CN116067655A - Part testing device, part testing equipment and part testing method - Google Patents
Part testing device, part testing equipment and part testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116067655A CN116067655A CN202310202991.0A CN202310202991A CN116067655A CN 116067655 A CN116067655 A CN 116067655A CN 202310202991 A CN202310202991 A CN 202310202991A CN 116067655 A CN116067655 A CN 116067655A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 205
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
Abstract
The invention provides a part testing device, part testing equipment and a part testing method, relates to the technical field of part testing, and aims to solve the problem that an applied static load influences a dynamic load so as to influence a testing result when the dynamic load is applied to a bearing. The part test device includes: base, connecting axle, sleeve, mounting and test fastening assembly. The connecting shaft and the sleeve are both arranged on the base, and the connecting shaft is arranged in the sleeve in a penetrating way. The connecting axle sets up with telescopic inner wall interval to form accommodation, accommodation is used for holding the part. The mounting is located the sleeve, and the mounting is connected with the sleeve, and with part butt, the part is located between base and the mounting. The two ends of the test fastening component are respectively connected with the sleeve and the connecting shaft, and the test fastening component is used for adjusting the distance between the sleeve and the connecting shaft so as to compress or release the parts. The invention also provides part testing equipment comprising the part testing device of the claim.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of part testing technologies, and in particular, to a part testing device, a part testing apparatus, and a part testing method.
Background
The bearing is one of key components of a rocket engine ground testing device, has good working performance, ensures periodic high-speed rotation of a shafting, and has good environmental adaptability to bear severe load environments caused by combustion oscillation, mechanical vibration and shafting load. Therefore, a series of tests must be performed to verify the reliability of the bearing.
In the prior art, in order to simulate the influence of static and dynamic loads caused by combustion oscillation, mechanical vibration and shafting loads on the adaptability of the bearing environment, a bearing static and dynamic load compound test needs to be carried out. Currently, a bearing test stand is generally established to simulate two states of radial static loading and axial dynamic loading of the bearing test stand.
However, with the bearing test stand described above, the applied static load can affect the dynamic load and thus the test result when the dynamic load is applied to the bearing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a part testing device, part testing equipment and a part testing method, which are used for avoiding the influence of static load on dynamic load in the process of testing a bearing so as to improve the testing accuracy when the dynamic load is applied to the bearing.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a part testing apparatus for testing a part. The part test device includes: base, connecting axle, sleeve, mounting and test fastening assembly. The connecting shaft and the sleeve are both arranged on the base, and the connecting shaft is arranged in the sleeve in a penetrating way. The connecting axle sets up with telescopic inner wall interval to form accommodation, accommodation is used for holding the part. The mounting is located the sleeve, and the mounting is connected with the sleeve, and with part butt, the part is located between base and the mounting. The two ends of the test fastening component are respectively connected with the sleeve and the connecting shaft, and the test fastening component is used for adjusting the distance between the sleeve and the connecting shaft so as to compress or release the parts.
Compared with the prior art, in the part testing device provided by the invention, the distance between the sleeve and the connecting shaft can be reduced by utilizing the testing fastening assembly so as to squeeze the part positioned in the accommodating space, and then static load is applied to the part. Based on the above, the static load test of the parts can be realized by matching with other data display systems. Further, since the fixing member is connected with the sleeve and abuts against the part, the part is located between the base and the fixing member. At this time, under the cooperation of mounting and base, the part breaks away from accommodation space when can avoid exerting dynamic load to the part. Based on the dynamic load, the dynamic load test can be realized when the dynamic load is loaded on the parts by being matched with other data display systems. Still further, the static load is converted into a pressing force against the part using the above-described part testing apparatus. In other words, the static load is converted into a clamping internal force of the sleeve and the connecting shaft. At this time, the stability of the part can be ensured, and the influence of the part on the outside is avoided. Based on the method, the influence of the static load applied in the process of testing the part on the dynamic load can be avoided, so that the test error is reduced, and the test accuracy when the dynamic load is applied to the part is improved.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides part testing equipment. The part test apparatus includes: vibration table, static load detection system and part testing apparatus as claimed in the preceding claims. The base of the part testing device is arranged on the vibrating table, and the static load detection system is electrically connected with the test fastening assembly of the part testing device and used for monitoring the strain value of the test fastening assembly.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the part testing equipment provided by the invention are the same as those of the part testing device described in the technical scheme, and the description is omitted here.
