CN116067539B - Stress detection method of vertical shaft heading machine - Google Patents
Stress detection method of vertical shaft heading machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN116067539B CN116067539B CN202211725215.0A CN202211725215A CN116067539B CN 116067539 B CN116067539 B CN 116067539B CN 202211725215 A CN202211725215 A CN 202211725215A CN 116067539 B CN116067539 B CN 116067539B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
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- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009161 Espostoa lanata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000001624 Espostoa lanata Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
- G01L1/2268—Arrangements for correcting or for compensating unwanted effects
- G01L1/2281—Arrangements for correcting or for compensating unwanted effects for temperature variations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
- G01L1/2287—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges constructional details of the strain gauges
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a stress detection method of a vertical shaft heading machine, which comprises the following specific steps: judging and selecting stress points according to the calculation result of the finite element; adsorbing the manufactured temperature compensator to each stress point selected on the vertical shaft heading machine; placing a strain gauge, a battery and an antenna in a stainless steel water tight box, adhering a strain gauge to a stress point position of a region to be tested on the surface of a shaft heading machine, extracting strain data in a data file by using Labview, and calculating and analyzing to obtain a stress value of the measuring point. According to the invention, stress detection is performed in a contact manner, a safe and stable detection environment is ensured in detection operation through the temperature compensator and the watertight box, the detection precision is improved, the long-time power supply problem is solved, real-time data storage and long-distance transmission can be completed, the on-site working condition is overcome, and an important reference basis is provided for the underwater shaft heading machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of operation safety detection of heading machines, in particular to a stress detection method of a vertical shaft heading machine.
Background
Deep resource development and underground space utilization are one of important directions of deep scientific exploration in China, a vertical shaft is a main channel for entering deep strata, and the vertical shaft is used as a core structure and safety guarantee for underground space utilization and full life cycle service of mine production, and plays important roles of transportation of personnel, equipment, materials and products, mine ventilation and the like. The development and utilization of urban underground space become the current worldwide development trend and become an important mark for measuring urban modernization, along with the rapid development of urban, the available area of cities is reduced, underground space resources are developed and utilized, and the infrastructure of underground parking lots, municipal water supply and drainage pipe networks, underground storage and the like which are suitable for urban development is built, so that corresponding construction equipment, namely a vertical shaft heading machine, is generated.
Stress concentrations are one of the important causes of failure of important load bearing structures such as pipes, pressure vessels, turbine disks, compressor blades, and aircraft components. ; the metal component can change mechanical properties due to residual stress caused by daily processing and manufacturing and welding deformation and stress concentration generated under the action of dynamic and static loads in the service process, so that the mechanical properties of the structural component can be changed, finally the effects of corrosion resistance reduction, fatigue strength enhancement, fatigue life reduction, the beginning of cracking and distortion change of the shape precision of the structural component and the like are caused.
The vertical shaft drilling technology is an important technical support for deep development of China, the self-developed urban vertical shaft heading machine with the diameter of 14 meters is equipped in a set of equipment, the construction bottleneck of the underground pipe gallery of China is hopeful to be broken, and stress strain detection is one of important means for ensuring safe and stable operation of equipment; because the field working condition is complex and the equipment is required to run underwater for a long time, the common stress detection equipment and means cannot meet the requirement of the working condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a stress detection method of a vertical shaft heading machine, which is used for protecting the equipment from safe and stable operation.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the stress detection method of the vertical shaft heading machine comprises the following specific steps:
The method comprises the steps of S1, firstly modeling a shaft heading machine needing stress detection, carrying out finite element calculation through ANSYS, and judging and selecting stress points according to a calculation result of the finite element; polishing the stress point position in the region to be tested of the vertical shaft heading machine for placing the strain gauge;
S2, selecting a metal plate which is consistent with the measured object in material quality as a substrate of the temperature compensator, pasting a strain gauge on the front surface of the polished substrate by using glue, and covering the strain gauge by using resin glue; mounting a magnetic seat on the back of the substrate, and adsorbing the manufactured temperature compensator to each stress point selected on the vertical shaft heading machine;
s3, placing a strain gauge, a battery and an antenna in stainless steel watertight boxes, respectively welding the two watertight boxes at the root of a rotating arm and the root of a revolution arm of a rotating arm of a vertical shaft heading machine, and respectively acquiring strain sampling data of the rotating arm and the revolution arm;
S4, sticking strain gages at stress points of a region to be tested on the surface of the vertical shaft heading machine, adsorbing a temperature compensator near each strain gage, connecting the strain gages at each stress point position with the temperature compensator through a watertight joint, connecting the strain gages and the temperature compensator with the strain gages, transmitting data and instructions in a wireless mode, and storing the acquired whole-course stress data in a Flash memory in the strain gage; respectively acquiring data of the equipment in idle load and heavy load to perform data analysis;
and S5, extracting strain data in the data file by using Labview to calculate and analyze so as to obtain the stress value of the measuring point.
