CN115812586A - Vertical plant cultivation device with continuous conveying structure - Google Patents
Vertical plant cultivation device with continuous conveying structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN115812586A CN115812586A CN202211513409.4A CN202211513409A CN115812586A CN 115812586 A CN115812586 A CN 115812586A CN 202211513409 A CN202211513409 A CN 202211513409A CN 115812586 A CN115812586 A CN 115812586A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vertical plant-growing device with a continuous conveying structure, comprising at least a growing tray and a conveyor chain for moving the growing. A plurality of cultivation holes are arranged on the cultivation plate. Several breeding holes are used for breeding several corresponding plants. The junction of the cultivation disc and the conveying chain is provided with a deflection component. The device further comprises an adjusting unit for adjusting desired growth conditions and conveyor chain parameters of the plants in the conveying structure and a lighting unit for providing lighting conditions. The adjusting unit adjusts the degree of deflection of the cultivating tray and/or the illumination parameter of the illuminating unit based on at least the proportion of the growth of each plant on the cultivating tray. The invention is provided with the deflection component, and the relative position of each plant on the cultivation plate is correspondingly changed by changing the deflection angle of the cultivation plate, so that the targeted illumination is realized. The plants are subjected to combined light of different spectral bands, so that the photomorphogenetic response of the plants reaches a better level.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a vertical plant cultivation device with a continuous conveying structure.
Background
With the rapid development of modern agriculture, the development trend is changed from outdoor plant cultivation to indoor plant cultivation. However, the problem that the illumination required by the plant growth is uncontrollable exists in both outdoor cultivation and indoor cultivation. That is, all focus on the overall growth state of the plant and not on the growth state of a specific part of the plant. The actual cultivation process is to harvest specific parts of the plant, such as leaves, fruits, etc. However, the cultivation methods in the prior art are all monitoring and lighting from the whole growth trend of plants to the top, and do not consider the types, growth stages, demands on plants, photomorphogenic response of plants and the like of the plants, so that the harvested products obtained in the actual cultivation process cannot reach good use standards, and even the plants are atrophied due to the competitive growth of the plants.
Chinese patent CN1245586C discloses a plant cultivation apparatus, comprising: an aluminum rectangular tubular tray for storing plants and cultivating solution, a conveying means for conveying the pots laterally in this order, and an illumination means provided with a plurality of light emitting diodes thereon above the conveying means, the illumination means being provided to be elevated stepwise from an upstream side to a downstream side of the conveying means, wherein funnel-shaped holders for supporting upper portions of the plants are provided on upper surfaces of the pots, and a planting conveyor and a harvesting conveyor are provided on the upstream and downstream sides of the conveying means for loading and unloading the pots, a reflecting wall between the conveyors and the conveying means, and transfer bars for transferring the pots between the conveying means and the planting and harvesting conveyors. This patent is cut apart the growing environment of each plant through the isolated design of stack in the vertical space. Although this patent is specifically set for lighting devices, there is still a limitation of providing illumination only for simplicity. The lighting devices consume a lot of energy and still do not get the highly desirable plant fruit, resulting in low lighting efficiency.
Chinese patent CN104798627B discloses an automatic control device for plant growth environment, which comprises a mixing chamber, a growth chamber and a clean air supply device connected with the mixing chamber; the bottom of the mixing chamber is provided with two circulating fans, the first fan is used for removing waste gas in the mixing chamber and adjusting the temperature and humidity of air in the mixing chamber, and the second fan is used for circulating air flow between the mixing chamber and the growth chamber; a plurality of cultivation racks are arranged in the growth chamber, each cultivation rack is divided into a plurality of layers, each layer is provided with a liquid guide groove and a certain number of LED lamps, and the liquid guide grooves are connected with a water supply and drainage and nutrient solution supply system; the growth chamber is also internally provided with a growth environment parameter acquisition sensor, data acquired by each sensor is transmitted to the controller through the Internet of things, and the controller adjusts various parameters of the plant growth environment according to growth environment curves of plants in different periods; the controller is connected to the human-machine interface. The patent greatly shortens crop seedling and growth cycle, improves the land utilization rate, and increases the output of unit area. However, the drawback of this patent is that the control of the illumination only stays at the number of the LED lamps turned on to adjust the illumination intensity, and the light quality is not adjusted according to the growth factors and the desired target (fruit or pollen production) of the plant, which leads to the situation that the plant is liable to competitive growth and the fruit and/or leaves shrink.
Furthermore, on the one hand, due to the differences in understanding to the person skilled in the art; on the other hand, since the inventor has studied a lot of documents and patents when making the present invention, but the space is not limited to the details and contents listed in the above, however, the present invention is by no means free of the features of the prior art, but the present invention has been provided with all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to increase the related prior art in the background.
Disclosure of Invention
In the actual cultivation process of plants, due to the existence of corresponding individual growth differences, the yield of the plants is in a lower state when the plants are subjected to large-scale mechanical automatic cultivation. Namely, the situation of poor growth of plant individuals cannot be considered, so that the cultivation cost is greatly increased. The problems of the prior art are also: for the illumination of the plants on the plant cultivation shelves, the overall growth state of the plants is emphasized, not the growth state of specific parts of the plants. That is, the illumination is provided based on the overall growth of the plant. The monitoring and the light giving are carried out in a mode of upward growth trend of the whole plant. The method adopts the same growth characteristic information and performs the same level illumination, does not consider the species, the growth stage and the requirements on the plants, and provides a uniform growth environment, so that the harvested products obtained in the actual cultivation process can not reach the good use standard, even shrink.