In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a part testing method, which is applied to the part testing apparatus described in the preceding claims. The part testing method comprises the following steps:
adjusting the distance between the sleeve and the connecting shaft using the test fastening assembly to compress the part;
obtaining a strain value of a test fastening assembly when compressing a part;
when the strain value is determined to meet the static load application condition, placing a part testing device fixed with a part on a vibrating table;
dynamic loading is applied to the part using a vibrating table and power spectral density is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the part testing method provided by the invention are the same as those of the part testing device and the part testing equipment described in the technical scheme, and the description is omitted here. Further, the vibration table can be used for applying dynamic load with any frequency to the part, and compared with the condition that the performance of the part under low frequency can be tested in the prior art, the part testing method and the part testing equipment provided by the invention can cover low frequency and high frequency, and the testing environment of the part is enlarged. Furthermore, the invention can realize the accurate test of the part in a complex environment in combination with the test when the part is loaded with static load, thereby verifying the reliability of the part.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a part testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of a test fastener assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a part test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the change in strain values of the connecting rod during part testing in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of frequency versus power spectral density under dynamic loading in an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
1-part, 2-base, 3-connecting shaft, 4-sleeve,
40-first inner wall, 41-second inner wall, 42-third inner wall, 5-securing member,
6-test fastening assembly, 60-connecting rod, 61-fastener, 62-strain gauge,
63-blocking piece, 7-cover body, 8-static load detection system and 9-vibrating table.
Description of the embodiments
In order to clearly describe the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, in the embodiments of the present invention, the words "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish the same item or similar items having substantially the same function and effect. For example, the first threshold and the second threshold are merely for distinguishing between different thresholds, and are not limited in order. It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that the words "first," "second," and the like do not limit the amount and order of execution, and that the words "first," "second," and the like do not necessarily differ.
In the present invention, the words "exemplary" or "such as" are used to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete fashion.
In the present invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or", describes an association relationship of an association object, and indicates that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate: a alone, a and B together, and B alone, wherein a, B may be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship. "at least one of" or the like means any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s). For example, at least one (one) of a, b or c may represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a, b and c, wherein a, b, c can be single or multiple.
In connection with the description of the background section, existing bearing tests mainly include life tests for obtaining the working life of a bearing, performance tests for obtaining certain parameters (such as friction coefficient), and environment simulation tests for verifying the suitability of the environment. The current ground test device cannot cover the real use environment for the environment simulation test of the bearing, and only the high-speed rotation characteristic of the device can be verified through the performance test before delivery. Based on the above, in order to simulate the influence of static and dynamic loads caused by combustion oscillation, mechanical vibration and shafting loads on the adaptability of the bearing environment at the same time, a bearing static and dynamic load compound test needs to be carried out. Currently, it is common to build a bearing test stand for simulating its radially static loading and axially dynamic loading conditions. However, the bearing test stand has a problem that the static load and the dynamic load are mutually influenced and mutually coupled.