Specifically, in the step S1, the specific operation of polishing the stress point position in the region to be tested of the vertical shaft heading machine is as follows: firstly, marking a position where a strain gauge is attached by using a marking pen, and removing paint, an oxide layer, dirt, rust spots and an electroplated layer on the surface of a component by using a rough grinding head; and polishing by using a fine polishing head, and finally, cross-polishing lines along the 45-degree direction by using a polishing tool to enhance the binding force, wherein the polishing area is 4-6 times of the area of the strain gauge, and finally, wiping the polishing area in the same direction by using a cotton wool ball immersed with copper.
Specifically, the specific operation steps in the step S4 when the strain gauge is adhered are as follows:
a, performing appearance inspection and resistance measurement on the strain gauge; appearance checking whether the sensitive grid of the strain gauge has rust spots, whether the substrate and the cover layer are damaged or not and whether the lead is firm or not; the resistance measurement is used for checking whether the strain gauge has the conditions of open circuit and short circuit, the resistance is within 120+/-2 omega, and sorting is carried out according to the resistance so as to ensure that the difference between the resistance of the strain gauge of the temperature compensator and the resistance of the strain gauge of the stress point at the same position is not more than 0.1 omega;
b, confirming the surface and the adhesive surface of the foil part of the strain gauge, wiping the adhesive surface by using absorbent cotton balls immersed with copper, uniformly coating a layer 502 of adhesive on the adhesive surface of the strain gauge, completely attaching the strain gauge and the polished adhesive surface, pressing for proper time, and lengthening the pressing time when the temperature is lower;
c, performing quality inspection on the patch after finishing the patch; the patch quality inspection comprises appearance inspection, resistance and insulation resistance measurement, wherein the appearance inspection is used for observing whether the pasting position of the patch is correct, the resistance value of the strain gauge is measured to be within 120+/-2 omega by using an ohmmeter, and the insulation resistance between the lead-out wire of the strain gauge and the metal test piece is measured by using the ohmmeter, so that the insulation resistance is ensured to be more than 20MΩ.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, stress detection is performed in a contact manner, a safe and stable detection environment is ensured in detection operation through the temperature compensator and the watertight box, the detection precision is improved, the long-time power supply problem is solved, real-time data storage and long-distance transmission can be completed, the on-site working condition is overcome, and an important reference basis is provided for the underwater shaft heading machine.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a rotating arm of a shaft boring machine and a schematic view of stress points of the rotating arm.
In the figure: 1-self-rotating arm, 2-male rotating arm.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to protect all technical improvements within the scope of the invention.
The stress detection method of the vertical shaft heading machine is shown in the accompanying drawings 1-2, the 14-meter vertical shaft heading machine is taken as a detection object, the rotating arm comprises a revolution arm and two autorotation arms, and three rotary cutterhead support arms are respectively arranged on the two autorotation arms; the method comprises the following specific steps:
S1, modeling a vertical shaft heading machine, and performing finite element calculation through ANSYS to obtain the selection of stress points as follows: the four measuring points on the male rotating arm, from the three measuring points on the rotating arm, mark the position where the strain gauge is required to be pasted by a marking pen; four measuring points L, M, N, O on the male rotating arm are respectively: the L point is positioned at the boss of the male rotating arm, the M point is positioned at the joint of the lower flange of the male rotating arm and the cylinder body, the N point is positioned at the lower edge of the outer flange of the male rotating arm, and the O point is positioned at the side edge of the outer flange of the male rotating arm; one of the self-rotating arms is selected as a test object, and three measuring points A, B, C on the self-rotating arm are respectively: the A point is positioned in the middle of the front end of the self-rotating arm and used for detecting the supporting reaction force from the ground, which is received by the tool bit at the end part of the self-rotating arm; the B point is positioned at the root of one cutter head supporting arm frame and used for detecting the resistance of the rotating arm end cutter head in the rotating direction, the C point is positioned on a rotating shaft connected with the rotating arm and the revolution arm and used for testing the torque of the rotating shaft, and the joint of the rotating arm and the rotating shaft is also marked with Y which is used for placing a strain gauge; polishing the stress points, namely removing paint, an oxide layer, dirt, rust spots and an electroplated layer on the surface of a component by using a rough polishing head; and polishing by using a fine polishing head, and finally, cross-polishing lines along the 45-degree direction by using a polishing tool to enhance the binding force, wherein the polishing area is 4-6 times of the area of the strain gauge, and finally, wiping the polishing area in the same direction by using a cotton wool ball immersed with copper.
