CN114286480A - Light supplementing system of plant factory - Google Patents
Light supplementing system of plant factory Download PDFInfo
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- CN114286480A CN114286480A CN202111622287.8A CN202111622287A CN114286480A CN 114286480 A CN114286480 A CN 114286480A CN 202111622287 A CN202111622287 A CN 202111622287A CN 114286480 A CN114286480 A CN 114286480A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
Abstract
The invention relates to a light supplementing system for a plant factory, which belongs to the technical field of plant light supplementing, and comprises: the light supplement control system is used for regulating and controlling the change of parameters such as light quality, light intensity, light period and the like of the light source illumination parameter system; the monitoring unit is used for identifying different growth stages of the plants; the information analysis module is used for identifying the illumination environment of the current plant; the control module is used for collecting the information transmitted by the monitoring unit and the information analysis module; the database is used for comparing the information collected by the control module and judging the growth stage of the plant; the planting platform and the artificial light source are used for placing plants and supplementing light to the plants; and the lifting mechanism is used for adjusting the position of the artificial light source. The invention can automatically identify the growth stage of the plant, automatically adjust the illumination parameters according to the requirements of different stages, achieve the optimal illumination environment for the growth of the plant, increase the yield, shorten the growth period, reduce the consumption of resources and save the production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant light supplement, in particular to a light supplement system of a plant factory.
Background
The plant factory is an advanced form of facility gardening development, has the advantages of high planting density, high control precision of production elements, high resource utilization rate, continuous production all the year around, safe, clean and pollution-free agricultural products and the like, is a necessary trend of future facility gardening development, and has already gained wide attention.
Plant factories can be divided into artificial light plant factories and sunlight plant factories according to the illumination source. Sunlight plant factories illuminate plants using sunlight as a light source, which is a very broad continuous spectrum, and is radiation rays of which the radiation energy of the sun is projected as electromagnetic waves to the earth, and whose wavelength ranges from lloon's X-rays to 100m radio waves. In the artificial light plant factory, an artificial light source, such as a halogen lamp, an incandescent lamp, an LED, a laser, and the like, is used for supplementing light to plants. Most of the light wave bands of the artificial light source are mainly visible light, the wavelength is 400-700nm, the light is divided into 7 colors of red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue and purple after scattering, and the light is white light when being concentrated. A small part of the liquid contains invisible light and is divided into 2 types. Far-red light located in the red light outer region, the wavelength is more than 700 nm; the wavelength of ultraviolet ray in the outer region of purple light is 290-400 nm.
Under the condition of artificial light, the facility illumination condition does not need to follow the space-time law of natural light day change, seasonal change, altitude and latitude change, the quality and quantity attributes of the artificial illumination can be modulated as required, and the continuous illumination dynamic mode in time and space can be automatically regulated and controlled according to the requirements of plant physiology or production targets, and then a regulation and control strategy for facility plant production is integrated to realize the maximization of the facility plant productivity and obtain the maximum biomass and carbohydrate quantity. The illumination under the artificial light condition can be set to be constant illumination or dynamic illumination, and various illumination modes which do not exist under natural conditions can be implemented. For example, the plant physiological effective radiation and even the specific nanometer wave band in the photosynthetic effective radiation range can be adopted to carry out regular monochromatic or composite light irradiation, strong light or weak light irradiation, continuous light irradiation, intermittent light irradiation, pulse light irradiation, alternate light irradiation, non-24 h rhythm irradiation and other special light irradiation modes and combined regulation and control strategies thereof.