In order to solve the above technical problems, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a part testing apparatus for testing a part. The parts can be bearings or other devices to be tested. The following description is given by way of example of a bearing, and it is to be understood that the following description is for understanding only and is not intended to be limiting in any way.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the part test apparatus may include: base 2, connecting shaft 3, sleeve 4, mount 5 and test fastener assembly 6. The connecting shaft 3 and the sleeve 4 are arranged on the base 2, and the connecting shaft 3 is arranged in the sleeve 4 in a penetrating way. The connecting shaft 3 is disposed at an interval from the inner wall of the sleeve 4 to form an accommodating space for accommodating the part 1. The fixing piece 5 is located in the sleeve 4, the fixing piece 5 is connected with the sleeve 4 and is abutted with the part 1, and the part 1 is located between the base 2 and the fixing piece 5. The test fastening assembly 6 is connected to the sleeve 4 and the connection shaft 3 at both ends thereof, respectively, and the test fastening assembly 6 is used to adjust the distance between the sleeve 4 and the connection shaft 3 to compress or release the part 1.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the base 2 and the connecting shaft 3 have a part of hollow areas inside, at this time, the manufacturing costs of the base 2 and the connecting shaft 3 can be reduced, and the weight of the base 2 and the connecting shaft 3 can be reduced, which is beneficial to reducing the energy consumption when dynamic load is provided by using the vibrating table 9 in the later stage. In the embodiment of the present invention, the connecting shaft 3 is located in the central area of the base 2, and the base 2 and the connecting shaft 3 are integrally formed.
Further, the shape of the accommodating space is matched with the shape of the bearing. When in actual use, the connecting shaft 3 penetrates through the inner ring of the bearing, the inner wall of the bearing is attached to the connecting shaft 3, and the outer wall of the bearing is attached to the inner wall of the sleeve 4. At this time, the stability of the bearing can be further ensured, and the bearing can be tested advantageously.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in the part testing apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the sleeve 4 and the connection shaft 3 can be reduced by the test fastening assembly 6 to press the part 1 located in the receiving space, thereby applying a static load to the part 1. Based on the above, the static load test of the parts can be realized by matching with other data display systems. Further, since the fixing member 5 is connected to the sleeve 4 and abuts against the part 1, the part 1 is located between the bearing surface and the fixing member 5. At this time, the component 1 can be prevented from being separated from the accommodation space when a dynamic load is applied to the component 1 by the cooperation of the fixing member 5 and the base 2. Based on the above, the test when the dynamic load is loaded on the part 1 can be realized by being matched with other data display systems. Still further, the static load is converted into the pressing force against the component 1 by the above-described component testing apparatus. In other words, the static load is converted into a clamping internal force of the sleeve 4 and the connecting shaft 3. At this time, the stability of the part 1 can be ensured, and the part 1 is prevented from affecting the outside. Based on this, the influence of the static load applied in the process of testing the part 1 on the dynamic load can be avoided, so that the test error is reduced, and the test accuracy when the dynamic load is applied to the part 1 is improved.
As one possible implementation, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the above-mentioned test fastening assembly 6 may include: a connecting rod 60, a fastener 61 and a strain gage 62. The first end of the connecting rod 60 is connected to the connecting shaft 3, the fastener 61 is provided to the sleeve 4, and the fastener 61 is connected to the second end of the connecting rod 60. The strain gauge 62 is disposed on a side wall of the connecting rod 60 between the first and second ends.
By adopting the technical scheme, the connecting rod 60 can be strained by adjusting the tightening torque of the fastener 61, and the strain of the connecting rod 60 acts on the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing through the sleeve 4 and the connecting shaft 3. For example, the sleeve 4 may be compressed by tightening the fastener 61, where the sleeve 4 would compress the bearing inwardly. Based on this, it is possible to achieve a static load applied to the bearing.
For example, the material of the connecting rod 60 may be metal, and the type of metal may be selected according to the actual situation, so long as the actual requirement can be satisfied. The first and second ends of the connecting rod 60 are provided with external threads, and the connecting shaft 3 and the fastener 61 are provided with internal threads matching the external threads. For example, the fastener 61 may be a hollow bolt. In the embodiment of the present invention, the first end of the connecting rod 60 is screwed with the connecting shaft 3, and the fastener 61 is also screwed with the second end of the connecting rod 60. Further, the number and the arrangement positions of the strain gauges 62 may be set according to practical situations, in the embodiment of the present invention, 3 to 4 strain gauges 62 are disposed on the side wall of the connecting rod 60, and the length direction of the strain gauges 62 is parallel to the axis direction of the connecting rod 60.