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention is to provide a vertical plant cultivation device with a continuous conveying structure, which at least comprises a cultivation tray and a conveying chain for moving the cultivation tray. A plurality of incubation holes are arranged on the incubation plate. Several breeding holes are used for breeding several corresponding plants. The connection of the incubation plate to the conveyor chain is provided with a deflection assembly which performs a deflection movement about a deflection axis in the hinge element about the conveyor chain axis based on the angular change of the deflection angle of the deflection assembly controlled by the adjustment unit. Wherein the device further comprises a lighting unit for providing at least two lights. The adjusting unit judges a growing stage of the plant based on an overall growing tendency of the plant on the cultivation plate and determines an irradiation ratio of different lights of the illuminating unit based on a characteristic of the growing stage of the plant, while the adjusting unit adjusts the deflecting member in such a manner that an irradiation deviation angle of the partial plant canopy from the auxiliary light source becomes smaller based on a demand of the light by the plant at a partial position in the cultivation plate. Through the arrangement mode, the angle of the cultivation plate which deflects by taking the conveying chain as an axis can be controlled. The purpose is as follows: through the control to the angle of deflection of cultivation dish, can make the plant that sets up on the cultivation dish carry out corresponding deflection.
According to a preferred embodiment, the lighting unit is provided with light-emitting elements arranged in an array for emitting different light beams, wherein the light-emitting elements comprise at least a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element. Wherein the first light emitting member corresponds to each of the incubation holes distributed on the incubation plate to provide constant illumination. The second light emitting member is disposed in the gap of the first light emitting member to correspond to each of the incubation hole positions after the incubation tray is deflected and provide combined illumination. When a supplementary light source is needed for a specific plant (i.e. a combination of light is needed), the plant is directed to the second lighting element of the lighting unit by the deflection of the cultivating tray 2 without the need for the lighting unit 10 to adjust the light quality.
According to a preferred embodiment, the deflection assembly comprises a deflection base. The deflecting base is directly connected with the conveying chain and carries the cultivation disc to move under the driving of the conveying chain. The deflecting base is connected to the middle of the plate by means of a hinge element, so that the plate can perform a deflecting movement about a deflecting axis in the hinge element, about a conveyor chain.
According to a preferred embodiment, the regulating unit monitors the plant for characteristics of the growth stage of the plant on the basis of a visual sensor or a laser sensor provided in the growing device. The plant growth stage is characterized by at least comprising a plant growth stage, a leaf light receiving area and a leaf covering area. Wherein the adjusting unit adjusts the deflection of the cultivation tray based on the plant growth condition and adjusts the light beam of the second light emitting member of the lighting unit when the growth stage or state of the plant is changed from a first growth period to a second growth period. Wherein the adjusting unit controls the cultivating tray to deflect and the second light emitting member to provide the first form light participating in the plant photomorphogenetic response in response to the transition of the plant growth period. The lighting unit provides different spectral bands to apply the combined light in such a way that the photomorphogenetic response of the plants reaches a superior level.
According to a preferred embodiment, the constant light emitted by the first light-emitting element is red light and/or blue light which meets the growth requirements of the plant. The combined light emitted by the second light-emitting component is a combination of red light, far-red light, blue light and/or purple light with different light intensities for promoting plant photomorphogenesis reaction.
According to a preferred embodiment, the adjusting unit adjusts the combined light ratio of the second light-emitting element of the illuminating unit based on the comparison result of the current plant growth stage, the leaf light-receiving area and the leaf covering area obtained after the image processing and the last monitored parameter. Wherein the adjusting unit is capable of controlling the first and second light-emitting members of the lighting unit to provide the second form of light required by the plant when the growth stage or state of the plant is expected and the reproductive stage is entered. For example, when the plant leaves are monitored to undergo greater atrophy, the far-red light ratio is adjusted higher to increase the growth rate and recovery rate of the plant leaves. Compared with the prior art that the same illumination is provided through the same straight panel, the invention emphasizes the whole growth state of the plant in a mode of providing various composite illumination, and the second light-emitting element 12 is used as an auxiliary light source to promote the growth of the part required to be harvested of the plant.
According to a preferred embodiment, when the plants on the cultivation plate are discretely distributed and changed in growth, the adjusting unit adjusts the degree of deflection of the cultivation plate and/or the illumination parameter of the illumination unit at least by the changed proportion of the plants. When the cultivation holes arranged in the square shape cause the cultivation plate to incline, the relative position of the cultivation plate is still difficult to judge, namely, the distance between the cultivation holes is shortened, and the illumination cannot reach the cultivation holes needing illumination directly. The regular hexagonal design makes the position of the incubation hole opposite each column of each row clearer, so that the second luminous element of the lighting unit can be aligned with the position of the incubation hole. The equidistant design also enables the plants to have equal growth space, and the space utilization rate is improved to the maximum extent.