The light supplement system of the plant factory on the market at present can only adjust the illumination condition of the plant according to a preset light supplement plan, and the parameters such as light quality, light intensity, light period and the like required by different plants in different growth stages or the same plant in different growth stages are ignored to be different. In the growth stage that the plant needs different illumination conditions, carry out the light filling to the plant according to invariable light quality, invariable light intensity, invariable light filling market, not only have the growth state that promotes the plant to the greatest extent of the way, can cause the extravagant phenomenon of energy moreover, be difficult to apply and promote on a large scale.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a light supplement system for a plant factory to solve the problems of the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a light supplementing system for a plant factory, comprising:
the light supplement control system is used for regulating and controlling the light quality, the light intensity and the light period change of the light source illumination parameter system;
the monitoring unit is used for identifying different growth stages of the plants;
the information analysis module is used for identifying the illumination environment of the current plant;
the control module is used for collecting the information transmitted by the monitoring unit and the information analysis module;
the database is used for comparing the information collected by the control module and judging the growth stage of the plant;
the planting platform is used for placing plants;
the artificial light source is used for supplementing light to the plants;
and the lifting mechanism is used for adjusting the position of the artificial light source.
As a further technical solution of the present invention, the monitoring unit includes:
and the camera is used for shooting the growth state of the plant and transmitting the shot picture to the control module.
As a further technical solution of the present invention, the information analysis module includes:
at least one light sensor for detecting output light from the illuminated plant and transmitting the collected illumination parameter signal to the control module.
As a still further technical solution of the present invention, the database contains the morphology of each plant at different growth stages, the required lighting conditions.
As a further technical solution of the present invention, the control module collects information transmitted by the monitoring unit and the information analysis module, analyzes the growth stage of the plant by means of image recognition, compares the information with the database, determines whether the growth stage and the illumination condition of the plant are optimal, and adjusts the growth stage and the illumination condition.
As a further technical solution of the present invention, the lifting mechanism is used for adjusting the position of the light source in the rectangular spatial coordinate system, and is controlled by the control module.
As a further technical solution of the present invention, the light supplement control system includes a light quality control module, a light intensity control module, and a light period control module, and the light supplement control system is controlled by the control module.
As a still further technical solution of the present invention, the light quality control module is configured to adjust a light quality ratio of the light source, the light intensity control module is configured to adjust an illumination intensity of the light source, and the light period control module is configured to adjust an illumination duration of the light source.
As a further technical scheme of the present invention, the planting platform and the artificial light source are both light supplement hardware facilities of a plant factory, the planting platform provides a plant placing space, and the artificial light source supplements light to the plant.
As a further technical solution of the present invention, the control module is configured to control the lifting mechanism to adjust a distance between the light source and the plant according to a growth height of the plant, and control the light supplement control system to adjust the illumination parameter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the light supplementing system of the plant factory shoots the plants in real time through devices such as a camera and transmits pictures to the control module; meanwhile, the information analysis module detects the illumination condition of the surface of the plant through equipment such as an optical sensor and transmits information to the control module; the control module identifies the growth stage of the plant through an image identification function, compares the growth stage with information in the database, analyzes the optimal illumination parameters required by the plant at the stage, regulates and controls the light supplement control system, and regulates parameters such as light quality, light intensity, light period and the like irradiated to the surface of the plant to achieve the optimal illumination parameters in the database, thereby realizing the yield and income increase of the plant and shortening the growth period of the plant; meanwhile, the control module can also control the lifting mechanism by identifying the height of the plant, adjust the position of the artificial light source, and avoid the situation that the top of the plant is too close to the artificial light source due to too high plant growth to shield the light source, or the plant is affected and even ignited due to too high radiation temperature on the surface of the light source; the effective utilization of resources is realized, and the safety performance of the light supplement system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a light supplement system of a plant factory;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a fill light system of a plant factory;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of light regulation of a light supplement system of a plant factory;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of adjusting and controlling the position of an artificial light source of a light supplement system of a plant factory;
FIG. 5 is a spectrum diagram of a growing stage of tomatoes in a light supplement system of a plant factory;
FIG. 6 is a spectrum graph of a growing stage of vegetables in a light supplement system of a plant factory;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the spectrum of spinach at a certain growth stage in a light supplement system of a plant factory;
fig. 8 is a spectrum graph of a growing stage of pepper in a light supplement system of a plant factory.