In one example, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the above-described test fastening assembly 6 may further include: the blocking member 63 is disposed on a side wall of the connecting rod 60 and is fixed circumferentially with respect to the connecting rod 60. A stop 63 is located between the first end and the strain gauge 62 for defining the distance between the second end and the connecting shaft 3.
The size of the connecting rod 60 penetrating into the connecting shaft 3 can be limited by the blocking piece 63, so that the connecting rod 60 is prevented from penetrating into the connecting shaft 3 too much, and the situation that the connecting rod 60 cannot be firmly connected with the fastening piece 61 due to the too far distance between the connecting rod 60 and the fastening piece 61 is avoided, and stable application of static load is ensured. Further, in the process of assembling the connecting rod 60 with the connecting shaft 3, the tightening tool such as a wrench is facilitated to apply force under the cooperation of the blocking member 63, so that the connecting rod 60 and the connecting shaft 3 are facilitated to be connected together. Illustratively, the stop 63 may be a nut.
In one example, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the part test apparatus may further include: and a cover 7. The lid 7 sets up with base 2 relatively and the interval, and sleeve 4 and connecting axle 3 all are located between lid 7 and the base 2, and lid 7 respectively with sleeve 4 and connecting axle 3 fastening connection.
In the embodiment of the present invention, since the base 2 and the connection shaft 3 are integrally formed, when the cover 7 is fastened to the connection shaft 3, the distance between the cover 7 and the base 2 is fixed. Again, since the sleeve 4 is located between the cover 7 and the base 2, the sleeve 4 is now defined between the base 2 and the cover 7. Thus, it is possible to further ensure that the sleeve 4 is securely connected with the base 2. Based on this, not only can further avoid the part to break away from accommodation space when exerting dynamic load to the part. Meanwhile, the stability of the sleeve 4 can be further ensured, and the stability and the firmness of the part testing device are further ensured.
In one example, when the part testing apparatus includes a cover, the sleeve may be placed only on the base, but not welded, glued, bolted, or the like to the base.
In another example, when the part testing apparatus includes a cover, the sleeve may be welded, glued, or bolted to the base.
As a possible implementation, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the inner wall of the sleeve 4 is a stepped inner wall. The stepped inner wall includes a first inner wall 40, a second inner wall 41 and a third inner wall 42 having gradually decreasing thicknesses in this order in a direction away from the base 2. Specifically, the thickness of the first inner wall 40 is smaller than the thickness of the second inner wall 41, and the thickness of the second inner wall 41 is smaller than the thickness of the third inner wall 42. Part 1 is located between second inner wall 41 and connecting shaft 3, and the height H1 of part 1 is equal to the height H2 of second inner wall 41. The fixing member 5 is located between the third inner wall 42 and the connecting shaft 3, and the fixing member 5 is fixedly connected with the second inner wall 41.
Since the height H1 of the part is equal to the height H2 of the second inner wall 41, and the fixing member 5 is fastened to the second inner wall 41. At this time, the bearing is defined between the fixing member 5 and the boundary position (i.e., the stepped region) of the second inner wall 41 and the first inner wall 40. Based on this, when a dynamic load is applied to the bearing, the bearing is fixed between the stepped region and the fixing member 5, preventing the bearing from moving up and down, and further preventing the part test apparatus from additionally applying a dynamic load to the bearing, so as to reduce the influence on the dynamic test of the bearing.
In one example, when the part testing apparatus includes two test fastening assemblies 6, the first test fastening assembly 6 is connected to the connecting shaft 3 through the third inner wall 42, and the first test fastening assembly 6 is spaced from the fixing member 5. The second test fastener assembly 6 is located between the first test fastener assembly 6 and the base 2, and the part is located between the two test fastener assemblies 6.