According to a preferred embodiment, the conveyor chains comprise vertical conveyor chains and horizontal conveyor chains. The vertical conveying chain is used for lifting the cultivation trays of plants to obtain the superposed cultivation of the plants in the vertical direction. The horizontal transfer chain is used for turning the cultivation dish of the plant. Wherein the horizontal conveyor chains at the highest and lowest points of the conveying structure are provided as at least a first and a second diverting area. The present invention achieves many advantages over traditional agriculture for cultivation in the field through an automated system for growing plants. For example, the independence of the cultivation weather, the climate conditions in the greenhouse can also be optimally adapted to any plant that needs to be cultivated, thereby achieving a continuous growth of the plant. The special hydroponic device of design, compare with outdoor cultivation, the water yield that the planting plant needs reduces to planting the plant in the interior space can avoid the use of insecticide.
According to a preferred embodiment, the plants are fixed during their movement along the conveyor chain and their roots protrude into the aeroponic space located on the lower surface of the cultivation plate. The leaves and/or fruits of the plants protrude into the illumination space located on the upper surface of said cultivation plate. An aeroponic spray head is arranged in the aeroponic space to provide nutrients needed by plants. Wherein the plants are fixed on the cultivation plate and are subjected to continuous or intermittent movement during their growth phase. Due to the design of the transport path, the transport chain alternately moves the plants to a first diverting area and subsequently to a second diverting area. During the time the plant is in the second turnaround region, the roots of the plant are invaded into the vertically lower region of the conveyor chain to soak the hydroponic culture and provide nutrients. After the plants have passed the short movement of the horizontal conveyor chain, the plants move again onto the vertical conveyor chain of the conveyor chain and undergo aeroponic cultivation.
According to a preferred embodiment, the lighting unit is further configured to: while the plant is moving along the transport path, the plant is wholly or partially illuminated by the light of the illumination unit and partially not illuminated by the light. Wherein the plants are illuminated as the plants move in a vertically downward direction along the transport path at the first and second turnaround zones; the plants are shaded as they move vertically upward along the transfer path between the first and second turnaround areas. The plants are illuminated in a selective manner. In particular in a manner suitable for the type of plant and/or consistent with the growth stage of the plant. With the above arrangement, the plant is illuminated only in a specific area on the transfer path. The specific area is preferably a vertical conveyor chain, especially when the plants move vertically upwards, to mimic the circadian rhythm of the natural environment.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the invention is provided with the deflection assembly, and the relative position of each plant on the cultivation plate is correspondingly changed by changing the deflection angle of the cultivation plate, so that the targeted illumination is realized. The plant is subjected to combined light of different spectral bands, so that the photomorphogenetic response of the plant reaches a better level. The invention performs light quality regulation based on the growth factors of the plants and the expected targets (fruit or pollen output), so that the final products of the plants can be obviously superior to the products cultivated outdoors and the products cultivated indoors. The light quality adjustment is carried out aiming at the harvested parts of the plants, so that the problems of plant atrophy and competitive growth of the plants can be effectively avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of an incubation tray and deflection assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of a vertical plant-growing apparatus of the present invention having a continuous conveying structure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the lighting unit of the present invention.
List of reference numerals
1: a conveyor chain; 2: a cultivation plate; 3: a vertical transfer chain; 4: a horizontal conveyor chain; 5: cultivating holes; 6: a deflection base; 7: a hinge element; 8: a limiting member; 9: a drive member; 10: a lighting unit; 11: a first light emitting element; 12: a second light emitting member; 13: an aeroponic space; 14: the space is illuminated.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The present application relates to a vertical plant-growing device with a continuous conveying structure comprising at least two or more spatial levels for growing plants. The spatial levels are arranged on top of each other in a horizontal plane. The spatial hierarchy is a vertical hierarchy. Each spatial hierarchy includes a transport chain 1. The conveyor chain 1 comprises a vertical conveyor chain 3 and a horizontal conveyor chain 4. The vertical transfer chain 3 is used to raise the trays 2 of plants to obtain superimposed growth of the plants in the vertical direction. The horizontal transfer chain 4 is used to turn the cultivation trays 2 of plants. The device further comprises an adjustment unit. The regulating unit is used for regulating the required growth conditions and the parameters of the conveying chain of the plant in the conveying structure. The spatial levels are configured to provide at least one of climate control, nutrient control, moisture control, growth monitoring, and lighting control for growing plants in the respective spatial levels. Preferably, the cultivation plate 2 is fixed on the conveyor chain 1. The cultivating tray 2 is provided with a plurality of cultivating holes 5 for cultivating a plurality of plants. The plants are placed in the cultivating holes 5. The plants are fixed during the movement along the conveyor chain 1 and the roots of the plants protrude into the aeroponic space 13 at the lower surface of the cultivating tray 2. Preferably, the leaves and/or fruits of the plants protrude into the lighting space 14 located on the upper surface of the cultivation plate 2. An aeroponic spray head is arranged in the aeroponic space 13 to provide the plants with the required nutrients. Preferably, the plants are fixed on the cultivation plate 2 and are subjected to continuous or intermittent movement during their growth stage. Preferably, the moving speed of the conveyor chain 1 controls the moving distance of the plants and the regulating unit thereby judges the current growth stage of the plants. The invention realizes a more efficient, more flexible and more economical plant cultivation device, and can effectively reduce the cultivation cost of each plant and the construction cost of facilities. Preferably, a carrier material for fixing plants is provided in the cultivation plate 2. The carrier material is also used for temporary storage of moisture and/or nutrients.
