CN116083813A - N microalloyed high manganese steel and heat treatment method and application thereof - Google Patents
N microalloyed high manganese steel and heat treatment method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 18
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention provides N micro-alloyed high manganese steel, a heat treatment method and application thereof, wherein the N micro-alloyed high manganese steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: carbon: 1.2 to 1.5 percent; manganese: 11% -15%; silicon: 0.2 to 0.6 percent; chromium: 3% -5%; nitrogen: 0.02% -0.08%; phosphorus is less than or equal to 0.03%; sulfur is less than or equal to 0.02 percent; the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities. The heat treatment method of the N microalloyed high manganese steel comprises the steps of carrying out water toughening treatment, heating the as-cast steel to an austenitizing temperature of 1000-1150 ℃ at a speed of 100-150 ℃/h, heating and preserving heat for 1-3 h, taking out a sample from a heating furnace, and fully immersing the sample in water for cooling; the final N microalloyed high manganese steel obtained by the invention has higher initial yield strength and tensile strength and good plastic toughness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel material preparation, and particularly relates to N microalloyed high manganese steel and a heat treatment method thereof.
Background
The high manganese steel has high carbon content and manganese content, and can obtain complete austenite structure at room temperature after being treated by water toughening, so that the high manganese steel has good impact toughness. The high manganese steel has low fault energy and good work hardening capacity, can be quickly work hardened particularly when bearing high stress impact load, has unique impact resistance and wear resistance, and is often used as a wear-resistant material in the industrial fields of construction, mining, railway and the like.
However, the high manganese steel has low initial hardness and yield strength, and the work hardening capacity cannot be fully exerted under low stress impact load, so that the wear resistance is poor. The students add Nb, V, ti, W and other elements into the high manganese steel to carry out alloying treatment on the high manganese steel, and the strength and the wear resistance of the steel are improved from the aspects of grain refinement, high hardness, wear resistance and the like. The patent with application publication number of CN113941430A discloses a cast alloy high manganese steel for frog and a heat treatment method thereof, wherein the yield strength of the high manganese steel is up to 420-450 MPa by adding Mo, V, ni, rare earth and other alloy elements and adopting a heat treatment process of water toughening aging treatment. The patent with application publication number of CN109487047A discloses a method for improving the performance of an alloyed high manganese steel casting, which adopts Ti-V-Nb alloying and combines a heat treatment process of sectional heating and heat preservation to separate out nano-scale and micro-scale double-scale precipitated phases from the high manganese steel, thereby improving the yield strength and the surface hardness of the high manganese steel. However, the alloy elements such as Nb, V, ti and the like are expensive, so that the production cost of the alloyed high-manganese steel is higher, and the heat treatment process of aging or sectional heating and heat preservation is adopted, so that the process steps are complicated, the production efficiency of the high-manganese steel workpiece can be reduced in industrial practical application, the production cost is increased, and the production economic benefit is affected.
Reducing the use of precious alloying elements while maintaining the yield strength and hardness at a high level is an important research direction in the field of high manganese steels. N is an element which is low in cost and easy to obtain, and can be added into steel to reduce the addition of noble metals without causing negative influence on the environment. At present, researches on adding nitrogen element into austenitic stainless steel, such as Cr-Ni-N series stainless steel and Cr-Mn-N series stainless steel, are mainly focused on austenitic stainless steel, and reports on the research on adding nitrogen element into wear-resistant high manganese steel are relatively few. The patent with application publication number of CN115261743A discloses a nitrogen-containing high manganese austenitic steel, but the composition system is different from that of the wear-resistant high manganese steel, and compared with the traditional high manganese steel, the nitrogen-containing high manganese austenitic steel has lower carbon content and higher manganese content, and is mainly suitable for ultralow temperature environments without being used as a wear-resistant material due to the addition of Al and N alloy elements. The patent with the application publication number of CN114393181A discloses ultra-high-strength plastic high-manganese steel for frog, which has nitrogen content of 0.10-0.18 wt%, has higher addition of Cr element and Cu element, needs free forging and die forging processes after the casting process, and is not suitable for wear-resistant workpieces with larger size and complex shape. In summary, in order to adapt to the development of large-scale and high-efficiency industrial equipment, it is highly desirable to produce high manganese steel materials with good comprehensive properties, and further research is needed for the research and development and application of the N microalloyed wear-resistant high manganese steel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of high manganese steel materials in the prior art, and provides N microalloyed high manganese steel, a heat treatment method and application thereof, which overcome the defects of the traditional high manganese steel, reduce the production cost and improve the initial yield strength and hardness of the high manganese steel, thereby improving the wear resistance of the high manganese steel under the impact working condition.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the N microalloyed high manganese steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: carbon (C): 1.2 to 1.5 percent; manganese (Mn): 11% -15%; silicon (Si): 0.2 to 0.6 percent; chromium (Cr): 3% -5%; nitrogen (N): 0.02% -0.08%; phosphorus (P) is less than or equal to 0.03%; sulfur (S) is less than or equal to 0.02 percent; the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
Nitrogen is an austenite stabilizing element, and the addition of nitrogen can improve the strength of steel through the effects of solid solution strengthening and fine grain strengthening. The solubility of nitrogen in the traditional high manganese steel is smaller, and the addition of a proper amount of chromium in the traditional Mn13 steel can not only improve the initial hardness and work hardening capacity of the high manganese steel, but also facilitate the dissolution of nitrogen in austenite. Chromium (Cr) is also a desirable alloying element from the standpoint of economy and applicability.