S2, selecting a metal plate with the material of 3cm multiplied by 7cm consistent with that of a measured object as a substrate of the temperature compensator, pasting a strain gauge on the front surface of the polished substrate by using glue, and covering the strain gauge by using resin glue; and mounting a magnetic seat on the back surface of the substrate, and adsorbing the manufactured temperature compensator to each stress point selected on the vertical shaft heading machine.
S3, manufacturing 2 stainless steel watertight boxes with the thickness of 250mm multiplied by 150mm, placing a strain gauge, a battery and an antenna in the stainless steel watertight boxes, respectively welding the two watertight boxes at the root of a rotating arm and the root of a revolving arm of a vertical shaft heading machine, wherein 2 SG404 strain gauges with the types of EXCBM to 11812 and EXCBM to 11813 are used in the watertight boxes of the revolving arm to collect data of four L, M, N, O points; two 300AH lithium batteries respectively supply power to the strain gauges in the two watertight boxes, and the power consumption of the strain gauges is as follows: the wireless transmitting and internal storage mode is 5V43mA, the internal storage mode is only 5V28mA, the capacity of ase:Sub>A memory card in each instrument is 1GB, sampling is carried out according to the sampling frequency of 40Hz, one end of the memory card is connected with ase:Sub>A watertight box through ase:Sub>A special USB connecting wire, the other end of the memory card is connected with ase:Sub>A notebook computer through ase:Sub>A USB-A male end, and test datase:Sub>A of the strain gauge are transferred into the notebook computer.
S4, sticking strain gauges at stress points of a region to be tested on the surface of the vertical shaft heading machine, adsorbing a temperature compensator near each strain gauge, connecting the strain gauges at the stress points with the temperature compensator through watertight joints, connecting the strain gauges and the temperature compensator with the strain gauges, starting the strain gauges, transmitting data and instructions in a wireless mode, and storing the acquired whole-course stress data in a Flash memory in the strain gauges; and respectively acquiring data of the equipment in three states of no-load operation, water injection post-operation and heavy load operation for data analysis, wherein the water injection post-operation is the no-load operation of the equipment after water injection, and the heavy load operation is the operation state of the equipment when tunneling is carried out after the cutterhead is contacted with the ground after water injection.
And S5, extracting strain data in the data file by using Labview to calculate and analyze so as to obtain the stress value of the measuring point.
Specifically, in the step S1, the specific operation of polishing the stress point position in the region to be tested of the vertical shaft heading machine is as follows: firstly, marking a position where a strain gauge is attached by using a marking pen, and removing paint, an oxide layer, dirt, rust spots and an electroplated layer on the surface of a component by using a rough grinding head; and polishing by using a fine polishing head, and finally, cross-polishing lines along the 45-degree direction by using a polishing tool to enhance the binding force, wherein the polishing area is 4-6 times of the area of the strain gauge, and finally, wiping the polishing area in the same direction by using a cotton wool ball immersed with copper.
Preferably, the specific operation steps when the strain gauge is adhered are as follows:
a, performing appearance inspection and resistance measurement on the strain gauge; appearance checking whether the sensitive grid of the strain gauge has rust spots, whether the substrate and the cover layer are damaged or not and whether the lead is firm or not; the resistance measurement is used for checking whether the strain gauge has the conditions of open circuit and short circuit, the resistance is within 120+/-2 omega, and sorting is carried out according to the resistance so as to ensure that the difference between the resistance of the strain gauge of the temperature compensator and the resistance of the strain gauge of the stress point at the same position is not more than 0.1 omega;
b, confirming the surface and the adhesive surface of the foil part of the strain gauge, wiping the adhesive surface by using absorbent cotton balls immersed with copper, uniformly coating a layer 502 of adhesive on the adhesive surface of the strain gauge, completely attaching the strain gauge and the polished adhesive surface, pressing for proper time, and lengthening the pressing time when the temperature is lower;
c, performing quality inspection on the patch after finishing the patch; the patch quality inspection comprises appearance inspection, resistance and insulation resistance measurement, wherein the appearance inspection is used for observing whether the pasting position of the patch is correct, the resistance value of the strain gauge is measured to be within 120+/-2 omega by using an ohmmeter, and the insulation resistance between the lead-out wire of the strain gauge and the metal test piece is measured by using the ohmmeter, so that the insulation resistance is ensured to be more than 20MΩ.