Preferably, the cultivation plate 2 is moved along the conveying path by the vertical conveying chain 3. The cultivating tray 2 is moved smoothly by the horizontal conveying chain 4. Preferably, the horizontal conveyor chains 4 at the highest and lowest points of the conveying structure are provided as at least a first and a second diverting area. The cultivation tray 2 serves to prevent the plants from falling down and to insulate the leaves and roots of the plants from diseases of the plants. Preferably, the roots of the plants are located below the conveyor chain, i.e. the aeroponic space 13. The plant leaves are located above the conveyor chain 1, i.e. in the light space 14. The roots and foliage of the plants are located in the vertically lower and vertically upper regions of the conveyor chain 1, respectively, to be spatially separated from each other so that when the plants move along the conveyor chain 1 to the vertical conveyor chain 3, the plant roots are located in the aeroponic space 13 to undergo the aeroponic moistening and nutrient supply processes. Due to the design of the transport path, the conveyor chain 1 alternately moves the plants to a first diverting area and subsequently to a second diverting area. During the time the plant is in the second turnaround area, the roots of the plant are invaded into the vertically lower area of the conveyor chain 1 to soak the hydroponic culture and provide nutrients. After the plants have passed the short movement of the horizontal conveyor chain 4, the plants move again onto the vertical conveyor chain 3 of the conveyor chain and undergo aeroponic cultivation. Preferably, two vertical conveyor chains 3 and two horizontal conveyor chains 4 constitute one conveyor module. Preferably, at least one horizontal conveyor chain 4 is arranged at intervals between two vertical conveyor chains 3. The speed of the conveyor chain is set so that the plants circulate through the conveyor modules. A complete transport structure consists of the number of transport modules needed to achieve the complete growth phase of the plant. The modular design facilitates a humidity automated plant cultivation overall system that can be adapted to any need for plant growth, i.e. to the type and/or growth stage of the plant. The transmission structure is extended by arranging the transmission modules to satisfy the complete period of plant growth. Each transport module is adapted to the nutritional, lighting, growth space and growth phase requirements of the type of plant. Several transport modules are assembled to form an integral transport structure that can be made to accommodate a variety of plant growths as the duration of plant movement increases.
According to a preferred embodiment, the system comprises a lighting unit 10. The lighting unit 10 is configured to: while the plants are moving along the conveying path, the plants are wholly or partially illuminated by the light of the illumination unit 10 and partially not illuminated by the light. Preferably, the plants are illuminated as they move in a vertically downward direction along the transport path at the first turnaround area and the second turnaround area. Preferably, the plants are shaded as they move in a vertically upward direction along the transfer path between the first diverting area and the second diverting area. When the plant is shaded, the lighting unit 10 cannot irradiate light to the plant. In the above manner, the illumination type, intensity and duration of the lighting unit 10 can be selectively provided to the corresponding plants. Preferably, the lighting unit 10 is regulated by a control unit. The lighting unit 10 can be arranged horizontally above the conveyor chain 1 or vertically opposite to the vertical conveyor chain 3. Preferably, the plants are moved continuously or intermittently along the lighting unit 10 during their growth phase in order to receive sufficient light. Preferably, the plants are illuminated in a selective manner. In particular in a manner suitable for the type of plant and/or consistent with the growth stage of the plant. With the above arrangement, the plant is illuminated only in a specific area on the transfer path. The specific area is preferably a vertical conveyor chain 3, especially a vertical conveyor chain 3 when the plants move vertically upwards, to mimic the circadian rhythm of the natural environment.
Indoor agriculture of the prior art has a problem of increased energy demand, and the present invention achieves more advantages over traditional agriculture for cultivation in the field through an automated system for cultivating plants. For example, the independence of the cultivation weather, the climate conditions in the greenhouse can also be optimally adapted to any plant that needs to be cultivated, thereby achieving a continuous growth of the plant. The special hydroponic device of design, compare with outdoor cultivation, the water yield that the planting plant needs reduces to planting the plant in the interior space can avoid the use of insecticide.
According to a preferred embodiment, the roots of the plants receive the nutrient substances on the aeroponic spray heads while the plants move on the vertical conveyor chain 3. The plant is passed at least partially through the second diverting area such that the plant roots receive nutrients in a hydroponic manner. On the conveyor chains with vertical conveyor chains 3, horizontal conveyor chains 4 located between them allow the plants to continuously take up moisture and nutrients. With the vertical plant cultivation apparatus having the continuous conveying structure designed as described above, it is preferable to be able to continuously perform the aeroponics of the roots of plants on the lower surface of the conveyor chain 1, and to perform the hydroponics of the plants when they are in the second turning zone. Preferably, the plants are aeroponically grown continuously or intermittently without affecting the growth of the plant foliage. In this way leaf disease of the plant can be prevented. The temperature and humidity of the aeroponic space 13 on the lower surface of the conveyor chain 1, in particular the vertical conveyor chain 3, are monitored by temperature and humidity sensors and controlled by a control unit to avoid excessive temperatures and/or humidities in this area.
According to a preferred embodiment, the end of the conveyor chain 1 is connected to the head end of the conveyor chain 1 to form an endless structure or the end of the conveyor chain 1 is connected to a harvesting unit to harvest plants from the conveyor chain 1 that have grown to a harvestable extent. In the case where the tail end of the conveyor chain 1 is connected to the head end of the conveyor chain 1 to form a circulating structure, the plants circulate to the head end of the conveyor chain 1 for the next growth cycle. In case the tail end of the conveyor chain 1 is provided with a harvesting unit, the tail end of the conveyor chain 1 is connected to the head end of the conveyor chain 1 to form an endless structure after the plants in the conveyor chain 1 have been harvested. Preferably, a cleaning unit is provided on the path where the end of the conveyor chain 1 is connected to the head end of the conveyor chain 1 to ensure the required sterilization of the conveyor chain 1. The cleaning unit can be sterilized with steam. The first end of the conveyor chain 1 is thus always in a completely clean and sterile state.