Since the two test fastening assemblies 6 are respectively located at two ends of the bearing, the actual static load applied to the bearing can be calculated more accurately by using the static load detection system 8 electrically connected with the test fastening assemblies 6. Based on this, the tightening torque applied to the fastener 61 can be adjusted in real time according to the value calculated by the static load detection system 8, so that the difference between the actual static load and the preset static load is within a controllable range, so as to ensure the accuracy of the test.
As a possible implementation, the above-mentioned part test device may include two test fastening assemblies 6 parallel to each other, the connecting shaft 3 being disposed through the part 1, each test fastening assembly 6 being parallel to the radial direction of the part 1. At this point, it is ensured that both test fastening assemblies 6 are radially static loaded against the bearing. Still further, the two test fastening assemblies 6 are located on the same side of the bearing. At this time, the operation of the staff is facilitated.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides a part testing device. Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the part test apparatus may include: vibration table 9, static load detection system 8 and part test apparatus as claimed in the preceding claims. The base 2 of the part testing apparatus is disposed on the vibration table 9, and the static load detection system 8 is electrically connected with the test fastening assembly 6 of the part testing apparatus for monitoring the strain value of the test fastening assembly 6.
The beneficial effects of the part testing device provided by the embodiment of the invention are the same as those of the part testing device described in the technical scheme, and are not described in detail herein.
The static load detection system 8 is illustratively a state-of-the-art static strain testing system, and reference is made to the prior art for its specific structure that is not described in detail herein. For example, the static load detection system 8 described above may be electrically connected by wires to the strain gauge 62 or the connecting rod 60 in the test fastening assembly 6.
Further, the vibration table 9 may provide a dynamic load of any frequency to the part, for example, the dynamic load frequency may be from low frequency to high frequency. At this time, the performance of the bearing under a complex environment of static load and high-frequency dynamic load can be tested by using the part test equipment. The specific structure of the vibration table 9 is not particularly limited as long as it can satisfy the actual requirements.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a part testing method, which is applied to the part testing apparatus described in the foregoing claims. Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the part test method includes:
step 101: a first end of the first connecting rod 60 is threaded into a blind hole in the connecting shaft 3 near the base 2.
Step 102: the sleeve 4 is fitted over the outer side of the connecting shaft 3 in the axial direction of the connecting shaft 3, and then the bearing is placed in the accommodating space in the axial direction of the connecting shaft 3.
Step 103: the fixing member 5 is placed inside the sleeve 4, and the fixing member 5 is fastened to one end of the sleeve 4 away from the base 2 by a bolt, and the fixing member 5 abuts against an end surface of the bearing, so that the bearing is fixed by the fixing member 5.
Step 104: the first end of the second connecting rod 60 is threaded into a blind hole in the connecting shaft 3 remote from the base 2.
Step 105: the two fasteners 61 are respectively penetrated through holes formed on the wall of the sleeve 4, so that the two fasteners 61 are respectively connected with the second end of the first connecting rod 60 and the second end of the second connecting rod 60 in a threaded manner.
Step 106: the distance between the sleeve 4 and the connecting shaft 3 is adjusted using the test fastening assembly 6 to compress the parts.
Illustratively, by tightening the fastener 61, the distance between the sleeve 4 and the connecting shaft 3 is reduced to compress the bearing located in the receiving space.
Step 107: obtaining a strain value of the test fastening assembly 6 when compressing the part;
illustratively, the strain value of the test fastener assembly 6 is obtained when the part is compressed using a static load detection system 8 electrically connected to the test fastener assembly 6. In an embodiment of the present invention, the strain value of the fastener assembly 6 is tested for multiple acquisitions of the compressed part to calculate the average strain value. That is, the strain value is an average strain value, and the error can be reduced.
Step 108: when the strain value is determined to meet the static load application condition, placing a part testing device fixed with a part on the vibration table 9;
the static load applied to the bearing can be adjusted in place at one time by using the test fastening assembly 6, and the static load and the dynamic load are not required to be adjusted again in the later test process, so that the coupling problem of the static load and the dynamic load is avoided.
