CN116061527A - 一种带有防护膜的真空绝热保温板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种带有防护膜的真空绝热保温板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN116061527A
CN116061527A CN202111286859.XA CN202111286859A CN116061527A CN 116061527 A CN116061527 A CN 116061527A CN 202111286859 A CN202111286859 A CN 202111286859A CN 116061527 A CN116061527 A CN 116061527A
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protective film
vacuum
vacuum heat
insulating board
layer
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李壮贤
刘婷
黄雷涛
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Anhui Keruike Insulation Material Co ltd
Qingdao Kerui New Environmental Materials Group Co ltd
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Anhui Keruike Insulation Material Co ltd
Qingdao Kerui New Environmental Materials Group Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种带有防护膜的真空绝热保温板及其制备方法，包括真空绝热板本体、包裹于真空绝热板外侧的防护膜；防护膜的结构组成由内到外依次为热缩层、胶结过渡层、耐磨抗穿刺层，热缩层为高分子聚合物交联带片的一层或多层复合而成，耐磨抗穿刺层由合成纤维或矿石纤维丝型织物组成，胶结过渡层为碳酸钙胶凝剂、聚丙烯树脂、酚醛树脂的一种或两种。本发明提供的带有防护膜的真空绝热保温板及其制备方法，使得真空绝热板在施工过程中，避免因破损造成漏气空鼓的问题，将真空绝热板与玻纤布热缩膜防护层进行了二次真空热合一体化成型，提高了真空板复合膜的韧性和抗穿刺强度。

Description

一种带有防护膜的真空绝热保温板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑保温技术领域，尤其涉及一种带有防护膜的真空绝热保温板及其制备方法。
背景技术
真空绝热板作为目前保温效果最好的保温材料，在施工过程中容易因刮伤导致漏气空鼓现象，造成一定的不安全因素，不利于真空绝热板的推广应用。现有防护技术主要是在真空绝热保温板外复合砂浆或陶瓷纤维板等作为保护层。但是上述技术存在成本高、生产工艺繁琐、增加了保温板厚度、生产效率低等问题。
本发明提供了一种优于上述技术的保温板，热缩膜与真空绝热板通过二次抽真空热合一体化成型，粘结牢固，结构合理，解决了保温板因破损漏气而出现的空鼓问题。防护层强度高，韧性好，双层真空结构，能有效保护真空绝热保温板，降低了施工过程中真空绝热保温板的破损概率，提高了保温板的利用率。生产工艺步骤简单，利于真空绝热保温板的规模化生产。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种带有防护膜的真空绝热保温板及其制备方法，解决了真空绝热板在施工过程中因破损造成漏气空鼓的问题，将真空绝热板与玻纤布热缩膜防护层进行了二次真空热合一体化成型，提高了真空板复合膜的韧性和抗穿刺强度。
一种带有防护膜的真空绝热保温板，包括真空绝热板本体、包裹于所述真空绝热板外侧的防护膜；
所述防护膜的结构组成由内到外依次为热缩层、胶结过渡层、耐磨抗穿刺层，所述热缩层为高分子聚合物交联带片的一层或多层复合而成，所述耐磨抗穿刺层由合成纤维或矿石纤维丝型织物组成，所述胶结过渡层为碳酸钙胶凝剂、聚丙烯树脂、酚醛树脂的一种或两种。
所述高分子聚合物为乙烯类聚合物，分子量在1×105～1×108之间。
所述合成纤维为聚酯、聚丙烯或聚酰胺的一种或多种，所述矿石纤维为铝硼硅酸盐、铁镁硅酸盐或镁铝硅酸盐的一种或多种。
所述真空绝热板为水平方向平行或竖直排列，板与板之间的间隙≤0.5mm。
所述真空绝热板为单胞、双胞或多胞的结构。
一种带有防护膜的真空绝热保温板制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
S1、将防护膜的热缩层、过渡层、耐磨抗穿刺层，通过干式复合工艺进行复合，送入熟化室，在60℃下熟化72h，制得真空绝热板防护膜；
S2、将单胞、双胞或多胞真空绝热板平铺于真空绝热板防护膜上，防护膜的热缩层与真空绝热板接触，放置于夹具内，控制真空绝热板间的间隙，干燥10分钟，温度为40～60℃，以去除所述真空绝热板外部残留水分；
S3、将防护膜两面封口，制作热封袋，拆卸夹具，将包裹防护膜的单胞、双胞或多胞真空绝热板送入真空设备进行抽真空封口；
S4、将具有防护膜的真空绝热保温板热压定型，制得具有防护膜的真空绝热保温板。
所述步骤S1中，所述干式复合工艺，速度为10-20m/s，压力为0.1-5MPa。
所述步骤S3中，真空室压力为1×10-1 ～1×10-3 Pa，封口温度为70～120℃。
所述步骤S4中，所述热压的温度为50-150℃，所述热压的压力为0.2-1MPa，所述热压的时间为5-20s。
作为优选，所述热缩层为聚乙烯（PE）、聚氯乙烯（PVC）和聚烯烃(POF)中的一种。
作为优选，所述热缩层厚度为50-80μm。
作为优选，所述防护膜的热合温度为100-150℃。