Preferably, the cultivating tray can be made of plastic material, preferably polyvinyl chloride, which is formed into a plate shape such that the plants thereon are arranged with the roots in the aeroponic space 13 formed by the conveyor chain 1. While the blades and/or fruit-projecting conveyor chain 1 are in the light space 14. An aeroponic spray head is also arranged in the aeroponic space 13 to provide nutrition for the roots of the plants. Preferably, the conveyor chain 1 is driven by a motor. The motor is connected to the conveyor chain 1 by means of a transmission. Preferably, the lighting unit 10 is arranged in an area above the conveyor chain 1 or in an area short parallel to the oblique transfer. The motor and lighting unit 10 is connected to a control unit. The control unit adapts the lighting of the plants and the speed at which the plants are moved along the conveyor chain 1 to the growth requirements of the plants. The device is installed in an indoor system with variable climate and is used for plant cultivation.
Example 2
This embodiment is a further supplement to the above embodiments, and sufficient contents are not described again.
In the present invention, the angle of the extension of the lighting unit 10 with respect to the extension of the vertical conveying chain 3 affects the actual light receiving area of the plant. The actual light receiving area of the plant is the light receiving area of the leaves of the plant. But the illuminated area of the leaves of the plant is affected by the area covered by the leaves. The leaf coverage area gradually increases during the growth of the plant. Blade coverage area is a time-dependent variable. The covering area of the leaves refers to the area of the leaves covered under the canopy during the growth process of the plants. The ratio of the leaf illuminated area to the leaf covering area is the leaf occupancy ratio of the plants. In the present invention, the illumination unit 10 emits a conical illumination area with its light emitting point as a vertex. The illumination area is time-dependent, speed-dependent, where the cultivation plate 2 is located and the illuminated area of the blade. Considering that the light receiving amount of the plant cannot be accurately judged only by the light amount of the lighting unit 10, the present invention proposes to use the light receiving area of the leaf as a reference parameter in the plant growing process, and adjust the inclination degree and the light level of the lighting unit 10 and/or the cultivation dish 2 for the leaf distribution characteristics of plants of different kinds and different growth cycles. The design structure of the lighting unit 10 and/or the cultivation tray 2 according to the present invention corresponds to the leaf distribution characteristics of plants.
According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of incubation holes 5 are arranged on the incubation plate 2. Several breeding wells 5 are capable of breeding several corresponding plants. Wherein, the junction of the cultivation plate 2 and the transmission chain is provided with a deflection component. The deflection assembly includes a deflection base 6. The deflecting base 6 is directly connected to the conveyor chain and carries the plate 2 with it for a corresponding movement. The pivoting base 6 is connected to the central part of the plate 2 by means of a hinge element 7, so that the plate 2 can be pivoted about a pivoting axis in the hinge element 7 about a conveyor chain. A limiting piece 8 and a driving piece 9 are arranged between the deflection base 6 and the deflection shaft. The limiting members 8 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the cultivating tray 2 by taking the transmission chain as an axis for limiting and supporting. The stopper 8 can prevent the plant from falling down due to excessive deflection of the cultivating tray 2. The stopper 8 is an elastic member for preventing the cultivation tray 2 from being excessively deflected by a resilient force. The driving member 9 is provided at the hinge member 7 to secure a high precision deflection angle of the cultivation plate 2. Preferably, the drive member 9 can be constituted by an electric motor and is used to control the degree of deflection of the articulation element 7. The deflection is achieved by driving the growth disc 2 by means of a motor. Preferably, the drive element 9 can also consist of a hydraulic cylinder, bearings, swivel pins and connecting pins. An output shaft of the hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with a bearing, the bearing is hinged with a connecting pin, and the cultivation disc 2 is driven to deflect by driving the hydraulic oil cylinder. Preferably, the deflection assembly is provided with a communication module communicatively connected to the adjustment unit, so that the adjustment unit can control the drive member 9 to effect control of the angle of deflection of the plate 2.
Through the arrangement mode, the angle of the cultivation disc 2 which deflects by taking the conveying chain as an axis can be controlled. The purpose is as follows: by controlling the angle of deflection of the cultivating tray 2, the plants placed on the cultivating tray 2 can be deflected accordingly. In the actual cultivation process of plants, due to the existence of corresponding individual growth differences, the yield of the plants is in a lower state when the plants are subjected to large-scale mechanical automatic cultivation. Namely, the situation of poor growth of plant individuals cannot be considered, so that the cultivation cost is greatly increased. The important process of plant growth is the action of light on plant growth, which includes photosynthesis and signal action. The photosynthesis is a matter and energy required for the growth of plants, and is a high-energy reaction. While the signal effect is a low energy reaction, also known as a photomorphogenic reaction. The photomorphogenic response of a plant is essentially the process of light-regulated plant growth, development and differentiation. In the process of performing photomorphogenetic reaction on plants, a plurality of parameters of the plants need to be regulated and controlled, namely spectral quality (light quality), illuminance (light intensity), illumination frequency (number of times of illumination in unit time), duration and spatial symmetry and asymmetry of illumination.