Step 109: before the part testing device to which the parts are fixed is placed on the vibration table 9, the cover 7 is fastened to the connection shaft 3 and the sleeve 4 with bolts, respectively.
Illustratively, in the case of the cover 7 being installed with the fastener 61 and sleeve 4 in place, the accuracy of the static load may be ensured, facilitating the sleeve 4 to be squeezed.
Step 1010: dynamic loading is applied to the part using vibration table 9 and the power spectral density is obtained.
The frequency provided by the vibration table 9 may be set according to actual needs, and is not particularly limited herein.
The beneficial effects of the part testing method provided by the embodiment of the invention are the same as those of the part testing device and the part testing equipment described in the technical scheme, and are not repeated here. Further, by using the vibration table 9, dynamic load with any frequency can be applied to the part, and compared with the condition that the performance of the part under low frequency can only be tested in the prior art, the part testing method and the part testing device provided by the embodiment of the invention can cover low frequency and high frequency, and the testing environment of the part is enlarged. Furthermore, the embodiment of the invention can realize accurate test of the part in a complex environment in combination with the test when the part is loaded with static load, so as to verify the reliability of the part.
In one possible implementation, when the test fastening assembly includes a connecting rod, a fastener, and a strain gauge, the static load application conditions are:
wherein ,
represents the strain value of the connecting rod,nnumber indicating connecting rod,/->
Indicating a preset strain value of the connecting rod.
In one example, the strain values of the connecting rods described above satisfy:
wherein ,
representing the measured value of the strain gage on the connecting rod,nthe number of the connecting rod is indicated,ithe number of the strain gage on the connecting rod is shown,Nindicating the number of strain gages. />
The preset strain value of the connecting rod meets the following conditions:
wherein ,Frepresenting static loadThe charge of the charge-air source is controlled,Erepresenting the modulus of elasticity of the connecting rod material,dindicating the nominal diameter of the connecting rod.
In the embodiment of the invention, since the part test device comprises two test fastening assemblies, the strain values of the two connecting rods are required to meet the static load application conditions. For ease of distinction, the strain value of the tie bars in the first test fastener assembly is defined as
The strain value of the connecting rod in the second test fastening assembly is defined as +.>
。
In the actual test process, moment is sequentially applied to the two fasteners, and the strain values of the two connecting rods are monitored in real time by utilizing a static load detection system
and />
. When->
And->
When the torque is stopped to the fastener.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the change condition of the strain value of one of the connecting rods monitored by the static load detection system when the static load and the dynamic load of the bearing are tested by using the part testing device provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown, and the reliability range of the test of the part testing device provided by the embodiment of the invention under the application of the dynamic load is shown.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the torque applied to the fastener is continuously adjusted within the range of 0 to 300s, so that the strain value detected by the static load detection system meets the actual requirement (i.e., the detected strain value meets the static load application condition). In the range of 300 to 680s, a certain static load is applied to the bearing to test the performance of the bearing under the static load of the degree. In the range of 680-2000 s, dynamic load is applied to the bearing on the basis of static load, so that the bearing can perform performance test under the composite environment of the static load and the dynamic load. As can be seen from fig. 4, the difference between the strain value detected by the static load detection system in the range of 680-2000 s and the strain value detected by the static load detection system in the range of 300-680 s is small, and the difference is negligible in the error range. Based on the above, when the part test equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for testing the part, the influence of dynamic load on static load can be ignored. As can be seen from the foregoing description, the part testing apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present invention can reduce or avoid the problem of mutual influence and mutual coupling between static load and dynamic load, so as to improve the testing accuracy of the part. Fig. 5 shows that the part test apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present invention may apply a dynamic load with a frequency range of 10hz to 2000hz to a part. Namely, the part testing equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention can cover low frequency and high frequency so as to enlarge the testing environment of the part. Wherein the root mean square acceleration is 34.46g.