本发明的有益效果在于：
（1）本发明提供了一种韧性好、抗穿刺强度高的复合真空绝热板，解决了施工过程中真空绝热保温板因破损漏气导致空鼓的问题。防护层与真空绝热板粘结牢固，结构合理，强度高，有效的保护了真空绝热保温板，提高了保温板的利用率。
（2）优化了复合真空绝热保温板的生产工艺。与之前带防护层的真空绝热板生产工艺相比，本发明将防护层与真空绝热板通过二次抽真空热合一体化成型，生产工艺简单、成本低、生产效率高、不影响保温板的导热系数，利于真空绝热保温板的规模化生产。
（3）具有防护膜保护的真空绝热板，防护膜与真空绝热板结合牢固，自由组合，可解决无法实现大尺寸以及超大尺寸真空绝热板产品生产的难题。并且，防护膜强度高，韧性好，双层真空结构，能有效保护真空绝热保温板的保温性能，并降低了施工过程中真空绝热保温板的破损概率，提高了保温板的利用率。
具体实施方式
为了能更加清楚说明本方案的技术特点，下面通过具体实施方式，对本方案进行阐述。
本方案提出的真空绝热保温板，所述保温板由真空绝热板和玻纤布热缩膜防护层通过真空热合工艺复合制成。所述的真空绝热保温板由芯材和高强度阻气膜抽真空封装制成；所述的玻纤布热缩膜防护层由玻纤布与热缩膜复合制成。
本发明与现有各类做保护层真空绝热板技术相比，使施工中真空板的漏气率降低75-90%，解决了施工过程中真空绝热保温板因破损漏气导致空鼓的问题。防护层韧性好、强度高，与真空板结合牢固，使抗穿刺强度提升50-80%，有效保护了保温板在施工中不被破坏，提高了真空绝热板的利用率。
下面通过具体实施例来进一步说明：
实施例1
玻纤布与50μm聚乙烯热缩膜通过复合膜设备复合后，送入熟化室，在60℃下熟化72h，制得玻纤布热缩膜防护层。
制备好的防护层制作为热封袋，将真空绝热板放入袋中，送入真空设备抽真空封装。在120℃下进行热复合，持续时间7s，制得热缩膜防护层热合真空绝热保温板。
此工艺条件下，热缩膜防护层热合真空绝热保温板抗穿刺强度为29N，漏气率降低82%，无空鼓现象，有效改善了复合保温板的破损空鼓状况。
实施例2
玻纤布与80μm聚乙烯热缩膜通过复合膜设备复合后，送入熟化室，在60℃下熟化72h，制得玻纤布热缩膜防护层。
制备好的防护层制作为热封袋，将真空绝热板放入袋中，送入真空设备抽真空封装。在150℃下进行热复合，持续时间10s，制得热缩膜防护层热合真空绝热保温板。
此工艺条件下，热缩膜防护层热合真空绝热保温板抗穿刺强度为32N，漏气率降低89%，无空鼓现象，有效改善了复合保温板的破损空鼓状况。
本发明实施例2与现有真空绝热板技术相比，使施工中真空板的漏气率降低89%，抗穿刺强度提升78%，无空鼓现象，有效改善了施工过程中真空绝热保温板因破损漏气导致的空鼓问题，大大提高了真空绝热板的利用率。
本发明未经描述的技术特征可以通过或采用现有技术实现，在此不再赘述，当然，上述说明并非是对本发明的限制，本发明也并不仅限于上述举例，本技术领域的普通技术人员在本发明的实质范围内所做出的变化、改型、添加或替换，也应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种带有防护膜的真空绝热保温板，其特征在于，包括真空绝热板本体、包裹于所述真空绝热板外侧的防护膜；
所述防护膜的结构组成由内到外依次为热缩层、胶结过渡层、耐磨抗穿刺层，所述热缩层为高分子聚合物交联带片的一层或多层复合而成，所述耐磨抗穿刺层由合成纤维或矿石纤维丝型织物组成，所述胶结过渡层为碳酸钙胶凝剂、聚丙烯树脂、酚醛树脂的一种或两种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的带有防护膜的真空绝热保温板，其特征在于，所述高分子聚合物为乙烯类聚合物，分子量在1×105～1×108之间。
3.根据权利要求2所述的带有防护膜的真空绝热保温板，其特征在于，所述合成纤维为聚酯、聚丙烯或聚酰胺的一种或多种，所述矿石纤维为铝硼硅酸盐、铁镁硅酸盐或镁铝硅酸盐的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的带有防护膜的真空绝热保温板，其特征在于，所述真空绝热板为水平方向平行或竖直排列，板与板之间的间隙≤0.5mm。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的带有防护膜的真空绝热保温板，其特征在于，所述真空绝热板为单胞、双胞或多胞的结构。
6.一种带有防护膜的真空绝热保温板制备方法，其特征在于，具体包括以下步骤：
S1、将防护膜的热缩层、过渡层、耐磨抗穿刺层，通过干式复合工艺进行复合，送入熟化室，在60℃下熟化72h，制得真空绝热板防护膜；
S2、将单胞、双胞或多胞真空绝热板平铺于真空绝热板防护膜上，防护膜的热缩层与真空绝热板接触，放置于夹具内，控制真空绝热板间的间隙，干燥10分钟，温度为40～60℃，以去除所述真空绝热板外部残留水分；
S3、将防护膜两面封口，制作热封袋，拆卸夹具，将包裹防护膜的单胞、双胞或多胞真空绝热板送入真空设备进行抽真空封口；
S4、将具有防护膜的真空绝热保温板热压定型，制得具有防护膜的真空绝热保温板。
7.根据权利要求6所述的带有防护膜的真空绝热保温
板制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S1中，所述干式复合工艺，速度为10-20m/s，压力为0.1-5MPa。
8.根据权利要求7所述的带有防护膜的真空绝热保温板制备方法，其特
征在于，所述步骤S3中，真空室压力为1×10-1 ～1×10-3 Pa，封口温度为70～120℃。
9.根据权利要求8所述的带有防护膜的真空绝热保温板制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S4中，所述热压的温度为50-150℃，所述热压的压力为0.2-1MPa，所述热压的时间为5-20s。
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