For the above parameters, the lighting unit 10 is the most controlled object. However, the plant light receptors comprise a chlorophyllin, a phytochrome and one or more blue light receptors, i.e. for the light quality, the lighting unit 10 is required to provide different spectral bands in such a way that the combined light is applied such that the plant photomorphogenic response reaches a superior level. The "better" level rather than the "optimal" level is because the photomorphogenic response of the plant is determined by a variety of lighting parameters, and lighting is difficult to perform individually for a particular plant, making it difficult to achieve optimal levels simultaneously. For the lighting unit 10, the light intensity, the illumination frequency, the duration, and the spatial symmetry and asymmetry of the illumination can all be accomplished by adaptive adjustment of the lighting unit 10 under the control of the adjustment unit without complicated changes. However, it is difficult for the lighting unit 10 to adjust the combined light in a short time and to adjust the light quality correspondingly to a single plant. For example, the lighting unit 10 emitting blue light can increase the stomatal conductance of plants, the transmission of photosynthetic electrons, promote Rubisco carboxylation reaction, reduce leaf carbohydrate accumulation, and further increase the photosynthetic rate, but not all plants need to be irradiated with blue light, and when the illumination of plants is performed in a cultivation device, the illumination should be performed with light quality adjustment rather than simple foot illumination based on the growth factors of plants and the desired target (fruit or pollen output). In addition, it is difficult for the lighting unit 10 to take into account the light quality conditions required for each plant in the cultivation tray 2. That is, when the illumination unit 10 emits a constant light, it is difficult to change the constant light into a combined light suitable for a plant photomorphogenesis reaction. In contrast, the present invention provides a deflecting assembly to change the relative position of each plant on the cultivation plate 2 by changing the deflecting angle of the cultivation plate 2, so as to realize the targeted illumination.
The problems of the prior art are also: for the illumination of the plants on the plant cultivation shelves, the overall growth state of the plants is emphasized, not the growth state of specific parts of the plants. That is, the illumination is provided based on the overall growth of the plant. The monitoring and the light giving are carried out in a mode of upward growth trend of the whole plant. The method adopts the same growth characteristic information and performs the same level illumination, does not consider the species, the growth stage and the requirements on the plants, and provides a uniform growth environment, so that the harvested products obtained in the actual cultivation process can not reach the good use standard, even shrink.
Preferably, the lighting unit 10 is arranged with light emitting members for emitting different light beams in an array. The light emitting member includes at least a first light emitting member 11 and a second light emitting member 12. The first light emitting element 11 is used to provide a constant light source to allow photosynthesis of the plant. Preferably, the first light emitting member 11 corresponds to each of the incubation holes 5 distributed on the incubation plate 2 to provide constant illumination. Preferably, the second luminous element 12 is disposed in the gap of the first luminous element 11 to correspond to the position of each incubation hole 5 after the incubation plate 2 is deflected. When a supplementary light source is required for a specific plant (i.e., a combined light is required), the plant is directed to the second luminous element 12 of the lighting unit 10 by the deflection of the cultivating tray 2 without the lighting unit 10 adjusting the light quality. Preferably, the adjusting unit monitors the plants based on a visual sensor or a laser sensor arranged in the cultivation device to acquire the growth condition of the plants. The vision sensor obtains image information of the plant and obtains parameters including a plant growth stage, a leaf light receiving area, a leaf covering area and the like in real time through the image based on an image processing technology. Preferably, for the crops to be detected with a plurality of complex backgrounds, a parameter model for the crops in the background can be established through the data obtained by image processing. The establishment of the new model can effectively improve the monitoring precision of the reference parameters, and the new model can be directly called when the reference parameters are obtained again under the background, so that a large amount of calculation time is saved.
Preferably, the plants in the first growth period are illuminated using only the first light emitting element 11. The cultivation plate 2 is not deflected. The lighting unit 10 provides a constant light pattern when the plant is in a first growth period. When the growth stage or state of the plant changes from the first growth period to the second growth period. The adjustment unit is able to adjust the deflection of the growth plate 2 on the basis of the transition characteristic and to adjust the light beam of the second luminous element 12 of the illumination unit 10. For example, when the leaf coverage of the plant is high (e.g., more than 30%), a transition to the second growth stage is made. The regulating unit controls the cultivating tray 2 to be deflected in response to the transition of the plant growing period and controls the second light emitting member 12 to supply the first form light participating in the plant light morphogenetic reaction. Preferably, the constant light emitted by the first light emitting element 11 can be red and/or blue light in accordance with the plant growth requirements. Preferably, the combined light emitted by the second light emitter 12 can be a combination of red, far-red, blue and/or violet light of different intensities that promotes a plant light morphogenetic response. Preferably, the combined light combination ratio is red: far-red light: blue light: violet light =2:1:2:1. preferably, the parameters of the current plant growth stage, the leaf light receiving area, the leaf covering area and the like obtained after the image processing can be compared with the parameters monitored last time to determine the correct expression of the plant photomorphogenetic establishment reaction. Preferably, the adjusting unit adjusts the combined light ratio of the second light-emitting element 12 of the lighting unit 10 based on the comparison result of the parameters of the current plant growth stage, the light receiving area and the covering area of the leaves obtained after the image processing and the last monitored parameters. For example, when the plant leaves are monitored to undergo major atrophy, the far-red light ratio is adjusted higher to increase the growth rate and recovery rate of the plant leaves.
