CN116097995A - Light intensity control method and system based on seedling growth height change - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an illumination intensity control method and system based on seedling growth height change, wherein the system comprises a lamp panel module, a heat dissipation module, a temperature sensor module, an illumination sensor module, a 3D structure light camera module, an HMI touch screen module and a culture tray module, wherein the heat dissipation module is arranged at the back of the lamp panel module, the temperature sensor modules are arranged at the central positions of the front and the back of the lamp panel module, the illumination sensor module, the 3D structure light camera module and the HMI touch screen module are respectively connected with the lamp panel module in a wireless manner, and the culture tray module is positioned under the illumination sensor module. By using the invention, the illumination intensity required by the height of the corresponding seedling can be further adjusted according to the real-time height information of the seedling. The method and the system for controlling the illumination intensity based on the change of the growth height of the seedlings can be widely applied to the technical field of seedling cultivation.

Description

Method and system for controlling light intensity based on variation of seedling growth height

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of seedling cultivation, in particular to a method and system for controlling light intensity based on changes in seedling growth height.

Background technique

The traditional vegetable seedling cultivation methods and the devices used are mainly based on traditional bed soil and nutrient pot seedling cultivation, and the cultivation stage of seedlings is deeply affected by many external conditions. The traditional method based on natural conditions The seedlings are cultivated, and the survival rate of the seedlings is prone to be low, and the quality and appearance of the seedlings are difficult to achieve the expected results. Among them, the light has the greatest influence on the growth of the seedlings. The existing methods directly compensate for a certain proportion of light conditions, but as the seedlings The height of the growth, the required light intensity will also change accordingly, if the light intensity does not meet the growth needs of the seedlings, it will greatly affect the growth speed of the seedlings.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for controlling light intensity based on the change of seedling growth height, which can adjust the light intensity required for the corresponding seedling height according to the real-time height information of the seedlings.

The first technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a light intensity control system based on the change of seedling growth height, including a light board module, a heat dissipation module, a temperature sensor module, a light sensor module, a 3D structured light camera module, an HMI touch screen module and a cultivation tray module, the heat dissipation module is installed on the back of the lamp panel module, and the center position of the front and back of the lamp panel module is provided with a temperature sensor module, the illumination sensor module, the 3D structured light camera module, and the HMI touch screen module are respectively connected to the The light board module is connected wirelessly, and the culture tray module is located directly below the light sensor module, wherein:

The light panel module is used to provide illumination;

The heat dissipation module is used to reduce the heat energy generated by the light board module when the strong light supplementary light is activated;

The light sensor module is used to collect the actual light on the surface of the seedling;

The 3D structured light camera module is used to collect the height value of the highest seedling;

The HMI touch screen module is used to select different control modes;

The cultivation tray module is used for placing seedlings to be cultivated.

Further, the light board module includes 12 light boards, the arrangement of the light boards is 3*4, the size of the light boards is 20*30mm, and the illumination angle of the light boards is 120°, wherein:

The light board includes a red LED light group, a blue LED light group and a white LED light group, each LED light group includes 6 lamp beads of the same model and color, each lamp line is connected in series, and each lamp The arrangement of the strains is a word with equal spacing;

The maximum light intensity of the red and blue light beads is 200 μmol m ^-2 s ^-1 at a height of 30 cm from the culture tray module, and the maximum light intensity of the white light beads is at a height of 30 cm from the culture tray module is 300 μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 .

Simultaneously, the present invention also provides a kind of method based on the light intensity control system of seedling growth height change, comprises the following steps:

S1. Place the seedlings to be cultivated on the cultivation tray, and plant them in the predetermined area under the light panel of the cultivation room;

S2. Obtain the actual growth height of the seedlings through the 3D structured light camera;

S3, according to the actual growth height of the seedlings, adjust the light intensity received by the surface of the seedlings to reach the light supply amount suitable for the growth height of the seedlings;

S4, obtaining the actual light intensity of the seedlings through the light sensor;

S5, according to the actual light intensity of the seedlings, further adjust the light intensity and height of the lamp panel;

S6. When the growth height of the seedling reaches the preset height threshold, transfer out of the cultivation room.