In the figure: the system comprises a light supplement control system 1, a light quality regulation and control module 101, a light intensity regulation and control module 102, a light period regulation and control module 103, a control module 2, a lifting mechanism 3, a database 4, an information analysis module 501, a monitoring unit 502, a planting platform 601 and an artificial light source 602.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention is implemented as follows, and the light supplement system for plant factories shown in fig. 1 and 2 includes:
the light supplement control system 1 is used for regulating and controlling the light quality, the light intensity and the light period change of the light source illumination parameter system;
a monitoring unit 502 for identifying different growth stages of the plant;
an information analysis module 501, configured to identify a lighting environment of a current plant;
the control module 2 is used for collecting information transmitted by the monitoring unit 502 and the information analysis module 501;
the database 4 is used for comparing the information collected by the control module 2 and judging the growth stage of the plant;
the planting platform 601 is used for placing plants;
an artificial light source 602 for supplementing light to the plant;
and the lifting mechanism 3 is used for adjusting the position of the artificial light source 602.
In practical application, the monitoring unit 502 at least comprises a camera, the camera faces the planted plants and photographs the plants through the photographing time interval set by the system; if the planted plants are the plants with short growth cycles of the leaf vegetables, the growth cycles are about one month, parameters such as 6 hours or 8 hours can be set at the photographing time intervals, and the waste of resources is avoided; if the planted plants are plants with longer growth period such as tomatoes and the like, the growth period is about three months to four months, the growth speed is different in different stages such as the germination period, the seedling period, the flowering period, the fruiting period and the like of the plants, so that resources are saved, and longer photographing time intervals such as 24 hours or 36 hours can be set in the germination period of the plants;
when the plant growth monitoring system works, the monitoring unit 502 transmits the shot pictures to the control module 2, the control module 2 controls the shooting time interval of the monitoring unit 502 according to the growth stage of the plant, and the time interval of 6 hours or 8 hours is adopted at the stage of higher growth speed, so that the plant can be ensured to grow under the optimal illumination environment, and the resource waste can be avoided; the information analysis module 501 at least comprises an optical sensor facing the planted plant and collecting the plant illumination data through the data collection time interval set by the system, for example, the data collection time interval of the information analysis module 501 can be synchronous with the photographing time interval of the monitoring unit 502; or the setting mode of the shooting time interval is the same as that of the monitoring unit 502, the data acquisition is carried out at a constant time interval or the real-time regulation and control are carried out through the control module 2, and the data acquisition time interval is changed;
further, the database 4 contains pictures of several plants such as spinach, green vegetables, tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, watermelons and the like at different growth stages, and parameters such as optimal light-quality ratio, light intensity, light duration and the like required by corresponding plant growth stages, specifically, the database 4 contains pictures of tomatoes at growth stages such as a germination stage, a seedling stage, a flowering stage, a fruiting stage and the like, and lighting parameter conditions required at corresponding stages, for example, the optimal light-quality ratio of the tomatoes at the seedling stage is red light: blue light 3:1, the optimal illumination intensity is that the photosynthetic quantum flux density value is 240 mu mol.m-2·s-1The optimal illumination time is 13 hours/day;
further, the control module 2 performs image recognition processing through the collecting and monitoring unit 502, analyzes which growth stage the plant is in at present through information comparison with the database 4, receives the illumination data collected by the information analysis module 501, compares the illumination data with parameters such as light quality, light intensity and light period required by the growth stage of the plant in the database 4, analyzes the error of the illumination data and the quantity required to be regulated, controls the light supplement control system 1, and completes regulation and control on the plant illumination;