The invention is not described in detail in the prior art.
The embodiments selected herein for the purposes of disclosing the invention are presently considered to be suitable, but it is to be understood that the invention is intended to include all such variations and modifications as fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The stress detection method of the vertical shaft heading machine is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
The method comprises the steps of S1, firstly modeling a shaft heading machine needing stress detection, carrying out finite element calculation through ANSYS, and judging and selecting stress points according to a calculation result of the finite element; polishing the stress point position in the region to be tested of the vertical shaft heading machine for placing the strain gauge;
S2, selecting a metal plate which is consistent with the measured object in material quality as a substrate of the temperature compensator, pasting a strain gauge on the front surface of the polished substrate by using glue, and covering the strain gauge by using resin glue; mounting a magnetic seat on the back of the substrate, and adsorbing the manufactured temperature compensator to each stress point selected on the vertical shaft heading machine;
s3, placing a strain gauge, a battery and an antenna in stainless steel watertight boxes, respectively welding the two watertight boxes at the root of a rotating arm and the root of a revolution arm of a rotating arm of a vertical shaft heading machine, and respectively acquiring strain sampling data of the rotating arm and the revolution arm;
S4, sticking strain gages at stress points of a region to be tested on the surface of the vertical shaft heading machine, adsorbing a temperature compensator near each strain gage, connecting the strain gages at each stress point position with the temperature compensator through a watertight joint, connecting the strain gages and the temperature compensator with the strain gages, transmitting data and instructions in a wireless mode, and storing the acquired whole-course stress data in a Flash memory in the strain gage; respectively acquiring data of the equipment in idle load and heavy load to perform data analysis;
and S5, extracting strain data in the data file by using Labview to calculate and analyze so as to obtain the stress value of the measuring point.
2. The stress detection method of a shaft boring machine according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, the specific operation of polishing the stress point position in the to-be-tested area of the vertical shaft heading machine is as follows: firstly, marking a position where a strain gauge is attached by using a marking pen, and removing paint, an oxide layer, dirt, rust spots and an electroplated layer on the surface of a component by using a rough grinding head; and polishing by using a fine polishing head, and finally, cross-polishing lines along the 45-degree direction by using a polishing tool to enhance the binding force, wherein the polishing area is 4-6 times of the area of the strain gauge, and finally, wiping the polishing area in the same direction by using a cotton wool ball immersed with copper.
3. The stress detection method of a shaft boring machine according to claim 1, wherein: the specific operation steps in the step S4 when the strain gauge is pasted are as follows:
a, performing appearance inspection and resistance measurement on the strain gauge; appearance checking whether the sensitive grid of the strain gauge has rust spots, whether the substrate and the cover layer are damaged or not and whether the lead is firm or not; the resistance measurement is used for checking whether the strain gauge has the conditions of open circuit and short circuit, the resistance is within 120+/-2 omega, and sorting is carried out according to the resistance so as to ensure that the difference between the resistance of the strain gauge of the temperature compensator and the resistance of the strain gauge of the stress point at the same position is not more than 0.1 omega;
b, confirming the surface and the adhesive surface of the foil part of the strain gauge, wiping the adhesive surface by using absorbent cotton balls immersed with copper, uniformly coating a layer 502 of adhesive on the adhesive surface of the strain gauge, completely attaching the strain gauge and the polished adhesive surface, pressing for proper time, and lengthening the pressing time when the temperature is lower;
c, performing quality inspection on the patch after finishing the patch; the patch quality inspection comprises appearance inspection, resistance and insulation resistance measurement, wherein the appearance inspection is used for observing whether the pasting position of the patch is correct, the resistance value of the strain gauge is measured to be within 120+/-2 omega by using an ohmmeter, and the insulation resistance between the lead-out wire of the strain gauge and the metal test piece is measured by using the ohmmeter, so that the insulation resistance is ensured to be more than 20MΩ.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211725215.0A CN116067539B (en) | 2022-12-31 | 2022-12-31 | Stress detection method of vertical shaft heading machine |
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| CN202211725215.0A CN116067539B (en) | 2022-12-31 | 2022-12-31 | Stress detection method of vertical shaft heading machine |
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| CN116067539B true CN116067539B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
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| CN116067539A (en) | 2023-05-05 |
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