CN112630033A - Buried road structure change monitoring device - Google Patents
Buried road structure change monitoring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112630033A CN112630033A CN202011593180.0A CN202011593180A CN112630033A CN 112630033 A CN112630033 A CN 112630033A CN 202011593180 A CN202011593180 A CN 202011593180A CN 112630033 A CN112630033 A CN 112630033A
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
- G01K7/18—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a linear resistance, e.g. platinum resistance thermometer
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- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
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- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of road pavement structure monitoring, and relates to a buried road structure change monitoring device. The invention realizes the installation of equipment and parts, is quick, does not damage the original pavement structure and does not influence the passing of road vehicles. The equipment maintenance and the part replacement are simple, and the test data is continuous and stable; the invention solves the problems that the continuous monitoring of the road surface use condition can not be realized, the test method is complex, the test result is discontinuous, and the like at present; meanwhile, deformation monitoring is carried out by adopting a plurality of sensors, fixed power supply wiring is not needed, and long-term monitoring of mountainous areas and other road sections with complex terrain conditions and high monitoring difficulty can be realized; the monitoring data can be transmitted in a remote and real-time mode through signals, data acquisition and recording errors are reduced, and the economic cost of labor and equipment is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of road pavement structure monitoring, in particular to a monitoring device for remotely, continuously and intelligently monitoring the change of a road structure under the alternate change of temperature and humidity and the load action of the road structure within a service life, and particularly relates to a monitoring device for the change of a buried road structure.
Background
After the road is constructed and put into use, various road surface diseases such as cracks, wave package and peeling can be generated along with the increase of service life of a road surface structure under the long-term load action and the change of temperature and humidity. Through the evaluation and analysis of the technical condition of the pavement structure, most of the causes of diseases are reflection cracks and other problems of the pavement due to uneven settlement generated after the base layer, the subbase layer and the roadbed are subjected to static and dynamic loads. Along with the large-scale permeable pavement structure in recent years in China, the application of the graded pavement structure is opened, so that after the water permeability of the pavement surface layer is improved, the pavement structure is in a wet state for a long time, and along with the increase of service life, the water damage effect of the pavement structure also enables the overall technical index of the pavement structure to be reduced, various diseases are generated, and the pavement structure is damaged.
At present, the monitoring of road structures in China is mostly annual inspection in fixed time. Most of detection equipment is a core drilling machine, an infrared road surface flaw detection system, a drop hammer type deflectometer and the like, and most of detection results are data such as a road surface deflection value, modulus and the like.
The two data only provide the result of monitoring the annual road surface structure change at the Nth time, and do not reflect the road surface structure change process of each layer of the road surface structure under the comprehensive factors of load effect, seasonal change, dry-wet alternation and the like. The indication of the change process is the sedimentation value, but the change of the stress condition of the structure under the action of perennial load is the primary factor for causing sedimentation. The settlement value of the pavement structure is changed due to stress of the pavement structure, and analysis shows that the settlement value of the pavement structure does not change linearly but changes nonlinearly under the action of a certain load when the pavement structure reaches a certain temperature and humidity.
At present, finite elements are mostly adopted to carry out simulation analysis on a road surface structure in academic research, and the method can ideally carry out static and dynamic analysis on the road surface structure in an ideal driving state. However, the change of the road surface structure is caused by comprehensive factors and changes along with the change of the external environment, so the analysis data of the finite element analysis method is still different from the actual analysis data. The aim of carrying out simulation test analysis on different road surface structures in different areas in China is difficult to realize in a laboratory due to the limitations of objective and subjective factors such as single road surface structure selection type, load loading condition and temperature and humidity simulation change.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the monitoring method and the testing device for the change of the pavement structure, the invention provides a monitoring device and a testing method for the stress change of a buried road structure.
The monitoring device can be used for different areas and different road surface structures, monitors the stress change condition of the road surface structure after the road is put into use, and realizes the functions of convenient installation of test parts, no damage to the original road surface structure, no manual maintenance, no need of independent power-on plug-and-play, and timely acquisition of the change data of the road surface structure. And the multi-point continuous monitoring of the same road enables the test result to be more accurate and the calculation system to be stable, and eliminates the influence of inaccurate manual operation data and other factors. The monitoring device solves the problems that the road surface structure cannot be continuously monitored by factors such as regions, temperature and climate, the traffic is interfered in the monitoring process, the labor investment is large, the economic cost is high, and the perennial continuous monitoring of each road cannot be realized.