The heat treatment method of the N microalloyed high manganese steel comprises the steps of carrying out water toughening treatment on the smelted as-cast N microalloyed high manganese steel, so as to obtain an austenite structure with good toughness at room temperature;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) Heating the casting of the high manganese steel to 1000-1150 ℃ at the speed of 100-150 ℃/h (austenitizing temperature), and preserving the temperature for 1-3 h;
2) The sample was taken out of the heating furnace and cooled by immersing it in water (rapid cooling makes transformation less likely to occur), thereby obtaining a nitrogen microalloyed high manganese steel of austenitic structure.
Further, according to the heat treatment method of the N microalloyed high manganese steel, the room-temperature water toughness structure of the cast ingot is austenite and partial carbonitride.
Further, according to the heat treatment method of the N microalloyed high manganese steel, the carbon nitride form in the room temperature water tough structure of the ingot is granular or short rod-shaped.
The invention further aims at applying the N microalloyed high manganese steel to lining plates of mine pulverizer and crusher, improving the mechanical property and wear resistance of the lining plates, prolonging the service life of the lining plates, and reducing the production cost of ore grinding and crushing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the structure of the N microalloyed high manganese molten steel after the toughness treatment provided by the invention is austenite and partial carbonitride. The formed carbide and nitride have small size, can prevent grain boundary migration, refine grains, strengthen the initial hardness and yield strength of the steel and improve the wear resistance of the steel.
2. The tensile strength of the N microalloyed high manganese molten steel after the toughness treatment can reach 820-850 MPa, and is improved by more than 150MPa compared with the traditional high manganese steel; the yield strength can reach 420-480 MPa, and is improved by more than 100MPa compared with the traditional high manganese steel; the elongation after breaking can reach 30-50%, which is improved by 10-30% compared with the traditional high manganese steel; impact toughness can reach 90J/cm 2 ～250J/cm 2 . The N microalloyed high manganese steel provided by the invention has good comprehensive mechanical properties.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the morphology of a microstructure of N microalloyed high manganese steel according to example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the morphology of carbides in N microalloyed high manganese steel in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an engineering stress-engineering strain curve for an N microalloyed high manganese steel in accordance with example 2 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below in connection with specific examples which are provided solely for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The N microalloyed high manganese steel is prepared by adopting the components of the invention, and the chemical components and the mass percentages are as follows, C:1.36%; si:0.36%; mn:12.86%; cr:3.46%; n:0.037%; p:0.008%; s:0.006%; the balance being Fe.
Casting the raw materials with the components by a vacuum induction melting method, sequentially adding the raw materials according to the burning loss and the volatilization characteristics of alloy elements, and preparing the cast ingot with qualified components by vacuum induction melting of the raw materials.
Samples were cut from the ingot and heated to 1070 c at a rate of 150 c/h for a hold time of 1.5h. And taking out the sample from the heating furnace, and quickly and completely immersing the sample in water for cooling, thereby obtaining the N microalloyed high manganese steel with the austenitic structure.
The normal temperature mechanical property of the sample is measured, and the measuring method is based on GB/T228.1-2010 section 1 of tensile test of metallic materials: room temperature test methods and GB/T229-2020 Charpy pendulum impact test method for Metal materials.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the as-cast N microalloyed high manganese steel is subjected to water toughening treatment, the tensile strength is 817MPa, the yield strength is 477MPa, the elongation after fracture is 29.5%, and the impact toughness is 89.19J/cm 2 The hardness was 235.9HBW. The tensile strength is improved by more than 150MPa compared with the traditional high manganese steel, and the yield strength is improved by more than 100MPa compared with the traditional high manganese steel.
