacco to be fertilized, opening a sealing cover (62) to add fertilizer into a medicine box (5), then closing the sealing cover (62) by the operator, starting an adjustable pressurizing pump (61) by the operator, enhancing the air pressure in the medicine box (5), starting a driving motor (31) by the operator, driving a crawler belt (3) to move forwards by the driving motor (31), enabling a higher ridge to be in contact with a contact wheel (73), enabling a spray pipe (74) to move upwards to a proper position, and enabling a bent rod (84) to reciprocate by the driving motor (31) so as to intermittently open a discharge hole at the bottom of the medicine box (5); s2, the driving motor (31) can drive the two extension pipes (94) to rotate in the direction away from the medicine box (5), the two swinging spray heads (102) swing, then fertilizer is sprayed to the tobacco roots through the spray heads, and then an operator turns off the driving motor (31) to stop running and finish fertilizing the tobacco.