CN116066785A - Animal and plant light-emitting device and lens thereof - Google Patents
Animal and plant light-emitting device and lens thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116066785A CN116066785A CN202310164223.0A CN202310164223A CN116066785A CN 116066785 A CN116066785 A CN 116066785A CN 202310164223 A CN202310164223 A CN 202310164223A CN 116066785 A CN116066785 A CN 116066785A
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
- F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/249—Lighting means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K29/00—Other apparatus for animal husbandry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K45/00—Other aviculture appliances, e.g. devices for determining whether a bird is about to lay
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
- F21V14/06—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by movement of refractors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0927—Systems for changing the beam intensity distribution, e.g. Gaussian to top-hat
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
- G02B27/0955—Lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an animal and plant light-emitting device and a lens thereof. The light-emitting device comprises a light source, a first lens, a second lens and a third lens, wherein the first lens, the second lens and the third lens are sequentially arranged along the light emitting direction of the light source. The light emitting device generates a rectangular illumination area through the first lens and achieves a change in divergence angle through successive refraction of the second lens and the third lens. The light-changing lens group is close to or far away from the first lens along the optical axis direction of the light source to change the illumination divergence angle of the animal and plant light-emitting device, so that the light intensity of the light-emitting device irradiated on the object placing table is changed, the illumination area and illumination intensity of the light-emitting device on the illuminated surface can be changed according to the shape and/or illumination intensity requirement of an illuminated object, and the situation that the illuminated animal and plant are located outside the illumination area and the light intensity distribution is uneven on the illuminated surface due to the large divergence angle when the traditional illumination equipment is used for illumination is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of animal and plant illumination, in particular to an animal and plant light-emitting device and a lens thereof.
Background
The intensity of illumination is closely related to the growth of plants or animals. By way of example, a difference in uniformity of illumination will necessarily result in a difference in yield and harvest time of the plant. The light sources and lighting control schemes in the light source network corresponding to the light demand locations of the plants are selected based on the spatial locations, growth stage characteristics and/or growth element characteristics of the plants within the growth space such that the illumination of the lighting device matches the growth demands of the plants. Plant growth is regulated by a variety of plant hormones, of which auxins and the like play an important role in plant morphogenesis. Auxin is generally referred to as indoleacetic acid, which is commonly found in various plant tissues and is capable of promoting plant growth, especially cell elongation, at low concentrations. The auxin is uniformly generated in the top meristem of the plant, and can be transported transversely under the action of illumination, and the transportation direction is from the light side to the backlight side, so that the auxin is unevenly distributed. The non-uniformly distributed auxin acts on the plant elongation zone to accelerate the elongation of cells at the backlight side, so that the plants grow phototropic. The phenomenon that the illumination influences the growth and development of plants is called the photomorphogenesis of the plants, and the illumination intensity required by the plants in different growth stages is different, so that the plants are provided with light with specific illumination intensity in different growth stages, and an animal and plant illumination device with adjustable illumination intensity is correspondingly arranged.
The animal and plant light-emitting device gathers light through the lens, improves the light intensity of an effective cultivation area, and improves the electric energy utilization efficiency of a light source.
Furthermore, there are differences in one aspect due to understanding to those skilled in the art; on the other hand, since the applicant has studied a lot of documents and patents while making the present invention, the text is not limited to details and contents of all but it is by no means the present invention does not have these prior art features, but the present invention has all the prior art features, and the applicant remains in the background art to which the right of the related prior art is added.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an animal and plant light-emitting device. The light-emitting device comprises a light source, a first lens, a second lens and a third lens, wherein the first lens, the second lens and the third lens are sequentially arranged along the light emitting direction of the light source. The first lens is designed based on a free-form surface, so that the light source light spots can be rectangular. The second lens and the third lens group form a variable light lens group. Preferably, the light rays emitted from the light source are continuously refracted by the second lens and the third lens to change the divergence angle. The light-changing lens group changes the light divergence angle of the animal and plant light-emitting device by approaching to or separating from the first lens along the optical axis direction of the light source, so as to change the light intensity of the light-emitting device irradiated on the object placing table.
For vegetable planting in a plant factory, seedling plants are transplanted for 2-3 times before the seedling plants reach the finished vegetable, and the planting density of the plants can be reduced after each transplanting. Some plant factories are limited by labor cost and production scale, and only transplanting is performed for 1-2 times, even not transplanting. Whether transplanting or not is carried out, a large amount of space is reserved around the plant after field planting or transplanting so as to meet the growth of the plant for a period of time in the future, and the space still receives continuous illumination when the plant is not covered, so that the improvement of the light energy utilization rate is not facilitated.
Preferably, the light distribution design is carried out by the light source, and the divergence angle of the light emitting device is changed by changing the distance between the light changing lens group formed by the second lens and the third lens and the first lens, so that the light emitting device can change the illumination area and illumination intensity of the light emitting device on the illuminated surface according to the shape and/or illumination intensity requirement of the illuminated object.
Preferably, the distance between the light-changing lens group and the first lens is changed, so that the illumination range of the light-emitting device just covers the light absorption part of the plant, the light energy utilization rate is improved, and the illumination area is increased along with the increase of the leaf area of the plant.