The invention can realize long-term monitoring of structural changes of different road surfaces in different regions; the intelligent road maintenance system has important significance for analyzing stress change of the road surface structure under different external environments, collecting data, optimizing the combination design of the urban road surface structure, improving the urban road maintenance efficiency and implementing the intelligent road.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a buried road structure change monitoring device comprises a main body 1, a cover 16, sensor equipment and power supply equipment;
the main body 1 is of a cylinder structure with an opening at the top end, a sealing ring b12 is arranged at the top end of the main body 1, a sealing ring c15 is arranged at the bottom end of the cover 16, the cover 16 is arranged at the top of the main body 1, the cover 16 and the main body 1 are fixed into a whole through a nut 13 and a screw b14, and two sealing is realized through a sealing ring b12 and a sealing ring c 15; the top end of the cover 16 is provided with a through hole for wiring; the upper surface of the cover 16 is provided with a lifting ring 21, so that the installation is convenient;
the sensor device comprises a PCB (printed Circuit Board) 11, an antenna 18, a pressure sensor 4, a temperature sensor 6 and two humidity sensors 7; the PCB 11 is fixed on the bracket inside the main body 1 by a screw a9, and is located in the middle inside the main body 1; the sensor support 8 is fixed on the upper surface of the PCB 11, the wall body of the main body 1 is provided with three through holes, the temperature sensor 6 and the two humidity sensors 7 are fixed on the sensor support 8, the probe is positioned in the through hole on the wall body of the main body 1, and the through hole is internally provided with a sealing ring a 3; the pressure sensor 4 is fixed on the sensor bracket 8 through a rivet 5, and a spring 2 is arranged between the pressure sensor 4 and the inner wall of the main body 1 to realize the buffering function; the PCB 11 is connected with the pressure sensor 4, the temperature sensor 6 and the two humidity sensors 7 to realize data acquisition; the antenna 18 is connected with the PCB 11, extends out from a through hole at the top end of the cover 16 and is used for signal transmission, and a sealing ring d17 is arranged in the through hole to realize sealing;
the power supply equipment comprises a battery 10 and a solar panel 20; the battery 10 is positioned at the lower part in the main body 1, is connected with the PCB 11 and supplies power to the PCB 11; a solar panel 20 is mounted on the upper surface of the cover 16 by a solar support 19, and the solar panel 20 is connected to the battery 10 to supply power to the battery 10.
The main body 1 and the cover 16 are made of cast iron, and the lifting ring 21 is made of stainless steel. The battery 10 is a lithium battery.
Adopt above-mentioned device to carry out road structure atress change monitoring, specifically as follows: after the road construction is finished, coring according to the size of equipment at the position needing to be monitored; after taking out the core, inlay this device in road surface structure, both sides anchor simultaneously, then carry out pressure, temperature and humidity measurement through the sensor, monitor the change condition under the ground structure to gather through the PCB board, then through antenna transmission. The method can realize quick installation of new and old pavement structures, the outer wall of the cast iron can be effectively insulated, the influence of electric charge in soil is avoided, and meanwhile, the outer surface of the cast iron is brushed with anti-corrosion paint, so that long-term corrosion resistance can be realized.
In consideration of the limitation of a power supply at a monitoring position, the solar monitoring device adopts the principle that the solar panel stores electricity for a storage battery in the device to provide continuous power supply for the device, and the cover top is provided with an antenna for transmitting signals. Meanwhile, a sub-cover waterproof sealing ring is arranged in the cover, so that the damage to internal equipment caused by the immersion of surface water can be effectively prevented.
A temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged on the side wall of the equipment to monitor the change condition under the ground structure; the data monitored by the sensor can be transmitted out through the SIM card in the PCB at any time; and finally, data acquisition is realized, and data conversion and data analysis are performed through a computer system.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention realizes the installation of equipment and parts, is quick, does not damage the original pavement structure and does not influence the passing of road vehicles. The equipment maintenance and the part replacement are simple, and the test data is continuous and stable. The invention solves the problems that the continuous monitoring of the road use condition can not be realized, the test method is complex, the test result is discontinuous, and the like. Meanwhile, deformation monitoring is carried out by adopting various sensors, fixed power supply wiring is not needed, and long-term monitoring of mountainous areas and other terrain conditions with complex and high-difficulty road sections can be realized. Meanwhile, the monitoring data can be transmitted in a remote and real-time mode through signals, data acquisition and recording errors are reduced, and the labor cost and the equipment cost are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic view of a buried road structure stress change monitoring device of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a right side view of the buried road structure stress change monitoring device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the buried road structure stress change monitoring device of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a top view of the buried road structure stress change monitoring device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a main body; 2. a spring; 3. a sealing ring a; 4. a pressure sensor; 5. riveting; 6. a temperature sensor; 7. a humidity sensor; 8. a sensor holder; 9. a screw a; 10. a lithium battery; 11. a PCB board; 12. a sealing ring b; 13. a nut; 14. a screw b; 15. a seal ring c; 16. a cover; 17. a seal ring d; 18. an antenna; 19. a solar rack; 20. a solar panel; 21. lifting the ring; 22 screws c.
Detailed Description
The following combines the attached drawings and the technical scheme; further illustrating embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the overall structure of the device for testing the stress change of the buried road structure of the invention is divided into 4 parts: main body 1, lid 16, sensor equipment (PCB board 11, antenna 18, pressure sensor 4, temperature sensor 6 and two humidity sensors 7), power supply equipment (battery 10 and solar panel 20), specifically as follows:
the main machine body 1 is positioned at the lower part of the whole device, the cover 16 is connected with the main machine body 1 through a nut 13 and a screw b14, a sealing ring b12 is arranged at the top end of the main machine body 1, and a sealing ring c15 is arranged at the bottom end of the cover 16, so that two sealing is realized; the PCB 11 and the battery 10 are positioned in the main body 1, the PCB 11 is fixed on a built-in bracket of the main body 1 through a screw a9, and the battery 10 supplies power to the PCB 11; the sensor support 8 is fixed on the PCB 11, the pressure sensor 4, the temperature sensor 6 and the two humidity sensors 7 are fixed on the sensor support 8, probes of the temperature sensor 6 and the two humidity sensors 7 are embedded in a through hole in the main body 1, and a sealing ring a3 is arranged in the through hole for sealing; the pressure sensor 4 is positioned on the main body 1 and is fixed on the sensor bracket 8 through a rivet 5, and a spring 2 is arranged between the pressure sensor 4 and the inner wall of the main body 1; the pressure sensor 4, the temperature sensor 6, the two humidity sensors 7 and the antenna 18 are all connected with the PCB 11, the PCB 11 is used for data acquisition, and signal transmission is carried out through the antenna 18; the antenna 18 extends from a through hole in the top end of the cover 16, and a sealing ring d17 is arranged in the through hole; the solar panel 20 is arranged on the upper surface of the cover 16 through a solar bracket 19, and the solar panel 20 is connected with the battery 10 to supply power to the battery 10; the upper surface of the cover 16 is provided with a pull ring 21, so that the equipment is convenient to mount and dismount; the top end of the cover 16 is fixed with the ground through a screw c22, so that the whole device is fixed in a detection hole of the ground.
In the embodiment, the main body 1 is a cast iron main body, whether the surface needs to be brushed with anti-corrosion paint or not is judged according to geological conditions, and an integrated casting support is arranged in the cast iron main body; the sensor bracket 8 is made of an electrolytic patch; the sealing ring a3, the sealing ring b12, the sealing ring c15 and the sealing ring d17 are made of silica gel; the lifting ring is made of stainless steel.
The device of the invention is multifunctional integrated monitoring equipment for intelligently and remotely monitoring the lateral stress of the temperature and the humidity of a road structure. After the road construction is finished, at an observation point needing continuous observation, a device hole with the depth of 1.0m and the diameter of 16cm is drilled by a core drilling machine, and the device is embedded and anchored with the ground at two sides through anchor bolts.