Example 2
The N microalloyed high manganese steel is prepared by adopting the components of the invention, and the chemical components and the mass percentages are as follows, C:1.36%; si:0.36%; mn:12.86%; cr:3.46%; n:0.037%; p:0.008%; s:0.006%; the balance being Fe.
Casting the raw materials with the components by a vacuum induction melting method, sequentially adding the raw materials according to the burning loss and the volatilization characteristics of alloy elements, and preparing the cast ingot with qualified components by vacuum induction melting of the raw materials.
Samples were cut from the ingot and heated to 1100 ℃ at a rate of 150 ℃/h for a hold time of 1.5h. And taking out the sample from the heating furnace, and quickly and completely immersing the sample in water for cooling, thereby obtaining the N microalloyed high manganese steel with the austenitic structure.
The normal temperature mechanical property of the sample is measured, and the measuring method is based on GB/T228.1-2010 section 1 of tensile test of metallic materials: room temperature test methods and GB/T229-2020 Charpy pendulum impact test method for Metal materials.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the as-cast N microalloyed high manganese steel is subjected to water toughening treatment, the tensile strength is 844MPa, the yield strength is 437MPa, the elongation after fracture is 45.3%, and the impact toughness is 119.41J/cm 2 The hardness was 226.9HBW. The tensile strength is improved by more than 150MPa compared with the traditional high manganese steel, and the yield strength is improved by more than 100MPa compared with the traditional high manganese steel.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a microstructure of a microalloyed high manganese steel containing 0.037% by mass of N in example 2 of the present invention, in which the microalloyed high manganese steel is corroded by 4% nitric alcohol, and in which mesh carbides partially not completely dissolved are present in austenite grain boundaries and carbides partially present in the form of dots are also present in the grain boundaries, and in example 2 of the present invention, the impact toughness of the N microalloyed high manganese steel is not fully exhibited.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the structure of a scanning electron microscope after corrosion of microalloyed high manganese steel containing 0.037% N by mass with 4% nitroalcohol in example 2, wherein the carbide forms are in the form of particles or short bars under high magnification.
FIG. 3 is a drawing of a tensile engineering stress-engineering strain curve at room temperature for microalloyed high manganese steel containing 0.037% by mass N in example 2 of the invention, having a tensile strength of 844MPa and a yield strength of 437MPa.
Example 3
The N microalloyed high manganese steel is prepared by adopting the components of the invention, and the chemical components and the mass percentages are as follows, C:1.36%; si:0.36%; mn:12.86%; cr:3.46%; n:0.037%; p:0.008%; s:0.006%; the balance being Fe.
Casting the raw materials with the components by a vacuum induction melting method, sequentially adding the raw materials according to the burning loss and the volatilization characteristics of alloy elements, and preparing the cast ingot with qualified components by vacuum induction melting of the raw materials.
Samples were cut from the ingot and heated to 1130 ℃ at a rate of 150 ℃/h for a hold time of 1.5h. And taking out the sample from the heating furnace, and quickly and completely immersing the sample in water for cooling, thereby obtaining the N microalloyed high manganese steel with the austenitic structure.
The normal temperature mechanical property of the sample is measured, and the measuring method is based on GB/T228.1-2010 section 1 of tensile test of metallic materials: room temperature test methods and GB/T229-2020 Charpy pendulum impact test method for Metal materials.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the as-cast N microalloyed high manganese steel is subjected to water toughening treatment, the tensile strength is 825MPa, the yield strength is 421MPa, the elongation after fracture is 49.2%, and the impact toughness is 246.46J/cm 2 The hardness was 220.1HBW. The tensile strength is improved by more than 150MPa compared with the traditional high manganese steel, and the yield strength is improved compared with the traditional high manganese steelThe steel is improved by more than 100 MPa.
Example 4
The N microalloyed high manganese steel is prepared by adopting the components of the invention, and the chemical components and the mass percentages are as follows, C:1.39%; si:0.39%; mn:12.5%; cr:3.73%; n:0.028%; p:0.008%; s:0.007%; the balance being Fe.