Preferably, under the condition that the light intensity required by the illuminated animals and plants is changed, the light emitting device adjusts the light intensity received by the illuminated animals and plants on the object placing table by adjusting the distance between the light changing lens group and the first lens.
Preferably, the light emitting device generates a rectangular illumination area through the first lens, and the plurality of light emitting devices are arranged on the mounting plate in a mode of overlapping edges of the rectangular illumination area to form a larger uniform illumination area, so that illumination blind areas can be eliminated, and the situation that the illuminated animals and plants are located outside the illumination area and the light intensity distribution on the illumination surface is uneven due to large divergence angle when the conventional illumination equipment performs close-range illumination is avoided.
According to a preferred embodiment, the first lens comprises an entrance free-form surface, a total reflection surface and an exit free-form surface. And light rays emitted by the light source are transmitted through the incidence free-form surface and/or reflected by the total reflection free-form surface and then are emitted from the emergent free-form surface to form rectangular light spots. The emergent free-form surface satisfies the following conditions: f=a×sin2α, α e (0, β); wherein F is the luminous flux of the incident free-form surface, alpha is the incident angle corresponding to the emergent light of the emergent free-form surface, beta is the critical value of the distribution angle of the incident free-form surface and the total reflection surface, and A is the coefficient. Preferably, A has a value of 2.5 to 4. Preferably, β=arctan (d/(h-l)); wherein d is the thickness of the first lens, h is the distance from the light source to the first lens, and l is the length of the light emitting surface of the light source chip. Preferably, the light sources used in the present invention are all multi-chip LED light sources.
Preferably, the first lens forms a rectangular illumination spot with uniform illumination intensity distribution on the illuminated surface by refraction and reflection of emergent light of the light source, so that a plurality of light emitting devices are convenient to coincide edges of the rectangular illumination area to form a larger uniform illumination area, and illumination blind areas can be eliminated, thereby avoiding the situation that the illuminated animals and plants are positioned outside the illumination area and the situation that the light intensity distribution is nonuniform on the illuminated surface due to large divergence angle when the traditional illumination equipment performs close-range illumination.
According to a preferred embodiment, the second lens and the third lens are meniscus lenses. The second lens and the third lens are assembled in the lens barrel in such a manner that the optical axes are aligned to constitute a variable light lens group. Preferably, the second lens and the third lens are arranged in order from small to large in curvature.
According to a preferred embodiment, the lighting device further comprises a mounting seat and a transmission mechanism. The light source is arranged on one side of the mounting seat, and at least two transmission mechanisms are arranged around the light source on the mounting seat. At least two transmission mechanisms are connected with the lens barrel through configured sliding blocks, so that the light-changing lens group can be close to or far away from the light source along the optical axis direction, and the divergence angle of the light beam generated by the light-emitting device is changed.
Preferably, the light-changing lens group changes the size of a rectangular light spot of the light-emitting device on the illuminated surface and the illumination intensity by approaching or separating from the first lens. Preferably, for a single plant, the light emitting device can change the irradiation area of the light emitting device on the single plant by adjusting the distance between the light changing lens group and the first lens so as to adapt to different light absorption areas of the plant in the growth period. For a plurality of plants arranged on the object placing table, after the light emitting device adjusts the distance between the light changing lens group and the first lens, especially when the light emitting device adjusts the distance between the light changing lens group and the first lens so that the illumination ranges of the plurality of light emitting devices overlap, the plants arranged on the object placing table can receive multi-angle illumination light rays, and therefore growth of the plants is promoted.
According to a preferred embodiment, the transmission mechanism further comprises a transmission shaft and a support. One end of the support is connected with the mounting seat, and the other end of the support is connected with the transmission shaft penetrating through the sliding block.
According to a preferred embodiment, at least one of the transmission mechanisms is provided with an electric motor. The motor is connected with the transmission shaft, so that the sliding block arranged on the transmission shaft can drive the lens cone to move along the light emitting direction of the animal and plant light emitting device, and the distance between the light changing lens group and the light source is changed.
According to a preferred embodiment, the animal and plant light emitting device changes the size of the rectangular light spot of the animal and plant light emitting device on the illuminated surface by changing the distance between the light-changing lens group and the first lens. The distance L between the variable light lens group and the first lens meets the following conditions: l= (L1-L2) a arctan (B/2-E) + (l1+l2)/2; wherein L1 is the maximum distance between the variable optical lens group and the first lens, L2 is the minimum distance between the variable optical lens group and the first lens, B is the illumination intensity on a certain illumination plane when the variable optical lens group and the first lens are at the maximum distance, and E is the illumination intensity required on the illumination plane.
Preferably, the light emitting device can change the illumination intensity of the light emitting device on a certain illumination surface by adjusting the distance between the light changing lens group and the first lens, and determine the size of the illumination area, thereby providing a basis for determining the installation position of the light emitting device on the installation plate.
The invention also provides a lens for the animal and plant light-emitting device. The lens sequentially comprises a first lens, a second lens and a third lens along the light emitting direction of the light source. The first lens is designed based on a free-form surface, so that light spots emitted by the light source are rectangular. The second lens and the third lens group form a variable light lens group. Preferably, the light rays emitted from the light source are continuously refracted by the second lens and the third lens to change the divergence angle. The light-changing lens group is close to or far from the first lens along the optical axis direction of the light source to change the illumination divergence angle of the animal and plant light-emitting device.