further, the light supplement control system 1 at least comprises a light quality regulation module 101, a light intensity regulation module 102 and a light period regulation module 103; the light quality control module 101 controls the switching of the chips with different wavelengths of the artificial light source 602 through a circuit, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the light-to-quality ratio of emergent light of the artificial light source 602; the light intensity regulation and control module 102 modulates the bias of the base electrode of the transistor or the grid electrode of the MOS tube through the change of the corresponding load in a PWM control mode to realize the change of the conduction time of the transistor or the MOS tube, thereby realizing the change of the output of the switching stabilized voltage power supply and further achieving the purpose of changing the emergent light intensity of the artificial light source 602; the light period regulation and control module 103 controls the whole switch of the artificial light source 602 through a circuit, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the light supplementing time;
further, the lifting mechanism 3 realizes the moving effect through a stepping motor, the lifting mechanism 3 is connected with the artificial light source 602, and the control module 2 drives the artificial light source 602 through regulating the lifting mechanism 3, so that the artificial light source 602 can move regularly in a space rectangular coordinate system.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a working flow of the control module 2 for regulating and controlling the illumination parameters of the surface of a plant is shown in fig. 3, a monitoring unit 502 takes a picture of the plant and transmits the picture to the control module 2, the control module 2 performs picture recognition and comparison according to a database 4 to analyze the optimal illumination conditions required by the current growth stage of the plant, an information analysis module 501 collects the illumination information of the surface of the plant and transmits the illumination information to the control module 2, the control module 2 regulates and controls a light supplement control system 1 to regulate the illumination parameters, the regulated illumination parameters are collected again by the information analysis module 501 and transmitted to the control module 2, the control module 2 compares the collected information with the database 4, and if the collected information is the same as the database 4, the regulation is finished; if not, the above regulation is carried out again until the light condition is the same as the comparison result of the database 4.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a flow chart of the control module 2 regulating and controlling the position of the artificial light source 602 is shown in fig. 4, the monitoring unit 502 photographs the plant and transmits the picture to the control module 2, the control module 2 obtains the height of the plant through image recognition and analysis, if it is observed that the growth height of the plant changes significantly (the variation of the growth height is 5cm), the control module 2 drives the artificial light source 602 to move by controlling the lifting mechanism 3, and stops after 30cm from the top of the plant, so as to avoid the phenomenon that the temperature radiated by the artificial light source 602 affects the growth of the plant, even the plant is ignited due to too high temperature, because the plant is in contact with or close to the artificial light source 602 due to too high growth height, and increase the safety performance of the plant factory light supplement system. Because the light source moves, the illumination parameters on the surface of the plant change, after the lifting mechanism 3 moves, the information analysis module 501 collects the illumination parameters on the surface of the plant again and transmits the illumination parameters to the control module 2, the control module 2 regulates and controls the light supplement control system 1 to regulate the parameters such as the light quality, the light intensity and the light period of the surface of the plant, the regulated illumination parameters are collected again by the information analysis module 501 and transmitted to the control module 2, the control module 2 compares the collected information with the database 4, and if the collected information is the same as the database, the regulation and control are finished; if not, the regulation and control are carried out again until the comparison result of the illumination condition is the same as that of the database 4; when the safety performance of the plant factory light supplementing system is guaranteed, the continuous irradiation intensity of the artificial light source 602 is reduced and the power resource is saved by adjusting the position of the artificial light source 602.
FIGS. 5 to 8 show the optimal illumination profiles of different plants according to the invention at certain stages. The horizontal axis represents wavelength in nm and the vertical axis represents intensity or relative intensity, expressed by the international common symbol a.u. The control module 2 regulates and controls the plant illumination parameters by regulating and controlling the light supplement control system 1, so that the spectrum irradiated by the artificial light source 602 can be converted as shown in fig. 5 to 8.