The equipment does not need an independent lead, the solar cell panel is adopted for supplying power, the pressure sensor detector is arranged on the outer surface of the equipment, data are transmitted back to the computer system through the SIM card, and the data can be remotely acquired in real time through the mobile phone.
Power supply and power supply device:
power supply assembly: two 5V 500MA solar panels 20 in the device are connected in series, and under the condition of sufficient sunlight, the maximum voltage of 10V can be obtained to charge the battery 10. The condition that no power supply exists nearby and the monitoring cannot be carried out can be effectively avoided.
An energy storage battery: the battery 10 is a series connection of two 3.7V 5000mAH lithium batteries for storing solar energy and powering the rest of the circuit. When the battery is fully charged, under the condition of no solar illumination, the ultra-long standby can be realized, the standby time depends on the frequency of data acquisition controlled by the mobile phone end of the user, and the ultra-long standby can be realized for more than 30 days.
A sensor:
and (3) temperature detection: the temperature sensor 6 has the detection principle of PT100 platinum resistance, and the resistance of the PT100 changes along with the temperature change in the soil when the PT100 metal probe is placed in the soil. The integrated operational amplifier LM258 amplifies the resistance signal, sends the amplified voltage signal AD _ NTC to the main control chip MINI58_32PIN for analog voltage and digital signal conversion to calculate the corresponding temperature, and monitors the ground temperature of-50-80 deg.C.
And (3) humidity detection: and the humidity sensor 7 is used for inserting two metal thin rods into the soil according to the detection principle, and a circuit detects the resistance between the two metal thin rods to calculate the humidity of the soil. In general, the resistance between the two metal rods is about several hundred ohms to several thousand ohms, depending on the use environment. The resistance change between the metal rods and the chip resistors are subjected to voltage division and then sent to an integrated operational amplifier LM258 for amplifying a signal AD _ HUMITY, and then the signal AD _ HUMITY is sent to a main control chip MINI58_32PIN for converting analog voltage and digital signals, so that the corresponding humidity is calculated. Degree-resistance table, in ohms.
A pressure sensor: the pressure sensor 4 adopts a weighing pressure sensor, belongs to a piezoresistor change type, normally has no voltage signal output by the electric bridge under the condition of no stress, and can destroy the balance of the original electric bridge to output different voltage signals when the surface of the sensor is stressed. The connected circuit integrated operational amplifier unit is used for signal amplification processing, and the output AD _ HEAVY is sent to the main control chip for processing and calculation.
Signal transmission and data acquisition:
SIM signal transmitting and receiving: the PCB 11 uses the GSM module external rotation antenna SIM800C to communicate the mobile phone information, the GSM module can work in the GSM frequency band of 850MHZ/900MHZ/1800MHZ/1900MHZ, and the receiving signal is transmitted with the nearby mobile phone signal base station through the external antenna after the SIM card of the mobile phone is inserted. The user can dial or send a command to the SIM card on the device through the mobile phone, and the SIM card immediately collects temperature/humidity/pressure data and sends the data to the mobile phone through the SIM module after receiving the command. After the data is collected by the mobile phone, the data can be transferred to computer analysis software for data storage and analysis.
Road structure deformation test principle:
the settlement of the road structure under the load can reflect the bearing capacity of the road structure. Therefore, after the road construction is finished, the change process of the structure of the road surface under the action of the external environment comprehensive factors can be reflected through long-term observation of the change condition of the road surface structure. By analyzing the change process, the optimal design can be carried out on the road surface structure thickness, the material, the construction process and the like in different areas, different road sections and different geological conditions, and the traffic flow can be dredged through the passing frequency of the vehicle load. Meanwhile, the damage condition of the road and the road section needing maintenance can be reflected in time.
The device mainly monitors numerical values from relative displacement and rigid displacement generated between pavement structure layers under the action of long-term static and dynamic loads. Along with the increase of service life, the whole thickness of the pavement structure, namely the settlement amount, can be changed, and further the pavement structure is deformed to generate diseases. And the geometric equation between the settlement amount and the external force F is a nonlinear change process.