According to a preferred embodiment, the first lens comprises an entrance free-form surface, a total reflection surface and an exit free-form surface. And light rays emitted by the light source are transmitted through the incidence free-form surface and/or reflected by the total reflection free-form surface and then are emitted from the emergent free-form surface to form rectangular light spots. The emergent free-form surface satisfies the following conditions:
F＝A*sin2α，α∈(0，β)；
wherein F is the luminous flux of the incident free-form surface, alpha is the incident angle corresponding to the emergent light of the emergent free-form surface, beta is the critical value of the distribution angle of the incident free-form surface and the total reflection surface, and A is the coefficient.
According to a preferred embodiment, the light-changing lens group changes the light intensity received on the illuminated plane by changing the distance from the first lens in the direction of the optical axis of the light source so that the angle of divergence of the illumination light of the animal and plant light-emitting device is changed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic illustration of a lighting system employing a plurality of light emitting devices in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic diagram of a light emitting device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a simplified schematic diagram of a first lens of a preferred embodiment provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a simplified schematic diagram of a first lens and light source according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a simplified schematic diagram of the variable optical lens assembly approaching the first lens and the light source;
fig. 6 is a simplified schematic diagram of the variable optical lens assembly when it is far from the first lens and the light source.
List of reference numerals
100: a light emitting device; 101: a mounting base; 102: a light source; 103: a first lens; 104: a clamping block; 105: a second lens; 106: a third lens; 107: a lens barrel; 108: a slide block; 109: a transmission shaft; 110: a motor; 111: a support; 112: an incident free-form surface; 113: a total reflection curved surface; 114: a free-form surface is emergent; 200: a mounting plate; 300: and a storage table.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description with reference to fig. 1 to 6. The light-emitting device is used for carrying out light distribution design through the light source, and the first lens, the second lens and the third lens are sequentially arranged in the light-emitting direction of the light source. The light-emitting device generates a rectangular illumination area through the first lens, and the divergence angle of the light-emitting device is changed by changing the distance between the light-changing lens group formed by the second lens and the third lens and the first lens, so that the light-emitting device can change the illumination area and illumination intensity of the light-emitting device on the illuminated surface according to the shape and/or illumination intensity requirement of the illuminated object.
Preferably, under the condition that the light intensity required by the illuminated animals and plants is changed, the light emitting device adjusts the light intensity received by the illuminated animals and plants on the object placing table by adjusting the distance between the light changing lens group and the first lens.
Example 1
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an animal and plant light emitting device 100. The light emitting device includes a light source 102 and a first lens 103, a second lens 105, and a third lens 106 sequentially disposed in a light emitting direction of the light source 102. The first lens 103 is designed based on a free-form surface, so that the light spot of the light source 102 can be rectangular. The second lens 105 and the third lens 106 constitute a variable light lens group. Preferably, the light rays emitted from the light source 102 are continuously refracted through the second lens 105 and the third lens 106 to change the divergence angle. The light-changing lens group changes the light divergence angle of the animal and plant light-emitting device 100 by approaching or separating from the first lens 103 along the optical axis direction of the light source 102, thereby changing the light intensity of the light-emitting device irradiated onto the object-placing table 300.
Preferably, the light emitting device 100 performs light distribution design through the light source 102, and the divergence angle of the light emitting device 100 is changed by changing the distance between the light-changing lens group formed by the second lens 105 and the third lens 106 and the first lens 103, so that the light emitting device 100 can change the illumination area and illumination intensity of the light emitting device 100 on the illuminated surface according to the shape and/or illumination intensity requirement of the illuminated object. Preferably, in the case that the light intensity required by the illuminated animal and plant is changed, the light emitting device 100 adjusts the light intensity received by the illuminated animal and plant on the object-placing table by adjusting the distance between the light-changing lens group and the first lens 103.
Preferably, the light emitting device 100 generates a rectangular illumination area through the first lens 103. Referring to fig. 1, preferably, a plurality of light emitting devices 100 are disposed on a mounting board 200 in a manner of overlapping edges of rectangular illumination areas, so as to form a larger uniform illumination area, and eliminate illumination blind areas, thereby avoiding the situation that the illuminated animals and plants are located outside the illumination area due to large divergence angle and the situation that the light intensity distribution on the illumination surface is uneven when the conventional illumination device performs close-range illumination.
Referring to fig. 2, the light emitting device preferably further includes a mount 101 and a transmission mechanism. The light source 102 is arranged on one side of the mounting base 101, and at least two transmission mechanisms are arranged around the light source 102 in the mounting base 101. The two clips 104 mount the first lens 103 in the light emitting direction of the light source 102. At least two transmission mechanisms are connected with the lens barrel 107 through the configured slide block 108, so that the light-changing lens group can be close to or far from the light source 102 along the optical axis direction, thereby changing the divergence angle of the light beam generated by the light-emitting device. Preferably, the transmission mechanism further comprises a transmission shaft 109 and a support 111. One end of the support 111 is connected with the mounting seat 101, and the other end is connected with a transmission shaft 109 penetrating through the sliding block 108.