Further, it also includes reducing the heat energy generated when the lamp board starts strong light supplementary light through the heat dissipation module, which specifically includes:

The back of the lamp board is provided with a first temperature sensor, and the center of the surface of the lamp board is provided with a second temperature sensor;

The back of the lamp board is provided with a first temperature sensor, and the center of the surface of the lamp board is provided with a second temperature sensor;

The temperature sensor collects the temperature data of the lamp panel in real time and feeds the temperature data back to the host computer through 485 for difference calculation to obtain the calculation result;

The calculation results are fed back to the control center through the internal temperature field algorithm;

The control center decides whether to activate the cooling device according to the calculation result;

It is judged that the cooling device is started, and the PWM pulse value is calculated by the upper computer algorithm;

The control center controls the cooling rate of the cooling device according to the PWM pulse value.

Further, it also includes selecting the corresponding lamp panel working mode through the HMI touch screen, and the working mode of the lamp panel includes manual mode and automatic mode, wherein:

In the manual mode, the control interference in the automatic mode is blocked by pressing the button, and different lamp plant units can be selected on the HMI touch screen to set the light intensity value one by one, or the required total light intensity can be set, and the required light intensity can be set. Import the height of the platform into the binary linear function set in advance in the controller, and obtain the required PWM value for light intensity output;

In the automatic mode, according to the set working period of the total lamp board and the required light intensity mode (gradient variable light or constant light source), the screen will change to the status display mode. First, the device uploads the current seedling point cloud image to the host The computer analyzes and processes the point cloud data to obtain the current seedling height information, which is brought into the PWM value/power loss of the emitted light intensity of the light board and the power of the heat sink through the target light intensity value function formula, and it is obtained that in the case of the lowest power loss, The obtained more suitable temperature, height and PWM value are then issued by the host computer to the lower computer to perform the regulation and control operation of the current light board distance from the seedling height and the PWM duty cycle value.

Further, the expression of the target light intensity value function is specifically as follows:

f ₁ (x)=ax ₁ +bx ₂ +cx ₃ +d

In the above formula, f ₁ (x) represents the light intensity value required for the target height, x ₁ represents the height of the current light board from the seedling, x ₂ represents the PWM duty cycle value, x ₃ represents the temperature value at the height of x ₁ , a , b, c and d denote the coefficients of x ₁ , x ₂ , x ₃ and f ₁ x respectively.

Further, the step of obtaining the actual growth height of the seedlings through the 3D structured light camera specifically includes:

Set the 3D structured light camera at the right end 16cm away from the culture tray;

Collect seedling growth point cloud information through the 3D structured light camera interval preset time ratio;

Based on python, the seedling growth point cloud information is analyzed and calculated to obtain the actual growth height information of the seedlings;

Upload the actual growth height information of the seedlings to the HMI touch screen for display, and obtain the actual growth height of the seedlings.

Further, the step of obtaining the actual light intensity of the seedlings through the light sensor specifically includes:

Set the first light sensor at 16cm from the bottom surface of the culture tray, and set the first light sensor at the left end of the same height;

Obtain the central light intensity of the seedlings by the first light sensor, and obtain the edge light intensity of the seedlings by the second light sensor;

Perform range calculation processing on the center light intensity of the seedling and the edge light intensity of the seedling to obtain the range value;

Judging the range value, judging that the range value is greater than the preset range threshold, and making up for the difference through the light intensity of the lamp panel;

If it is determined that the extreme difference value is less than the preset extreme difference threshold, the central light intensity of the seedlings and the edge light intensity of the seedlings are averaged to obtain the actual light intensity of the seedlings.