Preferably, the regulating unit is capable of controlling the first and second light-emitting members 11 and 12 of the lighting unit 10 to provide the second form of light required by the plant when the growth stage or state of the plant is expected and the reproductive stage is entered. For example, when the harvest site of the cultivated plant is a leaf, the first and second light emitting members 11 and 12 can simultaneously give red and/or blue light having the same intensity and spectrum. At this time, no real-time change of the second light emitting member 12 is required, so the lighting unit 10 can adjust the combined light emitted from the second light emitting member 12 for a long time. Compared with the prior art that the same illumination is provided through the same straight panel, the invention emphasizes the overall growth state of the plant in a manner of providing various composite illumination, and the second light-emitting element 12 is used as an auxiliary light source to promote the growth of the part of the plant to be harvested.
Preferably, the second light emitting member 12 is provided as a light emitting element capable of adjusting an exit angle. The individual combined light cultivation can be more accurately performed for a single plant through the adjustment of the emergent angle and the adjustment of the deflection of the cultivation tray 2.
According to a preferred embodiment, the incubation well 2 is provided with incubation holes 5 arranged at equal intervals. Preferably, the cultivation wells 5 on the cultivation plate 2 can be arranged in a regular hexagon. The cultivation holes 5 for cultivating plants in the prior art are simply planted in a square arrangement mode, but the square arrangement mode has the defects that the planting density is too high, the reproductive space occupied by each plant is uneven, the waste of the space is caused, and even the situation that the plants are extruded to grow mutually but the space is still not used up occurs. In addition, the square arrangement also results in that the individual illumination of specific plants cannot be done accurately and efficiently. Especially for the second light emitting element 12 provided by the present invention, when the cultivation dish 2 is inclined due to the square arrangement of the cultivation holes 5, the relative position is still difficult to judge, that is, the distance between the cultivation holes 5 is shortened, and the illumination can not reach the cultivation holes 5 requiring illumination. The regular hexagonal design makes the position of the incubation apertures 5 opposite each column of each row more clear, so that the second light emitter 12 of the lighting unit 10 can be aligned with the position of the incubation apertures 5. The equidistant design also enables the plants to have equal growth space, and the space utilization rate is improved to the maximum extent. Preferably, the adjusting unit adjusts the degree of deflection of the cultivating tray 2 and/or the illumination parameters of the lighting unit 10 at least based on the proportion of the growth of the respective plants on the cultivating tray 2. When a single plant is changed in growth as described above, the auxiliary light source is not required for a part of the plants since the deflection cultivating tray 2 deflects all the plants on the same line in the axial direction of the conveyor chain. In this case, the irradiation of the individual plants can be realized by adjusting the emission angle of the second light emitting member 12. When the leftmost or rightmost plant of the regular hexagon is changed in the growing condition as described above, the second luminous member 12 can be aligned by deflecting the cultivating tray 2. The second lighting member 12 is turned on and off after the cultivation plate 2 is deflected, and the second lighting member 12 can be independently controlled for illumination. Preferably, when the plants are discretely distributed and changed in growth conditions as described above, the adjusting unit adjusts the degree of deflection of the cultivation tray 2 and/or the illumination parameter of the illumination unit 1O at least by the changed proportion of the plants. Preferably, the adjusting unit adjusts the deflection assembly in such a way that the illumination deviation angle of the local plant canopy from the auxiliary light source becomes smaller, based on the light demand of the local position plants in the cultivation plate 2. The irradiation deviation angle means: the angle of the plant canopy to the direction of propagation of the light emitted by the lighting unit. I.e. the angle formed by the irradiated light and the plant canopy (which can be approximately equal to the position of the cultivation hole). Or can also be understood as: whether the light emitted by the lighting unit is directly irradiated on the plant canopy (or the approximately cultivating hole) or not, the smaller the irradiation deviation angle is, the closer the light is to the plant canopy (or the approximately cultivating hole).
For example, when the growth of more than 50% of the plants in the plurality of cultivating holes 5 arranged in a regular hexagon is changed as described above, the adjusting unit deflects the cultivating tray 2 so that the canopy of the plants on the cultivating tray is adjacent to the second light-emitting member of the illuminating unit 10, and adjusts the light-to-quality ratio of the second light-emitting member 12. It should be noted that the incubation holes 5 of the incubation plate 2 along the axis of the conveyor chain cannot be deflected. However, since the cultivating tray 2 and the plant are spatially layered, the plant can be positioned in the same manner as in the case where the cultivating holes 5 are not deflected after the cultivation pot is deflected, but the canopy of the plant is deflected.
Throughout this document, the features referred to as "preferably" are only an optional feature and should not be understood as necessarily requiring that such applicant reserves the right to disclaim or delete the associated preferred feature at any time.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary, and that those skilled in the art, having benefit of the present disclosure, may devise various arrangements that are within the scope of the present disclosure and that fall within the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present specification and figures are illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting on the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A vertical plant-growing device with a continuous conveying structure, comprising at least a growing tray (2) and a conveyor chain (1) for moving said growing, said growing tray (2) being lined up with a plurality of growing holes (5), said plurality of growing holes (5) being intended for growing a plurality of respective plants,
the connection of the plate (2) to the conveyor chain (1) is provided with a deflection assembly, the plate (2) performs a deflection movement about a deflection axis in the articulated element (7) about the conveyor chain (1) axis on the basis of the angular change of the deflection angle of the deflection assembly controlled by an adjustment unit,
wherein the device further comprises a lighting unit (10) for providing at least two lights,
the adjusting unit determines the illumination ratios of the different lights of the lighting unit (10) on the basis of the characteristics of the plant growth stage, while the adjusting unit adjusts the deflection assembly in such a way that the illumination deviation angle of the local plant canopy from the auxiliary light source becomes smaller on the basis of the demand of the local position plants in the cultivation plate (2) for light.