Preferably, at least one transmission is provided with a motor 110. The motor 110 is connected with the transmission shaft 109, so that the sliding block 108 arranged on the transmission shaft 109 can drive the lens barrel 107 to move along the light emitting direction of the animal and plant light emitting device, thereby changing the distance between the light changing lens group and the light source 102. Preferably, the motor 110 is a stepper motor. Preferably, the drive shaft 109 connected to the motor 110 forms a screw drive with the motor 110 using a threaded shaft. Preferably, the drive shaft 109, to which the motor 110 is not connected, is a smooth bar, forming a guide rail.
Referring to fig. 3, the first lens 103 preferably includes an incident free-form surface 112, a total reflection surface 113, and an exit free-form surface 114. Light rays emitted by the light source 102 are transmitted through the incidence free-form surface 112 and/or reflected by the total reflection free-form surface 113, and then are emitted from the emergent free-form surface 114 to form rectangular light spots. The exit free-form surface 114 satisfies: f=a×sin2α, α e (0, β); where F is the luminous flux incident on the free-form surface 112, α is the incident angle corresponding to the outgoing light ray exiting the free-form surface 114, β is the critical value of the distribution angle of the incident free-form surface 112 and the total reflection surface 113, and a is the coefficient. Preferably, A has a value of 2.5 to 4. Preferably, β=arctan (d/(h-l)); where d is the thickness of the first lens 103, h is the distance from the light source 102 to the first lens 103, and l is the light emitting surface length of the light source 102 chip. Preferably, the light sources used in the present invention are all multi-chip LED light sources.
Referring to fig. 4, preferably, the first lens 103 forms a rectangular illumination spot with uniform illumination intensity distribution on the illuminated surface by refraction and reflection of the outgoing light of the light source 102, so that the multiple light emitting devices 100 overlap the edges of the rectangular illumination area to form a larger uniform illumination area, so as to eliminate the illumination blind area, and avoid the situation that the illuminated animals and plants are located outside the illumination area and the situation that the light intensity distribution is non-uniform on the illuminated surface due to large divergence angle when the conventional illumination device performs close-range illumination.
Preferably, the second lens 105 and the third lens 106 employ meniscus lenses. The second lens 105 and the third lens 106 are fitted in the lens barrel 107 in such a manner that the optical axes are aligned to constitute a variable light lens group. Preferably, the second lens 105 and the third lens 106 are arranged in order from small to large in curvature.
Preferably, the lighting device further comprises a mounting 101 and a transmission mechanism. The light source 102 is arranged on one side of the mounting base 101, and at least two transmission mechanisms are arranged around the light source 102 in the mounting base 101. At least two transmission mechanisms are connected with the lens barrel 107 through the configured slide block 108, so that the light-changing lens group can be close to or far from the light source 102 along the optical axis direction, thereby changing the divergence angle of the light beam generated by the light-emitting device.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, it is preferable that the variable light lens group changes the size of a rectangular spot of the light emitting device 100 on the illuminated surface and the illumination intensity by approaching or separating from the first lens 103. Preferably, for a single plant, the light emitting device 100 can change the irradiation area of the light emitting device 100 on the single plant by adjusting the distance between the light-changing lens group and the first lens 103 so as to adapt to different light absorption areas of the plant in the growth period. For a plurality of plants arranged on the object placing table 300, after the light emitting device 100 adjusts the distance between the light changing lens group and the first lens 103, especially when the light emitting device 100 overlaps the illumination ranges of the plurality of light emitting devices 100 by adjusting the distance between the light changing lens group and the first lens 103, the plants arranged on the object placing table 300 can receive multi-angle illumination light, so that the growth of the plants is promoted.
Preferably, the animal and plant light emitting device 100 changes the size of the rectangular light spot of the animal and plant light emitting device on the illuminated surface by changing the distance between the light-changing lens group and the first lens 103. Light-changing lens group and first the distance L of the lens 103 satisfies: l= (L1-L2) a arctan (B/2-E) + (l1+l2)/2; wherein L1 is the maximum distance between the variable lens group and the first lens 103, L2 is the minimum distance between the variable lens group and the first lens 103, B is the illumination intensity on a certain illumination plane when the variable lens group and the first lens 103 are at the maximum distance, and E is the illumination intensity required on the illumination plane.
Preferably, the light emitting device 100 is capable of changing the illumination intensity of the light emitting device 100 on a certain illumination surface by adjusting the distance between the variable light lens group and the first lens 103, and determining the size of the illumination area, thereby providing a basis for determining the mounting position of the light emitting device 100 on the mounting board 200.
The invention adopts the multi-chip LED light source and carries out the secondary light distribution technology on the LED light source, and the limited light energy is concentrated on the crop canopy in the crop growing period, thus reducing the electric energy consumption by 52.1 percent and improving the light energy utilization rate by 55.6 percent.
Example 2
This embodiment is a further improvement of embodiment 1, and the repeated contents are not repeated. The present embodiment provides a lens for an animal and plant light emitting device 100. The lenses include a first lens 103, a second lens 105, and a third lens 106 in this order along the light emitting direction of the light source 102. The first lens 103 is designed based on a free-form surface, so that the light spot emitted from the light source 102 can be rectangular. The second lens 105 and the third lens 106 constitute a variable light lens group. Preferably, the light rays emitted from the light source 102 are continuously refracted through the second lens 105 and the third lens 106 to change the divergence angle. The light-changing lens group changes the light divergence angle of the animal and plant light-emitting device by approaching or separating from the first lens 103 along the optical axis direction of the light source.