The beneficial effects of the method and system of the present invention are: the present invention obtains the point cloud image of the seedling through the 3D structured light camera module and uploads it to the host computer for point cloud data analysis and processing, and can accurately calculate the height information of the current seedling, and then pass the target light The strong function calculates the light intensity required for the current seedling height. Appropriate light intensity can shorten the growth time of the seedlings, obtain the height information of the seedlings again at a certain interval, and change the corresponding required light intensity in real time according to the height information of the seedlings, that is, to avoid The traditional way of promoting the growth of seedlings is achieved by applying chemical fertilizers and the like.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the light intensity control system based on seedling growth height variation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the steps of the light intensity control method based on the variation of seedling growth height in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a light manual control interface according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an automatic control interface for lights according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a platform height control interface according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a control interface of a cooling plate according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the lamp panel module of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the cultivation tray module of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the lamp panel module of the present invention;

Description of drawings: 1. Temperature sensor; 2. Light board; 3. Blue light group; 4. Red light group; 5. White light group; 6. Light sensor; 7. Built-in EC sensor culture solution inlet; 8. Heat sink; 9, rolling pulley; 10, upper limit of water level; 11, lower limit of water level; 12, stepping push rod.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. For the step numbers in the following embodiments, it is only set for the convenience of illustration and description, and the order between the steps is not limited in any way. The execution order of each step in the embodiments can be adapted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art sexual adjustment.

Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a light intensity control system based on the change of seedling growth height, including a light panel module, a heat dissipation module, a temperature sensor module, a light sensor module, a 3D structured light camera module, an HMI touch screen module and a cultivation tray module. The heat dissipation module is installed on the back of the light board module, and the center of the front and back of the light board module is provided with a temperature sensor module. The light sensor module, 3D structured light camera module, and HMI touch screen module are respectively connected to the Connected wirelessly, the culture tray module is positioned directly below the light sensor module, wherein:

The light board module is used to provide light. The light board module includes 12 light boards. The arrangement of the light boards is 3*4. The size of the light boards is 20*30mm. °, each lamp board is equipped with red, blue and white LED lamp plants, and the lamp bead irradiation angle is 120°. Based on this angle, the lamp bead irradiation range can basically cover the entire culture tray at the lowest height. Increase the uniformity of illumination, reduce the loss of light source when filling the edge, connect 24VDC power supply, connect 6 lamp beads of the same model and color in series in each board, and arrange them at equal intervals, blue and red The maximum light intensity of the spectrum can reach about 200μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 at a distance of 30cm from the culture tray. The fixed height of artificial light cultivation in general plant factories, within the white spectrum segment, reduces the proportion of green light content, from the traditional red: blue: green = 3:1:6 to 4:1:1, and the white light is 30cm away from the cultivation tray up to 300μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 , and the visible light spectrum ranges from 360-830NM. In this spectral range, red and blue light have the greatest impact on plants, and green light has the least impact. The ratio of the three colors of light can be adjusted Treat it as white light in the traditional sense. By reducing the ratio of green light in the white light in the light board, the power loss of the light board can be reduced, and at the same time, the efficiency of the seedlings to absorb available light can be indirectly increased to achieve the "energy-saving effect", as shown in the figure 7 shown;

The heat dissipation module is used to reduce the heat energy generated by the lamp panel module when the strong light supplement is activated. There are 2*3 heat dissipation devices on the back of the lamp panel, which solve the problem of excessive heat generation when the strong light supplement is activated. , the first temperature sensor is installed on the back, and the second temperature sensor is installed at the center of the surface of the lamp panel. The temperature sensor collects the temperature data of the lamp panel in real time, and feeds the data back to the host computer through 485 for difference calculation. The control center decides whether to start the cooling device, and calculates the PWM pulse value through the upper computer algorithm, and finally controls the heat dissipation rate of the cooling device through the control center to save energy loss, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 9;