2. The vertical plant-cultivating device with a continuous conveying structure according to claim 1, wherein light-emitting members for emitting different light beams are arranged in an array on the lighting unit (10), the light-emitting members including at least a first light-emitting member (11) and a second light-emitting member (12), wherein,
said first light-emitting member (11) corresponding to each incubation well (5) distributed on said incubation plate (2) to provide constant illumination,
the second luminous element (12) is arranged in the gap of the first luminous element (11) to correspond to each incubation aperture (5) position after the incubation plate (2) deflection and to provide a combined illumination.
3. The upright plant-growing device with continuous conveying structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the deflecting assembly comprises a deflecting base (6), the deflecting base (6) is directly connected with the conveying chain (1) and carries the growing tray (2) for movement under the driving of the conveying chain (1), the deflecting base (6) is connected with the middle part of the growing tray (2) by a hinge element (7) so that the growing tray (2) can perform a deflecting movement around the deflecting axis in the hinge element (7) with the conveying chain (1) as the axis.
4. The vertical plant cultivation device with a continuous transfer structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the adjustment unit monitors the plant based on a visual sensor or a laser sensor provided in the cultivation device to obtain the characteristics of the stage of plant growth including at least the stage of plant growth, the leaf light-receiving area and the leaf covering area,
when the growth phase or state of the plant changes from a first growth period to a second growth period, the adjusting unit adjusts the deflection of the cultivation plate (2) based on the plant growth situation and adjusts the light beam of the second luminous element (12) of the lighting unit (10), wherein,
the regulating unit controls the cultivating tray (2) to deflect and the second light emitter (12) to provide the first form light participating in the plant photomorphogenetic reaction in response to the transition of the plant growth period.
5. The vertical plant cultivation device with continuous transmission structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the constant light emitted from the first light emitting member (11) is red light and/or blue light according to the plant growth requirement,
the combined light emitted by the second light-emitting member (12) is a combination of red light, far-red light, blue light and/or purple light of different light intensities which promote plant photomorphogenesis reaction.
6. The vertical plant cultivation device with continuous transfer structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the adjusting unit adjusts the combined light ratio of the second light emitting member (12) of the lighting unit (10) based on the comparison result of the current plant growth stage, the leaf light receiving area and the leaf covering area obtained after the image processing with the last monitored parameter, wherein,
the regulating unit is capable of controlling the first (11) and the second (12) lighting element of the lighting unit (10) to provide the second configuration of light required by the plant when the growth stage or state of the plant is expected and the reproductive stage is entered.
7. The vertical plant cultivation device with continuous conveying structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, when the plants on the cultivation plate (2) are discretely changed in growth, the adjusting unit adjusts the degree of deflection of the cultivation plate (2) and/or the illumination parameter of the illumination unit (10) at least by the changed proportion of the plants.
8. The vertical plant-growing device with continuous conveying structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said conveying chain (1) comprises a vertical conveying chain (3) and a horizontal conveying chain (4), said vertical conveying chain (3) being used for lifting said trays (2) of plants to obtain superimposed growing of plants in the vertical direction, said horizontal conveying chain (4) being used for turning said trays (2) of plants, wherein,
the horizontal conveyor chains (4) at the highest and lowest points of the conveying structure are at least provided as a first and a second diverting area.
9. The vertical plant-growing device with continuous conveying structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the plants are fixed during the movement along the conveyor chain (1) and the roots of the plants protrude into the aeroponic space (13) at the lower surface of the cultivation plate (2),
the leaves and/or fruits of the plants protrude into the illumination space (14) located on the upper surface of said cultivation plate (2),
an aeroponic spray head is arranged in the aeroponic space (13) to provide nutrients needed by plants, wherein,
the plants are fixed on the cultivation plate (2) during their growth phase and are subjected to continuous or intermittent movement.
10. The upright plant-cultivation device with continuous conveying structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the lighting unit (10) is further configured to: while the plants are moving along the transport path, the plants are wholly or partially illuminated by the light of the illumination unit (10) and partially not illuminated by the light, wherein,
the plants are illuminated as they move in a vertically downward direction along the transport path at the first and second turnaround regions;
the plants are shaded as they move vertically upward along the transfer path between the first and second turnaround areas.
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| CN202211513409.4A CN115812586A (en) | 2022-11-28 | 2022-11-28 | Vertical plant cultivation device with continuous conveying structure |
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| CN101725871A (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2010-06-09 | 惠州市可道光电科技有限公司 | LED plant growth lamp |
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| CN113632668A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-11-12 | 珠海市现代农业发展中心(珠海市金湾区台湾农民创业园管理委员会、珠海市农渔业科研与推广中心) | Water-saving constant-temperature plant seedling raising equipment |
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| CN101725871A (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2010-06-09 | 惠州市可道光电科技有限公司 | LED plant growth lamp |
| CN111727868A (en) * | 2017-05-30 | 2020-10-02 | 弗劳恩霍夫应用研究促进协会 | Device for promoting plant growth |
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