The working principle is that the stress F under the action of static and dynamic loads of the road is decomposed into vertical force FvHorizontal force FhAnd a lateral force Fy(i.e., the oblique force under dynamic loading). The measuring points generate extrusion to cause the pavement structure to bulge and deform outwards under the action of external force load along with the time, and the relation between the pavement structure settlement amount change and temperature and humidity load is analyzed through data of monitoring lateral stress.
The pressure sensor 4 can read the corresponding lateral force F at the measuring pointy、Fh. The device carries out permanent observation and measurement on the stress, temperature and humidity of the road surface at the same position, and in the test process, the temperature sensor 6 and the humidity sensor 7 automatically measure and record the temperature t1And humidity omega1. The monitoring equipment returns the three kinds of monitoring data to the computer system platform through the signal device, and provides a basis for data analysis of road service conditions of the monitoring location. And correcting data according to seasons and special change conditions. Settling velocity a and horizontal force FhAnd a lateral force FyTemperature t, humidity ω are proportional.
y＝aT (1)
t＝k1t1±t2 (2)
ω＝k2ω1±ω2 (3)
Wherein
A first formula; y is the settlement displacement of the road pavement structure; a is the sedimentation velocity; t is monitoring duration;
a second formula; t is the roadbed temperature; t is t1Monitoring the average roadbed temperature; k is a radical of1Is a temperature correction coefficient; t is t2Seasonal temperature influence coefficients;
a formula III; omega is roadbed humidity; omega1Monitoring the average value of the roadbed humidity; k is a radical of2Is a humidity correction coefficient; omega2Is the seasonal humidity influence coefficient.
Claims (3)
1. A buried road structure change monitoring device is characterized by comprising a main machine body (1), a cover (16), sensor equipment and power supply equipment;
the main machine body (1) is of a cylinder structure with an opening at the top end, a sealing ring b (12) is arranged at the top end of the main machine body (1), a sealing ring c (15) is arranged at the bottom end of a cover (16), the cover (16) is installed at the top of the main machine body (1), the cover (16) and the main machine body (1) are fixed into a whole through a nut (13) and a screw b (14), and two sealing processes are realized through the sealing ring b (12) and the sealing ring c (15); the top end of the cover (16) is provided with a through hole for wiring; the upper surface of the cover (16) is provided with a lifting ring (21) which is convenient to install;
the sensor equipment comprises a PCB (printed circuit board) 11, an antenna 18, a pressure sensor 4, a temperature sensor 6 and two humidity sensors 7; the PCB (11) is fixed on a bracket in the main body (1) through a screw a (9) and is positioned in the middle of the main body (1); the sensor support (8) is fixed on the upper surface of the PCB (11), the wall body of the main body (1) is provided with three through holes, the temperature sensor (6) and the two humidity sensors (7) are fixed on the sensor support (8), the probe is positioned in the through hole on the wall body of the main body (1), and the through hole is internally provided with a sealing ring a (3); the pressure sensor (4) is fixed on the sensor bracket (8) through a rivet (5), and a spring (2) is arranged between the pressure sensor (4) and the inner wall of the main body (1) to realize the buffering function; the PCB (11) is connected with the pressure sensor (4), the temperature sensor (6) and the two humidity sensors (7) to realize data acquisition; the antenna (18) is connected with the PCB (11), extends out of a through hole at the top end of the cover (16) and is used for signal transmission, and a sealing ring d (17) is arranged in the through hole to realize sealing;
the power supply equipment comprises a battery (10) and a solar panel (20); the battery (10) is positioned at the lower part in the main body (1), is connected with the PCB (11) and supplies power to the PCB (11); the solar panel (20) is arranged on the upper surface of the cover (16) through a solar bracket (19), and the solar panel (20) is connected with the battery (10) and supplies power to the battery (10).
2. A buried road structure change monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the main body (1) and the cover (16) are made of cast iron, and the lifting ring (21) is made of stainless steel.
3. A buried road structure change monitoring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the battery (10) is a lithium battery.
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