The light sensor module is used to collect the actual light on the surface of the seedlings. An embedded first light sensor is installed at a distance of 16 cm from the bottom surface of the cultivation tray, and a second light sensor is installed on the left end of the same height (installed on the aluminum profile). The light intensity value is the average value of the two light sensors. In order to reduce the error caused by the difference in illumination intensity, the difference between the center light intensity and the edge light intensity is calculated according to the range calculation. When the difference is ≥ 10μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 , the device The difference will be compensated by adjusting the height and the light intensity value of the edge light panel unit, so as to reduce the extreme difference, as shown in Figure 8;

The 3D structured light camera module is used to collect the height value of the highest seedling, and a 3D structured light camera is installed at the right end (installed on the aluminum profile) at 16 cm from the bottom surface of the cultivation tray to obtain seedling growth point cloud information (mostly obtained The height of the highest seedling in the plane, the height of the light board ≥ the height of the highest seedling), the collection time is 30min/time, and the collected height values are uploaded to the host computer and displayed on the HMI interface;

During point cloud data analysis, the point cloud information of the current seedlings is collected by triggering the 3D structure camera on the right, and environmental data is collected using expansion modules such as temperature sensors and light sensors, and uploaded to the host computer, which receives the port trigger signal , read the point cloud image information and use python to calculate the phenotype information such as leaf area and plant height in the point cloud, get the data information and bring it into the function algorithm to obtain the required height x ₁ , PWM value x ₂ , current temperature x _3. Current power loss f ₂ (x) and heat sink operating power f ₃ (x);

The HMI touch screen module is used to select different control modes. The 12 light boards are all independent module units that can be controlled individually. The method is implemented on the HMI touch screen, specifically:

When the manual mode is selected, the control interference in the automatic mode can be blocked by pressing the button, and different units can be selected on the screen to set the light intensity value one by one. The height is imported into the binary linear function set in advance in the controller, and the required PWM value is obtained for light intensity output (if the height is unlimited, the PWM output will be reduced by changing the height according to the internal function model, so as to achieve the purpose of saving energy ), as shown in Figure 3.

After selecting the automatic mode, according to the set working period of the total light board and the required light intensity mode (gradient variable light or constant light source), the screen will change to the status display mode. First, the device uploads the current seedling point cloud image to the host The computer analyzes and processes the point cloud data to obtain the current seedling height information, which is brought into the target light intensity value function f ₁ (x) (where f(x) is the light intensity value required for the target height, and x ₁ is the current light intensity value The distance between the board and the seedling height (cm), _x2 is the PWM value/light intensity emitted by the lamp board, x3 is the temperature value measured by the seedling probe at the height of _x1 (℃)), and the power loss _f3 at the light intensity value of _x2 (x), and heat sink power f ₄ (x), get the most suitable temperature, height and PWM value under the condition of the lowest power loss, and then issue instructions to the lower computer through the host computer to execute x ₁ and x ₂ , specifically as shown in Figure 4;

The expression of the target light intensity model function is:

f ₁ (x)=ax ₁ +bx ₂ +cx ₃ +d

In the above formula, f ₁ (x) represents the light intensity value required for the target height, x ₁ represents the height of the current light board from the seedling, x ₂ represents the PWM duty cycle value, x ₃ represents the temperature value at the height of x ₁ , a , b, c and d respectively represent x ₁ , x ₂ , x ₃ and f ₁ (x) obtained by bringing in 4 groups;

The expression of the cultivation height and plant light quantum flux density demand model is:

f ₂ (x)＝a ₁ x ₁ +b ₁ x ₂ +c ₁

In the above formula, f ₂ (x) is the value of light quantum flux density (μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 ), a ₁ , b ₁ and c ₁ are obtained by bringing in the measured values, that is, a ₁ , b ₁ and c ₁ are constant coefficients;

The expression of the power loss model is:

f ₃ (x)=k ₁ x ₂ +M

Use the power socket to measure the power f ₃ (x) lost by the lamp board under different duty x ₂ ratios, and combine the formula to obtain k ₁ and M, that is, k ₁ and M are both constant coefficients;

The expression of the heat sink operating power loss model is:

f ₄ (x)=k ₂ x ₃ +b ₂ x ₄ +c ₂

Using the temperature sensor to measure the temperature x ₃ at the current seedling height, the required maintenance temperature x ₄ and the operating power f ₄ (x) obtained from the power socket, put them into the formula to obtain k ₂ , b ₂ and c ₂ , That is, k ₂ , b ₂ and c ₂ are all constant coefficients.