Preferably, the first lens 103 includes an incident free-form surface, a total reflection surface, and an exit free-form surface. Light rays emitted by the light source 102 are transmitted through the incidence free-form surface and/or reflected by the total reflection free-form surface, and then are emitted from the emergent free-form surface to form rectangular light spots. The emergent free-form surface satisfies:
F＝A*sin2α，α∈(0，β)；
wherein F is the luminous flux of the incident free-form surface, alpha is the incident angle corresponding to the emergent light of the emergent free-form surface, beta is the critical value of the distribution angle of the incident free-form surface and the total reflection surface, and A is the coefficient.
Preferably, the light-changing lens group changes the light intensity received on the illuminated plane by changing the light divergence angle of the animal and plant light-emitting device by changing the distance from the first lens 103 in the optical axis direction of the light source 101.
Example 3
This embodiment is a further improvement of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, and the repeated description is omitted. The present embodiment provides a light supplementing system of the animal and plant light emitting device 100 designed based on embodiment 1 and embodiment 2.
The light supplementing system comprises at least a light emitting device 100, a processing unit and an illumination sensor. The illumination sensor collects the instant illumination intensity on the object placing table 300 and transmits the collected instant illumination intensity to the processing unit in a wired or wireless manner. The processing unit judges whether the instant illumination intensity meets the illumination intensity required by the growth of animals and plants through a preset program, and adjusts the illumination intensity of the light-emitting device 100 irradiated to the object placing table 300 according to the judging result.
Preferably, the processing unit is electrically connected to the motor 110 of the light emitting device 100. Preferably, the motor 110 is a stepper motor. Preferably, the processing unit is provided with an illumination intensity threshold of the illuminated surface (illuminated area of the object table 300). The processing unit detects whether the illumination intensity of the illuminated surface reaches a preset threshold value through the illumination sensor, and adjusts the distance between the light-changing lens group and the first lens 103 to supplement light. Preferably, the processing unit is also electrically connected to a control switch of the light source 102 of the lighting device 100.
In the case that the processing unit determines that the instant illumination intensity is smaller than the set illumination intensity threshold, the processing unit sends a lighting signal to the control switch of the light source 102, so that the light source 102 starts to emit light, and the processing unit sends a dimming signal to the motor 110, and changes the distance L between the dimming lens group and the first lens 103 through the motor 110, so as to adjust the illumination intensity received on the object placing table 300. The distance L between the variable optical lens group and the first lens 103 satisfies: l= (L1-L2) a arctan (C/2-D) + (l1+l2)/2; wherein L1 is the maximum distance between the light-changing lens group and the first lens 103, L2 is the minimum distance between the light-changing lens group and the first lens 103, D is the instant illumination intensity on the object-placing table 300 collected by the illumination sensor, and C is the illumination intensity threshold set by the processing unit.
In the case of temperate birds, the gonads are mature in long-day seasons, so that extra illumination in winter can also enlarge the gonads of the birds, which causes physiological activities such as semen discharge, ovulation, fertilization or spawning, so that the poultry farms such as chicken farms often increase the yield by setting illumination for a long time.
Preferably, the light supplementing system of the embodiment can be used in a chicken farm, and light supplementing is performed under the condition of weak ambient light so as to promote the growth of chickens. Preferably, the processing unit is provided with a minimum illumination threshold that promotes chicken growth. Preferably, when the intensity of illumination received by the chicken is less than the minimum illumination threshold value due to external factors such as sunset, night, overcast and rainy, etc., the processing unit sends a lighting signal to the control switch of the light source 102, so that the light source 102 starts to emit light, and the processing unit sends a dimming signal to the motor 110, and the distance L between the dimming lens group and the first lens 103 is changed by the motor 110, so that the intensity of illumination received by the chicken is maintained within the range for promoting growth.
Preferably, the light supplementing system of the present embodiment may also be used in a plant factory. The light intensity and photoperiod required for the high-energy and low-energy reactions of plants are different. Light for high energy response needs to alternate with photosynthesis and respiration, while low energy response needs to be distributed with the help of growth cycle and yield targets of different plant species. The high energy response can be accompanied by periodic activity of the plant's photoreaction and darkness to form a bright and dark photoperiod, while the low energy response is different. Because the plant growth is guided in real time, the combined light with low intensity and multiple light wave bands required by low-energy reaction is supplied in real time, and the continuous output of the signal light is one of the influencing factors that the plant growth speed is faster than that in the natural environment under artificial cultivation. For example, the growth cycle of lettuce in natural environments is 30-40 days, while the growth cycle of lettuce in artificial cultivation environments can be shortened to 20-27 days. In addition, in the natural world, sunlight is a polychromatic light source, and signal light and energy light involved in plant growth can be provided. Monochromatic light or combined light is often used due to the use in incubators. The arrangement of the light band and the light proportion of the artificial light source is often used for satisfying the accumulation of dry matters in the growth of plant life, and neglecting the most important ring-light morphology establishment in the growth of plant life. The effect of light on plant growth throughout the plant's growth cycle includes photosynthesis and signaling. Photosynthesis provides mainly material and energy to plants, which is called a high energy response. The signalling is called a low energy response as long as it is involved in the establishment of plant morphology. Specifically, the main process of the low energy reaction is: the light as a signal is irradiated onto the plant leaves, and the photoreceptors on the leaves receive the signal and conduct signal transmission. The leaf blade has initial reaction and selects regulating path based on the light receptor type to promote the development reaction of plant.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the distance between the light-changing lens group and the first lens 103 is changed by the motor 110 without changing the parameters of the light source 102, so that the illumination area and the illumination intensity formed by the light-emitting device 100 on the object-placing table 300 are changed simultaneously.