The working principle is as follows: the information analysis module 501, the monitoring unit 502 and the artificial light source 602 are all installed on the planting platform 601, in the planting process of the plants, the monitoring unit 502 takes pictures of the plants and transmits the pictures to the control module 2, the control module 2 carries out image recognition processing on the pictures and compares the pictures with information of the same kind of plants in the database 4, and the optimal illumination parameters of the plants in the growth stage are analyzed; meanwhile, the information analysis module 501 transmits the collected illumination parameter information of the plant surface to the control module 2, compares the information with the optimal illumination parameter, regulates and controls the light supplement control system 1, and regulates parameters such as light quality, light intensity and light period; if the plant height is observed to have obvious change when the control module 2 performs image recognition, the control module 2 firstly controls the lifting mechanism 3 to adjust the position of the artificial light source 602, and then repeats the steps to adjust parameters such as light quality, light intensity and light period.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A light supplement system for a plant factory, comprising:
the light supplement control system is used for regulating and controlling the light quality, the light intensity and the light period change of the light source illumination parameter system;
the monitoring unit is used for identifying different growth stages of the plants;
the information analysis module is used for identifying the illumination environment of the current plant;
the control module is used for collecting the information transmitted by the monitoring unit and the information analysis module;
the database is used for comparing the information collected by the control module and judging the growth stage of the plant;
the planting platform is used for placing plants;
the artificial light source is used for supplementing light to the plants;
and the lifting mechanism is used for adjusting the position of the artificial light source.
2. The plant factory lighting system according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring unit comprises:
and the camera is used for shooting the growth state of the plant and transmitting the shot picture to the control module.
3. The light supplement system of a plant factory according to claim 1, wherein the information analysis module comprises:
at least one light sensor for detecting output light from the illuminated plant and transmitting the collected illumination parameter signal to the control module.
4. The light supplement system of a plant factory according to claim 1, wherein the database comprises the morphology of each plant at different stages of growth, the required lighting conditions.
5. A light supplementing system for a plant factory according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the control module collects information transmitted from the monitoring unit and the information analysis module, analyzes the growth stage of the plant by means of image recognition, compares the information with the database, determines whether the growth stage and the illumination condition of the plant are optimal, and adjusts the growth stage and the illumination condition.
6. The light supplementing system of a plant factory according to claim 1, wherein the lifting mechanism is configured to adjust a position of the light source in a rectangular spatial coordinate system, and is controlled by the control module.
7. A plant factory light supplement system according to claim 1, wherein the light supplement control system comprises a light quality control module, a light intensity control module and a light period control module, and the light supplement control system is controlled by the control module.
8. The light supplementing system of a plant factory as claimed in claim 7, wherein the light quality control module is used for adjusting the light quality ratio of the light source, the light intensity control module is used for adjusting the illumination intensity of the light source, and the light period control module is used for adjusting the illumination duration of the light source.
9. A light supplementing system for a plant factory according to claim 1, wherein the planting platform and the artificial light source are both light supplementing hardware facilities of the plant factory, the planting platform provides a plant placing space, and the artificial light source supplements light to the plant.
10. The light supplementing system of a plant factory according to claim 1, wherein the control module is configured to control the lifting mechanism to adjust a distance between the light source and the plant according to a growth height of the plant, and to control the light supplementing control system to adjust the illumination parameter.
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| CN114731858A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | LED (light-emitting diode) plant growth lamp for industrialized seedling of quercus mongolica and seedling growing method thereof |
| CN114777055A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-07-22 | 北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心 | Dynamic lighting system and light supply method for plant cultivation |
| CN114844933A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-02 | 上海交通大学 | Sunlight artificial guide cloud control system for three-dimensional cultivation |
| CN115176616A (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-10-14 | 上海应用技术大学 | Under-forest planting system |
| CN116058190A (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-05-05 | 上海华维可控农业科技集团股份有限公司 | Automatic light-tracking control cultivation system and method based on artificial intelligence |
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| CN116058190A (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-05-05 | 上海华维可控农业科技集团股份有限公司 | Automatic light-tracking control cultivation system and method based on artificial intelligence |
| CN116058190B (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-09-12 | 上海华维可控农业科技集团股份有限公司 | Automatic light-tracking control cultivation system and method based on artificial intelligence |
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