The cultivation tray module is used for placing seedlings to be cultivated.

With reference to Fig. 2, the light intensity control method based on seedling growth height variation, comprises:

S1. Place the seedlings to be cultivated on the cultivation tray, and plant them in the predetermined area under the light panel of the cultivation room;

S2. Obtain the actual growth height of the seedlings through the 3D structured light camera;

S3, according to the actual growth height of the seedlings, adjust the light intensity received by the surface of the seedlings to reach the light supply amount suitable for the growth height of the seedlings;

S4, obtaining the actual light intensity of the seedlings through the light sensor;

S5, according to the actual light intensity of the seedlings, further adjust the light intensity and height of the lamp panel;

S6. When the growth height of the seedling reaches the preset height threshold, transfer out of the cultivation room.

Specifically, the height adjustment of the above-mentioned light board is to use the stepper motor to control the pulse amount and direction of the received host computer or HMI touch screen to push the height of the light board to rise and fall, thereby changing the light source to the culture tray. The height is mainly controlled by the high-speed pulse output port and direction output port of PLC.

The content in the above-mentioned method embodiments is applicable to this system embodiment. The functions realized by this system embodiment are the same as those of the above-mentioned method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above-mentioned method embodiments.

The above is a specific description of the preferred implementation of the present invention, but the invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can also make various equivalent deformations or replacements without violating the spirit of the present invention. , these equivalent modifications or replacements are all within the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. The light intensity control system based on the change of seedling growth height is characterized in that it includes a lamp panel module, a heat dissipation module, a temperature sensor module, a light sensor module, a 3D structured light camera module, an HMI touch screen module and a cultivation tray module, and the heat dissipation The module is installed on the back of the light board module, and the center of the front and back of the light board module is equipped with a temperature sensor module. The light sensor module, 3D structured light camera module, and HMI touch screen module are respectively connected to the light board module connected, the culture tray module is located directly below the light sensor module, wherein: The light panel module is used to provide illumination; The heat dissipation module is used to reduce the heat energy generated by the light board module when the strong light supplementary light is activated; The light sensor module is used to collect the actual light on the surface of the seedling; The 3D structured light camera module is used to collect the height value of the highest seedling; The HMI touch screen module is used to select different control modes; The cultivation tray module is used for placing seedlings to be cultivated. 2. The light intensity control system based on the change of seedling growth height according to claim 1, wherein the light board module includes 12 light boards, and the arrangement of the light boards is 3*4 distribution arrangement, and the light boards The size specification is 20*30mm, and the irradiation angle of the light board is 120°, among which: The light board includes a red LED light group, a blue LED light group and a white LED light group, each LED light group includes 6 lamp beads of the same model and color, each lamp line is connected in series, and each lamp The arrangement of the strains is a word with equal spacing; The maximum light intensity of the red and blue light beads is 200 μmol m ^-2 s ^-1 at a height of 30 cm from the culture tray module, and the maximum light intensity of the white light beads is at a height of 30 cm from the culture tray module is 300 μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 . 3. a method for the light intensity control system based on seedling growth height variation according to any one of claims 1-2, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: S1. Place the seedlings to be cultivated on the cultivation tray, and plant them in the predetermined area under the light panel of the cultivation room; S2. Obtain the actual growth height of the seedlings through the 3D structured light camera; S3, according to the actual growth height of the seedlings, adjust the light intensity received by the surface of the seedlings to reach the light supply amount suitable for the growth height of the seedlings; S4, obtaining the actual light intensity of the seedlings through the light sensor; S5, according to the actual light intensity of the seedlings, further adjust the light intensity and height of the lamp panel; S6. When the growth height of the seedling reaches the preset height threshold, transfer out of the cultivation room. 4. The light intensity control method based on the change of seedling growth height according