Preferably, the processing unit periodically sets the distance of the variable light lens group from the first lens 103 based on the light intensity and photoperiod required for the high-energy and low-energy reactions of the plants. Preferably, the processing unit sends a signal to bring the dimming lens group close to the first lens 103 to provide high intensity light to the plant in combination with photosynthesis at the time of high energy reaction of the plant. Preferably, when the plant is subjected to the low energy reaction, the processing unit sends a signal to move the variable optical lens group away from the first lens 103 to provide the plant with signal illumination with weak illumination intensity for the low energy reaction.
Preferably, the light source 110 may be a light emitting chip provided with two or more wavelength LED beads. Preferably, the light source 110 may also be a light emitting chip having multi-gear light emitting intensity or having an electrodeless dimming function. Preferably, the light emitting device 100 changes the size of the rectangular light spot of the animal and plant light emitting device on the illuminated surface by changing the distance L between the light-changing lens group and the first lens 103.
Preferably, as the plant grows, its morphology changes, manifested by increased height, increased leaves, increased light absorption area of the plant, etc. Based on the growth of plants, the irradiation range of the light emitting device 100 to the plants is increased timely, that is, the light absorption efficiency of the plants can be ensured by the illumination area provided by the light emitting device 100 to the surface of the object placing table 300.
Preferably, the illumination sensor is disposed in a backlit area of the plant, such as under the leaf. Preferably, the illumination sensor may be provided at a surface of the object placing table 300. Preferably, as plants grow, the shadow area they form on the surface of the table 300 also expands. The illumination intensity collected by the illumination sensor positioned in the plant shadow area is obviously reduced compared with the illumination intensity collected by the illumination sensor positioned outside the plant shadow area. The processing unit determines the size of the plant by analyzing the intensity of illumination collected by the plurality of illumination sensors, thereby determining the optimal illumination area size provided by the light emitting device 100 to the plant.
Preferably, the following method is provided:
confirming that the planting object does not appear, calculating a second lens distance range based on the space ratio of the whole plant, and controlling the lens to be in the second lens range;
confirming the occurrence of the plant object, calculating a first lens distance range based on the spatial duty ratio relationship of the plant object and the whole plant, wherein,
controlling the lens to be within a first partial range of the first lens distance range in a case where the plant object is in a high energy reaction period;
controlling the lens to be within a second partial range of the first lens distance range in the case that the plant object is in a low energy reaction period;
wherein the first partial range is complementary to the second partial range, and wherein when the lens group is in an adjusted state by the first partial range, the first lens is closer to the variable light lens group than it is in an adjusted state by the second partial range.
Based on the same emergent power, the illumination which is adjusted by the first part range has higher relative arrival light intensity and lower relative illumination area;
based on the same emergent power, the illumination adjusted by the second part range has lower relative arrival light intensity and higher relative illumination area.
The reaching light intensity refers to the light radiation power received by the irradiated area of the plant unit when the light is actually irradiated on the plant.
In the second lens distance range, the reaching light intensity is lower than in the first lens distance range, and the illumination area is higher than in the first lens distance range.
Also provided is an apparatus or system comprising a plant detection part for detecting whether a desired part on a plant is present and the spatial position of the desired part on the plant. The plant detection part may be configured as a visual detection component capable of identifying whether a desired part appears on a plant in an image checking manner, for example, by comparing a current image with a prestored apple image, the plant detection part can find out whether apple fruits appear on an apple tree from the current image, and based on a known positional relationship between the plant detection part and a detected plant, spatial position information of the desired part can also be acquired; the plant detection component may also be configured as a combination of the remaining single or multiple detectors, such as a combination of visual plus infrared detection, a combination of visual plus three-dimensional scanning detection, and so forth. The plant detection unit itself may or may not have the processing function, i.e. it may be capable of processing the detection data itself and knowing whether the desired part is present and the corresponding spatial position, in which case the processor may be configured accordingly. The plant detection part is in communication coupling connection with the drive shaft, and in another embodiment the processor is in communication coupling connection with the drive shaft. The rotating shaft is configured to be capable of rotating according to the control of the plant detecting part or the processing part so as to drive the light-changing lens to move and change the distance between the light-changing lens and the first lens. The adjustment of the variable light lens and the first lens is performed as described above.