Casting the raw materials with the components by a vacuum induction melting method, sequentially adding the raw materials according to the burning loss and the volatilization characteristics of alloy elements, and preparing the cast ingot with qualified components by vacuum induction melting of the raw materials.
Samples were cut from the ingot and heated to 1100 ℃ at a rate of 150 ℃/h for a hold time of 1.5h. And taking out the sample from the heating furnace, and quickly and completely immersing the sample in water for cooling, thereby obtaining the N microalloyed high manganese steel with the austenitic structure.
The normal temperature mechanical property of the sample is measured, and the measuring method is based on GB/T228.1-2010 section 1 of tensile test of metallic materials: room temperature test methods and GB/T229-2020 Charpy pendulum impact test method for Metal materials.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the as-cast N microalloyed high manganese steel is subjected to water toughening treatment, the tensile strength is 821MPa, the yield strength is 461MPa, the elongation after fracture is 27.8%, and the impact toughness is 146.39J/cm 2 The hardness was 232.8HBW. The tensile strength is improved by more than 150MPa compared with the traditional high manganese steel, and the yield strength is improved by more than 100MPa compared with the traditional high manganese steel.
Example 5
The N microalloyed high manganese steel is prepared by adopting the components of the invention, and the chemical components and the mass percentages are as follows, C:1.22%; si:0.24%; mn:11.03%; cr:3.12%; n:0.020%; p:0.008%; s:0.007%; the balance being Fe.
Casting the raw materials with the components by a vacuum induction melting method, sequentially adding the raw materials according to the burning loss and the volatilization characteristics of alloy elements, and preparing the cast ingot with qualified components by vacuum induction melting of the raw materials.
Samples were cut from the ingot and heated to 1000 ℃ at a rate of 100 ℃/h for 3 hours. And taking out the sample from the heating furnace, and quickly and completely immersing the sample in water for cooling, thereby obtaining the N microalloyed high manganese steel with the austenitic structure.
Example 6
The N microalloyed high manganese steel is prepared by adopting the components of the invention, and the chemical components and the mass percentages are as follows, C:1.47%; si:0.58%; mn:15.10%; cr:4.91%; n:0.079%; p:0.008%; s:0.007%; the balance being Fe.
Casting the raw materials with the components by a vacuum induction melting method, sequentially adding the raw materials according to the burning loss and the volatilization characteristics of alloy elements, and preparing the cast ingot with qualified components by vacuum induction melting of the raw materials.
Samples were cut from the ingot and heated to 1150 c at a rate of 125 c/h for a hold time of 1h. And taking out the sample from the heating furnace, and quickly and completely immersing the sample in water for cooling, thereby obtaining the N microalloyed high manganese steel with the austenitic structure.
The present invention is described with reference to the above embodiments in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Some modifications and substitutions by one skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The N microalloyed high manganese steel is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass: carbon: 1.2 to 1.5 percent; manganese: 11% -15%; silicon: 0.2 to 0.6 percent; chromium: 3% -5%; nitrogen: 0.02% -0.08%; phosphorus is less than or equal to 0.03%; sulfur is less than or equal to 0.02 percent; the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
2. The heat treatment method of the N microalloyed high manganese steel according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment method is a water toughening treatment process and comprises the following steps:
1) Heating the ingot of the high manganese steel of claim 1 to an austenitizing temperature of 1000-1150 ℃ at a speed of 100-150 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 1-3 h;
2) Taking out the cast ingot from the heating furnace, and fully immersing the cast ingot in water for cooling, thereby obtaining the nitrogen microalloyed high manganese steel with an austenitic structure.
3. The method for heat treatment of N microalloyed high manganese steel according to claim 2, wherein the room temperature water toughness of the ingot is austenite and partially carbonitride.
4. The heat treatment method for N microalloyed high manganese steel according to claim 2, wherein the carbonitride form in the room temperature water tough structure of the ingot is in the form of a grain shape or a short rod shape.
5. The heat treatment method of the N micro-alloyed high manganese steel according to claim 2, wherein the initial yield strength of the N micro-alloyed high manganese steel is 420 to 480MPa and the tensile strength is 820 to 850MPa.
6. The heat treatment method of the N micro-alloyed high manganese steel according to claim 2, wherein the elongation after break of the N micro-alloyed high manganese steel is 30-50%, and the impact toughness is 90J/cm 2 ～250J/cm 2 。
7. The use of the N microalloyed high manganese steel of claim 1, wherein the N microalloyed high manganese steel is used in lining plates of mine pulverizer mills and crushers.
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