In the description of the above embodiments, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A part testing apparatus for testing a part, the part testing apparatus comprising:
a base;
the connecting shaft is arranged on the base;
the sleeve is arranged on the base, and the connecting shaft is arranged in the sleeve in a penetrating way; the connecting shaft is arranged at intervals with the inner wall of the sleeve so as to form an accommodating space; the accommodating space is used for accommodating the part;
the fixing piece is positioned in the sleeve; the fixing piece is connected with the sleeve and is abutted with the part; the part is positioned between the base and the fixing piece;
and the two ends of the test fastening assembly are respectively connected with the sleeve and the connecting shaft, and the test fastening assembly is used for adjusting the distance between the sleeve and the connecting shaft so as to compress or release the part.
2. The part testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the test fastening assembly comprises:
the first end of the connecting rod is connected with the connecting shaft;
the fastener is arranged on the sleeve and is connected with the second end of the connecting rod;
the strain gauge is arranged on the side wall of the connecting rod and is positioned between the first end and the second end.
3. The part testing apparatus of claim 2, wherein the test fastening assembly further comprises: the blocking piece is arranged on the side wall of the connecting rod and is circumferentially fixed relative to the connecting rod; the blocking piece is positioned between the first end and the strain gauge and used for limiting the distance between the second end and the connecting shaft; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the part test apparatus further includes: the cover body is opposite to the base and is arranged at intervals; the sleeve and the connecting shaft are both positioned between the cover body and the base, and the cover body is respectively and tightly connected with the sleeve and the connecting shaft.
4. The part testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the sleeve is a stepped inner wall;
the stepped inner wall sequentially comprises a first inner wall, a second inner wall and a third inner wall with gradually reduced thickness along the direction away from the base; the part is positioned between the second inner wall and the connecting shaft, and the height of the part is equal to the height of the second inner wall; the fixing piece is located between the third inner wall and the connecting shaft, and the fixing piece is fixedly connected with the second inner wall.
5. The part testing apparatus of claim 4, wherein when the part testing apparatus comprises two of the test fastener assemblies;
the first test fastening assembly penetrates through the third inner wall to be connected with the connecting shaft, and the first test fastening assembly is arranged at intervals with the fixing piece;
a second of the test fastener assemblies is positioned between the first of the test fastener assemblies and the base, and the part is positioned between the two test fastener assemblies.
6. The part testing apparatus of claim 1 or 5, wherein the part testing apparatus comprises two of the test fastening assemblies parallel to each other; the connecting shaft is arranged in the part in a penetrating way; each of the test fastening assemblies is parallel to a radial direction of the part.
7. A part testing apparatus, comprising:
the part testing apparatus of any one of claims 1-6;
the base of the part testing device is arranged on the vibration table;
and the static load detection system is electrically connected with the test fastening assembly of the part test device and is used for monitoring the strain value of the test fastening assembly.
8. A part testing method, characterized by being applied to the part testing apparatus of claim 7; the part testing method comprises the following steps:
adjusting a distance between the sleeve and the connecting shaft with the test fastening assembly to compress the part;
obtaining a strain value of the test fastener assembly while compressing the part;
when the strain value meets the static load applying condition, placing the part testing device fixed with the part on a vibrating table;
dynamic loading is applied to the part by the vibrating table, and power spectral density is obtained.
9. The part testing method of claim 8, wherein when the test fastening assembly comprises a connecting rod, a fastener, and a strain gauge, the static load application condition is:
wherein ,
representing the strain value of the connecting rod,na number representing said connecting rod,/->
Representing a preset strain value of the connecting rod.
10. The part testing method of claim 9, wherein the connecting rod has a strain value that satisfies:
wherein ,
representing the measured value of said strain gauge on the connecting rod,nrepresenting the connecting rodIs provided with the number of (a),ithe number of the strain gage on the connecting rod is indicated,Nrepresenting the number of the strain gage;
the preset strain value of the connecting rod meets the following conditions:
wherein ,Frepresenting the static load of the vehicle and,Erepresenting the modulus of elasticity of the connecting rod material,drepresenting the nominal diameter of the connecting rod.
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