In the prior art, for the cultivation of plants, a sufficient amount of light is usually provided for the whole plant to expect that the plant can maintain a good growth state, but in many cases, the plant is planted and is not expected to obtain the whole plant, but is expected to obtain a part on the plant, and the part is provided with space-time characteristics, i.e. the expected part does not appear on the plant for a period of time, or appears on the plant for a period of time, but has a certain space scope, for example, fruits of some plants only appear on the plant in fruiting period, and the fruit part only occupies a part of the whole plant, and the grower expects to harvest the fruit part, and if the traditional scheme of illumination is still adopted for the whole plant, the relatively good growth of other unexpected parts on the plant can adversely affect the growth condition of the expected part, and the part belongs to the growth competition of different parts in the plant. Meanwhile, on the other hand, the growth of plants can be divided into two periods according to illumination requirements, one is a period of photosynthesis required by the growth of the plants, the other is a period of plant growth receiving growth regulation, the plants in the photosynthesis period require light with larger light intensity to maintain high-energy response, the plants in the growth regulation period require signal light with lower light intensity to selectively promote the development response of a certain character of the plants, namely low-energy response, and the low-energy response often requires the growth regulation of a plurality of parts of the whole plants so as to realize the character modification of a plurality of parts to realize better growth of the plants, and the prior art rarely aims at illumination regulation schemes and corresponding device systems of the plants in the two periods, especially the plants with the proportion relation between the expected parts and the whole plants. It is therefore desirable to devise a solution to targeted illumination of a desired part on a plant and to be able to adaptively change illumination parameters based on the high-low energy response of the plant, wherein the illumination parameters comprise at least the illumination range and the intensity of the light reached, so that the dominant cultivation of the desired part of the plant and the signal conditioning trait of the whole plant can be combined in an optimal way.
By adopting the scheme, the investment of a single light source or a very small amount of light sources can be realized, when certain plants with high added value are planted, one lighting unit can be configured for each plant, under the conventional technology, the cost is always limited, a plurality of light sources cannot be configured for the single plant, the lighting is configured in a mode of large-scale high-intensity illumination, the growth competition of the expected part of the single plant and the unexpected irrelevant part is generated, the planting income is reduced, the accurate high-energy photosynthetic light which is high in energy reaction to the expected part of the plant can be provided only in the mode of the single light source with the lowest cost, the signal light with low radiation energy of the whole plant under the low energy reaction can be provided by the same generation source, and the growth characteristics of the whole plant can be regulated while the expected object can grow in a good growth state. While the plant detecting means can be configured to detect a desired portion of a plurality of plants within a single area, thereby enabling detection over a wide range without the need to configure a plurality of plant detecting means, the cost is maintained at a low level. On the basis, based on the lens-changing scheme provided by the scheme, the light source part can select the fixed light lamp beads without changing the output power, so that the high-low energy light supply conversion of the plant side can be realized, the simplicity of the lighting equipment is further improved, and the configuration cost is reduced.
Preferably, two thresholds are set at the processing unit to divide plant growth into three intervals, depending on the size of the plant from seedling to maturity. Preferably, the three intervals include a seedling stage of growth preparation, a growth stage of rapid growth, and a maturation stage of nutrient accumulation. Preferably, the processing unit determines the growth interval of the plant by analyzing the illumination intensities collected by the several illumination sensors, thereby adjusting the distance of the dimming lens group from the first lens 103 such that the light emitting device 100 provides an optimal illumination area to the plant.
Preferably, the processing unit may adjust an illumination area formed by the light emitting device 100 on the surface of the object placing table 300 by determining a growth zone of the plant. Preferably, when the processing unit determines that the plant is in a certain growing interval, the processing unit sends a signal to the motor 110 so that the lighting device 100 forms a maximum illumination area required by the plant in the long interval on the surface of the object placing table 300.
Preferably, the processing unit can continuously adjust the illumination area formed by the light-emitting device 100 on the surface of the object placing table 300, so that the plant is always in the optimal illumination area. Preferably, the processing unit may change the illumination area formed by the light emitting device 100 on the surface of the object placing table 300 by periodically adjusting the distance L of the light changing lens group from the first lens 103, while ensuring that the light absorbing portion of the plant is always located in the illumination area.
Preferably, the processing unit sends a signal to the motor 110 to adjust the illumination area formed by the light-emitting device 100 on the surface of the object placing table 300, and sends a control command to the control switch of the light source 102 to adjust the parameters such as the light-emitting wavelength, intensity and the like of the light source 102, so as to adapt to different growth stages of the plant.
The distance L between the variable optical lens group and the first lens 103 satisfies: l= (l3—l4) e+ (l3+l4)/2; wherein L1 is the maximum distance between the light-changing lens group and the first lens 103 when the illumination area of the light-emitting device 100 on the surface of the object-holding table 300 is maximum, L2 is the minimum distance between the light-changing lens group and the first lens 103 when the illumination area of the light-emitting device 100 on the surface of the object-holding table 300 is minimum, and E is the mapping relationship between the distance variation range between the light-changing lens group and the first lens 103 established based on the distance between the light-emitting device 100 and the surface of the object-holding table 300 and the illumination area variation range provided by the light-emitting device 100 on the surface of the object-holding table 300.
It should be noted that the above-described embodiments are exemplary, and that a person skilled in the art, in light of the present disclosure, may devise various solutions that fall within the scope of the present disclosure and fall within the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present description and drawings are illustrative and not limiting to the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. Throughout this document, the word "preferably" is used in a generic sense to mean only one alternative, and not to be construed as necessarily required, so that the applicant reserves the right to forego or delete the relevant preferred feature at any time. The description of the invention encompasses multiple inventive concepts, such as "preferably," "according to a preferred embodiment," or "optionally," all means that the corresponding paragraph discloses a separate concept, and that the applicant reserves the right to filed a divisional application according to each inventive concept.