to claim 3 is characterized in that, it also includes reducing the heat energy generated when the lamp board starts strong light supplementary light through the heat dissipation module, which specifically includes: The back of the lamp board is provided with a first temperature sensor, and the center of the surface of the lamp board is provided with a second temperature sensor; The temperature sensor collects the temperature data of the lamp panel in real time and feeds the temperature data back to the host computer through 485 for difference calculation to obtain the calculation result; The calculation results are fed back to the control center through the internal temperature field algorithm; The control center decides whether to activate the cooling device according to the calculation result; It is judged that the cooling device is started, and the PWM pulse value is calculated by the upper computer algorithm; The control center controls the cooling rate of the cooling device according to the PWM pulse value. 5. The light intensity control method based on the change of seedling growth height according to claim 4, further comprising selecting the corresponding lamp board working mode through the HMI touch screen, the working mode of the lamp board includes manual mode and automatic mode, in: In the manual mode, the control interference in the automatic mode is blocked by pressing the button, and different lamp plant units can be selected on the HMI touch screen to set the light intensity value one by one, or the required total light intensity can be set, and the required light intensity can be set. Import the height of the platform into the binary linear function set in advance in the controller, and obtain the required PWM value for light intensity output; In the automatic mode, according to the set working period of the total lamp board and the required light intensity mode (gradient variable light or constant light source), the screen will change to the status display mode. First, the device uploads the current seedling point cloud image to the host The computer analyzes and processes the point cloud data to obtain the current seedling height information, which is brought into the PWM value/power loss of the emitted light intensity of the light board and the power of the heat sink through the target light intensity value function formula, and it is obtained that in the case of the lowest power loss, The obtained more suitable temperature, height and PWM value are then issued by the host computer to the lower computer to perform the regulation and control operation of the current light board distance from the seedling height and the PWM duty cycle value. 6. according to the described light intensity control method based on seedling growth height change according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the expression of described target light intensity value function is specifically as follows: f ₁ (x)=ax ₁ +bx ₂ +cx ₃ +d In the above formula, f ₁ (x) represents the light intensity value required for the target height, x ₁ represents the height of the current light board from the seedling, x ₂ represents the PWM duty cycle value, x ₃ represents the temperature value at the height of x ₁ , a , b, c and d denote the coefficients of x ₁ , x ₂ , x ₃ and f ₁ (x), respectively. 7. according to the described light intensity control method based on seedling growth height change according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described this step of obtaining the actual growth height of seedling by 3D structured light camera, it specifically comprises: Set the 3D structured light camera at the right end 16cm away from the culture tray; Collect seedling growth point cloud information through the 3D structured light camera interval preset time ratio; Based on python, the seedling growth point cloud information is analyzed and calculated to obtain the actual growth height information of the seedlings; Upload the actual growth height information of the seedlings to the HMI touch screen for display, and obtain the actual growth height of the seedlings. 8. according to the described light intensity control method based on seedling growth height change according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described this step of obtaining the actual light intensity of seedling by light sensor, it specifically comprises: Set the first light sensor at 16cm from the bottom surface of the culture tray, and set the first light sensor at the left end of the same height; Obtain the central light intensity of the seedlings by the first light sensor, and obtain the edge light intensity of the seedlings by the second light sensor; Perform range calculation processing on the center light intensity of the seedling and the edge light intensity of the seedling to obtain the range value; Judging the range value, judging that the range value is greater than the preset range threshold, and making up for the difference through the light intensity of the lamp panel; If it is determined that the extreme difference value is less than the preset extreme difference threshold, the central light intensity of the seedlings and the edge light intensity of the seedlings are averaged to obtain the actual light intensity of the seedlings.

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