Claims (10)
1. An animal and plant light-emitting device for illuminating a storage table (300), characterized in that the light-emitting device comprises a light source (102) and a first lens (103), a second lens (105) and a third lens (106) which are sequentially arranged along the light-emitting direction of the light source (102);
the first lens (103) is based on a free-form surface, and can enable the light spot of the light source (102) to be rectangular;
the second lens (105) and the third lens (106) form a light-changing lens group, and the light divergence angle of the animal and plant light-emitting device is changed by approaching to or separating from the first lens (103) along the optical axis direction of the light source (102), so that the light intensity of the light-emitting device irradiated on the object placing table (300) is changed.
2. The animal and plant light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the first lens (103) comprises an entrance free-form surface (112), a total reflection free-form surface (113) and an exit free-form surface (114);
light rays emitted by the light source (102) are transmitted through the incidence free-form surface (112) and/or reflected by the total reflection free-form surface (113) and then are emitted from the emergent free-form surface (114) to form rectangular light spots;
the outgoing free-form surface (114) satisfies:
F＝A*sin2α，α∈(0，β)；
wherein F is the luminous flux entering the free-form surface (112), alpha is the incident angle corresponding to the emergent light rays exiting the free-form surface (114), beta is the critical value of the distribution angle of the incident free-form surface (112) and the total reflection surface (113), and A is the coefficient.
3. The animal and plant light emitting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second lens (105) and the third lens (106) adopt a meniscus lens, and the second lens (105) and the third lens (106) are fitted in a lens barrel (107) in such a manner that the optical axes are aligned to constitute a light-changing lens group;
wherein the second lens (105) and the third lens (106) are arranged in order from small to large in curvature.
4. A lighting device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the lighting device further comprises a mounting base (101) and a transmission mechanism;
the light source (102) is arranged on one side of the mounting seat (101), and at least two transmission mechanisms are arranged around the light source (102) on the mounting seat (101);
at least two transmission mechanisms are connected with the lens barrel (107) through the configured sliding blocks (108), so that the light-changing lens group can be close to or far from the light source (102) along the optical axis direction, and the divergence angle of the light beam generated by the light-emitting device is changed.
5. The animal and plant light emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the transmission mechanism further comprises a transmission shaft (109) and a support (111);
one end of the support (111) is connected with the mounting seat (101), and the other end of the support is connected with the transmission shaft (109) penetrating through the sliding block (108).
6. The animal and plant light emitting device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that at least one of the transmission mechanisms is provided with a motor (110);
the motor (110) is connected with the transmission shaft (109), so that the sliding block (108) arranged on the transmission shaft (109) can drive the lens cone (107) to move along the light emitting direction of the animal and plant light emitting device, and the distance between the light changing lens group and the light source (102) is changed.
7. The animal and plant light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the animal and plant light-emitting device changes the size of a rectangular spot of the animal and plant light-emitting device on the illuminated surface by changing the distance between the light-changing lens group and the first lens (103);
the distance L between the variable optical lens group and the first lens (103) satisfies the following conditions:
L＝(L1-L2)*A*arctan(B/2-E)+(L1+L2)/2；
wherein L1 is the maximum distance between the variable optical lens group and the first lens (103), and L2 is the minimum distance between the variable optical lens group and the first lens (103).
8. A lens for an animal and plant light-emitting device, characterized in that the lens comprises a first lens (103), a second lens (105) and a third lens (106) in sequence along the light-emitting direction of a light source (102);
the first lens (103) is designed on the basis of a free-form surface, so that the light spot of the light source (102) is rectangular;
the second lens (105) and the third lens (106) form a light-changing lens group, and the light divergence angle of the animal and plant light-emitting device is changed by approaching to or separating from the first lens (103) along the optical axis direction of the light source.
9. The animal and plant light emitting device according to claim 8, wherein the first lens (103) comprises an entrance free-form surface, a total reflection free-form surface and an exit free-form surface;
light rays emitted by the light source (102) are transmitted through the incidence free-form surface and/or reflected by the total reflection free-form surface and then are emitted from the emergent free-form surface to form rectangular light spots;
the emergent free-form surface satisfies the following conditions:
F＝A*sin2α，α∈(0，β)；
wherein F is the luminous flux of the incident free-form surface, alpha is the incident angle corresponding to the emergent light of the emergent free-form surface, beta is the critical value of the distribution angle of the incident free-form surface and the total reflection surface, and A is the coefficient.
10. The lens for an animal and plant light emitting device according to claim 9, wherein the light-changing lens group changes the light intensity received on the illuminated plane by changing the distance from the first lens (103) in the direction of the optical axis of the light source (101) so that the angle of divergence of the illumination light of the animal and plant light emitting device is changed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310164223.0A CN116066785A (en) | 2023-02-24 | 2023-02-24 | Animal and plant light-emitting device and lens thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310164223.0A CN116066785A (en) | 2023-02-24 | 2023-02-24 | Animal and plant light-emitting device and lens thereof |
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| CN116066785A true CN116066785A (en) | 2023-05-05 |
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| CN202310164223.0A Pending CN116066785A (en) | 2023-02-24 | 2023-02-24 | Animal and plant light-emitting device and lens thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116066785A (en) |
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- 2023-02-24 CN CN202310164223.0A patent/CN116066785A/en active Pending
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